CN109321194A - 一种低voc汽车专用水性胶水及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种低voc汽车专用水性胶水及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109321194A CN109321194A CN201811090004.8A CN201811090004A CN109321194A CN 109321194 A CN109321194 A CN 109321194A CN 201811090004 A CN201811090004 A CN 201811090004A CN 109321194 A CN109321194 A CN 109321194A
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- glue
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- water
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Abstract
本发明属于高分子材料和化工技术领域,涉及一种汽车用胶水,具体涉及一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水及其制备方法。该胶水由A、B两组分组成,所述的A组分和B组分的重量比为100:(5‑10);其中,所述的组份A由以下按质量百分比的原料组成:改性聚氨酯乳液50‑65%、吸附剂5‑10%、助溶剂3‑6%、消泡剂0.3‑0.8%、流平剂0.5‑0.8%、润湿剂0.1‑0.5%、增稠剂0.5‑1%、稳定剂1‑1.5%、去离子水余量;所述的B组分由以下按重量份的原料组成:异氰酸酯固化剂70‑80%、助溶剂20‑30%。本发明的胶水以水为介质,使用时无毒、无污染、低VOC和低气味等环保优点,而且在性能上仍具有高光泽、高耐磨性、高弹性、高粘结性、耐水、耐候、耐化学药品等优异的性能,制备方法简单,便于操作,能耗低,适合规模化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料和化工技术领域,涉及一种汽车用胶水,具体涉及一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水及其制备方法。
背景技术
胶水在生产和生活中的作用非常大,广泛应用与各个领域,胶水形成的涂膜可对物体起到装饰、保护和标致作用,目前市面上的大部分胶水虽然制作简单、售价便宜但同时功能比较单一,只能简单的作为装饰之用,而在一些特殊的作业环境中,简单的胶水的并不能满足人们的所需。
聚氨酯 (PU) 是由多异氰酸酯 ( 以二异氰酸酯为主 ) 和低聚物多元醇通过缩聚反应聚合而成的一类高聚物。由于其分子链中含有异氰基(-NCO)和氨基甲酸酯基(-NH-COO-),故聚氨酯表现出高度的活性与极性。与含有活泼氢的基材,如泡沫、皮革、织物、纸张、陶瓷等多孔材料,以及金属、玻璃、橡胶等表面光洁的材料都有优良的化学粘接力。此外,通过改变多羟基化合物的分子量、结构等,还可以在大范围内调节聚氨酯材料的性能,使其广泛应用于工农业和日常生活的各个领域,其中包括涂料、包装、皮革等,是一种多功能聚合物材料。溶剂型聚氨酯胶粘剂是指聚氨酯溶于有机溶剂或分散于有机溶剂中形成的胶粘剂,具有弹性好、耐低温、抗磨性优良等优点。溶剂型聚氨酯胶粘剂由于对丙烯腈 - 苯乙烯 - 丁二烯共聚物(PBS)树脂、聚丙烯纤维板、织物、乙烯基塑料等具有良好的粘结性能而广泛应用于汽车内饰件聚氯乙烯(PVC)人造革、仪表板、挡泥板、门板、地毡和顶棚内衬粘结的胶粘剂。但是,溶剂型聚氨酯胶粘剂中含有苯、甲苯、二甲苯等有毒有害物质,不仅污染环境,而且会危害人体健康。近年来,汽车内的VOC排放引起了世界汽车制造业的高度关注,2011年10月国家环保部与国家质检总局联合发布的《乘用车内空气质量评价指南》,在2012年3月开始正式实施,2018年开始正式列入国家强制标准。大多数汽车内饰部件中都含有一定量的挥发性有机化合物(VOC),目前内饰部件VOC中的苯类、醛类、苯烯物含量都处于超标状态,在VOC有机挥发物中醛类是对人体伤害最大的。改造汽车环境,应从源头上防治污染源,打造一个健康舒适环保的汽车空间从根本上需要的还是技术上的革新。
