CN109302878B - Harvester special for millet - Google Patents
Harvester special for millet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109302878B CN109302878B CN201811435158.6A CN201811435158A CN109302878B CN 109302878 B CN109302878 B CN 109302878B CN 201811435158 A CN201811435158 A CN 201811435158A CN 109302878 B CN109302878 B CN 109302878B
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- threshing
- stalk
- millet
- grain
- plate
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- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 10
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 7
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001124569 Lycaenidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005775 Setaria Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000232088 Setaria <nematode> Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005498 Setaria italica Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015505 Sorghum bicolor subsp. bicolor Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012182 cereal bars Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000002252 panizo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D41/00—Combines, i.e. harvesters or mowers combined with threshing devices
- A01D41/02—Self-propelled combines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D57/00—Delivering mechanisms for harvesters or mowers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D63/00—Outside dividers
- A01D63/02—Rotating dividers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D63/00—Outside dividers
- A01D63/04—Non-rotating dividers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/18—Threshing devices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/18—Threshing devices
- A01F12/22—Threshing cylinders with teeth
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01F—PROCESSING OF HARVESTED PRODUCE; HAY OR STRAW PRESSES; DEVICES FOR STORING AGRICULTURAL OR HORTICULTURAL PRODUCE
- A01F12/00—Parts or details of threshing apparatus
- A01F12/44—Grain cleaners; Grain separators
- A01F12/446—Sieving means
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The harvester special for millet is characterized in that a harvesting platform, an operation platform and a threshing cylinder device are respectively arranged at the front part, the middle part and the rear part of the harvester body, the harvesting platform comprises a horizontal harvesting feeder and crop dividers symmetrically arranged at two sides of the harvesting feeder and used for dividing the millet according to rows and facilitating harvesting, the harvesting feeder is matched with a packing auger arranged above the rear part of the harvesting feeder to convey cut ears into the threshing cylinder device through a conveying device for threshing, and the threshed millet is conveyed out of the harvester body through a guide plate. The grain divider on two sides of the header is improved, the right triangle-shaped supporting plate is used as a main body, the upper fixing device and the lower fixing device are used for rotatably arranging the cylindrical grain dividing cylinder on the inclined edge of the supporting plate, and the grain dividing cylinder rotates to offset resistance generated during contact in the advancing process of a machine body, so that the intertwined grain ears are combed, and the phenomenon that the intertwined grain ears fall onto the ground due to cutting caused by cutting of mechanical thrust is avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to grain harvesting equipment in agricultural machinery, in particular to a harvester special for millet.
Background
Millet is also called millet, a cultivar (2n=2x=18) of the family poaceae, the family broomcorn, the genus setaria (Setria itarlica bueav), the english name foxtail millet, and a cultivation history of 7300 years has been known. Millet is commonly called in the north of China, and millet is called after peeling. The matured millet is in the form of ears, each ear has a real number of about 1 ten thousand grains, the fruiting body is extremely small, the diameter is about 0.1cm, the thousand grain weight is about 3g, and the matured millet ears are generally golden yellow and oval seeds. The millet has high nutritive value and contains rich protein, fat and vitamins, and is one of the main grains of people in northern China.
