CN109355730A - A kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber Download PDFInfo
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- CN109355730A CN109355730A CN201811228070.7A CN201811228070A CN109355730A CN 109355730 A CN109355730 A CN 109355730A CN 201811228070 A CN201811228070 A CN 201811228070A CN 109355730 A CN109355730 A CN 109355730A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- preparation
- modulus
- acrylonitrile
- polyurethane fiber
- resilience polyurethane
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Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/94—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of other polycondensation products
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber.This method first dissolves acrylonitrile polymers in organic solvent, forms uniform and stable lysate；It is carried out again to mix curing with polyurethane solutions, obtains spinning solution；Spinning solution forms as-spun fibre through high temperature path evaporating organic solvent, then through false twisting, drawing-off, oil, wind, finally obtain spandex finished product.Have the characteristics that modulus is high by spandex prepared by the present invention, spring back, elastic retention it is high；This spandex is in the use process of the empty packet of high speed and tubular knitting, and unwinding is smooth, and end breakage rate is low, can effectively promote the production efficiency of yarn and fabric；The woven cloth specimen of institute is smooth uniform, and elasticity is outstanding, is still able to maintain original performance after the link processings such as be formed, dyed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation methods of polyurethane elastomeric fiber, in particular to a kind of to have high-modulus high resilience polyurethane
The preparation method of fiber.
Background technique
Polyurethane fiber (abbreviation spandex) is a kind of synthetic fibers with favorable elasticity, it be widely used in underwear,
The fields such as gym suit, silk stocking, tight, paper diaper.But in recent years, as the continuous extension and weaving of spandex application field contaminate
Whole Change and Development, conventional spandex product are gradually unable to satisfy diversified postchannel process requirement.Such as in the empty packet of high speed or circle
In the use process that eedle is knitted, often because spandex modulus is insufficient, cause it that fracture of wire occurs in unwinding or weaving process, influence yarn with
The smooth production of fabric；For another example in paper diaper field, elastomeric polyurethane fiber deficiency is it will cause paper diaper bottom encirclement is slack and undisciplined, shadow
Ring anti-side leakage effect；Furthermore then door can be caused because of the loss of elastomeric polyurethane fiber after high-temperature shaping, dyeing processing containing polyurethane fabric
The problems such as unstable, fabric is slack and undisciplined.It therefore, is the production most favored in the market by client with high-modulus and elastomeric spandex
One of product.
Promotion for modulus and elasticity is also always the emphasis of spandex research and development.Conventional technique scheme is to pass through increasing
Ammoniate synthetic fibre hard segment content and the methods of the chain extending reaction agent using high-regularity.But these methods are for spandex modulus and bullet
The improvement of property is relatively limited.Zhou Jianjun et al. is proposed in patent of invention (CN103789864A) by polyether polyols original
Liquid is blended with radical initiator is made spinning solution, and the radical initiator in spinning solution divides in high-temperature dry spinning
Solution releases free radical, causes polyether polyols and forms the intermolecular polyurethane elastomeric fiber with micro- crosslinking.By this method
The spandex of preparation has high-intensitive, high-modulus and high-temperature stability, is suitable as high-temperature dyeing vegetable raw materials and strong to stand up to hard wear
Military clothing is used with elastomer.Liu Xin of Wuhan Textile University et al. (105155003 A of CN) is by by polyurethane spinning
Liquid is after spinneret orifice squeezes out, by by deionized water, ammonium salt, the organic solvent of amide bond, acetone, anionic surface activity
In the solidification liquid that agent is mixed to get, wet process draw forming and heat treatment are carried out, high-strength and high-modulus highly-elastic urethane fiber is obtained.Korea Spro
Hyosung Corporation of state (CN1846018A) is then the cellulose acetate that 1-20wt% is added in polyurethane or polyurethaneurea solution,
Prepare the elastomer with high-modulus and highly heat-resistant.
In general, the factor for determining spandex modulus size and elastic height includes polyurethane molecular amount size, molecule
Interaction force etc. between segment flexibility and molecule segment.Wherein, the interaction force between spandex molecule segment is main
It is to be made of physical entanglement effect and hydrogen bond.These active forces can be after fiber be by height drawing-off and high-temperature dyeing processing
Generation significantly weakens, and macro manifestations are modulus and elastic reduction.And up to now, few patent literature reports are led to
It crosses raising or increases spandex strand interaction force to achieve the purpose that improve modulus and elasticity.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation methods with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber.Invention
Purpose be to solve low existing common spandex product modulus, elastic recovery rate deviation and its after sizing or dyeing processing
Elastic recovery loses serious performance issue.
