CN109333715A - A kind of method of the co-melting system collaboration heat treatment improved wood of inorganic salts-metal - Google Patents
A kind of method of the co-melting system collaboration heat treatment improved wood of inorganic salts-metal Download PDFInfo
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- CN109333715A CN109333715A CN201811327395.0A CN201811327395A CN109333715A CN 109333715 A CN109333715 A CN 109333715A CN 201811327395 A CN201811327395 A CN 201811327395A CN 109333715 A CN109333715 A CN 109333715A
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- inorganic salts
- metal
- melting
- heat treatment
- melting system
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/04—Impregnating in open tanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
- B27K3/32—Mixtures of different inorganic impregnating agents
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of the co-melting system collaboration heat treatment improved wood of inorganic salts-metal, its method is that one or more low-melting alloys are heated to molten condition to obtain metal bath, low melting point inorganic salts are added into metal bath again, form the co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal, then wood sample is immersed in the above-mentioned co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal, obtains improved wood after reacting a period of time at a certain temperature.The present invention is using low-melting alloy as heat medium, different classes of low melting point salt is added simultaneously, form the co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal, chemical modification and physical modification can be carried out simultaneously to timber, effectively prevent the shortcomings that conventional procedure needs point multi step strategy timber, again can recycled for multiple times, reduce timber heat transfer medium heat during filling and taking-up a large amount of losses.Present invention process is simple, environmentally protective, easy to operate, highly-safe, can become a kind of new technology for being heat-treated improved wood of excellent processability, low-carbon, ecology.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to heat_treated wood and Wooden modifying fields, and in particular to a kind of co-melting system association of inorganic salts-metal
With the method for heat treatment improved wood.
Background technique
Due to the scarcity of timber resources, the timber heat modification technology for improving wood performance by being heat-treated is today's society
Expand the effective ways that timber uses field.Timber heat modification refers in different heat mediums, and timber is placed in 160-250
DEG C hot environment in, by controlling different reaction condition, to realize the modification to timber.It is heat-treated the performance to timber
With significantly being promoted, including equilibrium moisture content is reduced, improves timber natural durability and dimensional stability etc..
In recent years, the Heat-Treated Wood based on different heat treatment technology and different heating medium has obtained widely grinding
Study carefully.Temperature and processing time in heat treatment process are to determine two most important factors of heat-treated wood performance.Heat treatment
" heat " causes the form of this energy variation and method varied from being a kind of form of energy in the broadest sense, except it is traditional with
Outside the form that various heat mediums (water, oil, inert gas etc.) are heat-treated timber, some scholars propose that it can be passed through
His form (such as electromagnetic wave, sootiness are heat-treated), which generates thermal energy, makes timberphysics and chemical property change, with completion pair
The raising and improvement of the hydrophobicity, dimensional stability and weatherability of timber.Timber is carried out using these traditional heat mediums
When heat treatment, the heat of heat transfer medium is easy to distribute during handling material filling and taking out, and the processing material of latter batch need to
Fresh heat medium to be provided again, therefore has the shortcomings that energy consumption is high.In addition, traditional wood chemical modification and heat treatment is
What substep carried out, timber is soaked in chemical reagent first, so that chemical reagent is immersed timber by the means such as pressurizeing or heating
Inside is then heat-treated, time-consuming to achieve the purpose that process is cumbersome to the chemical modification and physical modification of timber.This hair
It is bright that a kind of method based on the co-melting system collaboration heat treatment improved wood of inorganic salts-metal is provided.Utilize low-melting alloy (fusing point
Between 50-200 DEG C) it is used as heat medium, while adding different classes of low melting point salt (copper of the fusing point between 50-200 DEG C
Salt, nitrate, phosphate or salt-mixture etc.), form it into the co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal.In entirely collaboration heat treatment process
In, chemical modification and physical modification can be carried out simultaneously to timber, effectively prevent conventional procedure and need a point multi step strategy timber
The shortcomings that.Meanwhile compared to heat transfer medium commonly used in the prior art (vapor, inert gas, biological fuel gas), it is inorganic
The co-melting system of salt-metal can recycled for multiple times, avoid conventional process timber heat transfer medium during filling and taking-up
A large amount of losses of heat.Present invention process is simple, environmentally protective, easy to operate, highly-safe, and it is excellent can to become processability
A kind of new technology for being heat-treated improved wood of different, low-carbon, ecology.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art problem, provides a kind of co-melting system collaboration heat treatment improved wood of inorganic salts-metal
Method, this method simple process is environmentally protective, easy to operate, highly-safe.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of method of the co-melting system collaboration heat treatment improved wood of inorganic salts-metal, the described method comprises the following steps:
(1) one or more low-melting alloys are heated to molten condition and obtain metal bath, it is inorganic that low melting point is added into metal bath
Salt forms inorganic salts-metal bath system；
(2) in the inorganic salts that wood sample is immersed in step (1)-metal bath system, when reacting one section at a certain temperature
Between after obtain improved wood.