The millet harvester used in the prior art is not specially used for harvesting millet, but is used for harvesting the millet after simply modifying the harvester for crops such as rape, rice, wheat and the like. Compared with crops such as wheat, rice and the like, the millet has harder stems, higher plant heights and larger ears, so that after the millet is ripe, the ears tend to press and force the stems at the roots of the ears to bend under the action of gravity, the ears are easier to topple and fall down, moreover, due to the sagging of the ears, the planting density of the millet tends to be larger, the ears are easy to intertwine, and the phenomenon of intertwining does not occur in wheat, rice and rape crops. When harvesting millet by a harvester for these crops, the harvesting efficiency of millet is improved, but the harvesting effect is poor due to the problems of the difference between the stalks of millet and the ears of millet and the stalks of other crops, which is particularly expressed in the following problems:
1) The millet straw is higher, the ear length is different among varieties, the ear is large and heavy, the ear position difference is larger, the ear stems are easy to intertwine, the header loss is larger, and the current rice and wheat cutter-windrower in the market is difficult to feed and easy to block the roller when harvesting the millet;
2) The cornstalks are difficult to harvest when toppling or lodging, the cornstalks are early harvested, and Gu Ma is difficult to fall off when the cornstalks turn green.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the existing other crop harvesters have large difference of ear positions, the ear stems are easy to intertwine, and the grain stalks are difficult to harvest when toppling or lodging, the invention provides a harvester special for the millet.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the harvester special for the millet comprises a machine body, wherein a harvesting platform, an operation platform and a threshing cylinder device are respectively arranged at the front part, the middle part and the rear part of the machine body, the harvesting platform comprises a horizontal harvesting feeder and grain dividers symmetrically arranged at two sides of the harvesting feeder for dividing the millet according to rows so as to facilitate harvesting, the harvesting feeder is matched with a packing auger arranged above the rear part of the harvesting feeder to convey the cut grain to the threshing cylinder device through a conveying device for threshing, the threshed grain is conveyed out of the machine body through a material guide plate, the grain dividers comprise a supporting plate in a right-angle triangle shape, the inclined edge of the grain dividers faces the advancing direction of the machine body, a hollow cylindrical grain dividing cylinder is arranged on the inclined edge, the cylindrical grain dividing cylinder is supported and fixed by a hollow fixed shaft arranged in the grain dividing cylinder, and the bottom end and the top of the fixed shaft and the cylindrical grain dividing cylinder are respectively provided with a lower fixing device and an upper fixing device for rotation and fixation;
the lower fixing device comprises a conical sleeve detachably connected with the bottom end of the cylindrical grain separating cylinder through threads, a hole for the bottom end of a hollow fixed shaft to pass through is formed in the conical tip of the conical sleeve, the bottom end of the hollow fixed shaft is internally connected with a conical sleeve arranged on the inclined edge of the supporting plate through a fixing column after passing through the hole, the front part of the conical sleeve is positioned in the conical sleeve, and a gap is formed between the conical sleeve and the side wall of the conical sleeve, so that the conical sleeve can well rotate (in actual use, the gap is small enough, for example, less than 1mm, so as to prevent grains, gu She or sundries from entering the conical sleeve, and an elastic filler can be arranged between the conical sleeve and the conical sleeve to seal the gap under the condition of not obstructing the rotation of the conical sleeve);
the upper fixing device comprises a fixing sleeve fixed at the top end of the inclined edge of the supporting plate, the top end of the cylindrical grain separating cylinder is rotatably arranged in the fixing sleeve through a fixing bearing I, an end cover sleeved outside the cylindrical grain separating cylinder is arranged at the end part of the fixing sleeve, one side of the end cover is provided with a connecting sleeve, and the connecting sleeve is connected with the outer wall of the fixing sleeve through internal threads.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, two ends of the inside of the cylindrical grain separating cylinder are supported and fixed with the hollow fixed shaft through an upper fixed bearing and a lower fixed bearing respectively.
According to another preferred embodiment of the threshing machine, the harvesting feeder comprises a stalk cutting plate horizontally arranged between two stalk separators, a plurality of stalk separators parallel to the advancing direction of the machine body are arranged above the stalk cutting plate side by side, each stalk separator is a semi-cylindrical closed hollow body with a conical tip, stalk stirring channels passing through grain ears are arranged between adjacent stalk separators, the stalk separators are ordered in a direction perpendicular to the advancing direction of the machine body, the stalk separators on the left side of the first stalk separator are close to the stalk separators on the right side of the last stalk separator, a space is formed between the stalk separators on the right side of the last stalk separator and the stalk separators on the side of the last stalk