Technical solution: in order to achieve the above objectives, acrylonitrile polymers are added in polyurethane by the present invention prepares elasticity
Fiber.With a large amount of highly polar cyano (- CN) in polyacrylonitrile quasi polymer structure.The quasi polymer is mixed with polyurethane
It closes, is equivalent in the interspersed highly polar molecule segment of introducing of polyurethane molecular interchain.These strands can effectively increase poly- ammonia
Interaction force between ester molecule chain, thus reduce strand during stretching and under the condition of high temperature hydrogen bond dissociation cause
Segmental flow or fracture.Modulus, resilience and elastic retention is shown as in spandex performance all significantly to be promoted.
A kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber of the invention includes the following steps:
1) preparation of acrylonitrile polymers solution: first acrylonitrile polymers are placed in 60-100 DEG C of baking oven and are carried out
Drying is removed water, then acrylonitrile polymers are put into the blending tank equipped with polar organic solvent, insulated and stirred at 40-80 DEG C
Dissolution, is then filtered processing to lysate using filter, obtains acrylonitrile polymers solution；
2) preparation of blend spinning stoste: polyurethane solutions are mixed with acrylonitrile polymers solution, are added simultaneously
Enter lubricant, antioxidant, ultraviolet resistance auxiliary agent, dyeing assistant to be cured, is stirred in 40-60 degree constant temperature, obtain blend spinning
Stoste；
3) the dry spinning process of blend spinning stoste: blend spinning stoste is delivered to gear pump, then thin through spinneret
Hole forms stoste thread；The spinning shaft evaporation organic solvent that stoste thread passes through 200-260 DEG C again becomes as-spun fibre；These
As-spun fibre through false-twisting device obvolvent bunchy, oils through conductive filament roller traction, the roller that oils again, finally winds to obtain by up- coiler
With high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber.
Wherein:
Used acrylonitrile polymers are polyacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-benzene
Ethylene copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, Acrylonitrile/Acrylamide Copolymers or methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile are total
One of polymers or multiple combinations.
The mass fraction of acrylonitrile is greater than 20% in the acrylonitrile polymers, and the number of acrylonitrile polymers is divided equally
Son amount is 50000-100000.
The polar solvent for using dissolution acrylonitrile polymers is formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl acetamide, two
The combination of one or both of methylformamide, trifluoroacetic acid, methanol, ethyl alcohol or isopropanol.
The mass concentration of the polyacrylonitrile quasi polymer solution is 5-50%, and viscosity is 1000-3000 pool.
The mass concentration of the polyurethane solutions is 32-40%, and viscosity is 3000-5000 pool.
The mass ratio of the polyacrylonitrile quasi polymer and polyurethane is 1/99 to 50/50.
Water removal drying is carried out in the baking oven, the time is 12-24 hours.
Insulated and stirred dissolves at described 40-80 DEG C, and the time is 5-24 hours.
The 40-60 degree constant temperature stirring, time are 24-48 hours.
Spandex product fiber number prepared by the present invention can be 20-1080 denier, can be with polyamide fibre, terylene, acrylic fibers, polypropylene fibre, viscose glue
The collocation of the fibers such as fiber, cotton, tencel, silk uses, for producing underwear, silk stocking, swimming suit, outdoor activity clothes, denim fabric, knitting
The products such as band, paper diaper.
The utility model has the advantages that present invention process process is not simply cumbersome, required raw material are relatively cheap, and suitable industrialization production pushes away
Extensively；The spandex of preparation compared with common spandex, have the characteristics that modulus is high, spring back, elastic retention it is high；This spandex is in height
In the use process of fast empty packet or tubular knitting, end breakage rate is low, and unwinding is smooth, and the production that can effectively promote yarn and fabric is imitated
Rate；The woven cloth specimen of institute is smooth uniform, and elasticity is outstanding, is still able to maintain original after the link processings such as kiering, rinsing, sizing, dyeing
Some characteristics and outstanding feel.
