CN107331957A - Mechanical reconfigurable array antenna produces the device and method of multi-modal orbital angular momentum - Google Patents
Mechanical reconfigurable array antenna produces the device and method of multi-modal orbital angular momentum Download PDFInfo
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- CN107331957A CN107331957A CN201710549509.5A CN201710549509A CN107331957A CN 107331957 A CN107331957 A CN 107331957A CN 201710549509 A CN201710549509 A CN 201710549509A CN 107331957 A CN107331957 A CN 107331957A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q21/293—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic one unit or more being an array of identical aerial elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means
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Abstract
The present invention proposes the device and method that a kind of mechanical reconfigurable array antenna produces multi-modal orbital angular momentum, it is intended to realize the mechanical reconfigurable characteristic of generation device, produces multi-modal orbital angular momentum.Generation device includes the feeding network being made up of first medium substrate, the first metal floor and microstrip power divider, the array antenna constituted along the Monobrachial spiral antenna element that loop configuration is arranged, wherein Monobrachial spiral radiant body can rotate around the coaxial line of lower section, realize the phase compensation characteristic of multi-modal orbital angular momentum；Electric signal passes through input, each output end and the coaxial line being connected with each output end of microstrip power divider, it is transferred to each Monobrachial spiral radiant body, by the way that Monobrachial spiral radiant body to be rotated to different angles in different directions, the phase compensation of varying number is provided to electric signal, the orbital angular momentum vortex wave beam of different modalities is produced, mechanical reconfigurable characteristic is realized.The present invention can be used for the transmitting and reception of information in the communication technology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless communication technology field, more particularly to a kind of mechanical reconfigurable array antenna produces multi-modal rail
The device and method of road angular momentum electromagnetism vortex ripple, available for radio frequency and microwave band.
Background technology
Due to the popularization of mobile intelligent terminal and developing rapidly for related Data Services technology, the wireless traffic demand is promoted to be in
Existing explosive growth.But, finiteness, exclusivity and the scarcity of radio spectrum resources significantly limit wireless communication technology
Development, be that successively to propose time division multiple acess (TDMA), CDMA (CDMA), OFDM (OFDM) etc. more by this people
Multiplexing technology is planted to improve the utilization rate of wireless frequency spectrum.But, the wireless communication technology since the Marconi epoch is main always
It is to carry out information transfer using the linear momentum of electromagenetic wave radiation in forms such as the amplitudes, phase, frequency of signal, and same
In time, same code domain frequency band can only transmission of one line information, its capacity proposes track angular motion already close to shannon limit
This new technology is measured to meet the demand of following mobile data.
Orbital angular momentum vortex ripple had obtained extensive research and application in recent years, but radio frequency and wireless communication field
Research relatively lags behind with application.Until 2007, the B.Thide of Sweden etc. with array antenna by producing orbital angular momentum
Method is successfully applied to Radio-Frequency Wireless Communication field, thus the application of OAM electromagnetism rotational field in wireless communications progressively into
For current study hotspot.Up to the present, the main method for producing orbital angular momentum wave beam is rotatable phase plate, spiral
Parabola and array antenna.
In this several scheme, rotatable phase plate is in the most widely used of optical band, and its feature is theoretical simple with structure
It is single, it can be encouraged with dual polarization, conversion efficiency is higher；But in frequency microwave wave band, the Angle of beam divergence that it is produced is larger unfavorable
In long-distance transmissions, reflection of the dielectric-slab to wave beam can reduce emission effciency, the problems such as multiplexing scheme is complicated limit this
The widely used scheme of optical frequencies.And spiral parabola is then that existing parabola antenna is bent into spiral into spiral camber, by
In paraboloidal convergence effect, the microwave orbital angular momentum wave beam of diverging can be converged, still, this structure is difficult that generation is more
The orbital angular momentum vortex wave beam of individual mode, and unstability is strong, be not easy to make.