Further, ingredient contained by low-melting alloy is as mass fraction in step (1) are as follows: and bismuth 0 ~ 55.5%, lead 0 ~
50%, tin 0 ~ 80%, cadmium 0 ~ 33% and indium 0 ~ 21%, the sum of each component are 100%.
Further, the ingredient of above-mentioned low-melting alloy and its fusing point are as shown in the table:
Further, low melting point inorganic salts are single low melting point salt or low melting point mixed melting salt in step (1).
Further, the single low melting point salt is copper nitrate, cadmium nitrate, cerous nitrate, ferrous sulfate and sodium hypophosphite
One of, the low melting point mixed melting salt includes the Ca (NO that fusing point is 85.4 DEG C3)2、KNO3、NaNO3、LiNO3Mass ratio
The KNO that salt-mixture and fusing point for 2: 6: 1: 2 are 130 DEG C3、NaNO3The salt-mixture that mass ratio is 11: 9.
Further, in inorganic salts-metal bath system described in step (1) mass ratio of inorganic salts and metal be (10 ~
40): 100.
Further, timber described in step (2) can be China fir, pinus massoniana, platane wood, poplar and eucalyptus wood etc.
One of timber.
Further, reaction temperature is 110-250 DEG C in step (2), reaction time 2-24h.
The present invention has the advantages that
The present invention is added different classes of low using low-melting alloy (fusing point is between 50-200 DEG C) as heat medium
Fusing point salt (mantoquita of the fusing point between 50-200 DEG C, nitrate, phosphate or salt-mixture etc.), forms it with low-melting alloy
The co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal, the thermal capacity of the system is big, can recycled for multiple times, reduce timber load and take out process
A large amount of losses of middle heat transfer medium heat, in heat treatment process, molten metal can uniform fold in wood surface, starvation is simultaneously
Steady temperature (160-250 DEG C) needed for providing heat_treated wood uses inert gas or vacuum with prior heat treatment in the process
Environment is compared, and the co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal can substantially reduce production cost and energy consumption during heat_treated wood；It is situated between with oil
Matter heat-treated wood is compared, and due to the incompatibility of metal and timber, after heat treatment, resulting heat-treated wood surface is clean
Only, no metal knot is fast.
In addition, the inorganic salts in co-melting system under high temperature fused state, can be diffused into wood internal by cell wall,
It is deposited on timber catheter interior with crystal form, to significantly improve wood durability and dimensional stability, while being deposited on wood
Inorganic salt crystal in material lumen can be relieved the shortcomings that mechanical properties decrease of traditional timber heat treatment process appearance.The present invention
Simple process, it is environmentally protective, it is easy to operate, it is highly-safe, excellent, low-carbon, ecology heat treatment it can change as processability
A kind of new technology of property timber.
Specific embodiment
In order to make content of the present invention easily facilitate understanding, the present invention will be further described for following instance, but
It is not used to limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
(1) low-melting alloy (Bi:Pb:Cd=52:40:8) that fusing point is 92 DEG C is placed in thermostat, is heated to molten condition
Metal bath is obtained, then 30% copper nitrate (fusing point is 100 DEG C) of low-melting alloy quality is added into metal bath, is formed after melting
The co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal.
(2) China fir sample is immersed in the above-mentioned co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal, is changed after maintaining 16h at 150 DEG C
Property timber.
Embodiment 2
(1) low-melting alloy (Bi:Pb=55.5:44.5) that fusing point is 124 DEG C is placed in thermostat, is heated to molten condition
Metal bath, then into metal bath low-melting alloy quality 10% sodium hypophosphite (fusing point be 59.5 DEG C), form nothing after melting
Machine salt-co-melting the system of metal.
(2) platane wood sample is immersed in the above-mentioned co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal, maintains to obtain afterwards for 24 hours at 150 DEG C
Improved wood.
Embodiment 3
(1) low-melting alloy (Bi:Pb:Sn=29:43:28) that fusing point is 132 DEG C is placed in thermostat, is heated to molten
State obtains metal bath, then into metal bath low-melting alloy quality 40% salt-mixture (Ca (NO3)2、KNO3、NaNO3、LiNO3Matter
Amount is 85.4 DEG C than being 2: 6: 1: 2, fusing point), the co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal is formed after melting.
(2) pinus massoniana sample is immersed in the above-mentioned co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal, is obtained after 12h is maintained at 180 DEG C
To improved wood.
