CN109306065B - 一种pvc基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法 - Google Patents

一种pvc基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109306065B
CN109306065B CN201810990020.6A CN201810990020A CN109306065B CN 109306065 B CN109306065 B CN 109306065B CN 201810990020 A CN201810990020 A CN 201810990020A CN 109306065 B CN109306065 B CN 109306065B
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pvc
plastic composite
composite board
based stone
stone
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梅晶
张堃
袁新强
曾晨
艾桃桃
董金虎
麻龑卓
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Chongqing Science City Intellectual Property Operation Center Co ltd
Zhejiang Yanshi Industrial Co ltd
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Shaanxi Linsen Engineering Co ltd
Shaanxi University of Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种PVC基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法，包括：PVC基石塑复合板材表面活化处理：活化腻子制备、基材表面粗毛化、活化腻子施涂固化、基材表面细毛化；PMMA浆料制备；PVC基石塑复合板材表面覆膜成型；于模具中，冷压定型，上紧夹具，低温固化、高温处理、冷却脱模即得到表面覆PMMA膜的PVC基石塑复合板。本发明制备的表面覆PMMA膜的PVC基石塑复合板，能够避免传统采用表面印花和表面贴膜技术生产地板中所涉及的生产线及设备投入大和生产成本高等问题，可部分取缔目前市场上流行的复合地板、石材、亚克力面板和幕墙板等，为废物的高附加利用提供了一条新的路径。

Description

一种PVC基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合材料表面处理技术，特别涉及一种PVC基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法，属于石塑复合材料领域。
背景技术
市场上，石塑复合板材主要是PVC基石塑复合板材，多采用表面印花和表面贴膜技术生产家装地板，膜层不容许打磨抛光、易脱落，且所涉及的生产线中流程长、工序复杂，对设备要求高，设备投入大，生产成本高，而且生产的产品形式都集中在地板领域。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中存在的上述缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种PVC基石塑复合板材上，模压成型一层PMMA装饰层，为PVC基石塑复合板材表面处理提供一条生产设备投入少，工艺简单，膜层可任意打磨抛光，附着力优异的成型技术，以期部分取缔目前市场上流行的复合地板、石材、亚克力面板和幕墙板等。
本发明是通过下述技术方案来实现的。
一种PVC基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法，包括下述步骤：
1)PVC基石塑复合板材表面活化处理：
1a)活化腻子制备：将废塑料粉与甲基丙烯酸甲酯按照质量比为(0.2-0.5)：1的比例溶解形成均相溶液A，总质量为W，并向溶液A中加入氢氧化镁、钛白粉、丙烯酸、过氧化苯甲酰、有机叔胺类化合物和氧化聚乙烯蜡粉，在冰水浴中搅拌形成高粘腻子，再活化冷却后置于冰箱中冷藏备用；
1b)基材表面粗毛化：将PVC基石塑复合板材表面用砂纸进行粗磨、除尘；
1c)活化腻子施涂：采用刮涂或喷涂方式在PVC基石塑复合板材表面施涂一层小于300μm的活性腻子湿层；
1d)基材表面细毛化:将步骤1c)得到的基材于室温静置固化，经砂纸粗磨、除尘，即可得到表面活化处理的PVC基石塑复合板材；
2)PMMA浆料制备
以甲基丙烯酸甲酯为活性溶剂溶解PMMA模塑粉，总质量为N，并加入有机叔胺类化合物、过氧化苯甲酰、氧化聚乙烯蜡粉、氢氧化镁和反光颜料，经搅拌形成高分散的高粘浆料，再预聚冷却后置于冰箱中冷藏备用；
3)PVC基石塑复合板材表面覆膜成型