separator, a through groove extending along the stalk separators is formed in the right side of each stalk separator, the through groove communicates the stalk separators with the stalk separators, two rotating wheel discs are arranged in each stalk separator in a rotating mode through two rotating shafts, a connecting line of the two rotating wheel discs is parallel to the stalk separators, a closed loop is arranged around the two rotating wheel discs, the stalk separators are distributed along the length direction of the stalk separators, the stalk separators are closely adjacent to the stalk separators, the two rotating wheel discs are closely arranged on the rotating wheel discs, the stalk separators are closely along the advancing direction, the stalk separators are closely arranged on the stalk separators, the stalk separators are in the two rotating wheel discs, the two rotating ring rotating wheel discs are arranged in the closed loop rotating ring rotating transmission components, and the two rotating ring rotating wheel discs are arranged in the ring rotating mechanism and are arranged in the rotating ring, and the rotating mechanism, and the threshing device are arranged in the rotating ring, and move along the ring, and the rotating ring and move part and rotate ring.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the end face of one side of the stalk cutting plate, which is close to the head of the machine body, is an inclined plane extending from top to bottom towards the tail of the machine body, so that a wedge-shaped cutter for cutting the stalks of the millet is formed at the side, and the cutter is positioned at the rear part of the stirring channel, so that the stalks are cut off by the cutter in the forward transportation process of the ears under the action of a screw; a plurality of fixing strips are horizontally and fixedly arranged on the end face of the cutting knife of the stalk cutting board, and each fixing strip is positioned below one reel, so that the reel is fixed.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the rotating shafts of the two rotating wheel discs in the reel pass through the fixed batten and are fixedly connected with the fixed batten through the fixed bearing, the other ends of the two rotating shafts pass through the two rotating wheel discs and are also rotationally connected with the inner wall of the reel through the fixed bearing, and one of the two rotating shafts is connected with the transmission shaft through the transmission belt, so that the power on the transmission shaft is transmitted to the rotating shafts. The transmission shaft is driven by an engine, and one rotating shaft of the transmission assembly in all the reel is connected with the transmission shaft through a transmission belt, so that all closed loop chains are guaranteed to move in the same direction. The engine is arranged in a fixed box body below the front part of the engine body, the output power of the engine is output to the transmission shaft after being decelerated by the speed reducer, and the free end of the transmission shaft is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the stalk cutting plate through a bearing or supported and fixed in other modes.
In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the threshing cylinder device comprises a cylinder body with a threshing shaft inside, wherein a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are arranged at two ends of the cylinder body, and the lower part of the cylinder body is a reticular shell, so that the threshed grains fall onto a material guiding plate below after being screened by the reticular shell; a secondary sieve plate is arranged between the material guide plate and the net-shaped shell, and a short straw blowing channel is formed between the secondary sieve plate and the net-shaped shell; a fixed baffle is arranged at the lower part of the discharge hole and protrudes out of the bottom of the discharge hole, so that a straw accumulation area is formed at the bottom of the discharge hole; the bottom of the fixed baffle is rotationally connected with a movable baffle through a hinge, and when the hinge is naturally opened, the movable baffle seals the short straw blowing passage. The front section inclination amplitude of the material guiding plate is larger than the rear section inclination amplitude, so that grains can move on the material guiding plate conveniently.
In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper part of the drum body is a soft sealing area with a rubber cushion layer laid on the inner wall, a plurality of auxiliary threshing mechanisms are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the soft sealing area, each auxiliary threshing mechanism comprises a rubber connecting base fixed on the rubber cushion layer, a long rubber threshing plate and a short rubber threshing plate are respectively and obliquely arranged on the surface of the rubber connecting base, the long rubber threshing plate and the short rubber threshing plate form a # -shape, and the oblique extending direction of the long rubber threshing plate is intersected with the rotating direction of the threshing shaft, so that the ears thrown out by the threshing shaft impact on the surface of the long rubber threshing plate to complete threshing. The soft sealing area is made of iron sheet, the inner wall of the iron sheet is covered with a rubber layer, and the thickness of the rubber layer is 2-5mm; the length of the long rubber threshing plate is longer than that of the short rubber threshing plate, and the height of the free end of the long rubber threshing plate is lower than that of the short rubber threshing plate.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, one end of the secondary sieve plate, which is close to the outlet of the short straw blowing channel, is provided with an upturned section.