目前,现有的汽车内饰用胶黏剂对环境的影响很大,同时释放的甲醛对人体的伤害更大,人们长期吸入可能造成疾病,造成不可挽回的损失,因此寻找一种低毒环保的汽车内饰用胶黏剂已经成为人们的一种迫切需要。水性胶水是以天然高分子或合成高分子为粘料,以水为溶剂或分散剂,取代对环境有污染的有毒有机溶剂,而制备成的一种环境友好型胶水,目前合成高分子型胶水主要以聚氨酯和聚丙烯酸酯为主。现有水基胶水并非100%无溶剂,可能含有有限的挥发性有机化合物作为其水性介质的助剂,以便控制粘度或流动性。优点主要是无毒害、无污染、使用安全、易实现清洁生产工艺等,但是也存在包括干燥速度慢、耐水性差、耐候性差等缺点。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是现有技术中的汽车用胶水中醛类含量高,VOC值高,气味大,耐水性差和耐候性差等问题,提供了一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水及其制备方法,其以水为介质,使用时无毒、无污染、低VOC和低气味等环保优点,经过测试复合《GB/T27630-2011-乘用车内空气质量评价指南》中规定的标准,而且在性能上仍具有高光泽、高耐磨性、高弹性、高粘结性、耐水、耐候、耐化学药品等优异的性能,制备方法简单,便于操作,能耗低,适合规模化生产。
为了实现上诉目的,本发明采用如下的技术方案:
一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水,它由A、B两组分组成,所述的A组分和B组分的重量比为100:(5-10);
其中,所述的组份A由以下按质量百分比的原料组成:
改性聚氨酯乳液50-65%、吸附剂5-10%、助溶剂3-6%、消泡剂0.3-0.8%、流平剂0.5-0.8%、润湿剂0.1-0.5%、增稠剂0.5-1%、稳定剂1-1.5%、去离子水余量;
所述的B组分由以下按重量份的原料组成:
异氰酸酯固化剂70-80%、助溶剂20-30%;
所述的组份A的改性聚氨酯乳液通过以下方法制备:
(1)在氮气或氩气的保护下,将低聚物多元醇升温至 100-120℃,真空脱水60min,降温至75-85℃,加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二羟甲基丙酸和占低聚物多元醇重量 0.01-0.05%的二月桂酸二丁基锡,反应 3-5h,生成 -NCO 端基的预聚体 ;其中低聚物多元醇与二羟甲基丙酸的摩尔数比为 1:0.5-1. 5;-OH:-NCO = 1:1.5-2,其中 -OH 表示低聚物多元醇羟基摩尔数,-NCO 表示异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯摩尔数;
(2)按小分子1,6- 己二醇与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 0. 5-1.5:1的比例加入1,6-己二醇,按小分子三羟甲基丙烷与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 0.1-1:1 的比例加入小分子三元醇,按松香树脂与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 0.1-0.5:1的比例加入质量分数为20-30%的松香树脂丙酮溶液,于75-80 ℃反应 1-3h;
(3)滴加三乙胺,调节反应液的pH值至 6-7,按照固体物料量:水 =1:1-5的质量比加入去离子水,在高速搅拌下分散成白色半透明乳液 ;
(4)真空减压脱除溶剂丙酮,得到改性聚氨酯乳液。
进一步,上述所述的低聚物多元醇为聚酯二元醇和聚醚二元醇按质量比1:1-5组成,其中聚酯二元醇为聚丁二酸丁二醇酯二醇、聚碳酸酯二醇、聚己内酯二醇中的一种或几种;聚醚二元醇为聚氧化丙烯二醇、聚四氢呋喃二醇中的一种或几种。
进一步,上述所述的松香树脂为松香甘油酯、松香季戊四醇酯、松香顺丁烯二酸酐酯中的一种或几种。
进一步,上述所述的吸附剂为纳米氧化铝和纳米二氧化硅按质量比1-3:1组成,粒径为50-500nm。
进一步,上述所述的消泡剂为氟改性硅氧烷消泡剂,优选毕克化学的BYK066N、流平剂为有机硅类流平剂,优选毕克化学的BYK-300、润湿剂为二丁基萘磺酸钠、增稠剂为缔合型聚氨酯类,优选陶氏化学Acrysol RM-8W、稳定剂为聚乙二醇200。
进一步,上诉助溶剂为异丙醇与丙二醇丁醚按质量1:1组成。
进一步,一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
(一)胶水A组分的制备:
(1)按质量百分比准确称取所需各原料;
(2)将60%的改性聚氨酯乳液和去离子水、全部的吸附剂和稳定剂一起放入搅拌机混合均匀;
