CN107994355A - A kind of array antenna and its application method for suppressing the vortex electromagnetic wave energy angle of divergence - Google Patents
A kind of array antenna and its application method for suppressing the vortex electromagnetic wave energy angle of divergence Download PDFInfo
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- CN107994355A CN107994355A CN201711076814.3A CN201711076814A CN107994355A CN 107994355 A CN107994355 A CN 107994355A CN 201711076814 A CN201711076814 A CN 201711076814A CN 107994355 A CN107994355 A CN 107994355A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/22—Antenna units of the array energised non-uniformly in amplitude or phase, e.g. tapered array or binomial array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of array antenna and its application method for suppressing the vortex electromagnetic wave energy angle of divergence.The antenna includes：Base and mutiple antennas member；The multiple antenna element is identical helical antenna, and on the base, and the multiple antenna element is concentric is spacedly distributed circumferentially, to form circular array；The radius of the level cross-sectionn of each antenna element is equal with the radius of a circle.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an array antenna for inhibiting an energy divergence angle of vortex electromagnetic waves and a using method thereof, belonging to the field of antenna design.
Background
Up to now, the generation of vortex electromagnetic waves by antennas at home and abroad has become a mainstream method in the radio field. The mainstream antenna forms for generating vortex electromagnetic waves at present include a transmission spiral structure, a spiral reflection structure and an array antenna structure.
The transmission helical structure includes single step, multi-step and porous type helical phase structures. The method directly transmits common electromagnetic waves through the spiral phase plate, so that the electromagnetic waves have a distorted wave front structure by adding the phase factor to form vortex electromagnetic waves. The transmission spiral structure has high diffraction efficiency and simple structure principle, but the beam directivity is not ideal, and the suppression of the energy divergence angle is not facilitated.
The vortex reflecting surface structure can be divided into a step type reflecting surface and a spiral paraboloid, when a wave beam enters the reflecting surface, because the reflecting surface has a non-planar spiral structure, different areas of the wave front can cause adjacent parts of the wave beam to have a relative delay on the reflecting surface, and therefore the wave front distortion effect is achieved. 2011, b.tide et al have tried to verify the feasibility of OAM vortex electromagnetic waves for information transmission in a wireless communication system by using the structural antenna. The spiral reflection structure has the disadvantage that once the antenna structure is determined, only vortex electromagnetic waves of one mode can be generated, and vortex electromagnetic waves of multiple modes cannot be generated simultaneously.
An array antenna is an efficient and feasible method for generating vortex electromagnetic waves. The vortex electromagnetic wave of different modes is generated by adjusting the phase of a feed signal of each array element. The main currently used forms are dipole antenna arrays, time controlled array antennas and phased patch arrays.
In the microwave field, various generation methods have advantages and disadvantages, and reasonable design and improvement aiming at different use environments have important research values. Most of the current antenna designs for generating eddy electromagnetic waves are one or a combination of the three types. Because the energy of the vortex electromagnetic wave is mainly concentrated on the phase lobe, the energy singularity exists in the center of the electromagnetic wave, and the existence of the energy divergence angle enables the receiving end to provide a huge challenge for receiving signals, the large-range arrangement cost is high, and the application of the vortex electromagnetic wave is greatly limited.
In the OAM characteristic mode generation method commonly used internationally at present, no matter an antenna array mode is adopted, a phase plate mode or a spiral reflecting surface is adopted, and the problem of an energy divergence angle exists. The existence of energy singularities in the axial direction of the circular antenna array is an inherent characteristic of vortex electromagnetic waves, and the singularities cannot be eliminated. At present, no mature antenna capable of effectively suppressing the energy divergence angle is available.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows:
the array antenna overcomes the defects of the prior art, provides the array antenna for inhibiting the energy divergence angle of the vortex electromagnetic waves and the using method thereof, and solves the problem of the energy divergence angle in the process of generating the vortex electromagnetic waves by using the antenna, thereby solving the bottleneck problem of limiting the long-distance transmission of the vortex electromagnetic waves.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
an array antenna for suppressing the divergence angle of vortex electromagnetic wave energy, comprising: a base and a plurality of antenna elements;
the antenna elements are all the same spiral antennas and are arranged on the base, and the antenna elements are distributed on the circumference at equal intervals with the same axis to form a circular array;
the radius of the horizontal cross-section of each antenna element is equal to the radius of the circumference.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements isWherein,is the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements, N being the number of antenna elementsAmount, l is any positive integer.
According to an embodiment of the invention the current distribution of the antenna elements is jn＝jexp(iφn) Wherein j isnIs the current on the nth antenna element, j is the current of the excitation signal provided to the array antenna for suppressing the divergence angle of the energy of the vortex electromagnetic waves, phinThe phase of the nth antenna element is N-0, 1 … N-1.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the phase of the nth antenna element is
According to an embodiment of the invention, the number of antenna elements is 8.