In another preferred embodiment of the threshing shaft, the threshing shaft comprises a motor-driven rotating shaft positioned on the central axis of the roller body, at least two circular connecting plates are arranged on the rotating shaft at intervals along the length direction of the rotating shaft, the two circular connecting plates are positioned inside two ends of the roller body, a plurality of fixing rods parallel to the central axis of the roller body are uniformly arranged around the circular connecting plates, a plurality of threshing rods are uniformly distributed on each fixing rod along the length direction of the fixing rods, and the rotating shaft and the fixing rods are driven to rotate by the motor, so that the threshing rods on the fixing rods beat and thresh the ears.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) According to the invention, the grain divider on two sides of the header at the front part of the machine body is improved, the right-angled triangle-shaped supporting plate is used as a main body, the upper fixing device and the lower fixing device are used for rotationally arranging the cylindrical grain dividing cylinder on the inclined edge of the supporting plate, so that in the advancing process of the machine body, the cylindrical grain dividing cylinder advances along a gap between two rows of grains, in the process, if lodged or inclined grain bars are encountered, the right-angled triangle-shaped supporting plate can straighten and drag the lodged or inclined grain bars from top to bottom, and when the resistance generated by the intertwined grain ears acts on the grain dividing cylinder due to the existence of the cylindrical grain dividing cylinder on the inclined edge, the grain dividing cylinder rotates to offset the resistance generated by contact, so that the intertwined grain ears are carded, the mechanical thrust is prevented from cutting off the intertwined grain ears to drop to the ground, and the cutting loss of the grain bars is prevented in the grain dividing process due to the rotary buffer design; the conical sleeve at the bottom end of the cylindrical seedling separating cylinder is matched with the conical sleeve, so that the seedling separating effect is enhanced, and meanwhile, sundries can be prevented from entering the lower fixing device, thereby preventing the seedling separating cylinder from rotating;
2) According to the invention, a harvesting feeder in a harvesting header at the front part of a machine body is modified, a plurality of rice poking devices are arranged at the upper part of a stalk cutting plate, a material poking channel is formed between the two rice poking devices, and a transmission assembly formed by two rotating wheel discs and a closed loop chain with a shifting fork is arranged in each rice poking device to convey cereal ears and cereal bars; the grain pulling device is a semi-cylindrical closed hollow body with a conical tip, and the conical tip at the front part of the grain pulling device can comb grains in a harvesting range, so that the problem that the grains cannot be harvested due to the fact that the grains are heavy and bent to the height of a threshing transmission assembly is prevented;
3) In order to solve the problems of poor cleanliness and high impurity content of the millet after threshing in the threshing cylinder device, the invention improves the cylinder body, and adds a secondary sieve plate below the lower reticular shell of the cylinder body, thereby carrying out secondary screening on the grains and improving the cleanliness; the short straw blowing channel is formed between the secondary sieve plate and the net-shaped shell, the screened short straw in the short straw blowing channel is blown out along the short straw blowing channel under the wind power of a screening fan of the machine body, and the tail end of the short straw blowing channel is provided with a movable baffle, so that the short straw blowing channel is piled up at the tail end of the channel and cleaned manually, and the blown short straw is prevented from falling into the cleaned grains again;
4) Because the husks of the threshed millet (namely millet) are easier to damage compared with crops such as wheat, rape and the like, and further the nutritive value is reduced, and more seeds are doped, the upper part of the roller body is provided with the soft sealing area of which the inner wall is paved with the rubber cushion layer, so that the elastic buffering can be generated when the millet is hit in the soft sealing area, and the appearance breakage rate of the millet is reduced; meanwhile, in order to improve threshing quality of the millet, an auxiliary threshing mechanism is arranged in the soft sealing area, the auxiliary threshing mechanism is provided with a long rubber threshing plate and a short rubber threshing plate, the millet ears firstly strike the long rubber threshing plate in the process of rotating along with the threshing shaft and then collide with the short rubber threshing plate, and threshing efficiency is improved in the multiple collision process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of a crop divider;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the lower crop divider fixture;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the fixing device on the crop divider;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a harvesting feeder;