(3)将上述步骤(2)混合均匀的原料放在砂磨机中研磨分散;
(4)将步骤(3)研磨分散后的原料放入搅拌釜内,加入剩余40%的改性聚氨酯乳液和去离子水、助溶剂、消泡剂、流平剂、增稠剂、润湿剂在转速1000-1200r/min下充分搅拌均匀后,进行过滤,除去机械杂质,即制成胶水A组分,包装待用;
(二)胶水B组分的制备:
将异氰酸酯和助溶剂按上述配方质量百分比置于容器中,在转速800-1000r/min下充分搅拌均匀后,经过滤产出固化剂溶液,包装待用;
(三)一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水的制备:
在使用时,将胶水A组分和胶水B组分按重量比为100:(5-10)进行混合,再添加去离子水调节至使用粘度,即一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下的有益效果:
(1)本发明的一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水及其制备方法,聚氨酯合成中采用聚酯二元醇和聚醚二元醇混合反应,丰富了聚氨酯链结构中酯基和醚基,有利于提高聚氨酯的结构稳定性和水溶性。
(2)本发明的一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水及其制备方法,在原料聚氨酯合成过程中,将松香树脂接入到聚氨酯分子链中,有利于提高聚氨酯与基材表面的粘性,硬度、耐水性均有提高。
(3)本发明的一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水及其制备方法,其以水为介质,使用时无毒、无污染、低VOC和低气味等环保优点,而且在性能上还具有高光泽、高耐磨性、高弹性、高粘结性、耐水、耐候、耐化学药品等优异的性能。
(4)本发明的一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水及其制备方法,制备方法简单,易于操作,原料和能耗成本低,环保无污染,胶水干燥速度快,施工周期短,适合规模化生产和做业。
具体实施方式
现在结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
实施例1
一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水,它由A、B两组分组成,所述的A组分和B组分的重量比为100:10;
其中,所述的组份A由以下按质量百分比的原料组成:
改性聚氨酯乳液55%、粒径为100nm的氧化铝和粒径为50nm的二氧化硅按质量比1:1组成的吸附剂8%、异丙醇与丙二醇丁醚按质量1:1组成的助溶剂5%、氟改性硅氧烷消泡剂0.5%,选自毕克化学的BYK066N、有机硅类流平剂0.8%,选自毕克化学的BYK-300、润湿剂二丁基萘磺酸钠0.5%、缔合型聚氨酯类增稠剂1%,选自陶氏化学Acrysol RM-8W、聚乙二醇2001.5%、去离子水余量;
所述的B组分由以下按重量份的原料组成:
异氰酸酯固化剂80%、异丙醇与丙二醇丁醚按质量1:1组成的助溶剂20%;
所述的组份A的改性聚氨酯乳液通过以下方法制备:
(1)在氮气或氩气的保护下,将聚丁二酸丁二醇酯二醇和聚氧化丙烯二醇按质量比1:3组成的低聚物多元醇升温至110℃,真空脱水60min,降温至 85℃,加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二羟甲基丙酸和占低聚物多元醇重量 0.03% 的二月桂酸二丁基锡,反应 3h,生成 -NCO 端基的预聚体 ;其中低聚物多元醇与二羟甲基丙酸的摩尔数比为 1:1;-OH:-NCO =1:1.5,其中 -OH 表示低聚物多元醇羟基摩尔数,-NCO 表示异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯摩尔数;
(2)按小分子1,6- 己二醇与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 1:1的比例加入1,6-己二醇,按小分子三羟甲基丙烷与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 0.5:1 的比例加入小分子三元醇,按松香甘油酯与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 0.3:1的比例加入质量分数为25%的松香树脂丙酮溶液,于80 ℃反应 1h;