Embodiment 4
(1) be that 177 DEG C of low-melting alloy (Sn:Cd=67:33) is placed in thermostat by fusing point, be heated to molten condition obtain it is golden
Belong to bath, then into metal bath the 30% of low-melting alloy quality salt-mixture (KNO3、NaNO3Mass ratio is 11: 9, fusing point 130
DEG C), the co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal is formed after melting.
(2) eucalyptus wood sample is immersed in the above-mentioned co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal, is obtained after maintaining 5h at 210 DEG C
Improved wood.
It is steady to wood chemical compositions, mechanical property, heat that the present invention has investigated the co-melting system collaboration heat treatment of inorganic salts-metal
The influence of the performances such as qualitative and rotproofness, the results showed that
1) compared with unseasoned timber, the extract and content of lignin of heat-treated wood increase respectively to 3.8-6.9% and
46.7-52.4%, the raising of the content of lignin with higher thermal decomposition temperature, is remarkably improved the thermostabilization of heat-treated wood
Property, and ash content, cellulose, hemicellulose and holocellulose content are reduced to 8.5-11.9%, 30.2-38.9%, 4.1- respectively
6.3% and 37.2-46.8%.
2) compared with unseasoned timber, bending strength, the springform of the co-melting system collaboration heat-treated wood of inorganic salts-metal
Amount and impact strength have dropped 20-26%, 7-13% and 35-41% respectively, and the bending strength of prior heat treatment timber, springform
Amount and impact strength have dropped 30-40%, 15-25% and 45-60% respectively, hence it is evident that as can be seen that the co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal
The mechanical property of heat-treated wood is cooperateed with to be better than the mechanical property of prior heat treatment timber.
3) after heat treatment, for the anti-bulking factor of timber up to 73-78%, this shows that metal bath helps to improve the ruler of timber
Very little stability.
4) wood durability after the co-melting system collaboration heat treatment of inorganic salts-metal is mentioned with the raising of heat treatment temperature
Height is improved with the extension of heat treatment time, shows have good resistance ability to rot fungi, the timber pair after heat treatment
The mass loss of Corilus versicolor Quel. and continuous rotten transverse hole fungus is respectively 0.8-2.1% and 0.5-1.7%.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modification, is all covered by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method of the co-melting system collaboration heat treatment improved wood of inorganic salts-metal, it is characterised in that: the method includes
Following steps:
(1) one or more low-melting alloys are heated to molten condition and obtain metal bath, it is inorganic that low melting point is added into metal bath
Salt forms the co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal；
(2) wood sample is immersed in the co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal in step (1), reacts one section at a certain temperature
Improved wood is obtained after time.
2. a kind of method of the co-melting system collaboration heat treatment improved wood of inorganic salts-metal according to claim 1, special
Sign is: ingredient contained by low-melting alloy is as mass fraction in step (1) are as follows: bismuth 0 ~ 55.5%, lead 0 ~ 50%, tin 0 ~ 80%,
Cadmium 0 ~ 33% and indium 0 ~ 21%, the sum of each component are 100%.
3. a kind of method of the co-melting system collaboration heat treatment improved wood of inorganic salts-metal according to claim 1, special
Sign is: low melting point inorganic salts are single low melting point salt or low melting point mixed melting salt in step (1).
4. a kind of method of the co-melting system collaboration heat treatment improved wood of inorganic salts-metal according to claim 3, special
Sign is: the single low melting point salt is one of copper nitrate, cadmium nitrate, cerous nitrate, ferrous sulfate and sodium hypophosphite, institute
Stating low melting point mixed melting salt includes Ca (NO3)2、KNO3、NaNO3、LiNO3The salt-mixture and KNO that mass ratio is 2: 6: 1: 23、
NaNO3The salt-mixture that mass ratio is 11: 9.
5. a kind of method of the co-melting system collaboration heat treatment improved wood of inorganic salts-metal according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the mass ratio of inorganic salts and metal is (10 ~ 40) in the co-melting system of inorganic salts-metal described in step (1): 100.
6. a kind of method of the co-melting system collaboration heat treatment improved wood of inorganic salts-metal according to claim 1, special
Sign is: timber described in step (2) includes any one of China fir, masson pine, Chinese parasol tree, poplar and eucalyptus wood.
7. a kind of method of the co-melting system collaboration heat treatment improved wood of inorganic salts-metal according to claim 1, special
Sign is: reaction temperature is 110-250 DEG C in step (2), reaction time 2-24h.
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| CN201811327395.0A CN109333715B (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2018-11-08 | Method for modifying wood through synergistic heat treatment of inorganic salt-metal eutectic system |
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| CN201811327395.0A CN109333715B (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2018-11-08 | Method for modifying wood through synergistic heat treatment of inorganic salt-metal eutectic system |
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| CN109333715B CN109333715B (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111432619A (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2020-07-17 | 苏州逸峰新材料科技有限公司 | Woody plant-based composite electromagnetic functional material and preparation method thereof |
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