fig. 6 is a top plan view of an arrangement of the reel;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the threshing cylinder device;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a roller body;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary threshing mechanism;
reference numerals: 1. a divider, 101, a support plate, 102, a fixed shaft, 103, a cylindrical seedling dividing cylinder, 2, a lower fixing device, 201, a conical sleeve, 202, a conical sleeve, 203, a lower fixing bearing, 204, a fixed column, 3, an upper fixing device, 301, a fixed sleeve, 302, a fixed bearing I, 303, a connecting sleeve, 304, an end cover, 305, an upper fixing bearing, 4, a harvesting feeder, 401, a seedling pulling device, 402, a stalk cutting plate, 403, a transmission belt, 404, a rotary wheel disc, 405, a rotary shaft, 406, a shifting fork, 407, a closed loop chain, 408, a transmission shaft, 409, a stirring channel, 4010, a fixed slat, 5, a screw conveyer, 6, a conveying device, 7, a threshing cylinder device, 701, a cylinder body, 7011, a soft sealing area, 7012, a net-shaped shell, 702, a feed inlet, 703, a discharge outlet, 704, an auxiliary threshing mechanism, 7041, a rubber connecting base, 7042, a long rubber threshing plate, 7043, a short rubber threshing plate, 705, a secondary sieve plate, 7051, an upturned section, 706, a short straw blowing channel, 707, a fixed baffle, 708, a movable baffle, 709, a hinge, 8, a guide plate, 9, a threshing shaft, 901, a rotating shaft, 902, a circular connecting plate, 903, a fixed rod, 904 and a threshing rod.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further illustrated and described below with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-4, a harvester special for millet comprises a harvester body, wherein a harvesting platform, an operation platform and a threshing cylinder device 7 are respectively arranged at the front part, the middle part and the rear part of the harvester body, a power part arranged on the harvester body and a fan for blowing air into the threshing cylinder device 7 to play a screening role do not belong to the improvement scope of the invention, and are not discussed herein; the harvesting platform comprises a horizontal harvesting feeder 4 and crop dividers 1 symmetrically arranged at two sides of the harvesting feeder 4 and used for dividing the crops into rows for harvesting conveniently, the harvesting feeder 4 is matched with a packing auger 5 arranged above the harvesting feeder 4 to convey the cut-off corn ears into a threshing cylinder device 7 for threshing through a conveying device 6, the conveying device 6 is a conveying belt or a bucket elevator, the threshed corn ears are conveyed out of a machine body through a guide plate 8, the crop dividers 1 comprise a right-angled triangle-shaped supporting plate 101, the inclined edges of the crop dividers face the advancing direction of the machine body, hollow cylindrical crop dividing cylinders 103 are arranged on the inclined edges, the cylindrical crop dividing cylinders 103 are supported and fixed by hollow fixed shafts 102 arranged in the crop dividing cylinders, and the fixed shafts 102 and the bottom ends and the tops of the cylindrical crop dividing cylinders 103 are respectively provided with a lower fixing device 2 and an upper fixing device 3 for rotating and fixing;
the lower fixing device 2 comprises a conical sleeve 202 detachably connected with the bottom end of the cylindrical grain separating cylinder 103 through threads, a hole for the bottom end of the hollow fixed shaft 102 to pass through is formed in the conical tip of the conical sleeve 202, the bottom end of the hollow fixed shaft 102 passes through the hole and is connected with the inside of a conical sleeve 201 arranged on the inclined edge of the supporting plate 101 through a fixing column 204, the front part of the conical sleeve 202 is positioned in the conical sleeve 201, and a gap is formed between the conical sleeve 202 and the side wall of the conical sleeve 201, so that the conical sleeve 202 can well rotate (in actual use, the gap is small enough, such as less than 1mm, for preventing grains, gu She or sundries from entering the conical sleeve 202, and elastic filler can be arranged between the conical sleeve and the conical sleeve to seal the gap under the condition of not obstructing the rotation of the conical sleeve 202);
the upper fixing device 3 comprises a fixing sleeve 301 fixed on the top end of the inclined edge of the supporting plate 101, the top end of the cylindrical grain separating cylinder 103 is rotatably arranged in the fixing sleeve 301 through a fixing bearing I302, an end cover 304 sleeved outside the cylindrical grain separating cylinder 103 is arranged at the end part of the fixing sleeve 301, a connecting sleeve 303 is arranged on one side of the end cover 304, and the connecting sleeve 303 is connected with the outer wall of the fixing sleeve 301 through internal threads.
In the embodiment, the cylindrical grain separating cylinder 103, the conical sleeve 202 and the conical sleeve 201 are all formed by rolling metal aluminum or metal iron sheets with the thickness of about 2 mm; the hollow stationary shaft 102 is of a hollow structure for weight saving.
