CN109328040B - 具有可扩展部分和负压源的手持式器械 - Google Patents

具有可扩展部分和负压源的手持式器械 Download PDF

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CN109328040B
CN109328040B CN201780037728.3A CN201780037728A CN109328040B CN 109328040 B CN109328040 B CN 109328040B CN 201780037728 A CN201780037728 A CN 201780037728A CN 109328040 B CN109328040 B CN 109328040B
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D·W·格瑞普
C·S·弗拉普顿
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MegaDyne Medical Products Inc
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/1402Probes for open surgery
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B18/148Probes or electrodes therefor having a short, rigid shaft for accessing the inner body transcutaneously, e.g. for neurosurgery or arthroscopy
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/71Suction drainage systems
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B2017/0042Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with special provisions for gripping
    • A61B2017/00424Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets with special provisions for gripping ergonomic, e.g. fitting in fist
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00571Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
    • A61B2018/00589Coagulation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00571Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
    • A61B2018/00601Cutting
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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    • A61B2018/00571Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
    • A61B2018/00607Coagulation and cutting with the same instrument
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00636Sensing and controlling the application of energy
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/0091Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00916Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00922Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device by switching or controlling the treatment energy directly within the hand-piece
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/0091Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00916Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device
    • A61B2018/00958Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device for switching between different working modes of the main function
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/04Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
    • A61B18/12Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
    • A61B18/14Probes or electrodes therefor
    • A61B2018/1475Electrodes retractable in or deployable from a housing
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2218/00Details of surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2218/001Details of surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body having means for irrigation and/or aspiration of substances to and/or from the surgical site
    • A61B2218/007Aspiration
    • A61B2218/008Aspiration for smoke evacuation

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电外科器械(104),其具有双区烟雾抽出以用于提供对电外科手术期间产生的烟雾的有效捕获和抽出。具有近侧端部和远侧端部的手件(114)联接到前部件,该前部件具有通入内部导管中的远侧开口。可延伸节段至少部分地设置在该内部导管内并朝远侧延伸到该前部件的远侧开口之外。该可延伸节段能够在该内部导管内选择性地平移。负压源使得能够通过该可延伸节段和该内部导管两者来捕获和抽出烟雾。

Description

具有可扩展部分和负压源的手持式器械
背景技术
本申请要求2016年6月17日提交并且题目为HAND-HELD INSTRUMENT WITH DUALZONE FLUID REMOVAL的美国临时专利申请No.62/351,811的优先权和权益,其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
1.技术领域
本公开涉及手持式器械。更具体地,本公开涉及手持式器械的流体移除部件。
2.相关技术
如本领域技术人员所知,现代外科手术技术通常采用射频(RF)电力来切割组织并使在执行外科手术期间遇到的出血凝结。关于此类技术的历史观点和细节,参考授予D'Amelio等人并且名称为“Electroprobe Apparatus”的美国专利No.4,936,842,其公开内容以引用方式并入本文中。
如医学领域的技术人员所知的,电外科被广泛使用并且提供许多优点,包括使用单个外科手术器械进行切割和凝结两者。单极电外科系统具有有源电极和返回电极,该有源电极诸如以具有手件和导电电极或端头的电外科器械的形式且由外科医生在外科位点处施加于患者以执行外科手术,该返回电极将患者回连到发生器。
电外科器械的电极或端头在与患者接触的点处很小以产生具有高电流密度的RF电流,以便产生切割或凝结组织的外科手术效果。返回电极携带提供到电外科器械的电极或端头的相同射频电流,从而提供回到电外科发生器的路径。