(3)滴加三乙胺,调节反应液的pH值至 7,按照固体物料量:水 =1:3的质量比加入去离子水,在高速搅拌下分散成白色半透明乳液 ;
(4)真空减压脱除溶剂丙酮,得到改性聚氨酯乳液。
一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
(一)胶水A组分的制备:
(1)按质量百分比准确称取所需各原料;
(2)将60%的改性聚氨酯乳液和去离子水、全部的吸附剂和稳定剂一起放入搅拌机混合均匀;
(3)将上述步骤(2)混合均匀的原料放在砂磨机中研磨分散;
(4)将步骤(3)研磨分散后的原料放入搅拌釜内,加入剩余40%的改性聚氨酯乳液和去离子水、助溶剂、消泡剂、流平剂、增稠剂、润湿剂在转速1200r/min下充分搅拌均匀后,进行过滤,除去机械杂质,即制成胶水A组分,包装待用;
(二)胶水B组分的制备:
将异氰酸酯和助溶剂按上述配方质量百分比置于容器中,在转速1000r/min下充分搅拌均匀后,经过滤产出固化剂溶液,包装待用;
(三)一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水的制备:
在使用时,将胶水A组分和胶水B组分按重量比为100:10进行混合,再添加去离子水调节至使用粘度,即一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水。
实施例2
一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水,它由A、B两组分组成,所述的A组分和B组分的重量比为100:5;
其中,所述的组份A由以下按质量百分比的原料组成:
改性聚氨酯乳液50%、粒径为200nm的氧化铝和粒径为100nm的二氧化硅按质量比2:1组成的吸附剂5%、异丙醇与丙二醇丁醚按质量1:1组成的助溶剂3%、氟改性硅氧烷消泡剂0.8%,选自毕克化学的BYK066N、有机硅类流平剂0.5%,选自毕克化学的BYK-300、润湿剂二丁基萘磺酸钠0.3%、缔合型聚氨酯类增稠剂0.5%,选自陶氏化学Acrysol RM-8W、聚乙二醇200 1%、去离子水余量;
所述的B组分由以下按重量份的原料组成:
异氰酸酯固化剂75%、异丙醇与丙二醇丁醚按质量1:1组成的助溶剂25%;
所述的组份A的改性聚氨酯乳液通过以下方法制备:
(1)在氮气或氩气的保护下,将聚碳酸酯二醇和聚氧化丙烯二醇按质量比1:5组成的低聚物多元醇升温至120℃,真空脱水60min,降温至 80℃,加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二羟甲基丙酸和占低聚物多元醇重量 0.01% 的二月桂酸二丁基锡,反应 4h,生成 -NCO 端基的预聚体 ;其中低聚物多元醇与二羟甲基丙酸的摩尔数比为 1:0.5;-OH:-NCO = 1:1.8,其中 -OH 表示低聚物多元醇羟基摩尔数,-NCO 表示异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯摩尔数;
(2)按小分子1,6- 己二醇与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 0.5:1的比例加入1,6-己二醇,按小分子三羟甲基丙烷与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 0.1:1 的比例加入小分子三元醇,按松香季戊四醇酯与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 0.1:1的比例加入质量分数为30%的松香树脂丙酮溶液,于78 ℃反应 2h;
(3)滴加三乙胺,调节反应液的pH值至 6.5,按照固体物料量:水 =1:5的质量比加入去离子水,在高速搅拌下分散成白色半透明乳液 ;
(4)真空减压脱除溶剂丙酮,得到改性聚氨酯乳液。
一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
(一)胶水A组分的制备:
(1)按质量百分比准确称取所需各原料;
(2)将60%的改性聚氨酯乳液和去离子水、全部的吸附剂和稳定剂一起放入搅拌机混合均匀;
(3)将上述步骤(2)混合均匀的原料放在砂磨机中研磨分散;
(4)将步骤(3)研磨分散后的原料放入搅拌釜内,加入剩余40%的改性聚氨酯乳液和去离子水、助溶剂、消泡剂、流平剂、增稠剂、润湿剂在转速1100r/min下充分搅拌均匀后,进行过滤,除去机械杂质,即制成胶水A组分,包装待用;
(二)胶水B组分的制备:
将异氰酸酯和助溶剂按上述配方质量百分比置于容器中,在转速1000r/min下充分搅拌均匀后,经过滤产出固化剂溶液,包装待用;