The above is a basic embodiment of the invention, which can be further optimized, improved and defined on the basis of the above, resulting in the following embodiments:
example 2
This embodiment is a further limiting scheme based on embodiment 1, and two ends of the interior of the cylindrical grain splitting cylinder 103 are supported and fixed with the hollow fixed shaft 102 through an upper fixed bearing 305 and a lower fixed bearing 203 respectively. Moreover, in example 2 and example 1, a preferred embodiment of the cylindrical grain separating cylinder 103 is that the diameter thereof gradually increases from the lower end to the upper end, thereby achieving a better grain separating effect.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, this embodiment is a further improvement of the structure of the harvesting feeder 4 based on embodiment 1, the harvesting feeder 4 includes a stalk plate 402 horizontally disposed between two stalk separators 1, a plurality of stalk separators 401 parallel to the travelling direction of the machine body are disposed side by side above the stalk plate 402, the stalk separators 401 are semi-cylindrical closed hollow bodies with conical tips, a stalk-passing channel 409 is disposed between adjacent stalk separators 401, the stalk separators 401 are ordered in a direction perpendicular to the travelling direction of the machine body, the stalk separators 1 on the side of the first stalk separator 401 are adjacent to the stalk separators 1 on the side, a gap is also disposed between the right side of the last stalk separator 401 and the stalk separators 1 on the side to form stalk-passing channel 409, the right side of each stalk separator 401 has a through slot extending along the stalk-passing channel 409, the through groove communicates the interior of the rice pulling device 401 with a material pulling channel 409, two rotating wheel discs 404 are rotatably arranged in each rice pulling device 401 through two rotating shafts 405, the connecting lines of the two rotating wheel discs 404 are parallel to the material pulling channel 409, a closed-loop chain 407 is arranged around the two rotating wheel discs 404, shifting forks 406 for pulling the grain ears are distributed along the length direction of the closed-loop chain 407, the left part of a transmission assembly formed by the two rotating wheel discs 404 and the closed-loop chain 407 is positioned in the rice pulling device 401, the right part of the transmission assembly formed by the two rotating wheel discs 404 and the closed-loop chain 407 is positioned in the material pulling channel 409, so that in the process that the closed-loop chain 407 moves along with the rotating wheel discs 404, the shifting forks 406 positioned in the material pulling channel 409 pull the grain ears to the position of the auger 5 forwards along the material pulling channel 409, and is conveyed into a threshing cylinder device 7 by a screw conveyor 5 through a conveying device 6 for threshing.
Example 4
The embodiment is a further improvement on the basis of embodiment 3, the end face of one side of the stalk cutting plate 402, which is close to the head of the machine body, is an inclined plane extending from top to bottom towards the tail of the machine body, so that a wedge-shaped cutter for cutting the stalks of the millet is formed at the side, and the cutter is positioned at the rear part of the stirring channel 409, so that the stalks are cut off by the cutter in the forward transportation process of the ears under the action of the auger 5; a plurality of fixing strips 4010 are horizontally and fixedly arranged on the end face of the cutter of the stalk cutting plate 402, and each fixing strip 4010 is positioned below one stalk pulling device 401, so that the stalk pulling device 401 is fixed.
Example 5
In this embodiment, on the basis of embodiment 4, the rotating shafts 405 of the two rotating discs 404 in the reel 401 pass through the fixed slat 4010 and are fixedly connected with the fixed slat 4010 through fixed bearings, the other ends of the two rotating shafts 405 pass through the two rotating discs 404 and are also rotatably connected with the inner wall of the reel 401 through fixed bearings, and one of the two rotating shafts 405 is connected with the transmission shaft 408 through a transmission belt 403, so that the power on the transmission shaft 408 is transmitted to the rotating shaft 405. The transmission shaft 408 is driven by an engine, and one rotating shaft 405 of the transmission assembly in all the reel 401 is connected with the transmission shaft 408 through a transmission belt 403, so that all the closed loop chains 407 are ensured to move in the same direction. The engine is arranged in a fixed box body below the front part of the engine body, the output power of the engine is output to the transmission shaft 408 after being decelerated by the speed reducer, and the free end of the transmission shaft 408 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the stalk cutting plate 402 through a bearing or is fixed by depending on other parts of the engine body.
Example 6
As shown in fig. 7 and 8, this embodiment is a further improvement on the structure of the threshing cylinder device 7 based on embodiment 1, the threshing cylinder device 7 includes a cylinder body 701 with a threshing shaft 9 inside, two ends of the cylinder body 701 are provided with a feed inlet 702 and a discharge outlet 703, the lower part of the cylinder body 701 is a net-shaped shell 7012, so that the threshed grains fall onto a lower guide plate 8 after being screened by the net-shaped shell 7012; a secondary sieve plate 705 is also arranged between the material guiding plate 8 and the net shell 7012, and a short straw blowing channel 706 is formed between the secondary sieve plate 705 and the net shell 7012; a fixed baffle 707 is arranged at the lower part of the discharge hole 703, and the fixed baffle 707 protrudes out of the bottom of the discharge hole 703, so that a straw storage area is formed at the bottom of the discharge hole 703; the bottom of the fixed barrier 707 is rotatably connected to a movable barrier 708 by a hinge 709, and when the hinge 709 is naturally opened, the movable barrier 708 closes the short straw blowing passage 706. The front section of the guide plate 8 is inclined to a greater extent than the rear section, thereby facilitating movement of the grain on the guide plate 8. The diameter of the screen holes of the secondary screen plate 705 is smaller than that of the screen holes of the mesh shell 7012, so that fine straws contained in millet are secondarily screened out.