为了在电外科发生器与电外科器械之间进行RF电流的电连接,具有导电芯的缆线从电外科发生器延伸到电外科器械。
当电外科器械用于切割或凝结时,通常产生烟雾。外科医生或助手通常使用单独的烟雾抽出装置来从外科手术区域移除烟雾。烟雾抽出装置通常包括经由管线连接到真空装置的抽吸棒。外科医生或助手将抽吸棒保持在外科手术部位附近,并且烟雾被吸到抽吸棒中并通过管线。然而,使用与电外科器械分开的烟雾抽出装置并不理想。使用单独的烟雾抽出装置需要在手术部位附近存在附加的手和器械,这可能模糊外科医生对外科手术部位的视线并减小外科手术部位周围的供外科医生移动的可用空间。
因此,已经开发了组合式电外科器械和烟雾抽出装置。这些组合装置通常包括手件,该手件可在其远侧端部接收电极或端头以用于执行电外科手术。手件经由电力缆线连接到发生器以将RF电流传送到电极或端头。附加地,烟雾抽出软管连接在手件与真空之间以将烟雾从外科手术部位抽吸走。
虽然此类组合式电外科器械和烟雾抽出装置通常会抽出电外科手术期间产生的一些烟雾,但烟雾抽出软管可能无法完全捕获到一定量的烟雾。在某些情况下,未抽出的烟雾的量很大,从而导致外科手术区域处的可见度降低以及外科手术位置处的令人不快的气味。在电外科手术期间产生的过量烟雾也可能刺激外科手术区域中的人的眼睛和呼吸组织,这在外科医生/操作者和任何助手的聚焦和注意力集中至关紧要的情况下是不期望的影响。此外,即使在电外科手术完成之后,未抽出的烟雾也会在附近的衣服、设备和其他物品上留下令人不快的气味。附加地,已经发现通过电外科手术、激光或其他方法产生的外科手术烟雾包含有害的、甚至致癌的化学物质和材料,这些化学物质和材料可能对可吸入烟雾的手术室人员、外科医生和患者造成危险。病毒颗粒也从外科手术烟雾中分离出来,并且越来越多的证据表明某些病毒株实际上是由外科医生通过电外科烟雾吸入的,从而导致其气道的损伤。
本发明受权利要求书保护的主题并不限于解决任何缺点或仅在诸如以上所描述的那些环境中操作的实施方案。相反,该背景技术仅被提供以示出本文所述的一些实施方案可在其中得以实践的一个示例性技术领域。
附图说明
为了进一步阐明本发明的上述和其它优点及特征,本发明的更具体说明将通过参考在附图中示出的本发明具体实施方案来呈现。应当理解,这些附图仅示出本发明的所示出的实施方案,并且因此不应被认为是对本发明范围的限制。将通过使用附图利用附加特征和细节对本发明进行阐述和说明,在附图中:
图1示出了示例性电外科系统;
图2示出了由操作者握持的电外科器械;
图3示出了具有双区烟雾抽出组件的电外科器械;
图4示出了图3的电外科器械的横截面视图,其示出位于回缩位置的可延伸节段;
图5示出了图3和图4的电外科器械的截面视图,其示出了定位在伸出位置的可延伸节段;并且
图6示出了使用中的电外科器械,其示出经由电外科器械的双区烟雾抽出组件的有效烟雾抽出。
具体实施方式
本公开涉及电外科器械和具有双区流体抽出功能的其他手持式器械。在一些实施方案中,手持式器械是具有双区流体抽出组件的电外科器械,该双区流体抽出组件被构造成能够有效地移除电外科手术期间产生的烟雾。在一些实施方案中,电外科器械包括第一烟雾抽出部件和第二烟雾抽出部件,该第一烟雾抽出部件设置在电外科器械的远侧部分处并且第二烟雾抽出部件设置在第一烟雾抽出部件的近侧。
一个或多个实施方案有利地实现了对电外科手术期间产生的烟雾的捕获和抽出。具体地,在第一烟雾抽出部件附近产生但未被第一烟雾抽出部件捕获的烟雾可以被第二烟雾抽出部件捕获。有利地,具有双区烟雾抽出组件的此类电外科器械可以实现更好地捕获电外科手术中产生的烟雾,从而以其他方式减小可用于减小可见度、刺激操作者和/或助手、引起气味和/或限制电外科手术的有效性的烟雾的量。
本文参考烟雾的抽出和促进这种功能的部件。应当理解的是,对“烟雾”的引用仅是为了简单和方便,并不意图将所公开和要求保护的实施方案仅限于烟雾的抽出。相反,所公开和要求保护的实施方案可以用于抽出基本上任何类型的流体,包括液体、气体、蒸汽、烟雾或其组合。附加地,并非简单地抽出流体,而是预期至少一些实施方案可以用于将流体输送到期望的位置,诸如手术部位。
图1示出了示例性电外科系统100。所示的实施方案包括信号发生器102、电外科器械104和返回电极106。在一个实施方案中,发生器102是产生RF电能的RF波发生器。实用导管108连接到电外科器械104。在所示的实施方案中,实用导管108包括将来自发生器102的电能传送到电外科器械104的缆线110。所示的实用导管108还包括传送所捕获/收集的烟雾和/或流体以远离外科手术部位的真空软管112。在一些实施方案中,诸如图1所示的实施方案,缆线110可以延伸穿过真空软管112的至少一部分。
