CN109329144A - A kind of mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling intermediate breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling intermediate breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109329144A CN109329144A CN201811262321.3A CN201811262321A CN109329144A CN 109329144 A CN109329144 A CN 109329144A CN 201811262321 A CN201811262321 A CN 201811262321A CN 109329144 A CN109329144 A CN 109329144A
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- seedling
- undaria pinnitafida
- transitional culture
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- water layer
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
A kind of mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling intermediate breeding method, is related to algae culturing technical field, comprising the following steps: Transitional culture prepares, Transitional culture, daily management, and Transitional culture terminates；The Transitional culture prepares to include that Undaria pinnitafida seedling length reaches 0.5-2cm, and ocean temperature is lower than 20 DEG C；Depth of water 2-4 meters of selection, the cultivating pool that transparency is 6-12 meters, 4-100 mus of area are advisable；Use culturing raft Jia as Transitional culture device, 2-4 meters of each raft Jia spacing hangs rope spacing 30-40cm between seedling, adjust water layer according to seed size and pond transparency using hanging extension seedling mode is equalled；Daily management includes that pendulum washes work and DATA REASONING work；1-2 weeks Transitional culture time or more, thallus laminariae length is 3-30cm, terminate Transitional culture, start next step bottom and broadcasts work, the present invention has the mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling cultivated, it can be used for thallus laminariae bottom and broadcast proliferation, effectively mitigate mussel and Undaria pinnitafida seedling falls off, effectively improve the beneficial effect of emergence rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to algae culturing technical field, especially a kind of mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling Transitional culture side
Method.
Background technique
Ocean is most valuable one of the ecosystem, is treasure and last sky that the mankind depend on for existence and development
Between.With the development of China's marine economy, the activity for developing and using ocean is increasing, and it is tight to result in China coastal seas maritime environment pollution
Weight.China sea area marine eco-environment is facing unprecedented threat and destruction, wherein seawater eutrophication, seawater acid
The problems such as change, heavy metal pollution, increasingly aggravates.
Thallus laminariae bottom broadcast proliferation can effectively alleviate presently, there are most of marine ecology problems, thallus laminariae can be effective
N, P, CO in fixed seawater2, it was reported that point out, every kilogram of thallus laminariae can fix absorb 52g carbon (C), 3.54g nitrogen (N),
0.51g phosphorus (P), therefore the bottom of thallus laminariae broadcasts proliferation and can effectively alleviate the marine ecologies problems such as ocean eutrophication, seawater acidification.
The Transitional culture work of floating raft type cultivation Undaria pinnitafida seedling: the thallus laminariae being attached on seedling curtain is being passed through about 2 months
Indoor low temperature natural light cultivate, thallus laminariae individual lengths reach 0.5-2cm, can be by skirt when natural normal temperature seawater is lower than 20 DEG C
Band vegetable seedling curtain is hung to the raft frame of off-lying sea, and Transitional culture work is carried out.Mariculture area should select that trend is unobstructed, water flow is larger, water quality
More fertile sea area.Conventional cultivation method has the drawback that: 1. floating raft type cultivates Undaria pinnitafida seedling, is only used for floating raft type
Cultivation, proliferation is broadcast at the bottom that can not be used for thallus laminariae；2. floating raft type cultivation Undaria pinnitafida seedling Transitional culture be in sea area into
Row, hydrologic condition are not suitable for the Transitional culture of mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling.
Currently, the bottom of thallus laminariae broadcasts multiplication technique and still falls within blank in the establishment process of aquafarm, it is badly in need of being based on
It is to solve the problems, such as that proliferation is broadcast at thallus laminariae bottom that technology is broadcast at mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling nursery and bottom, alleviates marine ecology and asks
Topic.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling intermediate breeding method, improves intermediate breeding method, effectively
Mitigate mussel and Undaria pinnitafida seedling falls off, effectively improves emergence rate, solve buoyant raft style paper Undaria pinnitafida seedling in the prior art
It is unsuitable for bottom to broadcast, the technical issues of mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling is easy to fall off after disseminating.
