CN109346850A - A kind of list is around spiral OAM antenna and spiral OAM antenna - Google Patents
A kind of list is around spiral OAM antenna and spiral OAM antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN109346850A CN109346850A CN201811285425.6A CN201811285425A CN109346850A CN 109346850 A CN109346850 A CN 109346850A CN 201811285425 A CN201811285425 A CN 201811285425A CN 109346850 A CN109346850 A CN 109346850A
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- coaxial feeder
- spiral
- antenna
- oam
- bowl
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000763 evoking effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
- H01Q19/13—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source being a single radiating element, e.g. a dipole, a slot, a waveguide termination
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
- H01Q11/08—Helical antennas
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/12—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave
- H01Q19/17—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces wherein the surfaces are concave the primary radiating source comprising two or more radiating elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
Abstract
The present invention relates to field of antenna more particularly to a kind of list around spiral OAM antenna and spiral OAM antenna.Antenna includes a metal spiral and bowl-type metallic reflection plate；Both coaxial feeder inner conductor one and coaxial feeder outer conductor one constitute whole coaxial feeder；It welds the bottom of coaxial feeder outer conductor one and bowl-type metallic reflection plate；Coaxial feeder inner conductor one and metal spiral weld, and bowl-type metallic reflection plate bottom is provided with hole, penetrates for coaxial feeder one.The utility model has the advantages that spiral OAM antenna proposed by the present invention, simple and compact for structure, size is smaller, while realizing higher gain, puts forth effort the contradiction for solving between OAM antenna miniaturization and gain；In addition, the antenna can also be multiplexed a variety of OAM mode by integrating the single around spiral of multiple and different sizes.To sum up, the present invention has very strong practical significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of antenna more particularly to a kind of list around spiral OAM antenna and spiral OAM antenna.
Background technique
Currently, the whole world enters information Internet age, and the business demand of wireless communication is growing, and radio spectrum resources are tight
Scarce problem also becomes increasingly conspicuous, and the various radio technologies for promoting spectrum utilization efficiency are come into being.It is wide with these technologies
General application has obtained larger growth with gradually maturation, the utilization rate of radio spectrum resources；But meanwhile the prior art (such as time-division,
Space division multiplexing technology, MIMO technology, order phase modulation etc.) be all based on frequency, phase, time, space, amplitude etc. these
The tradition of electromagnetic wave is multiplexed dimension to promote spectrum utilization efficiency；As these dimensions are fully developed increasingly, it is based on these
The modulation of dimension and coding techniques are difficult to that existing spectrum efficiency is allowed to have greatly improved again.However, the track risen recently
Conventional planar wave is but twisted into vortex electromagnetic wave by angular momentum (OrbitalAngularMomentum, OAM) communication technology, is used
Orthogonality between different modalities vortex electromagnetic wave provides completely new multiplexing dimension, significant increase spectrum efficiency.OAM it is considerable before
Scape makes the research and development of OAM antenna become current hotspot.
Currently, OAM antenna can be divided into the super surface of Homogeneous Circular array, spiral phase plate, electromagnetism and annular traveling wave antenna four
Class.Due to the vortex essence of OAM, there are center phase singular points for wave beam, thus always in the shape of hollow diverging, lead to it
Radiation energy is not concentrated.Therefore, in addition to array antenna and antenna with large-scale reflecting surface, the gain of existing OAM antenna is big
It is all very unsatisfactory.And on the other hand, according to array or large-scale reflection board structure, the size of antenna is just difficult to miniaturization.
However, existing list is considered as the compact uniform rectilinear of the one kind being made of annular traveling wave antenna around axial mode helical antenna
Battle array；Therefore, if changing the dimensional parameters of axial mode helical antenna, the travelling wave current ring array element for keeping its equivalent meets annular traveling wave
The condition for generating OAM, can realize a kind of array with higher gain OAM days in limited physics bore and section
Line, to solve the above problems.