将PMMA浆料刮涂在PVC基石塑复合板材表面，置于含钢化玻璃模具的中，冷压定型，固化、高温处理、冷却脱模即得到表面覆PMMA膜的PVC基石塑复合板。
优选的，所述废塑料粉为废旧的有机玻璃、聚苯乙烯、苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物中的一种或几种的混合物粉料。
优选的，所述步骤1)-1a)中，按照质量比向溶液A中加入(0.4-0.6)W的氢氧化镁、(0.02-0.05)W的钛白粉、(0.01-0.05)W的丙烯酸、(0.0012-0.0024)W的过氧化苯甲酰、(0.0008-0.0016)W的有机叔胺类化合物和(0.02-0.04)W的氧化聚乙烯蜡粉。
优选的，所述有机叔胺类化合物为N，N-二甲基苯胺、N，N-二羟乙基对甲苯胺或N，N-二羟丙基对甲苯胺中一种或几种。
优选的，PVC基石塑复合板材采用陕西林森工程有限责任公司生产的PVC基石塑复合板材。
优选的，所述步骤2)中，甲基丙烯酸甲酯与PMMA模塑粉按照质量比为1：(0.1-0.4)的比例混合。
优选的，所述步骤2)中，按照质量比向总质量为N的甲基丙烯酸甲酯与PMMA模塑粉混合物中加入(0.0008-0.0016)N的有机叔胺类化合物、(0.0012-0.0024)N的过氧化苯甲酰、(0.02-0.04)N的氧化聚乙烯蜡粉、(0.4-0.6)N的氢氧化镁和(0.02-0.05)N的反光颜料。
优选的，所述反光颜料为钛白粉与自制红外反射无机颜料(ZL201510890065.2)、自制红外反射无机颜料(ZL201310256735.6)、自制红外反射无机颜料(ZL201010604669.3)中的一种或几种的混合物。
优选的，所述步骤1a)、步骤2)中，置于40-50℃活化、预聚10-20min。
优选的，所述步骤1d)中，室温静置固化1-2h。
优选的，所述步骤3)中，于25-35℃固化2-4h、100-120℃处理1-2h。
本发明由于采取以上技术方案，其具有以下有益效果：
相对于现有技术，本发明制备的表面覆PMMA膜的PVC基石塑复合板，能够避免传统采用表面印花和表面贴膜技术生产地板中所涉及的生产线及设备投入大和生产成本高等问题，可部分取缔目前市场上流行的复合地板、石材、亚克力面板和幕墙板等，为废物的高附加利用提供了一条新的路径。其技术工艺简单、设备投入少。
具体实施方式
下面将结合具体实施例来详细说明本发明，在此本发明的示意性实施例以及说明用来解释本发明，但并不作为对本发明的限定。
本发明PVC基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法，包括下述步骤：
1)PVC基石塑复合板材表面活化处理：
1a)活化腻子制备：本发明采用废塑料粉为废旧的有机玻璃、聚苯乙烯、苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物中的一种或几种的混合物粉料作为原料之一。将废塑料粉与甲基丙烯酸甲酯按照质量比为(0.2-0.5)：1的比例溶解形成均相溶液A，总质量为W，并向溶液A中加入(0.4-0.6)W的氢氧化镁、(0.02-0.05)W的钛白粉、(0.01-0.05)W的丙烯酸、(0.0012-0.0024)W的过氧化苯甲酰、(0.0008-0.0016)W的有机叔胺类化合物和(0.02-0.04)W的氧化聚乙烯蜡粉，在冰水浴中搅拌形成高粘腻子，再置于40-50℃活化、预聚10-20min，冷却后置于冰箱中冷藏备用；
其中，有机叔胺类化合物为N，N-二甲基苯胺、N，N-二羟乙基对甲苯胺或N，N-二羟丙基对甲苯胺中一种或几种。PVC基石塑复合板材为陕西林森工程有限责任公司生产。
1b)基材表面粗毛化：将PVC基石塑复合板材表面用300-180目砂纸进行粗磨、除尘；
1c)活化腻子施涂：采用刮涂或喷涂方式在PVC基石塑复合板材表面施涂一层小于300μm的活性腻子湿层；
1d)基材表面细毛化:将步骤1c)得到的基材于室温静置固化1-2h，经300-180目砂纸粗磨、除尘，即可得到表面活化处理的PVC基石塑复合板材；
2)PMMA浆料制备
以甲基丙烯酸甲酯为活性溶剂溶解PMMA模塑粉(其中，甲基丙烯酸甲酯与PMMA模塑粉质量比为1：(0.1-0.4)，得总质量为N的混合)、按照质量比向混合物中加入(0.0008-0.0016)N的有机叔胺类化合物和(0.0012-0.0024)W的过氧化苯甲酰，并添加(0.02-0.04)W的氧化聚乙烯蜡粉、(0.4-0.6)W的氢氧化镁、(0.02-0.05)W的反光颜料，经搅拌形成高分散的高粘浆料，再置于40-50℃预聚10-20min，冷却后置于冰箱中冷藏备用；
其中，反光颜料为钛白粉与自制红外反射无机颜料(ZL201510890065.2)、自制红外反射无机颜料(ZL201310256735.6)、自制红外反射无机颜料(ZL201010604669.3)中的一种或几种的混合物。
3)PVC基石塑复合板材表面覆膜成型
将PMMA浆料刮涂在PVC基石塑复合板材表面，置于含钢化玻璃模具的中，冷压定型，于25-35℃固化2-4h、100-120℃处理1-2h、冷却脱模即得到表面覆PMMA膜的PVC基石塑复合板。
