CN109957851A - One kind matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
One kind matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109957851A CN109957851A CN201910228076.2A CN201910228076A CN109957851A CN 109957851 A CN109957851 A CN 109957851A CN 201910228076 A CN201910228076 A CN 201910228076A CN 109957851 A CN109957851 A CN 109957851A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/08—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyacrylonitrile as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/16—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to environmental material fields, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber, matter containing heavy metal biological obtain plant powder by pretreatment；TPU:PAN solution system is configured to using DMAC N,N' dimethyl acetamide, high polymer polyurethane and polyacrylonitrile；Using former spinning solution as compareing, addition plant powder arrives spinning solution TPU:PAN solution system, and wet spinning obtains nascent composite fibre after de-soak, air-dried to obtain composite fibre.The complex fiber material for the biomass that the present invention prepares has good heat resistance, also has the excellent mechanical mechanics property of macromolecule polymers, with good hygroscopicity and biocompatibility, this novel biomass fiber development is simultaneously applied, a large amount of matter containing heavy metal biological is used, is the new way for realizing the recycling of matter containing heavy metal biological.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental material fields, and in particular to a kind of system of matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber
Preparation Method.
Background technique
Heavy-metal contaminated soil has brought the hidden danger such as grain security, Living environment safety of human being and food chain enrichment,
Have become one of Global Environmental Problems.Compared to numerous recovery techniques, Phytoremediation of Soils Contaminated by Heavy Metals has at low cost, easy
Operation, secondary pollution is small, is capable of fixing the advantages that soil carbon source, thus becomes a kind of biological renovation method by high praise.It repairs
The plant or biomass that the plant of heavy-metal contaminated soil can usually adsorb one or more heavy metals are big, grow and breed
The plant of fast speed.But plant, due to being enriched heavy metal, becomes the biology containing heavy metal as these a kind of plants
Matter not can be carried out direct utilization, and traditional trash processing way is as filled and burning not can be well solved plant after being enriched with
Processing problem and it is easy to produce secondary pollution, if matter containing heavy metal biological cannot be disposed safely and reasonably, then passing through food
The transmitting of object chain and the people for directly contacting enriched biological matter can also have certain Potential environmental risk.Therefore, how scientific
Reasonable disposition and resource utilization matter containing heavy metal biological are the major issues of relationship phytoremediation research urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
To realize the resource utilization of matter containing heavy metal biological, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of matter containing heavy metal biological
Cellulose/high polymer fibre preparation method, this kind of method are solved in existing report and are disposed after the reparation of matter containing heavy metal biological
The problem of, and reduced costs by the combination of high molecular polymer and biomass, open the recycling of matter containing heavy metal biological
New way；On the other hand, in combination with wide, adaptable, the resistance to life of high molecular polymer polyurethane (PU) performance adjustable extent
Object aging etc. has the advantages that the performances such as excellent elastic force and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fiber weatherability and sun-resistant property are good, resistance to
The performances such as chemical reagent carry out mixing wet spinning in conjunction with both high molecular excellent properties, do not have to make up biomass
Performance, a kind of preparation approach of novel composite fibre of matter containing heavy metal biological is provided, it is at low cost and industrially have good
Application prospect, also enrich the diversity in textile raw material source.
A kind of preparation method of matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber, comprising the following steps:
(1) plant of matter containing heavy metal biological pre-processes: will focus on containing the plant harvesting in heavy metal soil, dries in the air after cleaning
It is dry, it is contemplated that in root, stem and leaf in plant content of beary metal difference, be put in baking oven after its root, stem and leaf is separately shredded, 80 DEG C are true
After drying to constant weight in empty drying box, 200 meshes are smashed it through with pulverizer, obtain plant powder；
(2) it prepares spinning solution: macromolecule solvent being used as using n,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), uses bath raio for 4:
1, dissolve high polymer polyurethane (PU) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) respectively, with heat-collecting magnetic stirring device at 80 DEG C heating stirring
4h is dissolved, after stirring is completely dissolved uniformly, two solution is mixed and are stirred again uniformly, TPU:PAN solution is configured to
System；Preferably, TPU:PAN mass fraction ratio is 3:1 to 1:3；
(3) it prepares mixed solution: using former spinning solution as control, adding a certain amount of plant powder to spinning solution
TPU:PAN solution system, plant powder is insoluble in spinning solution, and stirring enables powder equal in heat-collecting magnetic stirring device
It is even to be dispersed in spinning solution for wet spinning；Weigh the 1.5%~20% of plant powder accounting gross mass；
(4) de-soak: the spinning solution of preparation is using de-soak in ultrasound 10min or baking oven；
(5) wet spinning: mixed solution carries out spinning by small wet spinning machine, and spinning syringe needle uses 17~No. 21 needles
Head does coagulating bath with distilled water, and spinning obtains nascent composite fibre；Wet-spinning frame parameter setting spinning head extruded velocity SP is
2mm/s~2.5mm/s, drafting multiple are adjusted to 1.5m/Min~2.5m/Min, and hot-rolling revolving speed is adjusted to 3m/Min~3.5m/Min, horizontal
It moves as 3~4m/Min, winds as 3~4m/Min, spinning obtains nascent composite fibre；To keep spinning more smooth, it is preferred to use 17
Number (pipe range 13mm, internal diameter 1.12mm, outer diameter 1.48mm) syringe needle；
(6) it air-dries: being put in draught cupboard after the nascent composite fibre of spinning is wound and dry, obtain composite fibre.