通常,电外科器械104包括手件或铅笔114和电极端头116。电外科器械104将电能传递到患者的目标组织以切割组织和/或烧灼目标组织内部和/或附近的血管。具体地,将放电从电极端头116递送到患者,以加热紧密接触电极端头116的患者细胞物质。加热在适当的高温下进行以允许电外科器械104用于进行电外科手术。返回电极106通过缆线118连接到发生器102以便接通电路并为传递到患者体内的能量提供到达波发生器102的返回电路径。
如下面更详细说明的,根据本公开的电外科手术器械的实施方案使得能够有效捕获在电外科手术期间产生的烟雾,使得在烟雾产生部位附近(例如,在组织/电极端头界面处)没有立即捕获的烟雾仍然可以被捕获并抽出以远离操作环境。
图2中示出了用于执行电外科手术并且从外科手术部位抽出烟雾的示例性电外科器械120。电外科器械120包括具有近侧端部124和远侧端部126的手件122。可延伸节段128能够选择性地延伸(例如,可沿着在近侧/远侧方向上行进的轴线平移)并且包括延伸穿过其中的通道或导管。电极端头130接纳在可延伸节段128的远侧端部内。一个或多个电力缆线、一个或多个真空软管和/或其他连接可以通过实用导管140引导到手件122,在所示的实施方案中,该导管140在近侧端部124附近和手件122的下侧联接到手件122。另选的实施方案可以包括在手件的顶部和/或侧部上、在朝近侧延伸的近侧端部处或在手件的其他位置处的实用导管连接。电力缆线将电能从电外科发生器传送到电外科器械120。在电外科手术期间,电能通过电极端头130并进入患者的组织中。
电外科器械(诸如电外科器械120)通常被称为电外科铅笔或笔,因为在使用中它们通常以与书写时握持铅笔或笔相同的方式进行握持。
图2示出了操作者在电外科手术期间可以握持电外科器械的常见方式。如图所示,手件122通过手部弯曲并由中指和拇指握持就位。可以将食指放置在手件122的顶部上以进一步将手件122握持在适当位置,以及通过选择性地激活一个或多个控制件136来控制电外科装置的某些动作。
图3示出了构造有双区烟雾抽出的电外科器械220的实施方案。所示的实施方案包括具有近侧端部224和远侧端部226的手件222。可延伸节段228至少部分地设置在手件222的内部并且朝远侧延伸到手件222之外。可延伸节段228被构造成能够接纳电极端头230。在一些实施方案中,可延伸节段228由导电材料制成并且被配置为能够使电流从电力缆线(例如,设置在所示实用导管240内的电力缆线)传递到电极端头230。
可延伸节段228被优选地构造为导管(例如,管或者具有中空或部分中空截面的其他形状)。可延伸节段228的导管被构造成能够至少部分地进入手件222的内腔中并且与实用导管240(和/或附接/设置在实用导管240中的真空软管)流体连通。可延伸节段228还包括远侧端部开口,该远侧端部开口提供可延伸节段的内部与可延伸节段228外部的大气之间的流体连通。如图所示,电极端头230可能以将一个或多个用于捕获烟雾的孔口空间留入可延伸节段228的内部中的方式联接到可延伸节段228(例如,经由粘合剂、焊接、机械紧固、凹口、槽和/或摩擦配合、或通过单件的整体形成)。
所示的实施方案还可以包括具有用于使可延伸节段228通过的开口的前部件250。在该实施方案中,前部件250形成有在远侧方向上向内渐缩的锥形轮廓。在其他实施方案中,前部件250被形成为没有锥形形状(例如,方形或直边形轮廓),或者具有不同的锥形或弯曲轮廓。
所示的前部件250包括被构造成能够相对于前部件250将可延伸节段228保持或稳定就位的一个或多个支撑件252(例如,在所示的与手件222的内部导管同轴的位置)。一个或多个支撑件252可以被构造成能够摩擦地保持可延伸节段228的位置。例如,一个或多个支撑件252可以被构造成能够允许用户在需要时调整可延伸节段228,同时在器械的正常操作期间以其他方式保持可延伸节段228的定位(例如,防止由重力或其他相对较小的力引起的移动)。
所示的前部件250包括制成径向延伸部的支撑件252。其他实施方案可以包括一个或多个腿、支架、螺旋挤压件和/或其他支撑结构。如图所示,前部件250包括开口256以实现在手件222外部的大气与手件222的内部之间的流体连通。
图3所示的实施方案还包括被构造成能够为用户提供触觉表面以握持和/或控制电外科器械220的握把254。握把254可以由例如橡胶或聚合物材料制成,并且可以包括一个或多个脊、凹槽、和/或用于在抓握器械的同时向用户提供舒适和/或触觉抓握增强的其他表面特征。