The present invention is implemented as follows: the following steps are included:
(1) preparation
Mussel attachment base opotism colza experience indoor low temperature is cultivated naturally, and length reaches 0.5-2cm, and ocean temperature is lower than 20
DEG C, carry out Transitional culture；
Depth of water 2-4 meters of selection, the pond that transparency is 6-12 meters are 4-100 as cultivating pool, the area of cultivating pool
Mu；
(2) Transitional culture
Use culturing raft Jia as Transitional culture device, 2-4 meters of raft frame spacing is hung between seedling using hanging extension seedling mode is equalled
Restrict spacing 30-40cm, adjusts water layer according to seed size and cultivating pool transparency；
Transitional culture carries out daily management, and the daily management includes that pendulum washes work and DATA REASONING work；
It is daily to change water, 4-10 mus of cultivating pool day quantity of exchanged water be greater than 10%, 10-30 mus cultivating pool day quantity of exchanged water be greater than
5%, 30 mu or more ponds need to meet normal cultivation quantity of exchanged water；
(3) Transitional culture terminates
The Transitional culture time is at least up to 1-2 weeks, and thallus laminariae length is 3-30cm, terminates Transitional culture, starts bottom and broadcast.
Embodiment as one preferred, during step (2) Transitional culture, in Transitional culture early period, opotism vegetable seedling
Kind water layer extension seedling water layer is deeper, and water layer is calculated according to formula (1),
D=0.03*K+0.7 (1)
D: the seedling depth of water is hung；K: transparency；Unit: rice；
It after Transitional culture 1 week, promotes Undaria pinnitafida seedling water layer and hangs seedling water layer, water layer is calculated according to formula (2), is adjusted
Water layer,
D=0.03*K+0.2 (2)
D: the seedling depth of water is hung；K: transparency；Unit: rice.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, cultivating pool transparency is 10m in step (2), and seed hangs over the water of 0.5m
Layer.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, it is that Undaria pinnitafida seedling is moved using long hook strip that the pendulum, which washes work, up and down, or so
Each pendulum is washed 2-4 times, and primary pendulum was carried out every 3-5 days and washes work.
As a kind of perferred technical scheme, the DATA REASONING work is periodic measurement Undaria pinnitafida seedling length, works as skirt
After band vegetable seedling kind suitable length bottom is broadcast, stop Transitional culture, carries out bottom and broadcast.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the mussel attachment base opotism cultivated using the intermediate breeding method that the present invention is described
Vegetable seedling kind, the bottom that can be used for thallus laminariae broadcast proliferation, can be relieved marine ecology problem；The present invention is attached using cultivating pool progress mussel
Base Undaria pinnitafida seedling Transitional culture, cultivating pool hydrologic condition stablize, can effectively mitigate mussel and Undaria pinnitafida seedling and fall off, energy
Enough effectively improve emergence rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Transitional culture technology path schematic diagram of embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present invention, is shown
So, described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment
Refering to the mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling Transitional culture technology path of attached drawing 1, a kind of mussel attachment base thallus laminariae
Seed intermediate breeding method includes the following steps:
One, Transitional culture condition
Mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling Transitional culture needs to meet following three conditions:
1, Undaria pinnitafida seedling size: after the indoor low temperature that mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling undergoes about 2 months is cultivated naturally,
Thallus laminariae length reaches 0.5-2cm.
2, water temperature condition: natural normal temperature seawater temperature is lower than 20 DEG C.
3, seed density conditions: Undaria pinnitafida seedling is more than that the quantity of 0.5cm is advisable with 3-10 plants.
Meet three above condition, Transitional culture can be carried out.
Two, the cultivating pool selection of Transitional culture
1, the depth of water: the depth of water should be 2-4 meters.