下面给出具体实施例来进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
1)PVC基石塑复合板材表面活化处理：
活化腻子制备：将废塑料粉有机玻璃与甲基丙烯酸甲酯按照质量比为0.2：1的比例溶解形成均相溶液A，总质量为W，并向溶液A中加入0.6W的氢氧化镁、0.02W的钛白粉、0.01W的丙烯酸、0.0012W的过氧化苯甲酰、0.0008W的N，N-二甲基苯胺和0.04W的氧化聚乙烯蜡粉，在冰水浴中搅拌形成高粘腻子，再置于50℃活化、预聚10min，冷却后置于冰箱中冷藏备用；
基材表面粗毛化：将PVC基石塑复合板材表面用180目砂纸进行粗磨、除尘；
活化腻子施涂：采用刮涂方式在PVC基石塑复合板材表面施涂一层小于300μm的活性腻子湿层；
基材表面细毛化:将得到的基材于室温静置固化1h，经180目砂纸粗磨、除尘，即可得到表面活化处理的PVC基石塑复合板材。
2)PMMA浆料制备
按照甲基丙烯酸甲酯与PMMA模塑粉质量比为1：0.2混合为总质量为N的混合液，向混合液中加入质量比为0.0012N的N，N-二甲基苯胺和0.0012W的过氧化苯甲酰，并添加0.02W的氧化聚乙烯蜡粉、0.6W的氢氧化镁、0.02W的钛白粉与红外反射无机颜料(ZL201510890065.2)混合的反光颜料，经搅拌形成高分散的高粘浆料，再置于40℃预聚20min，冷却后置于冰箱中冷藏备用。
3)PVC基石塑复合板材表面覆膜成型
将PMMA浆料刮涂在PVC基石塑复合板材表面，置于含钢化玻璃模具的中，冷压定型，于25℃固化4h、100℃处理2h、冷却脱模即得到表面覆PMMA膜的PVC基石塑复合板。
实施例2
1)PVC基石塑复合板材表面活化处理：
活化腻子制备：将废塑料粉聚苯乙烯、苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物与甲基丙烯酸甲酯按照质量比为0.5：1的比例溶解形成均相溶液A，总质量为W，并向溶液A中加入0.4W的氢氧化镁、0.03W的钛白粉、0.05W的丙烯酸、0.0024W过氧化苯甲酰、0.0010W的N，N-二羟乙基对甲苯胺和0.02W的氧化聚乙烯蜡粉，在冰水浴中搅拌形成高粘腻子，再置于40℃活化、预聚20min，冷却后置于冰箱中冷藏备用；
基材表面粗毛化：将PVC基石塑复合板材表面用300目砂纸进行粗磨、除尘；
活化腻子施涂：采用刮涂方式在PVC基石塑复合板材表面施涂一层小于300μm的活性腻子湿层；
基材表面细毛化:将得到的基材于室温静置固化1h，经300目砂纸粗磨、除尘，即可得到表面活化处理的PVC基石塑复合板材。
2)PMMA浆料制备
按照甲基丙烯酸甲酯与PMMA模塑粉质量比为1：0.4混合为总质量为N的混合液，向混合液中加入质量比为0.0008N的N，N-二甲基苯胺和0.0024W的过氧化苯甲酰，并添加0.03W的氧化聚乙烯蜡粉、0.4W的氢氧化镁、0.05W的钛白粉与红外反射无机颜料(ZL201310256735.6)混合的反光颜料，经搅拌形成高分散的高粘浆料，再置于50℃预聚10min，冷却后置于冰箱中冷藏备用。
3)PVC基石塑复合板材表面覆膜成型
将PMMA浆料刮涂在PVC基石塑复合板材表面，置于含钢化玻璃模具的中，冷压定型，于35℃固化2h、120℃处理1h、冷却脱模即得到表面覆PMMA膜的PVC基石塑复合板。
实施例3
1)PVC基石塑复合板材表面活化处理：
活化腻子制备：将废塑料粉乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物与甲基丙烯酸甲酯按照质量比为0.4：1的比例溶解形成均相溶液A，总质量为W，并向溶液A中加入0.5W的氢氧化镁、0.05W的钛白粉、0.03W的丙烯酸、0.0018W的过氧化苯甲酰、0.0016W的N，N-二羟丙基对甲苯胺和0.03W的氧化聚乙烯蜡粉，在冰水浴中搅拌形成高粘腻子，再置于40℃活化、预聚20min，冷却后置于冰箱中冷藏备用；
基材表面粗毛化：将PVC基石塑复合板材表面用200目砂纸进行粗磨、除尘；
活化腻子施涂：采用刮涂方式在PVC基石塑复合板材表面施涂一层小于300μm的活性腻子湿层；
基材表面细毛化:将得到的基材于室温静置固化1h，经200目砂纸粗磨、除尘，即可得到表面活化处理的PVC基石塑复合板材。
2)PMMA浆料制备
按照甲基丙烯酸甲酯与PMMA模塑粉质量比为1：0.1混合为总质量为N的混合液，向混合液中加入质量比为0.0016N的N，N-二羟丙基对甲苯胺和0.0020W的过氧化苯甲酰，并添加0.04W的氧化聚乙烯蜡粉、0.5W的氢氧化镁、0.04W的反光颜料经搅拌形成高分散的高粘浆料，再置于45℃预聚20min，冷却后置于冰箱中冷藏备用。
3)PVC基石塑复合板材表面覆膜成型
将PMMA浆料刮涂在PVC基石塑复合板材表面，置于含钢化玻璃模具的中，冷压定型，于35℃固化2h、110℃处理2h、冷却脱模即得到表面覆PMMA膜的PVC基石塑复合板。