所示的实施方案还包括一个或多个控制件238,其使得用户能够调整电外科器械220的一个或多个参数,诸如增加或减少通过器械的电力、打开和关闭器械、调整器械以用于不同操作模式(切割、凝结、切割-凝结混合)等。例如,控制件238可以提供用于将控制信号从电外科器械220传输到电外科发生器和/或其他控制器的连接。
图4示出了图3所示的电外科器械220的截面视图。图4示出了处于回缩位置的可延伸节段228,其示出可延伸节段228的大部分可以定位在手件222的内部。所示的实施方案还包括内部导管242,该内部导管242设置在手件222的内部并且其尺寸和形状被构造成能够包围可延伸节段228(例如,至少没有朝远侧延伸超过手件222的部分),使得可延伸节段228装配在内部导管242内并且能够在内部导管242内选择性地平移。如图所示,内部导管242经由前部件250处的一个或多个开口256与手件222外部的大气流体连通,从而使得能够通过一个或多个开口256将烟雾捕获到内部导管242中。
在一些实施方案中,电外科器械220包括被定位成限制可延伸节段228在内部导管242内的近侧平移的后止动件244。例如,后止动件244可以设置在一定位置,使得当可延伸节段228完全缩回时,电极端头230位于手件222的远侧部分处或附近,但不会缩回到手件222的内部。
所示的后止动件244被制成横档以防止可延伸节段228经过后止动件244的近侧移动。另选地,后止动件244可以制成壁、肋、棘爪、支座、锁扣、支架和/或防止相对移动的其他装置。
所示的电外科器械220还包括连接器246,该连接器246在可延伸节段228的近侧端部处联接到可延伸节段228。如图所示,连接器246具有径向向外延伸到内部导管242的壁的一个或多个突出部。在一些实施方案中,一个或多个突出部用作用于保持可延伸节段228相对于内部导管242的定位的摩擦配合部件(例如,除了通过支撑件252与可延伸节段228之间的接合的摩擦固定之外或作为该摩擦固定的替代)。例如,连接器246可以被构造成能够在电外科器械220的正常操作和移动期间将可延伸节段228保持就位(例如,以抵抗重力和/或抵抗由手件222的移动而产生的较轻力保持定位),同时仍然允许用户在定向(例如,手动施加)力下调整可延伸节段228。
在一些实施方案中,连接器246是导电的并且被配置为能够将电流传递到可延伸节段228。在一些实施方案中,可延伸节段228也是导电的并且能够将电流传递到电极端头230。例如,电力缆线可以延伸到手件222的内部(例如,通过实用导管)以联接到连接器246和/或可延伸节段228。另选地,连接器246和/或可延伸节段228可以由非导电材料制成,并且电力缆线可以延伸到电极端头230或其他中间部件以便将电流递送到电极端头230。在一些实施方案中,可延伸节段228和/或连接器246可以由至少部分地涂覆有非导电材料的导电材料制成以便在电外科手术期间防止电流从可延伸节段228转移到患者组织。
如图所示,所形成的可延伸节段228的长度(沿近侧端部-远侧端部轴线测量的)与它在其中可以选择性地平移的手件222的长度大致相同(例如,在99%、95%、90%、80%或75%内)。在其他实施方案中,可延伸节段228可以是更短或更长的,诸如手件222的长度的约0.75倍或0.5倍,或者比手件222的长度长约1.25倍、1.5倍、2倍或2.5倍。
图5示出了电外科器械220,其中可延伸节段228处于伸出位置。
图5所示的实施方案包括前止动件248,该前止动件248被构造成能够防止可延伸节段228经过前止动件248的远侧移动。在该实施方案中,前止动件248被构造为环形结构,其内径小于内部导管242的内径。在该构造中,当连接器246与前止动件248接触时,防止可延伸节段228进一步朝远侧通过前止动件248。例如,因为连接器246的突出部延伸到内部导管242的壁,所以它们不能通过前止动件248的较小直径并由此限制可延伸节段228的远侧端部延伸。
在其他实施方案中,可能以其他方式限制可延伸节段228的移动。例如,可延伸节段228可以包括与手件222和/或前部件250的对应键槽或键匹配的键或键槽,并且可以形成轨道/轨系统以将可延伸节段228的平移限于期望范围。
在一些实施方案中,如图5所示,将可延伸节段228移动到完全伸出位置可以封闭或阻挡前部件250处的一个或多个开口256。例如,当连接器246的突起或可延伸节段228的近侧端部附近的其他部件接合前止动件248时,突出部或其他部件可以封闭或阻挡一个或多个开口256,由此防止通过一个或多个开口256来捕获烟雾。在一些情况下,封闭或阻挡一个或多个开口256可以增加通过可延伸节段228的导管施加的负压,以此增加通过可延伸节段228捕获的烟雾量。当在袋中工作时,通过可延伸节段228的导管的这种负压增加可能是特别有用的以增加进入袋的气流,从而通过可延伸节段228的远侧端部捕获更多的烟雾。