Specific embodiment
Present invention specific implementation comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation of acrylonitrile polymers solution.First acrylonitrile polymers are placed in 60-100 degree baking oven and are carried out
Drying is removed water, the time is 12-24 hours.Acrylonitrile polymers are put into the blending tank equipped with polar organic solvent again,
Constant temperature stirring and dissolving 5-24 hours under 40-80 degree.Then processing is filtered to lysate using filter, obtains vinyl cyanide
Polymer solution.
(2) preparation of blend spinning stoste.Polyurethane solutions are mixed with acrylonitrile polymers solution, simultaneously
Lubricant, antioxidant, ultraviolet resistance auxiliary agent, dyeing assistant etc. is added to be cured, is stirred 24-48 hours in 40-60 degree constant temperature,
Obtain blend spinning stoste.
(3) mixes the dry spinning process of stoste.Blend spinning stoste is delivered to gear pump, then through spinneret orifice
Form stoste thread；Stoste thread evaporates organic solvent by the spinning shaft of 200-260 degree again and becomes as-spun fibre；At the beginning of these
Raw fiber through false-twisting device obvolvent bunchy, oils through conductive filament roller traction, the roller that oils again, finally winds to obtain by up- coiler
Product spandex.
Wherein:
Acrylonitrile polymers used by inventing are polyacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, acrylic nitrile-butadiene two
Alkene-styrol copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, Acrylonitrile/Acrylamide Copolymers, methyl methacrylate-propylene
One of lonitrile copolymer or multiple combinations.The mass number of acrylonitrile is greater than 20% in acrylonitrile polymers, preferably greater than
40%；The number-average molecular weight of acrylonitrile polymers is 50000-100000.
Polar solvent in invention for dissolving acrylonitrile polymers is formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylacetamide
The combination of one or both of amine, dimethylformamide, trifluoroacetic acid, methanol, ethyl alcohol, isopropanol.
The mass concentration of polyacrylonitrile quasi polymer solution is 5-50% in invention, and viscosity is 1000-3000 pool.
The mass concentration of polyurethane solutions is 32-40% in invention, and viscosity is 3000-5000 pool.
The mass ratio of polyacrylonitrile quasi polymer and polyurethane is 1/99 to 50/50 in invention.
Embodiment 1
Selecting 1.2Kg molecular weight is that 80,000 or so polyacrylonitrile powder is placed in 80 degree of oven dryings 24 hours.Again by poly- third
Alkene nitrile is put into 6.0Kg dimethyl acetamide, is warming up to 60 degree, high-speed stirred mixes 10 hours.Use 2000-3000 purpose
Filter is filtered lysate, obtains the polyacrylonitrile solution that viscosity is 3000 pools.Choosing 31.0kg mass fraction is
35%, viscosity is the polyurethane solutions of 4000 pools, is mixed with polyacrylonitrile solution, while lubricant, antioxidant, resistance to is added
Ultraviolet light auxiliary agent, dyeing assistant, 50 degree of constant temperature stir 24 hours, obtain blend spinning stoste.Blend spinning stoste is conveyed again
To gear pump, stoste thread is formed through spinneret orifice；The spinning shaft evaporation solvent that stoste thread passes through 240 degree again becomes just
Raw fiber；These as-spun fibres through false-twisting device obvolvent bunchy, oil, finally by rolling up again through conductive filament roller traction, the roller that oils
It winds to obtain the spandex sample 1 that fiber number is 40 denier around machine.
Embodiment 2
Method used by embodiment 2 is same as Example 1, only the dosage of polyacrylonitrile is selected to be changed to 2.7kg, by
This spandex obtained is denoted as sample 2.
Embodiment 3
Method used by embodiment 3 is same as Example 1, only the dosage of polyacrylonitrile is selected to be changed to 3.6kg, by
This spandex obtained is denoted as sample 3.
Embodiment 4
Method used by embodiment 4 is same as Example 1, and the acrylonitrile polymers only selected are changed to propylene
Nitrile-butadiene copolymer, dosage 2.7kg, thus obtained spandex are denoted as sample 4.
Embodiment 5
Method used by embodiment 5 is same as Example 1, and the acrylonitrile polymers only selected are changed to propylene
Nitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, dosage 2.7kg, thus obtained spandex are denoted as sample 5.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example sample 1 is the spandex product of conventional polyurethanes stoste spinning, does not add any vinyl cyanide polymerization
Object.