On the other hand, relative to the operation wavelength in vacuum, the spiral interval S of axial mode helical antenna is smaller, and spiral is led
Body total length is larger, therefore axial mode helical antenna can be approximately to be made of the travelling wave current ring that N number of diameter is D with interval S
Uniform straight line array, wherein N is spiral the number of turns, and D is single turn screw diameter.Therefore, if adjusting D makes single turn spiral circumferenceMeetHelical antenna can be made to generate the OAM wave beam of modulus l.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of invention: it is preferably single around spiral OAM antenna and spiral OAM antenna in order to provide a kind of effect, specifically
Purpose is shown in multiple substantial technological effects of specific implementation part.
In order to reach purpose as above, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that:
A kind of list is around spiral OAM antenna, which is characterized in that antenna includes a metal spiral and bowl-type metallic reflection plate；
Both coaxial feeder inner conductor one and coaxial feeder outer conductor one constitute whole coaxial feeder；Coaxial feeder outer conductor one with
It welds the bottom of bowl-type metallic reflection plate；Coaxial feeder inner conductor one and metal spiral weld, and bowl-type metallic reflection plate bottom is opened
There is hole, is penetrated for coaxial feeder one.
The further technical solution of the present invention is that driving source can be presented through the coaxial feeder one to the metal spiral
Electricity can evoke corresponding current distribution on the metal spiral surface.
The further technical solution of the present invention is that the metal spiral overall length is longer compared to electromagnetic wavelength, metal spiral shell
Surface current approximation is revolved to be distributed in unreflected traveling wave；Metal spiral overall length, that is, single turn ring perimeter is multiplied by total contained by metal spiral
The number of turns.
A kind of spiral OAM antenna, which is characterized in that antenna includes two metal spirals and a bowl-type metallic reflection plate；
Both coaxial feeder inner conductor one and coaxial feeder outer conductor one constitute whole coaxial feeder one, coaxial feeder inner conductor two
Whole coaxial feeder two is constituted with two the two of coaxial feeder outer conductor；It is led outside coaxial feeder outer conductor one and coaxial feeder
It welds the bottom of body two and bowl-type metallic reflection plate；Coaxial feeder inner conductor one and coaxial feeder inner conductor two and metal spiral shell
1 welding of rotation, bowl-type metallic reflection plate bottom is driveed there are two hole, is penetrated for coaxial feeder.
It using the present invention of technical solution as above, has the advantages that compared with the existing technology: spiral shell proposed by the present invention
OAM antenna is revolved, simple and compact for structure, size is smaller, while realizing higher gain, puts forth effort solve OAM antenna miniaturization
Contradiction between gain；In addition, the antenna can also be multiplexed a variety of OAM moulds by integrating the single around spiral of multiple and different sizes
State.To sum up, the present invention has very strong practical significance.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to further illustrate the present invention, it is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1-1 and Fig. 1-2 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2-1 and Fig. 2-2 is the dimensional parameters figure of the embodiment of the present invention；Wherein, subscript i takes 1 or 2, respectively indicates
The size of the correspondence parameter of spiral 1 and spiral 2；
Fig. 3-1 and 3-2 is the vortex phase figure that antenna is generated in 4.8GHz (3-1 is that=2,3-2 is=3)；
Fig. 4-1 and Fig. 4-2 is the three-dimensional radiation directional diagram that antenna is generated in 4.8GHz (4-1 is that=2,4-2 is=3)；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention generates OAM；
Wherein: 1 metal spiral one, 2 metal spirals two, 3 bowl-type metallic reflection plates, 4 coaxial feeder outer conductors one, 5 are coaxial
Feeder line outer conductor two, 6 coaxial feeder inner conductors one, 7 coaxial feeder inner conductors two, 8 holes.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description, the present invention is furture elucidated, it should be understood that following specific embodiments are only
For illustrating the present invention rather than limiting the scope of the invention.In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " in
The orientation or position of the instructions such as the heart ", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outside", "top", "bottom"
Relationship is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than
The device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore cannot
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.Furthermore unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection "
It shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can be machinery
Connection, is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, two elements can also be can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Internal connection.For the ordinary skill in the art, it can understand above-mentioned term in the present invention with concrete condition
Concrete meaning.
This patent provides a variety of concomitant regimens, in place of different expression, belong to modified scheme based on basic scheme or
It is parallel type scheme.Every kind of scheme has the unique features of oneself.