2, transparency: transparency should be 6-12 meters.
3, other conditions: cultivating pool size should meet the use of mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling Transitional culture, with 4-100
Mu is advisable；Quantity of exchanged water requirement, 4-10 mus cultivating pool day quantity of exchanged water should be greater than 10%, 10-30 mus cultivating pool day quantity of exchanged water answer
Greater than 5%, 30 mu or more pond meets normal cultivation quantity of exchanged water without considering day quantity of exchanged water problem；Cultivating pool should expire
Foot is pollution-free, and nutritive salt is abundant, and planktonic organism amount is 5000-10000 cell/ml requirement.
Three, Transitional culture form
1, Transitional culture facility: the facility that mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling Transitional culture uses is mainly culture raft frame,
2-4 meters of raft frame spacing, the spacing of adjacent raft Jia can accommodate 1-2 root mussel seedling rope.
2, Undaria pinnitafida seedling hangs seedling mode: mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling, which is taken, equals hanging extension seedling mode, by mussel seedling
Rope tiling is hung in aquaculture pond, can make its uniform light, reduces individual difference, is hung rope spacing 30-40cm between seedling, is avoided seed
Between friction.
3, Undaria pinnitafida seedling hangs seedling water layer: adjusting water layer according to seed size and cultivating pool transparency.
In Transitional culture early period, Undaria pinnitafida seedling water layer extension seedling water layer is deeper, and water layer is calculated according to formula (1),
D=0.03*K+0.7 (1)
D: the seedling depth of water is hung；K: transparency；Unit: rice；
It after Transitional culture 1 week, promotes Undaria pinnitafida seedling water layer and hangs seedling water layer, water layer is calculated according to formula (2), is adjusted
Water layer,
D=0.03*K+0.2 (2)
D: the seedling depth of water is hung；K: transparency；Unit: rice.
Transparency should hang over the water layer of 0.5m or so in 10 meters or so of pond, seed；The lower feelings of transparency in pond
Under condition, suitably height-regulating water layer calculates the cultivation water layer of selection suitable height according to formula (2).
Four, daily management
1, pendulum washes work: starting after carrying out Transitional culture, pendulum should be carried out every 3-5 days and washes work, pendulum washes work to utilize
Long hook strip moves seed, and upper and lower, each pendulum in left and right is washed 2-4 times, and main purpose is miscellaneous for the attached mud in removing Undaria pinnitafida seedling surface, reduction surface
Algae, strong seed etc..
2, DATA REASONING works: answering periodic measurement Undaria pinnitafida seedling length, broadcasts when Undaria pinnitafida seedling length reaches suitable bottom
Length after, then stop Transitional culture, carry out bottom and broadcast.
Five, Transitional culture terminates
Transitional culture tail end takes the mode for terminating Transitional culture in batches, i.e., depending on Undaria pinnitafida seedling length
When Undaria pinnitafida seedling grows to appropriate length, while meeting and moving to time that pond carries out Transitional culture at 1-2 weeks or more, can tie
Beam Transitional culture.The Undaria pinnitafida seedling Transitional culture time is at least 1-2 weeks, can just make Undaria pinnitafida seedling attached in mussel attachment base
Securely.Lack the embodiment of the present invention Transitional culture, Undaria pinnitafida seedling attachment is insecure, and bottom will appear obscission after broadcasting.
Opotism seed length reaches 3-30cm, while being bred as the time and being at least up to 1-2 weeks, can terminate Transitional culture.According to opotism vegetable seedling
Kind length and Transitional culture period, by the way of terminating Transitional culture in batches, it is ensured that all Undaria pinnitafida seedlings meet bottom
Broadcast condition.