Array antenna technique had obtained widely studied in recent years, and applied to many fields, such as communication, sensing, energy
Collection, radar etc., this also provides preferable theory to carry the vortex wave beam of orbital angular momentum using array antenna generation
And technical foundation.The thought that array antenna produces orbital angular momentum is based on phased array theory, that is, controls array antenna each unit
Amplitude and phase so that array integrally produces orbital angular momentum vortex ripple.The device that array antenna produces orbital angular momentum is general
Feeding network and planar array antenna are shifted to including work(point, shifts to feeding network to ensure N number of array antenna unit using work(point
Excitation amplitude it is equal, excitation phase difference Δ φlFor 2 π l/N, so as to produce corresponding mode l orbital angular momentum.
For example, the A of application publication number CN 106887718, entitled " one kind produces track angle based on super surface array antenna
The patent application of the device of momentum wave beam ", discloses a kind of based on super surface phased-array antenna generation orbital angular momentum wave beam
Device.The device includes phased array paster antenna, the phase shift work(point feeding network with metal tube and feeder line.Although the device
A kind of simple phased array antenna structure is creatively proposed, but power division network one is determined, and the device can only just produce one kind
The orbital angular momentum of mode, causes the apparatus function single, the device in order to ensure the phase relation between different array elements,
In feeding network to shift to device essential, cause the device feeding network complicated；And for example application publication number CN 106058490
A kind of A, the patent application of entitled " method for producing vortex electromagnetic wave ", discloses the array that a kind of utilization array element sum is N
The method that antenna produces vortex electromagnetic wave.This method produces different modalities l by adjusting array element number and array element arrangement mode
Orbital angular momentum.Although this method array element form is not limited, flexibly, this method is producing different moulds to array arrangement mode
, it is necessary to redesign array element structure and arrangement mode during the orbital angular momentum of state, cause design process complicated.
In summary, existing array antenna produces the technology of orbital angular momentum, and a device can only produce mode
Orbital angular momentum, and feeding network is complicated, when producing the orbital angular momentum of different modalities, it is necessary to redesign array element structure and
, there is the problem of design process is complicated, so as to limit extensive use of the technology in microwave frequency band in arrangement mode.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art is present, it is proposed that a kind of mechanical reconfigurable array day
Line produces the device and method of multi-modal orbital angular momentum, it is intended to realize the mechanical reconfigurable characteristic of generation device, produces multimode
State orbital angular momentum.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme taken of the present invention is：
A kind of mechanical reconfigurable array antenna produces the device of multi-modal orbital angular momentum, including feeding network and positioned at it
The array antenna of top, the feeding network, including first medium substrate 1 and the first metal floor 2 for being printed on its upper surface,
The array antenna, including N number of Monobrachial spiral antenna element 3 being fixed on above feeding network, form cyclic structure, for spoke
Orbital angular momentum vortex ripple is penetrated, wherein, 4≤N≤14, and be integer；The Monobrachial spiral antenna element 3 includes Monobrachial spiral spoke
Beam 31 and coaxial line 32, the Monobrachial spiral radiant body 31 can rotate around coaxial line 32, for realizing multi-modal track angular motion
The phase compensation characteristic of amount；The lower surface of the first medium substrate 1 is printed with microstrip power divider 4, and its each output port passes through
Coaxial line 32, is that N number of Monobrachial spiral radiant body 31 provides excitation of the constant amplitude with phase.
Above-mentioned mechanical reconfigurable array antenna produces the device of multi-modal orbital angular momentum, the cyclic structure, its radius
For R1, 0.8 λ≤R1≤ 1.4 λ, wherein, the wavelength of frequency centered on λ, and the axis and the axis weight of feeding network of cyclic structure
Close.
Above-mentioned mechanical reconfigurable array antenna produces the device of multi-modal orbital angular momentum, it is characterised in that described N number of
Monobrachial spiral radiant body 31, in same level.
Above-mentioned mechanical reconfigurable array antenna produces the device of multi-modal orbital angular momentum, it is characterised in that the list
Arm spiral radiation body 31 includes micro-strip spiral arm 311, resistance 312, second medium substrate 313 and matching disk 314, the micro-strip
Spiral arm 311 uses left-handed or right-handed spiral configuration, is printed on the upper surface of second medium substrate 313, the resistance 312 is welded on micro-
Tail end with spiral arm 311, matching disk 314 is fixed on the center of the lower surface of second medium substrate 313；Wherein micro-strip spiral shell
The number of turns of spiral arm 311 is t, 3≤t≤4, and the resistance of resistance 312 is Z, 140 Ω≤Z≤180 Ω, the half of second medium substrate 313
Footpath is R2, 0.3 λ≤R2≤ 0.6 λ, wherein, the wavelength of frequency centered on λ.