Each embodiment sample is subjected to the test of spandex mechanical stretch, specific performance indicator is as shown in the table:
1 embodiment sample of table and the contrast sample mechanical property table of comparisons (40D)
Indicate: modulus is to be stretched to spandex to stress value required when 300% elongation；
Resilience refers to elongation recovery percentage, resilience=(L1-L2)/(L1-L0) * 100%；L in formula0It is long for sample original；L1
The length after 300% elongation is stretched to for sample；L2For the reply length after sample drawn；
After dyeing and finishing resilience refer to by spandex sizing dyeing processing after tested obtained by elasticity numerical value.
Each embodiment sample is placed in high-speed air silk covering machine and large-scale tubular knitting machine to the packet carried out 12 hours
Yarn and weaving are tested, while recording the fracture of wire number of spandex, and specific experiment situation is as shown in the table:
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber, it is characterised in that the preparation method includes following step
It is rapid:
1) preparation of acrylonitrile polymers solution: first acrylonitrile polymers are placed in 60-100 DEG C of baking oven and are removed water
It is dry, then acrylonitrile polymers are put into the blending tank equipped with polar organic solvent, insulated and stirred is molten at 40-80 DEG C
Solution, is then filtered processing to lysate using filter, obtains acrylonitrile polymers solution；
2) preparation of blend spinning stoste: polyurethane solutions are mixed with acrylonitrile polymers solution, while profit is added
Lubrication prescription, antioxidant, ultraviolet resistance auxiliary agent, dyeing assistant are cured, and are stirred in 40-60 degree constant temperature, are obtained blend spinning stoste；
3) the dry spinning process of blend spinning stoste: blend spinning stoste is delivered to gear pump, then through spinneret orifice shape
At stoste thread；The spinning shaft evaporation organic solvent that stoste thread passes through 200-260 DEG C again becomes as-spun fibre；These are nascent
Fiber through false-twisting device obvolvent bunchy, oils, finally being wound by up- coiler is had again through conductive filament roller traction, the roller that oils
The elastomeric polyurethane fiber of high-modulus.
2. a kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
Used acrylonitrile polymers are polyacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) copolymerization
In object, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, Acrylonitrile/Acrylamide Copolymers or Methyl Methacrylate-acrylonitrile Copolymer
One or more combinations.
3. a kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
The mass fraction of acrylonitrile is greater than 20% in the acrylonitrile polymers, and the number-average molecular weight of acrylonitrile polymers is
50000-100000。
4. a kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The polar solvent for using dissolution acrylonitrile polymers is formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethyl acetamide, dimethyl formyl
The combination of one or both of amine, trifluoroacetic acid, methanol, ethyl alcohol or isopropanol.
5. a kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The mass concentration of the polyacrylonitrile quasi polymer solution is 5-50%, and viscosity is 1000-3000 pool.
6. a kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The mass concentration of the polyurethane solutions is 32-40%, and viscosity is 3000-5000 pool.
7. according to a kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber described in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
The mass ratio for stating polyacrylonitrile quasi polymer and polyurethane is 1/99 to 50/50.
8. according to a kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber described in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
It states and carries out water removal drying in baking oven, the time is 12-24 hours.
9. according to a kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber described in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
It states insulated and stirred at 40-80 DEG C to dissolve, the time is 5-24 hours.
10. according to a kind of preparation method with high-modulus high resilience polyurethane fiber described in claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
40-60 DEG C of constant temperature stirring is stated, the time is 24-48 hours.
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| CN201811228070.7A CN109355730B (en) | 2018-10-22 | 2018-10-22 | Preparation method of high-modulus high-elasticity polyurethane fiber |
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Cited By (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109957851A (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2019-07-02 | 四川大学 | One kind matter containing heavy metal biological-polymer composite fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN110791835A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-14 | 浙江华峰氨纶股份有限公司 | Preparation method of spandex fiber with low filament breakage rate |
| CN111826764A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-27 | 吴忠德悦纺织科技有限公司 | Preparation method of modified multi-component composite yarn |
| CN112430874A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-02 | 福建省百顺纺织实业有限公司 | Yarn processing technology |
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| CN110791835A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-14 | 浙江华峰氨纶股份有限公司 | Preparation method of spandex fiber with low filament breakage rate |
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| CN112430874A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-02 | 福建省百顺纺织实业有限公司 | Yarn processing technology |
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