The complex fiber material for the biomass that the present invention prepares has good heat resistance, and it is excellent also to have macromolecule polymers
Different mechanical mechanics property has good hygroscopicity and biocompatibility, and this novel biomass fiber development is simultaneously applied, will
A large amount of matter containing heavy metal biological uses, and is the new way for realizing the recycling of matter containing heavy metal biological.
Specific embodiment
It is described in conjunction with the embodiments the specific technical solution of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of preparation method of matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber, comprising the following steps:
(1) plant of matter containing heavy metal biological pre-processes: will focus on containing the plant harvesting in heavy metal soil, the present embodiment
Plant be Grain Production of Amaranthus；Dried after cleaning, it is contemplated that in root, stem and leaf in plant content of beary metal difference, its root, stem and leaf is separated
It is put in baking oven after shredding, after drying to constant weight in 80 DEG C of vacuum ovens, is smashed it through 200 meshes with pulverizer, obtained
Grain Production of Amaranthus plant powder；
(2) it prepares spinning solution: macromolecule solvent being used as using n,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), uses bath raio for 4:
1, dissolve high polymer polyurethane (PU) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) respectively, with heat-collecting magnetic stirring device at 80 DEG C heating stirring
4h is dissolved, after stirring is completely dissolved uniformly, two solution is mixed and are stirred again uniformly, TPU:PAN solution is configured to
System；TPU:PAN mass fraction ratio is 3:1；
(3) preparation mixed solution: using former spinning solution as control, a certain amount of Grain Production of Amaranthus plant powder is added to spinning
Silk stock solution TPU:PAN solution system, Grain Production of Amaranthus plant powder stir in heat-collecting magnetic stirring device insoluble in spinning solution
So that powder can be uniformly dispersed in spinning solution for wet spinning；Weigh Grain Production of Amaranthus plant powder accounting gross mass
1.5%~20%；
(4) de-soak: the spinning solution of preparation is using de-soak in ultrasound 10min or baking oven；
(5) wet spinning: mixed solution carries out spinning by small wet spinning machine, and spinning syringe needle uses No. 17 syringe needles,
Coagulating bath is done with distilled water, spinning obtains nascent composite fibre；Wet-spinning frame parameter setting spinning head extruded velocity SP is
2mm/s~2.5mm/s, drafting multiple are adjusted to 1.5m/Min~2.5m/Min, and hot-rolling revolving speed is adjusted to 3m/Min~3.5m/Min, horizontal
It moves as 3~4m/Min, winds as 3~4m/Min, spinning obtains nascent composite fibre；
(6) it air-dries: being put in draught cupboard after the nascent composite fibre of spinning is wound and dry, obtain composite fibre.
Embodiment 2
A kind of preparation method of matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber, comprising the following steps:
(1) plant of matter containing heavy metal biological pre-processes: will focus on containing the plant harvesting in heavy metal soil, the present embodiment
Plant be Grain Production of Amaranthus；Dried after cleaning, it is contemplated that in root, stem and leaf in plant content of beary metal difference, its root, stem and leaf is separated
It is put in baking oven after shredding, after drying to constant weight in 80 DEG C of vacuum ovens, is smashed it through 200 meshes with pulverizer, obtained
Grain Production of Amaranthus plant powder；
(2) it prepares spinning solution: macromolecule solvent being used as using n,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), uses bath raio for 4:
1, dissolve high polymer polyurethane (PU) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) respectively, with heat-collecting magnetic stirring device at 80 DEG C heating stirring
4h is dissolved, after stirring is completely dissolved uniformly, two solution is mixed and are stirred again uniformly, TPU:PAN solution is configured to
System；TPU:PAN mass fraction ratio is 1:3；
(3) preparation mixed solution: using former spinning solution as control, a certain amount of Grain Production of Amaranthus plant powder is added to spinning
Silk stock solution TPU:PAN solution system, Grain Production of Amaranthus plant powder stir in heat-collecting magnetic stirring device insoluble in spinning solution
So that powder can be uniformly dispersed in spinning solution for wet spinning；Weigh Grain Production of Amaranthus plant powder accounting gross mass
1.5%~20%；
(4) de-soak: the spinning solution of preparation is using de-soak in ultrasound 10min or baking oven；
(5) wet spinning: mixed solution carries out spinning by small wet spinning machine, and spinning syringe needle uses No. 17 syringe needles,
Coagulating bath is done with distilled water, spinning obtains nascent composite fibre；Wet-spinning frame parameter setting spinning head extruded velocity SP is
2mm/s~2.5mm/s, drafting multiple are adjusted to 1.5m/Min~2.5m/Min, and hot-rolling revolving speed is adjusted to 3m/Min~3.5m/Min, horizontal
It moves as 3~4m/Min, winds as 3~4m/Min, spinning obtains nascent composite fibre；
(6) it air-dries: being put in draught cupboard after the nascent composite fibre of spinning is wound and dry, obtain composite fibre.