Six, related experiment and data
1, experimental design
For the best cultivation water layer for probing into a kind of mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling Transitional culture, select transparency for 10 meters
Cultivating pool, select 0.5 meter of water layer as A group, 1 meter of water layer is tested as B group, 1.5 meters of water layers as C group, three groups
Undaria pinnitafida seedling quantity it is identical, seed density is identical, and it is identical that the pendulum of Transitional culture washes working method, distinguishes between three groups and only exists
It is different in selection water layer.In experimentation, respectively in Transitional culture the 10th day, the 20th day, the 30th day, the 40th day, four measurement A
Group, B group, C group mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling emergence rate and seed average length, so that it is determined that Transitional culture during most
Good water layer.
2, experimental result
1. influence of the different water levels to mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling emergence rate, as a result referring to table 2.
Influence (unit: %) of 2 different water levels of table to mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling emergence rate
As can be seen from Table 2, the emergence rate of A group four times measurements is above remaining two groups of emergence rate of the same period, surveys for the first time
The emergence rate of amount is 73.55%, and the emergence rate of the 4th measurement reaches 93.55%, is measured for the 4th time much higher than remaining two groups
The emergence rate arrived.It can be seen that the cultivation pool that transparency is 10 selects 0.5m water layer more suitable from the point of view of the emergence rate of seed,
2. influence of the different water levels to mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling average length, as a result referring to table 3.
Influence (unit: cm) of 3 different water levels of table to mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling average length
As can be seen from Table 3, measurement seed average length is 7.59cm, second of measurement seed average length to A group for the first time
For 22.55cm, it is 27.47cm that third time, which measures seed average length, and the seed average length of the 4th measurement is 31.88cm,
Four measurements obtain seed average length and are longer than remaining two groups seed average lengths of the same period.Come from seed average length
It sees, the cultivating pool that transparency is 10, selects 0.5m water layer more suitable.
3, interpretation of result
1. utilizing SPSS18 mathematical statistics software, the mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling emergence rate measured every time is carried out single
Analysis of variance, between each group, P < 0.05, significant difference, and the emergence rate of 0.5 meter of water layer is most in measurement three times
High level.
2. utilizing SPSS18 mathematical statistics software, the mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling total quantity measured every time is carried out single
Analysis of variance, between each group, P < 0.05, significant difference, and the seed average length of 0.5 meter of water layer is in measurement three times
It is peak.
Therefore, the cultivating pool that transparency is 10 meters, optimal cultivation water layer are 0.5 meter.It releases simultaneously and is suitable for difference
The cultivation water layer calculation formula of the cultivating pool of transparency:
D=0.03*K+0.2, wherein D: the seedling depth of water, K: transparency, unit: rice are hung
The suitable water layer that should be selected with the cultivating pool that above-mentioned formula calculates different transparencies, reaches thallus laminariae emergence rate
The purpose that high, thallus laminariae does not fall off from mussel attachment base.
4. comparative experiments
By Undaria pinnitafida seedling respectively with intermediate breeding method described in embodiment, conventional Undaria pinnitafida seedling hang to sea into
Bottom is carried out after row Transitional culture mode to broadcast, and respectively as taking Transitional culture group and hanging to marine incubation group, is compared, as a result
It is shown in Table 4.
4 two kinds of breeding way of table compare
Transitional culture group of taking in table 4 is the Transitional culture method using embodiment, and hanging to marine incubation group is using normal
The opotism vegetable seedling of rule is directly hung to the method for marine Transitional culture；Mussel initial density is the quantity of each rope mussel seedling；Seed
Mussel density refers to that seed grows into bottom and broadcasts early period, the quantity of each rope mussel before bottom is broadcast；Thallus laminariae is initially adhered to density and is referred to
Thallus laminariae collect seedling after density, i.e. initial density；Thallus laminariae density refers to that seed grows into bottom and broadcasts early period before seed bottom is broadcast, each
Undaria pinnitafida seedling quantity on a mussel.As table 4 as it can be seen that being emerged using intermediate breeding method Undaria pinnitafida seedling described in the present embodiment
Rate hangs the emergence rate 1.60% broadcast to bottom after marine Transitional culture higher than tradition up to 96.35%.Using the Transitional culture of embodiment
Density is higher than the seed density of traditional marine incubation mode before the Undaria pinnitafida seedling bottom of method is broadcast.