The guide plate 8 may be replaced by a screw conveyor.
Example 7
As shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, this embodiment is a further improvement of the roller body 701 according to embodiment 7, the upper portion of the roller body 701 is a soft sealing area 7011 with a rubber cushion layer laid on the inner wall, a plurality of auxiliary threshing mechanisms 704 are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the soft sealing area 7011, each auxiliary threshing mechanism 704 includes a rubber connecting base 7041 fixed on the rubber cushion layer, a long rubber threshing plate 7042 and a short rubber threshing plate 7043 are obliquely arranged on the surface of the rubber connecting base 7041, and the long rubber threshing plate 7042 and the short rubber threshing plate 7043 form a # -shape, and the oblique extending direction of the long rubber threshing plate 7042 intersects with the rotating direction of the threshing shaft 9, so that the grain ears thrown out by the threshing shaft 9 impact on the surface of the long rubber threshing plate 7042 to complete threshing. The soft sealing area is made of iron sheet, the inner wall of the iron sheet is covered with a rubber layer, and the thickness of the rubber layer is 2-5mm; the length of the long rubber threshing plate 7042 is longer than that of the short rubber threshing plate 7043, and the height of the free end of the long rubber threshing plate 7042 is lower than that of the short rubber threshing plate 7043. The included angle between the long rubber threshing plate 7042 and the short rubber threshing plate 7043 is an obtuse angle, preferably 120-150 degrees, the included angle between the long rubber threshing plate 7042 and the rubber connecting base 7041 is 30-60 degrees, the included angle between the short rubber threshing plate 7043 and the rubber connecting base 7041 is 40-55 degrees, and the length of the long rubber threshing plate 7042 is 1.5-2.5 times that of the short rubber threshing plate 7043.
Example 8
In this embodiment, a further improvement is made on the basis of embodiment 7, and an end of the secondary screen plate 705, which is close to the outlet of the short straw blowing channel 706, has an upturned section 7051, so as to prevent grains from falling out.
Example 9
In this embodiment, a further improvement of the threshing shaft 9 is made on the basis of embodiment 7, the threshing shaft 9 includes a motor-driven rotating shaft 901 located on the central axis of the drum body 701, at least two circular connecting plates 902 are disposed on the rotating shaft 901 at intervals along the length direction of the rotating shaft, and two circular connecting plates 902 are located inside two ends of the drum body 701, a plurality of fixing rods 903 parallel to the central axis of the drum body 701 are uniformly disposed around the circular connecting plates 902, a plurality of threshing rods 904 are uniformly distributed on each fixing rod 903 along the length direction of the fixing rods 903, and the rotating shaft 901 and the fixing rods 903 are driven by the motor to rotate, so that the threshing rods 904 on the fixing rods 903 perform threshing by beating.
In this embodiment, the fixing rods 903 are preferably provided by alternately arranging rubber rods and metal rods.