Above-mentioned mechanical reconfigurable array antenna produces the device of multi-modal orbital angular momentum, it is characterised in that described
With disk 314, including the 3rd medium substrate and the second metal floor for being printed on the 3rd medium substrate lower surface.
A kind of method that mechanical reconfigurable array antenna produces multi-modal orbital angular momentum, comprises the following steps：
(1) mode l, the number N of Monobrachial spiral antenna element of orbital angular momentum are given, and calculates adjacent Monobrachial spiral day
Phase difference φ between line unitl；
(2) determine Monobrachial spiral radiant body around the direction of rotation of coaxial line：
When micro-strip spiral arm uses right-handed spiral configuration, according to the mode l of orbital angular momentum, determine single wall spiral radiation body around same
The direction of rotation of axis, during l ＞ 0, rotate counterclockwise during l ＜ 0, turns clockwise；
When micro-strip spiral arm uses left-handed spiral configuration, according to the mode l of orbital angular momentum, determine single wall spiral radiation body around same
The direction of rotation of axis, during l ＞ 0, turns clockwise, during l ＜ 0, rotate counterclockwise；
(3) anglec of rotation n Δ φ of the Monobrachial spiral radiant body around coaxial line is determinedl：
Choose on the basis of any one in N number of Monobrachial spiral radiant body, determine each Monobrachial spiral radiant body around coaxial line
Anglec of rotation n Δs φl, wherein, n represents the sequence number that Monobrachial spiral radiant body is arranged along cyclic structure, and n=0,1,
2 ..., N-1；
(4) Monobrachial spiral radiant body is rotated around coaxial line：
According to Monobrachial spiral radiant body around the direction of rotation of coaxial line and anglec of rotation n Δs φl, with N number of Monobrachial spiral
Sequence number n=0 radiant body is starting point in radiant body, along cyclic structure clockwise or counterclockwise, successively by each Monobrachial spiral spoke
Beam rotates n Δs φ around coaxial linelDegree；
(5) the orbital angular momentum vortex wave beam that mode is l is obtained：
Electric signal passes through input, each output end and the coaxial line being connected with each output end of microstrip power divider, transmission
To each Monobrachial spiral radiant body, after the quantity that acquisition array antenna is provided is 2 π l phase compensation, the track that mode is l is produced
Angular Momentum Vortex wave beam.
The present invention compared with prior art, with advantages below：
1) phase compensation of the present invention due to producing multi-modal orbital angular momentum, is by the N to be arranged along cyclic structure
On the basis of any one in individual Monobrachial spiral radiant body, along cyclic structure clockwise or counterclockwise, successively by each single armed spiral shell
Rotation radiant body rotates n Δs φ around coaxial linelWhat degree was realized, when producing the orbital angular momentum of different modalities, it is only necessary to adjust edge
N number of Monobrachial spiral radiant body of cyclic structure arrangement is around the direction of rotation of each coaxial line and the anglec of rotation, compared with prior art,
Realize mechanical reconfigurable characteristic.