图6示出了用于在电外科手术期间治疗目标组织400的电外科器械320的实施方案。如图所示,经由真空软管施加负压,在该实施方案中,该真空软管位于实用导管340内。真空软管与可延伸节段328的导管和内部导管(在该视图中未示出)流体连通。所施加的负压使得可延伸节段328能够捕获在电外科手术期间在电极端头330附近产生的烟雾500中的一些。所捕获的烟雾500可以通过可延伸节段228的导管并进入实用导管340。以此方式,可延伸节段328用作第一烟雾抽出部件。
在电外科手术期间,所产生的烟雾中的一些(在某些情况下,所产生的烟雾大部分)在被可延伸节段328捕获并抽出之前远离从可延伸节段328的远侧开口分散。例如,所产生的烟雾可能以一定角度从电极端头330附近的产生点向外分散,这可以防止所产生的烟雾的一部分经过足够靠近可延伸节段328的远侧开口以至被可延伸节段328捕获的位置。此外,当电极端头330远离烟雾行进的大致方向成角度时,所产生的烟雾的一些部分可能无法被可延伸节段328的远侧开口捕获(例如,当电外科器械320被定位成相对于被治疗组织将电极端头330置于低角度时)。此外,在一些情况下,操作环境的大气中的气流或其他干扰可以将所产生的烟雾引导远离可延伸节段328的远侧开口,从而防止捕获所产生的烟雾的至少一部分。附加地,在一些情况下,电极端头330的移动以一定速率在组织400上方进行,使得在可延伸节段328的远侧开口远离被治疗组织400移动之前,从被治疗组织400发出的烟雾500未被捕获并且烟雾500的一部分逃脱捕获。
如图6所示,前部件350和与其流体连通的内部导管(在该视图中未示出)用作第二烟雾抽出部件。第二烟雾抽出部件可以有利地用于捕获所产生的烟雾的未被第一烟雾抽出部件捕获的至少一部分。前部件350的远侧开口使得能够将烟雾捕获到电外科器械320的内部导管中。内部导管与实用导管340流体连通(例如,真空软管设置在实用导管340内的),使得所捕获的烟雾可以通过实用导管340抽出。
在所示的实施方案中,第一烟雾抽出部件(例如,可延伸节段328)被构造成能够相对于手件322的主体选择性地平移,并且第二烟雾抽出部件(例如,前部件350和内部导管)被构造成能够相对于手件322的主体静止。例如,当可延伸节段328平移(延伸或缩回)时,重新调整第一烟雾抽出部件相对于手件322的主体的相对位置,同时保持第二烟雾抽出部件相对于手件322的主体的相对位置。
同样地,第一烟雾抽出部件被构造成能够相对于电极端头330静止,而第二烟雾抽出部件被构造成能够相对于电极端头330选择性地平移。例如,当可延伸节段328平移(延伸或缩回)时,保持第一烟雾抽出部件相对于电极端头330的相对位置,同时重新调整第二烟雾抽出部件相对于电极端头330的相对位置。
在该实施方案中,第二烟雾抽出部件位于第一烟雾抽出部件的近侧,从而使得能够捕获朝近侧超出第一烟雾抽出部件而未捕获的烟雾。此外,第二烟雾抽出部件被构造的捕获直径大于第一烟雾抽出部件的捕获直径(例如,前部件350的远侧开口的直径大于可延伸节段328的远侧开口的直径),从而使得能够捕获朝远侧超出第一烟雾抽出部件而未捕获的烟雾。在一些实施方案中,前部件350的远侧开口的直径与可延伸节段328的远侧开口的直径的比率为约10:1至约1.1:1,或约3:1至约2:1。
本文描述的一些实施方案包括具有导管的第一烟雾抽出部件和第二烟雾抽出部件,这些导管形成有圆形截面形状。另选的实施方案包括具有不同尺寸和/或形状的第一和/或第二烟雾抽出部件。例如,第一和/或第二烟雾抽出部件可以具有带矩形、正方形、椭圆形、多边形或其他形状的截面的导管。
本文描述的实施方案可以提供许多益处。例如,在电外科手术期间,所产生的烟雾的一部分可以被第一烟雾抽出部件捕获(例如,被引导通过可延伸节段的导管)。未被第一烟雾抽出部件捕获的烟雾的至少一部分(诸如以过大角度朝近侧和/或向外分散而无法被引导到第一烟雾抽出部件中的烟雾)然后可以由第二烟雾抽出部件捕获。
此外,第一烟雾抽出部件和第二烟雾抽出部件被有利地构造成能够使得对于给定的参考点,一个烟雾抽出部件与参考点保持静止位置关系,而另一个烟雾抽出部件提供动态可调整的位置关系。例如,从电极端头330处的参考点的角度来看,第一烟雾抽出部件保持与电极端头330的位置关系,而第二烟雾抽出部件提供与电极端头330的可调整位置关系。这可以实现更大的烟雾捕获和抽出。例如,这种构造允许第二烟雾抽出部件相对于电极端头330定向(例如,通过使可延伸节段328延伸或缩回和/或通过使手件322成角度)到达增加或最大化对分散烟雾的捕获的位置,同时在电极端头330附近保持第一烟雾抽出部件以便更直接地捕获所产生的烟雾的一部分。