Embodiment one:
A kind of list is around spiral OAM antenna, which is characterized in that antenna includes a metal spiral 1 and bowl-type metallic reflection plate
3；Both coaxial feeder inner conductor 1 and coaxial feeder outer conductor 1 constitute whole coaxial feeder；Coaxial feeder outer conductor
One 4 weld with the bottom of bowl-type metallic reflection plate 3；Coaxial feeder inner conductor 1 and metal spiral 1 weld, and bowl-type metal is anti-
It penetrates 3 bottom of plate and is provided with hole 8, penetrated for coaxial feeder one.
Driving source can be fed through the coaxial feeder one to the metal spiral 1, can be in 1 table of metal spiral
Evoke corresponding current distribution in face.Driving source is fed through the coaxial feeder to the spiral, will evoke phase in the helical surface
Answer current distribution.Since the spiral overall length (referring to single turn ring perimeter multiplied by total number of turns contained by spiral) is compared to electromagnetic wavelength
Longer, helical surface electric current approximation is distributed in unreflected traveling wave.Therefore, the spiral, which can be regarded as, is loaded with annular row by multiple
The loop antenna of wave electric current along the spiral 1 it is axial it is linearly evenly distributed be formed by aerial array, array number is equal to described
The number of turns of spiral 1.The theoretical analysis is loaded with the loop antenna of annular traveling wave electric current, if ring perimeter is the whole of current traveling wave wavelength
L times of number can generate the OAM that pattern count is l.Therefore, the single turn perimeter of spiral described in appropriate adjustment, can be in required frequency point
Generate the OAM of AD HOC number.
The further technical solution of the present invention is that 1 overall length of metal spiral is longer compared to electromagnetic wavelength, metal
1 surface current approximation of spiral is distributed in unreflected traveling wave；1 overall length of metal spiral, that is, single turn ring perimeter is multiplied by 1 institute of metal spiral
Containing total number of turns.
Embodiment two:
A kind of spiral OAM antenna, which is characterized in that antenna includes two metal spirals 1 and a bowl-type metallic reflection plate
3；Both coaxial feeder inner conductor 1 and coaxial feeder outer conductor 1 constitute whole coaxial feeder one, lead in coaxial feeder
Both body 27 and coaxial feeder outer conductor 25 constitute whole coaxial feeder two；Coaxial feeder outer conductor 1 and coaxial
It welds the bottom of feeder line outer conductor 25 and bowl-type metallic reflection plate 3；Coaxial feeder inner conductor 1 and coaxial feeder inner conductor
27 weld with metal spiral 1, and 3 bottom of bowl-type metallic reflection plate is driveed there are two hole 8, penetrate for coaxial feeder.
Embodiment one and embodiment two generate the OAM wave beam that pattern count is 3 and 2 respectively.
According to aforementioned principles, the spiral 1, spiral 2 single turn ring perimeter should be respectively ring upgoing wave electric current phase wavelength
3 times and 2 times.Optimized design is to generate the OAM wave beam of pattern count l=2 and 3 in 4.8GHz in this specific embodiment,
It is final to determine that each parameter size in Fig. 2-1, Fig. 2-2 is as follows: (unit: mm)
| L1 | L2 | H | d | S | D1 | D2 |
| 90 | 110 | 17 | 3 | 5 | 61.5 | 42.2 |
Simulation analysis has been carried out with commercialization finite element emulation software ANSYSHFSS to the embodiment.As shown in the picture, exist
4.8GHz, when feeding respectively to coaxial feeder 5 and coaxial feeder 4, the OAM which produces l=2 and l=3 respectively is vortexed
Phase coincide with theory analysis, has reached design object.As shown in figure 4, the antenna radiation pattern is in typical case under both modalities which
OAM hollow morphology, but hollow space is relatively narrow, and radiation energy is more concentrated.Meanwhile maximum gain up to 8.4dB (l=2) and
8.7dB (l=3), higher than most of existing OAM antennas under identical size.