2) amplitude is equal, phase differs Δ φ successively being provided for N number of Monobrachial spiral antenna element by the present inventionlExcitation
When, it is necessary to which using N number of n Δs φ can be rotated successively around each coaxial line along cyclic structure clockwise or counterclockwiselThe single armed spiral shell of degree
Radiant body and microstrip power divider are revolved, compared with existing generation device, the structure of feeding network is simplified.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram for the device embodiment 1 that the present invention produces multi-modal orbital angular momentum；
Fig. 2 is the method implementation process figure that the present invention produces multi-modal orbital angular momentum；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of Monobrachial spiral antenna element in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 4 is the S parameter characteristic schematic diagram that the present invention implements mechanical reconfigurable array antenna in example 1；
Fig. 5 is that the present invention implements the axle of mechanical reconfigurable array antenna in example 1 than AR characteristic schematic diagrames；
Fig. 6 is that the present invention implements the far field three-dimensional radiation side that mechanical reconfigurable array antenna in example 1 produces mode l=1
Xiang Tu；
Fig. 7 is theoretical mode l=1 far field three-dimensional radiation directional diagram；
Fig. 8 is that the present invention implements the electric field phase distribution map that mechanical reconfigurable array antenna in example 1 produces mode l=1；
Fig. 9 is theoretical mode l=1 orbital angular momentum electric field phase curve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment, the invention will be further described：
Embodiment 1：
A kind of reference picture 1, mechanical reconfigurable array antenna produces the device of multi-modal orbital angular momentum, including first medium
Substrate 1, the first metal floor 2, Monobrachial spiral antenna element 3 and microstrip power divider 4.First medium substrate 1 uses dielectric constant
For 2.65, radius L1For 200mm circular media material, its thickness h1For 1mm；It is printed with the upper surface of first medium substrate 1
First metal floor 2, the shapes and sizes of first metal floor 2 are identical with first medium substrate 1；In first medium substrate 1
Be fixedly arranged above N=8 Monobrachial spiral antenna element 3, wherein, the N=8 Monobrachial spiral antenna element 3 is located at distance the
The height S of one metal floor 2 is in 35mm same level, and along radius R1For 120mm circumferential arrangement, ring-type knot is formed
Structure, and the axis of cyclic structure overlaps with the axis of first medium substrate 1；It is printed with the lower surface of first medium substrate 1 micro-
Band power splitter 4, each output port of the microstrip power divider 4, by coaxial line 32, is that N number of Monobrachial spiral radiant body 31 provides constant amplitude
Symmetrical centre with the excitation of phase, and microstrip power divider 4 is overlapped with the center of circle of first medium substrate 1；Producing different modalities l's
During orbital angular momentum, the N=8 Monobrachial spirals radiant body 31 of cyclic structure arrangement, by wherein on the basis of any one, along ring-type knot
Each Monobrachial spiral radiant body 31 clockwise or counterclockwise, is rotated different angles around coaxial line 32 by structure successively, is produced different
The phase compensation of mode l orbital angular momentums, realizes the mechanical reconfigurable characteristic of device.
Monobrachial spiral radiant body 31, its structure are as shown in figure 3, including micro-strip spiral arm 311, resistance 312, second medium base
Plate 313 and matching disk 314, the micro-strip spiral arm 311 use right-handed spiral configuration, and number of turns t=3.5 is printed on second medium base
The upper surface of plate 313, and center and the center superposition of second medium substrate 313 of micro-strip spiral arm 311；In micro-strip spiral arm
311 tail end is welded with resistance Z=160 Ω resistance 312；The second medium substrate 313 uses dielectric constant for 2.65, radius
R2For 33mm circular media material, its thickness h2For 1mm；It is fixed with the center of the lower surface of second medium substrate 313
With disk 314.Matching disk 314 includes the 3rd medium substrate and the second metal floor；3rd medium substrate uses dielectric constant
For 2.65, radius R3For 10mm circular media material, its thickness h3For 2mm；Is printed with the lower surface of the 3rd medium substrate
Two metal floors, the shapes and sizes of second metal floor are identical with the 3rd medium substrate.
Provided with N=8 via on first medium substrate 1, its position is attached in 8 output ports of microstrip power divider respectively
Closely, the immediate vicinity of the medium substrate of second medium substrate 313 and the 3rd is provided with via, the lower end of the inner core of coaxial line 32 is passed through
Via on first medium substrate 1, upper end connects micro-strip through the via on the medium substrate of second medium substrate 313 and the 3rd
Each output port of power splitter 4 and each micro-strip spiral arm 311, realize that carry out constant amplitude to each Monobrachial spiral radiant body 31 feeds in the same direction
Characteristic；The first metal floor 2 is connect under the outer core of coaxial line 32, the second metal floor is above connect, characteristic altogether is realized.