在另一个示例中,所示的实施方案使得操作者能够在电外科手术期间动态地调整电外科器械320以增加对所产生的烟雾的捕获和抽出。例如,操作者可以注意到,在第一烟雾抽出部件可以捕获烟雾之前,所产生的烟雾的一部分在给定方向上被引导远离被治疗组织。操作者可以朝向烟雾部分行进的方向重新定向手件322以增加由第二烟雾抽出装置捕获的烟雾量(例如,足以使烟雾在前部件350的远侧开口附近的负压区的影响下)。
附加地或另选地,操作者可以延伸或缩回可延伸节段328,以便调整电极端头330与第二烟雾抽出部件之间的位置关系。例如,操作员可以注意到所产生的烟雾的未由第一烟雾抽出部件捕获的部分以一定方式分散,使得可以通过回缩或延伸可延伸节段328来增加捕获以使第二烟雾抽出部件更靠近或更远离电极端头330。
此外,本文描述的一个或多个实施方案可以有利地减小或消除传递到操作环境而未捕获的所产生的烟雾的量,由此减小与烟雾产生相关联的能见度减小、气味和其他问题。在某些情况下,这可以使得能够用更少的辅助设备(例如,更少的附加独立真空软管/风扇和其他空气管理设备)来执行产生更大量烟雾的电外科手术。
本文描述的一个或多个实施方案还可以使得电外科器械能够具有带较小直径的可延伸节段。例如,因为未由可延伸节段捕获的烟雾可以被第二烟雾抽出部件捕获和抽出,所以可延伸节段的尺寸和形状不需要受其烟雾抽出能力的限制。
尽管本文描述的实施方案涉及具有烟雾抽出特征的电外科器械,但是本公开不旨在限于此。相反,本公开广泛地涉及任何手持式器械,其包括如本文所述的流体(例如,液体、气体、蒸汽、烟雾或其组合)抽出或输送特征。作为非限制性示例,此类手持式器械可以包括牙科器械(例如,钻头、抛光工具、刮刀、压缩空气工具、抽吸工具、冲洗工具、携带检测工具、水牙线工具(例如,洁碧(waterpik))、焊接工具(例如,加热工具、烟雾收集工具、脱焊工具)、高速研磨和抛光工具(例如,德雷梅尔(Dremel)工具、雕刻工具、修指甲工具、牙科实验室研磨机/抛光工具)、激光治疗器械、激光外科手术器械、光探针、抽吸手柄(例如,扬克氏(Yankauer))、喷射工具(例如,喷砂、喷粗砂)、冲击波治疗工具、超声波治疗工具、超声波探头工具、超声波外科手术工具、粘合剂应用器械、胶枪、气动移液器、焊接工具、RF皱纹治疗手件、超声乳化手件、剪刀、剃须刀或须刀手件、微钻手件、真空手件、小零件搬运手件、纹身针柄、小手电筒手件、电子手件、低速磨削、抛光和雕刻工具、永久化妆手件、电探针手件、铁磁外科手术手件、外科手术等离子手件、氩梁外科手术手件、外科手术激光手件、外科手术抽吸器械(例如,吸脂插管)、外科手术抽吸插管、微晶磨皮手件、光纤相机手件、微镜手件、pH探针手件、光纤和LED光源手件、水力手术手件、矫形剃须刀、刀具、毛刺手件、木材燃烧工具、电动螺丝刀、电子垫手写笔等。
在不脱离本发明实质或本质特征的情况下,本发明还可以其它具体形式体现。所述实施方案被认为在所有方面仅是例示性的而非限制性的。因此,本发明的范围由所附权利要求书而非前述描述来指示。在权利要求书的等同含义和范围内的所有改变都涵盖在权利要求书范围之内。

Claims (22)

1.一种手持式器械,包括:
手件,所述手件具有近侧端部、远侧端部和内部导管;
前部件,所述前部件在相对于所述手件的静止位置与所述手件联接或成一体,所述前部件具有通入所述手件的内部导管中的远侧开口,使得所述手件外部的大气和所述手件的内部导管之间进行流体连通,所述远侧开口具有带第一尺寸的内表面;
可延伸节段,所述可延伸节段至少部分地设置在所述手件的内部导管内并朝远侧延伸到所述前部件的所述远侧开口之外,所述可延伸节段被构造成相对于所述手件在完全缩回位置和完全伸出位置之间选择性平移,所述可延伸节段具有带第二尺寸的外表面,所述第二尺寸小于所述第一尺寸,使得间隙形成在所述前部件的远侧开口的内表面的至少一部分和所述可延伸节段的外表面之间,所述可延伸节段具有通入可延伸节段导管中的面向远侧开口;和
负压源,所述负压源经由所述内部导管通过所述前部件内的远侧开口并经由所述可延伸节段通过所述可延伸节段导管内的面向远侧开口两者与所述手持式器械的外部大气流体连通,所述负压源使得:
所述可延伸节段能够用作第一流体抽出部件,从而流体能够抽入所述可延伸节段的面向远侧开口并经由负压源经过可延伸节段导管;并且
使得所述间隙和所述内部导管能够用作第二流体抽出部件,从而流体能够抽入所述间隙并经由负压源经过所述内部导管,其中所述间隙直接通向所述手件外部的大气,使得流体能够直接经过所述间隙抽入所述内部导管而不流过所述可延伸节段导管;