(三)一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水的制备:
在使用时,将胶水A组分和胶水B组分按重量比为100:5进行混合,再添加去离子水调节至使用粘度,即一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水。
实施例3
一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水,它由A、B两组分组成,所述的A组分和B组分的重量比为100:8;
其中,所述的组份A由以下按质量百分比的原料组成:
改性聚氨酯乳液60%、粒径为300nm的氧化铝和粒径为100nm的二氧化硅按质量比3:1组成的吸附剂10%、异丙醇与丙二醇丁醚按质量1:1组成的助溶剂6%、氟改性硅氧烷消泡剂0.3%,选自毕克化学的BYK066N、有机硅类流平剂0.6%,选自毕克化学的BYK-300、润湿剂二丁基萘磺酸钠0.1%、缔合型聚氨酯类增稠剂0.8%,选自陶氏化学Acrysol RM-8W、聚乙二醇200 1.2%、去离子水余量;
所述的B组分由以下按重量份的原料组成:
异氰酸酯固化剂70%、异丙醇与丙二醇丁醚按质量1:1组成的助溶剂30%;
所述的组份A的改性聚氨酯乳液通过以下方法制备:
(1)在氮气或氩气的保护下,将聚己内酯二醇和聚四氢呋喃二醇按质量比1:1组成的低聚物多元醇升温至100℃,真空脱水60min,降温至 75℃,加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二羟甲基丙酸和占低聚物多元醇重量 0.05% 的二月桂酸二丁基锡,反应 5h,生成 -NCO 端基的预聚体 ;其中低聚物多元醇与二羟甲基丙酸的摩尔数比为 1:1.5;-OH:-NCO = 1:2,其中-OH 表示低聚物多元醇羟基摩尔数,-NCO 表示异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯摩尔数;
(2)按小分子1,6- 己二醇与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 1.5:1的比例加入1,6-己二醇,按小分子三羟甲基丙烷与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 1:1 的比例加入小分子三元醇,按松香季戊四醇酯与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 0.5:1的比例加入质量分数为20%的松香树脂丙酮溶液,于75℃反应 3h;
(3)滴加三乙胺,调节反应液的pH值至 6,按照固体物料量:水 =1:1的质量比加入去离子水,在高速搅拌下分散成白色半透明乳液 ;
(4)真空减压脱除溶剂丙酮,得到改性聚氨酯乳液。
一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
(一)胶水A组分的制备:
(1)按质量百分比准确称取所需各原料;
(2)将60%的改性聚氨酯乳液和去离子水、全部的吸附剂和稳定剂一起放入搅拌机混合均匀;
(3)将上述步骤(2)混合均匀的原料放在砂磨机中研磨分散;
(4)将步骤(3)研磨分散后的原料放入搅拌釜内,加入剩余40%的改性聚氨酯乳液和去离子水、助溶剂、消泡剂、流平剂、增稠剂、润湿剂在转速1000r/min下充分搅拌均匀后,进行过滤,除去机械杂质,即制成胶水A组分,包装待用;
(二)胶水B组分的制备:
将异氰酸酯和助溶剂按上述配方质量百分比置于容器中,在转速800r/min下充分搅拌均匀后,经过滤产出固化剂溶液,包装待用;
(三)一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水的制备:
在使用时,将胶水A组分和胶水B组分按重量比为100:8进行混合,再添加去离子水调节至使用粘度,即一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水。
实施例4
一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水,它由A、B两组分组成,所述的A组分和B组分的重量比为100:10;
其中,所述的组份A由以下按质量百分比的原料组成:
改性聚氨酯乳液65%、粒径为500nm的氧化铝和粒径为150nm的二氧化硅按质量比1:1组成的吸附剂6%、异丙醇与丙二醇丁醚按质量1:1组成的助溶剂4%、氟改性硅氧烷消泡剂0.5%,选自毕克化学的BYK066N、有机硅类流平剂0.7%,选自毕克化学的BYK-300、润湿剂二丁基萘磺酸钠0.2%、缔合型聚氨酯类增稠剂1%,选自陶氏化学Acrysol RM-8W、聚乙二醇2001.5%、去离子水余量;
所述的B组分由以下按重量份的原料组成:
异氰酸酯固化剂78%、异丙醇与丙二醇丁醚按质量1:1组成的助溶剂22%;
所述的组份A的改性聚氨酯乳液通过以下方法制备:
(1)在氮气或氩气的保护下,将聚碳酸酯二醇和聚四氢呋喃二醇按质量比1:4组成的低聚物多元醇升温至115℃,真空脱水60min,降温至 85℃,加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二羟甲基丙酸和占低聚物多元醇重量 0.05% 的二月桂酸二丁基锡,反应 5h,生成 -NCO 端基的预聚体 ;其中低聚物多元醇与二羟甲基丙酸的摩尔数比为 1:0.8;-OH:-NCO = 1:1.9,其中 -OH 表示低聚物多元醇羟基摩尔数,-NCO 表示异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯摩尔数;
(2)按小分子1,6- 己二醇与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 1.2:1的比例加入1,6-己二醇,按小分子三羟甲基丙烷与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 0.8:1 的比例加入小分子三元醇,按松香顺丁烯二酸酐酯与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 0.2:1的比例加入质量分数为20%的松香树脂丙酮溶液,于79℃反应 2h;
(3)滴加三乙胺,调节反应液的pH值至7,按照固体物料量:水 =1:4的质量比加入去离子水,在高速搅拌下分散成白色半透明乳液 ;
(4)真空减压脱除溶剂丙酮,得到改性聚氨酯乳液。
一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水的制备方法,具体包括如下步骤:
(一)胶水A组分的制备:
(1)按质量百分比准确称取所需各原料;
(2)将60%的改性聚氨酯乳液和去离子水、全部的吸附剂和稳定剂一起放入搅拌机混合均匀;
(3)将上述步骤(2)混合均匀的原料放在砂磨机中研磨分散;
(4)将步骤(3)研磨分散后的原料放入搅拌釜内,加入剩余40%的改性聚氨酯乳液和去离子水、助溶剂、消泡剂、流平剂、增稠剂、润湿剂在转速1000r/min下充分搅拌均匀后,进行过滤,除去机械杂质,即制成胶水A组分,包装待用;
(二)胶水B组分的制备:
将异氰酸酯和助溶剂按上述配方质量百分比置于容器中,在转速800r/min下充分搅拌均匀后,经过滤产出固化剂溶液,包装待用;
(三)一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水的制备:
在使用时,将胶水A组分和胶水B组分按重量比为100:8进行混合,再添加去离子水调节至使用粘度,即一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水。
以上述依据本发明的实施例为启示,通过上述的说明内容,相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内,进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容,必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水,其特征在于:
它由A、B两组分组成,其特征在于:所述的A组分和B组分的重量比为100:(5-10);
其中,所述的组份A由以下按质量百分比的原料组成:
改性聚氨酯乳液50-65%、吸附剂5-10%、助溶剂3-6%、消泡剂0.3-0.8%、流平剂0.5-0.8%、润湿剂0.1-0.5%、增稠剂0.5-1%、稳定剂1-1.5%、去离子水余量;
所述的B组分由以下按重量份的原料组成:
异氰酸酯固化剂70-80%、助溶剂20-30%;
所述的组份A的改性聚氨酯乳液通过以下方法制备:
(1)在氮气或氩气的保护下,将低聚物多元醇升温至 100-120℃,真空脱水60min,降温至75-85℃,加入异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、二羟甲基丙酸和占低聚物多元醇重量 0.01-0.05%的二月桂酸二丁基锡,反应 3-5h,生成 -NCO 端基的预聚体 ;其中低聚物多元醇与二羟甲基丙酸的摩尔数比为 1:0.5-1. 5;-OH:-NCO = 1:1.5-2,其中 -OH 表示低聚物多元醇羟基摩尔数,-NCO 表示异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯摩尔数;