Therefore, breeding method provided in this embodiment is broadcast suitable for Undaria pinnitafida seedling bottom.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the mussel attachment base opotism cultivated using intermediate breeding method established by the present invention
Proliferation is broadcast at vegetable seedling kind, the bottom that can be used for thallus laminariae；The present invention is carried out among mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling using cultivating pool
It is bred as, cultivating pool hydrologic condition is stablized, and effectively can mitigate mussel and Undaria pinnitafida seedling falls off, can effectively improve emergence rate.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling intermediate breeding method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparation
Mussel attachment base opotism colza experience indoor low temperature is cultivated naturally, and length reaches 0.5-2cm, and ocean temperature is lower than 20 DEG C
When, carry out Transitional culture；
Depth of water 2-4 meters of selection, as cultivating pool, cultivating pool area is 4-100 mus in the pond that transparency is 6-12 meters；
(2) Transitional culture
Use culturing raft Jia as Transitional culture device, 2-4 meters of raft frame spacing is hung between restricting between seedling using hanging extension seedling mode is equalled
Away from 30-40cm, water layer is adjusted according to seed size and cultivating pool transparency；
Transitional culture carries out daily management, and the daily management includes that pendulum washes work and DATA REASONING work；
Daily to change water, 4-10 mus of cultivating pool day quantity of exchanged water are greater than 10%, 10-30 mus of cultivating pool day quantity of exchanged water and are greater than 5%, 30
Mu or more cultivating pool need to meet normal cultivation quantity of exchanged water；
(3) Transitional culture terminates
The Transitional culture time is at least up to 1-2 weeks, and thallus laminariae length reaches 3-30cm, terminates Transitional culture, starts bottom and broadcast.
2. a kind of mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling intermediate breeding method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step
(2) during Transitional culture, in Transitional culture early period, Undaria pinnitafida seedling water layer hang seedling water layer it is deeper, water layer according to formula (1) into
Row calculates,
D=0.03*K+0.7 (1)
D: the seedling depth of water is hung；K: transparency；Unit: rice；
It after Transitional culture 1 week, promotes Undaria pinnitafida seedling water layer and hangs seedling water layer, water layer is calculated according to formula (2), adjusts water
Layer,
D=0.03*K+0.2 (2)
D: the seedling depth of water is hung；K: transparency；Unit: rice.
3. a kind of mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling intermediate breeding method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step
(2) cultivating pool transparency is 10m in, and seed hangs over the water layer of 0.5m.
4. a kind of mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling intermediate breeding method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
It is that Undaria pinnitafida seedling is moved using long hook strip that pendulum, which washes work, and upper and lower, each pendulum in left and right is washed 2-4 times, and primary pendulum was carried out every 3-5 days and washes work
Make.
5. a kind of mussel attachment base Undaria pinnitafida seedling intermediate breeding method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
DATA REASONING work is periodic measurement Undaria pinnitafida seedling length, and Undaria pinnitafida seedling suitable length bottom is broadcast, and stops Transitional culture, is carried out
It broadcasts at bottom.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1990394A (en) * | 2005-12-30 | 2007-07-04 | 中国科学院海洋研究所 | Integrated ecology renovation method for extratropical eutrophication marine site |
| CN102138512A (en) * | 2011-04-07 | 2011-08-03 | 青岛农业大学 | Method for sowing fixed life-form seaweed seedlings on sea surface |
| CN103798170A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-05-21 | 青岛农业大学 | Ecological method for breeding abalones at shallow sea floor |
| CN103814844A (en) * | 2014-02-20 | 2014-05-28 | 青岛农业大学 | Method for ecological sea cucumber aquaculture in seabed of shallow sea |
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Application publication date: 20190215 |