After tested, the breaking strength of composite fibre is reachable > 2.6cN/ for the composite fibre of technology preparation method through the invention
Tex, tension fracture elongation rate length is up to 287.45%；Hydrophilicity increases after biomass is added, and water contact angle is by 104.7 °
± 3.3 become 66.4 ° ± 2.4；Through TG analyze about 300 ° of composite fibre mass loss just takes place, illustrate thermal stability compared with
By force, ageing-resistant；Composite fibre can tolerate soda acid range PH4.0~PH9.8, corrosion-resistant.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber preparation method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) plant of matter containing heavy metal biological pre-processes: it will plant containing the plant harvesting in heavy metal soil, dried after cleaning,
Root, stem and leaf is separated and is shredded, after 80 dry to constant weight in a vacuum drying oven, 200 meshes will be smashed it through with pulverizer, obtained
Plant powder；
(2) it prepares spinning solution: using n,N-dimethylacetamide, high polymer polyurethane and polyacrylonitrile, be configured to TPU:PAN
Solution system；
(3) it prepares mixed solution: using former spinning solution as control, adding a certain amount of plant powder to spinning solution TPU:
PAN solution system, stirring is used so that powder, which is dispersed in spinning solution, forms high polymer in heat-collecting magnetic stirring device
In wet spinning；
(4) de-soak: the spinning solution of preparation is using de-soak in ultrasound 10min or baking oven；
(5) wet spinning: mixed solution carries out spinning by small wet spinning machine, does coagulating bath with distilled water, spinning obtains
Nascent composite fibre；
(6) it air-dries: being put in draught cupboard after the nascent composite fibre of spinning is wound and dry, obtain composite fibre.
2. a kind of preparation method of matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber according to claim 1, feature exist
In preparation spinning solution described in step (2), using n,N-dimethylacetamide DMAc as macromolecule solvent, using bath raio
For 4:1, dissolve high polymer polyurethane TPU and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) respectively, with heat-collecting magnetic stirring device under 80 heat heating stirring
4h is dissolved, after stirring is completely dissolved uniformly, two solution is mixed and are stirred again uniformly, TPU:PAN solution is configured to
System.
3. a kind of preparation method of matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber according to claim 1, feature exist
In in step (2), TPU:PAN mass fraction ratio is 3:1 to 1:3.
4. a kind of preparation method of matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber according to claim 1, feature exist
In the 1.5%~20% of plant powder accounting gross mass in step (3).
5. a kind of preparation method of matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber according to claim 1, feature exist
In wet spinning described in step (5), spinning syringe needle uses 17~No. 21 syringe needles, and wet-spinning frame parameter is set as, spinning head
Extruded velocity SP is 2mm/s~2.5mm/s, and drafting multiple is adjusted to 1.5m/Min~2.5m/Min, and hot-rolling revolving speed is adjusted to 3m/Min
~3.5m/Min, traversing are 3~4m/Min, are wound as 3~4m/Min, and spinning obtains nascent composite fibre.
6. a kind of matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber, which is characterized in that pass through preparation described in claims 1 to 5
Method preparation gained.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1670274A (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2005-09-21 | 东华大学 | Soya protein/polyurethane/polyacrylonitrile blended composite fiber and its preparing method |
| CN1683618A (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2005-10-19 | 东华大学 | Plant protein/polyurethane/polyacrylonitrile blended composite fiber and preparing process |
| US20080161482A1 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-03 | Diamond Polymer Science Co., Ltd | Functional material powder, method for fabricating the same and functional staple fiber containing the same |
| CN104522880A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-22 | 鹰潭华宝香精香料有限公司 | Composite plant extract and preparation method thereof |
| CN108546280A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-09-18 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of extracting method of the vegetable protein containing selenium |
| CN109355730A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-02-19 | 浙江华峰氨纶股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber |
-
2019
- 2019-03-25 CN CN201910228076.2A patent/CN109957851A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1670274A (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2005-09-21 | 东华大学 | Soya protein/polyurethane/polyacrylonitrile blended composite fiber and its preparing method |
| CN1683618A (en) * | 2005-03-14 | 2005-10-19 | 东华大学 | Plant protein/polyurethane/polyacrylonitrile blended composite fiber and preparing process |
| US20080161482A1 (en) * | 2006-12-29 | 2008-07-03 | Diamond Polymer Science Co., Ltd | Functional material powder, method for fabricating the same and functional staple fiber containing the same |
| CN104522880A (en) * | 2014-12-25 | 2015-04-22 | 鹰潭华宝香精香料有限公司 | Composite plant extract and preparation method thereof |
| CN108546280A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-09-18 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of extracting method of the vegetable protein containing selenium |
| CN109355730A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-02-19 | 浙江华峰氨纶股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 韦红莲: "植物中药提取物与PAN共混功能纤维的制备及性能研究", 《青岛大学学术硕士学位论文》 * |
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Application publication date: 20190702 |