(2)按小分子1,6- 己二醇与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 0. 5-1.5:1的比例加入1,6-己二醇,按小分子三羟甲基丙烷与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 0.1-1:1 的比例加入小分子三元醇,按松香树脂与低聚物多元醇摩尔数比为 0.1-0.5:1的比例加入质量分数为20-30%的松香树脂丙酮溶液,于75-80 ℃反应 1-3h;
(3)滴加三乙胺,调节反应液的pH值至 6-7,按照固体物料量:水 =1:1-5的质量比加入去离子水,在高速搅拌下分散成白色半透明乳液 ;
(4)真空减压脱除溶剂丙酮,得到改性聚氨酯乳液。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水,其特征在于:所述的低聚物多元醇为聚酯二元醇和聚醚二元醇按质量比1:1-5组成,其中聚酯二元醇为聚丁二酸丁二醇酯二醇、聚碳酸酯二醇、聚己内酯二醇中的一种或几种;聚醚二元醇为聚氧化丙烯二醇、聚四氢呋喃二醇中的一种或几种。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水,其特征在于:所述的松香树脂为松香甘油酯、松香季戊四醇酯、松香顺丁烯二酸酐酯中的一种或几种。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水,其特征在于:所述的吸附剂为纳米氧化铝和纳米二氧化硅按质量比1-3:1组成,粒径为50-500nm。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水,其特征在于:所述的消泡剂为氟改性硅氧烷消泡剂、流平剂为有机硅类流平剂、润湿剂为二丁基萘磺酸钠、增稠剂为缔合型聚氨酯类、稳定剂为聚乙二醇200。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水,其特征在于:所述的助溶剂为异丙醇与丙二醇丁醚按质量1:1组成。
7.一种如权利要求1所述的低VOC汽车专用水性胶水的制备方法,其特征在于:具体包括如下步骤:
(一)胶水A组分的制备:
(1)按质量百分比准确称取所需各原料;
(2)将60%的改性聚氨酯乳液和去离子水、全部的吸附剂和稳定剂一起放入搅拌机混合均匀;
(3)将上述步骤(2)混合均匀的原料放在砂磨机中研磨分散;
(4)将步骤(3)研磨分散后的原料放入搅拌釜内,加入剩余40%的改性聚氨酯乳液和去离子水、助溶剂、消泡剂、流平剂、增稠剂、润湿剂在转速1000-1200r/min下充分搅拌均匀后,进行过滤,除去机械杂质,即制成胶水A组分,包装待用;
(二)胶水B组分的制备:
将异氰酸酯和助溶剂按上述配方质量百分比置于容器中,在转速800-1000r/min下充分搅拌均匀后,经过滤产出固化剂溶液,包装待用;
(三)一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水的制备:
在使用时,将胶水A组分和胶水B组分按重量比为100:(5-10)进行混合,再添加去离子水调节至使用粘度,即一种低VOC汽车专用水性胶水。
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CN110746573A (zh) * | 2019-11-15 | 2020-02-04 | 江苏华大新材料有限公司 | 一种反光材料用耐黄变二液型聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
CN110746573B (zh) * | 2019-11-15 | 2021-11-23 | 江苏华大新材料有限公司 | 一种反光材料用耐黄变二液型聚氨酯胶粘剂及其制备方法 |
CN112175564A (zh) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-01-05 | 江苏东邦科技有限公司 | 用于座椅皮革粘接的高耐磨环保接着剂 |
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