其中可延伸节段相对于所述手件的选择性平移改变所述第一流体抽出部件和所述第二流体抽出部件之间的距离。
2.根据权利要求1所述的手持式器械,还包括设置在所述可延伸节段的远侧端部处的电极端头,所述电极端头被配置为能够将电能传递到目标组织。
3.根据权利要求1所述的手持式器械,其中第二导管的远侧开口的闭合被配置成增加第一流体抽出部件的第一导管的远侧开口处的负压。
4.根据权利要求3所述的手持式器械,其中所述可延伸节段能够沿着从所述手件的所述近侧端部延伸到所述远侧端部的轴线选择性地平移。
5.根据权利要求1所述的手持式器械,其中所述负压源是附接到所述手件的真空软管,所述真空软管被构造成能够将吸入所述内部导管和所述可延伸节段导管中的一者或两者中的流体传送走。
6.根据权利要求5所述的手持式器械,其中所述真空软管是实用导管的一部分,并且所述实用导管联接到所述手件。
7.根据权利要求6所述的手持式器械,其中所述实用导管在设置在所述手件的所述近侧端部处或附近的实用导管联接器处联接到所述手件。
8.根据权利要求1所述的手持式器械,还包括实用导管,所述实用导管联接到所述手件并被构造成能够将电力缆线和真空软管连接到所述手持式器械。
9.根据权利要求1所述的手持式器械,其中所述可延伸节段由导电材料制成。
10.根据权利要求1所述的手持式器械,其中所述前部件形成有在远侧方向上向内渐缩的锥形轮廓。
11.根据权利要求1所述的手持式器械,其中所述前部件包括被构造成能够相对于所述前部件将所述可延伸节段保持或稳定就位的一个或多个支撑件。
12.根据权利要求11所述的手持式器械,其中所述一个或多个支撑件被构造成能够在所述手持式器械的操作期间摩擦地保持所述可延伸节段的位置,同时在手动施加力下允许所述可延伸节段的选择性平移。
13.根据权利要求11所述的手持式器械,其中所述一个或多个支撑件被制成向内延伸的径向延伸部。
14.根据权利要求1所述的手持式器械,其中所述内部导管的尺寸和形状被构造成能够包围所述可延伸节段的没有朝远侧延伸超过所述手件的部分。
15.根据权利要求1所述的手持式器械,其中所述前部件设置在所述手件的所述远侧端部处。
16.根据权利要求1所述的手持式器械,还包括被构造成能够限制所述可延伸节段在所述内部导管内的近侧平移的后止动件,以及被构造成能够限制所述可延伸节段在所述内部导管内的远侧移动的前止动件。
17.根据权利要求1所述的手持式器械,还包括在所述可延伸节段的近侧端部处结合到所述可延伸节段或与所述可延伸节段成一体的连接器,所述连接器包括一个或多个突出部,所述突出部径向向外延伸到所述内部导管的内壁并且被构造成能够通过摩擦保持所述可延伸节段相对于所述内部导管的位置。
18.根据权利要求17所述的手持式器械,其中所述连接器被构造成能够在所述手持式器械的操作期间摩擦地保持所述可延伸节段的位置,同时在手动施加力下允许所述可延伸节段的选择性平移和旋转。
19.根据权利要求1所述的手持式器械,其中所形成的所述可延伸节段的长度大约与所述手件的长度相同。
20.根据权利要求1所述的手持式器械,其中所述可延伸节段的面向远侧的开口的直径小于所述前部件的远侧开口的直径。
21.根据权利要求20所述的手持式器械,其中所述前部件的所述远侧开口的直径与所述可延伸节段的面向远侧的开口的直径的比率的范围是从1.1:1到10:1。
22.根据权利要求20所述的手持式器械,其中所述前部件的所述远侧开口的直径与所述可延伸节段的面向远侧的开口的直径的比率的范围是从2:1到3:1。
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EP3471641A1 (en) 2019-04-24
US11617611B2 (en) 2023-04-04
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CN109328040A (zh) 2019-02-12
MX2018015525A (es) 2019-03-18
AU2017286808A1 (en) 2018-12-06
JP2019520137A (ja) 2019-07-18
BR112018076129A2 (pt) 2019-03-26
WO2017219014A1 (en) 2017-12-21
US20170360499A1 (en) 2017-12-21
JP7118899B2 (ja) 2022-08-16
CA3027724A1 (en) 2017-12-21

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