A method of using an array antenna for suppressing the divergence angle of vortex electromagnetic wave energy, comprising the steps of:
s1, providing an excitation signal for each antenna element of the array antenna for inhibiting the divergence angle of the energy of the vortex electromagnetic waves;
s2, setting the phase of the nth antenna elementN is the number of antenna elements,is the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements;
s3, setting current distribution of multiple antenna elements as jn＝jexp(iφn) Wherein j isnJ is the current on the nth antenna element, j is the current of the excitation signal provided to the array antenna for restraining the divergence angle of the vortex electromagnetic wave energy, and N is 0 and 1 … N-1.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the phase difference between adjacent antenna elementsWherein l is any positive integer.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the number of antenna elements is 8.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the energy divergence angle of the vortex electromagnetic wave can be obviously inhibited.
(2) By changing the phase of the antenna elements, the energy singularities are eliminated.
(3) By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the problem of long-distance transmission of vortex electromagnetic waves can be solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an array antenna for suppressing the divergence angle of energy of a swirling electromagnetic wave according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
When the OAM characteristic mode is described by field distribution characteristics, each group of spiral phase distribution combination corresponds to an eigen-state of orbital angular momentum and is used for describing the state of the OAM characteristic mode, and different eigenvalues correspond to different phase distribution eigen-modes. The Fourier transform is performed on a signal whose abscissa is time and ordinate is amplitude, and the result of the transform is called the frequency domain characteristic of the signal. Similarly, a signal with an abscissa as an angle and an ordinate as an amplitude is subjected to fourier transform, and the result of the transform is referred to as the angular momentum domain characteristic of the signal. When the angular coordinate system is constructed in a plane perpendicular to the propagation direction of the electromagnetic wave, the characteristic of the angular momentum domain obtained after fourier transform is the eigenvalue of the so-called OAM characteristic mode.
The method for generating the vortex electromagnetic wave carrying the OAM characteristic mode by utilizing the antenna array is an efficient and feasible scheme. The antenna array may generally adopt a phased array, and the phase of each antenna element is controlled by the phased array. First, the antennas are distributed on the circumference at equal intervals to form a circular array, and then each antenna element carries different phases by a phase control method.
In the vortex electromagnetic wave generated by the array antenna, different from other existing methods, the vortex electromagnetic wave is generated by a method of changing the position of an energy singular point.
The spiral antenna is used as a single array element to generate vortex electromagnetic waves. The energy null point of the antenna array surface normal axis is the result that the resonance current on the array element is uniformly distributed around the axis to form the phased array antenna array. If this problem is to be solved, the resonant currents on the antenna array elements must be directed around the normal axis of the antenna array, and the type of antenna that can achieve this requirement is a helical antenna. The radiation field of the helical antenna is a circularly polarized wave, and has a wide band characteristic.
In an array antenna system, a beam forming technique is usually used to control the amplitude and phase of an excitation signal of each array element of an array antenna. When an antenna array is used to generate vortex electromagnetic waves, a phase shift network is required to complete the distribution of the phases of the excitation signals of different array elements. The Butler matrix phase shift network is adopted to realize multi-phase difference feed of the antenna array, so that multi-path signal OAM mode distribution is achieved, and vortex electromagnetic waves of various modes are generated at the same time.
As shown in fig. 1, the array antenna for suppressing the divergence angle of energy of a vortex electromagnetic wave according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a base and a plurality of antenna elements, each of the plurality of antenna elements is an identical helical antenna, and the plurality of antenna elements are mounted on the base and are distributed on a circumference at equal intervals coaxially to form a circular array, and a radius of a horizontal cross section of each antenna element is equal to a radius of the circumference. In the example, the number of antenna elements is 8.
The phase difference between adjacent antenna elements is as in the following equation (1):
wherein,is the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements, N is the number of antenna elements, and l is any positive integer.
Therefore, the phase of the nth antenna element is the following equation (2):
in the example, the number of antenna elements is 8, and thus, the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements is as the following equation (3):
the phase of the nth antenna element is the following equation (4):
the current distribution of the antenna element is the following equation (5):
jn＝jexp(iφn) (5)
wherein j isnIs the current on the nth antenna element, j is the current of the excitation signal provided to the array antenna for suppressing the divergence angle of the energy of the vortex electromagnetic waves, phinThe phase of the nth antenna element is N-0, 1 … N-1.
In an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a method for using an array antenna for suppressing a divergence angle of energy of vortex electromagnetic waves, including the following steps:
and S1, providing an excitation signal to each antenna element of the array antenna for inhibiting the divergence angle of the energy of the vortex electromagnetic waves.