本发明在PVC基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜后，邵氏硬度大于88HD，50cm冲击无开裂，耐磨性(g/100r)小于0.11，附着力为0级，光泽度大于90°，接触角大于80°，可任意打磨抛光，能够部分取缔目前市场上流行的复合地板、石材、亚克力面板和幕墙板等，附加值高。
本发明并不局限于上述实施例，在本发明公开的技术方案的基础上，本领域的技术人员根据所公开的技术内容，不需要创造性的劳动就可以对其中的一些技术特征作出一些替换和变形，这些替换和变形均在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (8)

1.一种PVC基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法，其特征在于，包括下述步骤：
1)PVC基石塑复合板材表面活化处理：
1a)活化腻子制备：将废塑料粉与甲基丙烯酸甲酯按照质量比为(0.2-0.5)：1的比例溶解形成均相溶液A，总质量为W，并按照质量比向溶液A中加入氢氧化镁、钛白粉、丙烯酸、过氧化苯甲酰、有机叔胺类化合物和氧化聚乙烯蜡粉，在冰水浴中搅拌形成高粘腻子，再活化冷却后置于冰箱中冷藏备用；
所述废塑料粉为废旧的有机玻璃、聚苯乙烯、苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物中的一种或几种的混合物粉料；
1b)基材表面粗毛化：将PVC基石塑复合板材表面用砂纸进行粗磨、除尘；
1c)活化腻子施涂：采用刮涂或喷涂方式在PVC基石塑复合板材表面施涂一层小于300μm的活性腻子湿层；
1d)基材表面细毛化:将步骤1c)得到的基材于室温静置固化，经砂纸粗磨、除尘，即可得到表面活化处理的PVC基石塑复合板材；
2)PMMA浆料制备
以甲基丙烯酸甲酯为活性溶剂溶解PMMA模塑粉，总质量为N，并加入有机叔胺类化合物、过氧化苯甲酰、氧化聚乙烯蜡粉、氢氧化镁和反光颜料，经搅拌形成高分散的高粘浆料，再预聚冷却后置于冰箱中冷藏备用；
3)PVC基石塑复合板材表面覆膜成型
将PMMA浆料刮涂在PVC基石塑复合板材表面，置于含钢化玻璃模具的中，冷压定型，固化、高温处理、冷却脱模即得到表面覆PMMA膜的PVC基石塑复合板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的PVC基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1)-1a)中，按照质量比向溶液A中加入(0.4-0.6)W的氢氧化镁、(0.02-0.05)W的钛白粉、(0.01-0.05)W的丙烯酸、(0.0012-0.0024)W的过氧化苯甲酰、(0.0008-0.0016)W的有机叔胺类化合物和(0.02-0.04)W的氧化聚乙烯蜡粉。
3.根据权利要求2所述的PVC基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法，其特征在于，所述有机叔胺类化合物为N，N-二甲基苯胺、N，N-二羟乙基对甲苯胺或N，N-二羟丙基对甲苯胺中一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的PVC基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤2)中，甲基丙烯酸甲酯与PMMA模塑粉按照质量比为1：(0.1-0.4)的比例混合；按照质量比向总质量为N的甲基丙烯酸甲酯与PMMA模塑粉混合物中加入(0.0008-0.0016)N的有机叔胺类化合物、(0.0012-0.0024)N的过氧化苯甲酰、(0.02-0.04)N的氧化聚乙烯蜡粉、(0.4-0.6)N的氢氧化镁和(0.02-0.05)N的反光颜料。
5.根据权利要求4所述的PVC基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法，其特征在于，所述反光颜料为钛白粉与红外反射无机颜料中的一种或几种的混合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的PVC基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1a)、步骤2)中，置于40-50℃活化、预聚10-20min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的PVC基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1d)中，室温静置固化1-2h。
8.根据权利要求1所述的PVC基石塑复合板材表面模压覆膜制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤3)中，于25-35℃固化2-4h、100-120℃处理1-2h。
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