Reference picture 2, a kind of method that mechanical reconfigurable array antenna produces multi-modal orbital angular momentum, including following step
Suddenly：
Step 1：Given parameters l, N, calculate phase difference φl：
The number N=8 of given Monobrachial spiral antenna, according to-N/2 ＜ l ＜ N/2, and l is nonzero integer, and the present embodiment can
To produce mode l as 1 or 2 or 3 or -1 or -2 or -3 orbital angular momentum, only illustrated below by taking l=1 as an example：
According to formula Δ φl=2 π l/N, calculate the phase difference φ between adjacent Monobrachial spiral antenna elementl=1=2 π
× 1/8=π/4；
Step 2：Determine Monobrachial spiral radiant body around the direction of rotation of coaxial line：
Right-handed spiral configuration is used according to micro-strip spiral arm, the mode l=1 ＞ 0 of orbital angular momentum determine Monobrachial spiral radiant body
Around coaxial line rotate counterclockwise；
Step 3：Determine anglec of rotation n Δ φ of the Monobrachial spiral radiant body around coaxial linel：
Choose on the basis of any one in N=8 Monobrachial spiral radiant body, determine each Monobrachial spiral radiant body around coaxial
The anglec of rotation n Δs φ of linelRespectively 0 °, 45 °, 90 °, 135 °, 180 °, 225 °, 270 °, 315 °, wherein, n represents single armed
The sequence number that spiral radiation body is arranged along cyclic structure, and n=0,1,2 ..., 7；
Step 4：Monobrachial spiral radiant body is rotated around coaxial line：
Radiant body using sequence number n=0 in N=8 Monobrachial spiral radiant body is starting point, along cyclic structure counterclockwise, by sequence
Number n=1 radiant body is around 45 ° of coaxial line rotate counterclockwise, and sequence number n=2 radiant body is around 90 ° of coaxial line rotate counterclockwise, sequence
Number n=3 radiant body around 135 ° of coaxial line rotate counterclockwise, sequence number n=4 radiant body around 180 ° of coaxial line rotate counterclockwise,
Sequence number n=5 radiant body is around 225 ° of coaxial line rotate counterclockwise, and sequence number n=6 radiant body is around coaxial line rotate counterclockwise
270 °, sequence number n=7 radiant body is around 315 ° of coaxial line rotate counterclockwise；
Step 5：Obtain the orbital angular momentum vortex wave beam that mode is l=1：
Electric signal passes through input, each output end and the coaxial line being connected with each output end of microstrip power divider, transmission
To each Monobrachial spiral radiant body, when electric signal obtains phase compensation of the quantity of array antenna offer for 2 π, so as to generate mould
State l=1 orbital angular momentum vortex wave beam.
When the present embodiment produces mode l=2 orbital angular momentum, each Monobrachial spiral radiant body is on mode l=1 basis
On, around many rotations 45 counterclockwise of each coaxial line；
When the present embodiment produces mode l=3 orbital angular momentum, each Monobrachial spiral radiant body is on mode l=1 basis
On, it is rotated by 90 ° counterclockwise around each coaxial line more；
When the present embodiment produces mode l=-1 orbital angular momentum, according to the mode l=-1 ＜ 0 of orbital angular momentum, it is determined that
Monobrachial spiral radiant body turns clockwise around coaxial line, using the radiant body of sequence number n=0 in N=8 Monobrachial spiral radiant body as rise
Point, along cyclic structure counterclockwise, 45 is turned clockwise by sequence number n=1 radiant body around coaxial line, sequence number n=2 radiant body around
Coaxial line turns clockwise 90 °, and sequence number n=3 radiant body turns clockwise 135 ° around coaxial line, sequence number n=4 radiant body around
Coaxial line turns clockwise 180, and sequence number n=5 radiant body turns clockwise 225 ° around coaxial line, sequence number n=6 radiant body around
Coaxial line turns clockwise 270 °, and sequence number n=7 radiant body turns clockwise 315 ° around coaxial line；
When the present embodiment produces mode l=-2 orbital angular momentum, base of each Monobrachial spiral radiant body in mode l=-1
On plinth, around many 45 ° of the rotations clockwise of each coaxial line；
When the present embodiment produces mode l=-3 orbital angular momentum, base of each Monobrachial spiral radiant body in mode l=-1
On plinth, it is rotated by 90 ° clockwise around each coaxial line more；
Embodiment 2：
Embodiment 2 is identical with the structure of embodiment 1, and only following parameter is adjusted.
The number N=4 of Monobrachial spiral antenna element, the radius R of cyclic structure1=80mm, the number of turns of micro-strip spiral arm 311
T=3, the resistance Z=140 Ω of resistance 312, the radius of second medium substrate 313 is R2=25mm.