S2, setting the phase of the nth antenna element to phin，φnAs shown in equation (2), in the example, N is 8, then phinAs shown in equation (4).
S3, setting current distribution of multiple antenna elements as jn，jnAs shown in equation (5), N is 0, 1 … N-1.
By the use method, the resonant current on the antenna array element surrounds the normal axis of the antenna array surface, so that the energy divergence angle of the vortex electromagnetic wave can be remarkably inhibited, and the problem of long-distance transmission of the vortex electromagnetic wave can be solved.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that those matters not described in detail in the present specification are well known in the art.
Claims (8)
1. An array antenna for suppressing the divergence angle of vortex electromagnetic wave energy, comprising: a base and a plurality of antenna elements;
the antenna elements are all the same spiral antennas and are arranged on the base, and the antenna elements are distributed on the circumference at equal intervals with the same axis to form a circular array;
the radius of the horizontal cross-section of each antenna element is equal to the radius of the circumference.
2. According to the rightThe array antenna for suppressing the divergence angle of energy of a vortex electromagnetic wave as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements isWherein,is the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements, N is the number of antenna elements, and l is any positive integer.
3. The array antenna for suppressing the divergence angle of vortex electromagnetic wave energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the current distribution of the antenna elements is jn＝jexp(iφn) Wherein j isnIs the current on the nth antenna element, j is the current of the excitation signal provided to the array antenna for suppressing the divergence angle of the energy of the vortex electromagnetic waves, phinThe phase of the nth antenna element is N-0, 1 … N-1.
4. The array antenna for suppressing the divergence angle of vortex electromagnetic wave energy as claimed in claim 4, wherein the phase of the nth antenna element is
5. The array antenna for suppressing the divergence angle of vortex electromagnetic wave energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the number of antenna elements is 8.
6. The use method of the array antenna for inhibiting the energy divergence angle of the vortex electromagnetic waves according to claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, providing an excitation signal for each antenna element of the array antenna for inhibiting the divergence angle of the energy of the vortex electromagnetic waves;
s2, setting the phase of the nth antenna elementN is the number of antenna elements,is the phase difference between adjacent antenna elements;
s3, setting current distribution of multiple antenna elements as jn＝jexp(iφn) Wherein j isnJ is the current on the nth antenna element, j is the current of the excitation signal provided to the array antenna for restraining the divergence angle of the vortex electromagnetic wave energy, and N is 0 and 1 … N-1.
7. The use method of the array antenna for inhibiting the energy divergence angle of the vortex electromagnetic wave according to claim 6, wherein the phase difference between the adjacent antenna elementsWherein l is any positive integer.
8. The use method of the array antenna for suppressing the energy divergence angle of the vortex electromagnetic wave according to claim 6, wherein the number of the antenna elements is 8.
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| CN201711076814.3A CN107994355B (en) | 2017-11-06 | 2017-11-06 | Array antenna for inhibiting vortex electromagnetic wave energy divergence angle and using method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109450497A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-08 | 中国运载火箭技术研究院 | A kind of jam-resistant communication system based on vortex electromagnetic wave |
| CN110350323A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-10-18 | 苏州迈斯维通信技术有限公司 | The design method of the super skin antenna of circular polarisation based on character modules analysis method |
| CN110994157A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-10 | 浙江科技学院 | Vortex-shaped array antenna of double-helix phase-shifting unit |
| CN111613895A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-01 | 南京理工大学 | Conformal OAM antenna combined with Butler matrix feed network |
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| GB2410130A (en) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-07-20 | Roke Manor Research | Planar phased array radio antenna for orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex modes |
| CN103812543A (en) * | 2014-01-27 | 2014-05-21 | 华中科技大学 | Method of improving wireless communication capacity by orbital angular momentum |
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| GB2410130A (en) * | 2004-01-19 | 2005-07-20 | Roke Manor Research | Planar phased array radio antenna for orbital angular momentum (OAM) vortex modes |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109450497A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-08 | 中国运载火箭技术研究院 | A kind of jam-resistant communication system based on vortex electromagnetic wave |
| CN110350323A (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2019-10-18 | 苏州迈斯维通信技术有限公司 | The design method of the super skin antenna of circular polarisation based on character modules analysis method |
| CN110994157A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-04-10 | 浙江科技学院 | Vortex-shaped array antenna of double-helix phase-shifting unit |
| CN110994157B (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2021-11-05 | 浙江科技学院 | Vortex-shaped array antenna of double-helix phase-shifting unit |
| CN111613895A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-09-01 | 南京理工大学 | Conformal OAM antenna combined with Butler matrix feed network |
| CN111613895B (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2022-04-01 | 南京理工大学 | Conformal OAM antenna combined with Butler matrix feed network |
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