In conjunction with Fig. 5:
It as shown is the loop aerial schematic diagram for being loaded with travelling wave current.In figure, θ is pitch angle,For azimuth；R is
The position vector of certain point P in far field, r ' are the position vector of certain point on loop aerial；R is the radius of annular traveling wave antenna.When
At l times of integer of ring Zhou Changwei traveling wave wavelength, current distribution is represented by ring
Wherein,It is each point electric current phasor on loop aerial with azimuthThe function of variation, I0For travelling wave current
Amplitude.In free space thus magnetic vector potential A (r) can be calculated as
Ring integral representation therein is integrated along loop aerial.Again by
It is available from and is by each component equation of electromagnetic field in space
Wherein, C is constant, C=-j-lRI0/2；Jl-1And Jl+1It is J respectivelyl-1(kRsin θ) and Jl+1The contracting of (kRsin θ)
It writes, indicates l-1 and l+1 rank Bessel function.H is magnetic field strength, and E is electric field strength, Eρ、HρIt is sat Deng for electric field, magnetic field in column
All directions component in mark system；ω is electromagnetism angular frequency, and k is wave number in free space, and ε is that the dielectric in free space is normal
Number.
In a creative way, above each effect is individually present, moreover it is possible to the combination of the above results is completed with a nested structure.
It is clear that the technical effect that the above structure is realized is realized, if the additional technical solution is not taken into account, this patent title is also
It can a kind of new antenna.Part details is not shown in the figure.
It should be noted that multiple schemes that this patent provides include basic scheme itself, independently of each other, not phase
It mutually restricts, but it can also be combined with each other in the absence of conflict, reach multiple effects and realize jointly.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of this field
Personnel should be recognized that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these
Changes and improvements are both fallen in claimed range.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of list is around spiral OAM antenna, which is characterized in that antenna includes a metal spiral (1) and bowl-type metallic reflection plate
(3)；Both coaxial feeder inner conductor one (6) and coaxial feeder outer conductor one (4) constitute whole coaxial feeder；Outside coaxial feeder
It welds the bottom of conductor one (4) and bowl-type metallic reflection plate (3)；Coaxial feeder inner conductor one (6) and metal spiral (1) are welded,
Bowl-type metallic reflection plate (3) bottom is provided with hole (8), penetrates for coaxial feeder one.
2. a kind of list as described in claim 1 is around spiral OAM antenna, which is characterized in that driving source is through the coaxial feeder one
It can be fed to the metal spiral (1), corresponding current distribution can be evoked on the metal spiral (1) surface.
3. a kind of list as described in claim 1 is around spiral OAM antenna, which is characterized in that metal spiral (1) overall length is compared
Longer in electromagnetic wavelength, metal spiral (1) surface current approximation is distributed in unreflected traveling wave；Metal spiral (1) overall length is
Single turn ring perimeter is multiplied by total number of turns contained by metal spiral (1).
4. a kind of spiral OAM antenna, which is characterized in that antenna includes two metal spirals (1) and a bowl-type metallic reflection plate
(3)；Both coaxial feeder inner conductor one (6) and coaxial feeder outer conductor one (4) constitute whole coaxial feeder one, coaxial feeder
Both inner conductor two (7) and coaxial feeder outer conductor two (5) constitute whole coaxial feeder two；Coaxial feeder outer conductor one (4)
And the bottom welding of coaxial feeder outer conductor two (5) and bowl-type metallic reflection plate (3)；Coaxial feeder inner conductor one (6) and
Coaxial feeder inner conductor two (7) and metal spiral (1) are welded, and bowl-type metallic reflection plate (3) bottom drives that there are two hole (8), for same
Feeder shaft penetrates.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811285425.6A CN109346850A (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2018-10-31 | A kind of list is around spiral OAM antenna and spiral OAM antenna |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811285425.6A CN109346850A (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2018-10-31 | A kind of list is around spiral OAM antenna and spiral OAM antenna |
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| CN109346850A true CN109346850A (en) | 2019-02-15 |
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| CN201811285425.6A Pending CN109346850A (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2018-10-31 | A kind of list is around spiral OAM antenna and spiral OAM antenna |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111276805A (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-06-12 | 浙江大学 | Method for generating structural electromagnetic wave beams based on partial circular ring traveling wave antenna theory |
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2018
- 2018-10-31 CN CN201811285425.6A patent/CN109346850A/en active Pending
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| CN102931490A (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2013-02-13 | 大连海事大学 | Axial-mode cylindrical helical antenna |
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| CN111276805A (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-06-12 | 浙江大学 | Method for generating structural electromagnetic wave beams based on partial circular ring traveling wave antenna theory |
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