Embodiment 3：
Embodiment 3 is identical with the structure of embodiment 1, and only following parameter is adjusted.
The number N=14 of Monobrachial spiral antenna element, the R of cyclic structure1=140mm, the number of turns t of micro-strip spiral arm 311
=4, the resistance Z=180 Ω of resistance 312, the radius of second medium substrate 313 is R2=48mm.
Below in conjunction with emulation experiment, the technique effect of the present invention is further illustrated：
1st, simulated conditions and content：
Simulation calculation is carried out in the range of 2-5GHz to the S parameter of embodiment 1 using Ansys HFSS softwares, as a result as schemed
Shown in 4.
Simulation calculation is carried out in the range of 2-5GHz than AR to the axle of embodiment 1 using Ansys HFSS softwares, as a result such as
Shown in Fig. 5.
The mode l=1 far fields three-dimensional radiation directional diagram of embodiment 1 is carried out at 2.7GHz using Ansys HFSS softwares
Emulation, as a result as shown in Figure 6.
The mode l=1 of embodiment 1 electric field phase is emulated at 2.7GHz using Ansys HFSS softwares, tied
Fruit is as shown in Figure 8.
2nd, analysis of simulation result：
Reference picture 4, apparatus of the present invention are in S11During more than 10dB, the working band with 3.38-4.52, relative bandwidth
29%, and the existing array antenna structure for producing orbital angular momentum, its bandwidth of operation illustrate that the present invention is mechanical within 10%
The bandwidth of reconfigurable arrays antenna holds big lead over existing array antenna, improves operating efficiency.
Reference picture 5, apparatus of the present invention are when axle is less than 3dB than AR, the working band with 2.72-3.82, relative bandwidth
34%, and the existing array antenna structure for producing orbital angular momentum, its axle is typically greater than 3dB than AR, illustrates machine of the present invention
Tool reconfigurable arrays antenna can produce circular polarisation orbital angular momentum in wider frequency band, so as to be conducive to avoiding polarization from losing
Match somebody with somebody, reduce multipath reflection.
Fig. 6 is that the present invention implements the far field three-dimensional radiation side that mechanical reconfigurable array antenna in example 1 produces mode l=1
Xiang Tu, consistent with mode l=1 theoretical shown in Fig. 7 far field three-dimensional radiation directional diagram, comparison diagram 6 and Fig. 7 show the present invention
Method can produce mode l=1 high-gain orbital angular momentum vortex ripple.
Fig. 8 is that the present invention implements the electric field phase distribution map that mechanical reconfigurable array antenna in example 1 produces mode l=1,
Consistent with mode l=1 theoretical shown in Fig. 9 orbital angular momentum electric field phase curve, comparison diagram 8 and Fig. 9 show present invention side
Method can produce mode l=1 orbital angular momentum vortex ripple.
Above simulation result explanation utilizes apparatus of the present invention and method, can produce multi-modal, high-gain track angular motion
Measure vortex ripple.
Above description and examples, are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, do not constitute any limitation of the invention, it is clear that right
, all may be in the original based on the present invention after present invention and design principle has been understood for one of skill in the art
In the case of reason and structure, the various modifications and variations in formal and details are carried out, but these are based on inventive concept
Modifications and variations are still within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of mechanical reconfigurable array antenna produces the device of multi-modal orbital angular momentum, including feeding network and disposed thereon
The array antenna of side, the feeding network, including first medium substrate (1) and the first metal floor for being printed on its upper surface
(2), it is characterised in that：The array antenna, including N number of Monobrachial spiral antenna element (3) being fixed on above feeding network, shape
Circlewise structure, for radiating orbital angular momentum vortex ripple, wherein, 4≤N≤14, and be integer；The Monobrachial spiral antenna list
First (3) include Monobrachial spiral radiant body (31) and coaxial line (32), and the Monobrachial spiral radiant body (31) can be around coaxial line (32)
Rotation, the phase compensation characteristic for realizing multi-modal orbital angular momentum；The lower surface of the first medium substrate (1) is printed with
Microstrip power divider (4), its each output port, by coaxial line (32), is that N number of Monobrachial spiral radiant body (31) provides the same phase of constant amplitude
Excitation.
2. mechanical reconfigurable array antenna according to claim 1 produces the device of multi-modal orbital angular momentum, its feature
It is, the cyclic structure, its radius is R1, 0.8 λ≤R1≤ 1.4 λ, wherein, the wavelength of frequency centered on λ, and cyclic structure
Axis overlapped with the axis of feeding network.
3. mechanical reconfigurable array antenna according to claim 1 produces the device of multi-modal orbital angular momentum, its feature
It is, N number of Monobrachial spiral radiant body (31), in same level.
4. mechanical reconfigurable array antenna according to claim 1 produces the device of multi-modal orbital angular momentum, its feature
Be, the Monobrachial spiral radiant body (31) include micro-strip spiral arm (311), resistance (312), second medium substrate (313) and
Disk (314) is matched, the micro-strip spiral arm (311) uses left-handed or right-handed spiral configuration, is printed on second medium substrate (313)
Upper surface, the resistance (312) is welded on the tail end of micro-strip spiral arm (311), and matching disk (314) is fixed on second medium base
The center of plate (313) lower surface；Wherein the number of turns of micro-strip spiral arm (311) is t, 3≤t≤4, the resistance of resistance (312)
For Z, the Ω of 140 Ω≤Z≤180, the radius of second medium substrate (313) is R2, 0.3 λ≤R2≤ 0.6 λ, wherein, frequency centered on λ
The wavelength of rate.
5. mechanical reconfigurable array antenna according to claim 4 produces the device of multi-modal orbital angular momentum, its feature
It is, the matching disk (314), including the 3rd medium substrate and the second metal for being printed on the 3rd medium substrate lower surface
Plate.
6. a kind of method that mechanical reconfigurable array antenna produces multi-modal orbital angular momentum, comprises the following steps：
(1) mode l, the number N of Monobrachial spiral antenna element of orbital angular momentum are given, and calculates adjacent Monobrachial spiral antenna list
Phase difference φ between memberl；
(2) determine Monobrachial spiral radiant body around the direction of rotation of coaxial line：
When micro-strip spiral arm uses right-handed spiral configuration, according to the mode l of orbital angular momentum, determine Monobrachial spiral radiant body around coaxial line
Direction of rotation, during l ＞ 0, rotate counterclockwise during l ＜ 0, turns clockwise；
When micro-strip spiral arm uses left-handed spiral configuration, according to the mode l of orbital angular momentum, determine Monobrachial spiral radiant body around coaxial line
Direction of rotation, during l ＞ 0, turn clockwise, during l ＜ 0, rotate counterclockwise；
(3) anglec of rotation n Δ φ of the Monobrachial spiral radiant body around coaxial line is determinedl：
Choose on the basis of any one in N number of Monobrachial spiral radiant body, determine rotation of each Monobrachial spiral radiant body around coaxial line
Gyration n Δs φl, wherein, n represents the sequence number that Monobrachial spiral radiant body is arranged along cyclic structure, and n=0,1,2 ..., N-
1；
(4) Monobrachial spiral radiant body is rotated around coaxial line：
According to Monobrachial spiral radiant body around the direction of rotation of coaxial line and anglec of rotation n Δs φl, with N number of Monobrachial spiral radiant body
Middle sequence number n=0 radiant body be starting point, along cyclic structure clockwise or counterclockwise, successively by each Monobrachial spiral radiant body around
Coaxial line rotation n Δs φlDegree；
(5) the orbital angular momentum vortex wave beam that mode is l is obtained：
Electric signal passes through input, each output end and the coaxial line being connected with each output end of microstrip power divider, is transferred to each
Monobrachial spiral radiant body, after the quantity that acquisition array antenna is provided is 2 π l phase compensation, produces the track angular motion that mode is l
Measure vortex wave beam.
7. mechanical reconfigurable array antenna according to claim 6 produces the method for multi-modal orbital angular momentum, its feature
It is, the phase difference φ between the adjacent Monobrachial spiral antenna element of calculating described in step (1)l, calculation formula is：
Δφl=2 π l/N
Wherein ,-N/2 ＜ l ＜ N/2,4≤N≤14, and l are nonzero integer, and N is integer.
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