In the above embodiments of the present invention, the stalk pulling device 401 is fixedly connected with the stalk cutting board 402 through the fixing slat 4010, in actual production, the height of the stalk cutting board 402 can be adjusted by adopting the screw rod sliding block mechanism, so that the height of the stalk pulling device 401 can be adjusted, and the stalk pulling device can be adjusted to be 10cm from the ground at the lowest, effectively sending the fallen stalks into the stalk cutting board for harvesting, reducing loss, and meeting harvesting requirements of the stalks with different heights. When the screw rod sliding block mechanism is adopted to adjust the height of the stalk cutting plate 402, the rear part of the stalk cutting plate 402 is hinged, the stalk cutting plate 402 is used as a sliding block, the screw rod penetrates through the stalk cutting plate 402 and is driven by a motor to rotate, so that the stalk cutting plate 402 is lifted or lowered, and of course, the lifting of the stalk cutting plate 402 can be realized by adopting other prior art, and details are omitted herein.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a special harvester of millet, includes the organism, is provided with header, operation panel and threshing cylinder device (7) respectively in the front portion, middle part and the rear portion of organism, wherein, the header includes horizontally reaps feeder (4) and symmetry setting and is used for separately being convenient for reap divider (1) of dividing in row with the millet in reaping feeder (4) both sides, reaps feeder (4) and auger (5) cooperation that rear portion top was equipped with and transport the ear of grain that cuts off into threshing cylinder device (7) through conveyor (6) and thresh, and the millet after threshing is carried out the organism through stock guide (8), its characterized in that: the grain divider (1) comprises a right-angle triangle-shaped supporting plate (101), the inclined edge of the supporting plate faces the advancing direction of the machine body, a hollow cylindrical grain dividing cylinder (103) is arranged on the inclined edge, the cylindrical grain dividing cylinder (103) is supported and fixed by a hollow fixed shaft (102) arranged in the cylindrical grain dividing cylinder, a lower fixing device (2) and an upper fixing device (3) are respectively arranged at the bottom end and the top of the fixed shaft (102) and the cylindrical grain dividing cylinder (103) and are rotatably fixed, and two ends of the interior of the cylindrical grain dividing cylinder (103) are supported and fixed with the hollow fixed shaft (102) through an upper fixing bearing (305) and a lower fixing bearing (203); the lower fixing device (2) comprises a conical sleeve (202) detachably connected with the bottom end of the cylindrical seedling separating tube (103) through threads, a hole for the bottom end of the hollow fixing shaft (102) to pass through is formed in the conical tip of the conical sleeve (202), the bottom end of the hollow fixing shaft (102) passes through the hole and is internally connected with a conical sleeve (201) arranged on the inclined edge of the supporting plate (101) through a fixing column (204), the front part of the conical sleeve (202) is positioned in the conical sleeve (201), and a gap is reserved between the conical sleeve (202) and the side wall of the conical sleeve (201); the upper fixing device (3) comprises a fixing sleeve (301) fixed at the top end of the inclined edge of the supporting plate (101), the top end of the cylindrical grain separating cylinder (103) is rotatably arranged in the fixing sleeve (301) through a fixing bearing I (302), an end cover (304) sleeved outside the cylindrical grain separating cylinder (103) is arranged at the end part of the fixing sleeve (301), one side of the end cover (304) is provided with a connecting sleeve (303), and the connecting sleeve (303) is connected with the outer wall of the fixing sleeve (301) through internal threads;
the threshing cylinder device (7) comprises a cylinder body (701) with a threshing shaft (9) inside, a feed inlet (702) and a discharge outlet (703) are arranged at two ends of the cylinder body (701), and a net-shaped shell (7012) is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder body (701), so that threshed grains fall onto a material guide plate (8) below after being screened by the net-shaped shell (7012); a secondary sieve plate (705) is arranged between the material guide plate (8) and the net-shaped shell (7012), and a short straw blowing channel (706) is formed between the secondary sieve plate (705) and the net-shaped shell (7012); a fixed baffle (707) is arranged at the lower part of the discharge hole (703), and the fixed baffle (707) protrudes out of the bottom of the discharge hole (703), so that a straw accumulation area is formed at the bottom of the discharge hole (703); the bottom of the fixed baffle (707) is rotatably connected with a movable baffle (708) through a hinge (709), and when the hinge (709) is naturally opened, the movable baffle (708) seals the short straw blowing channel (706).
2. A millet dedicated harvester as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the harvesting feeder (4) comprises a stalk cutting plate (402) horizontally arranged between two stalk separators (1), a plurality of stalk pulling devices (401) parallel to the advancing direction of the machine body are arranged above the stalk cutting plate (402) side by side, each stalk pulling device (401) is a semi-cylindrical closed hollow body with a conical tip, stalk pulling channels (409) passing through grain ears are arranged between adjacent stalk pulling devices (401), the stalk pulling devices (401) are ordered according to the direction perpendicular to the advancing direction of the machine body, the stalk pulling devices (1) on the left side of the first stalk pulling device (401) are close to the stalk pulling device (1) on the side, a gap is formed between the right side of the last stalk pulling device (401) and the stalk pulling device (1) on the side, a through groove extending along the stalk pulling channels (409) is arranged on the right side of each stalk pulling device (401), the through groove communicates the stalk pulling device (401) with the stalk pulling channels (409) internally, two stalk pulling devices (401) are arranged in each stalk pulling device (401) in a rotating way through two rotating shafts (405), two stalk pulling devices (404) are arranged on the stalk pulling devices (401) rotate along the rotating direction of the two stalk pulling channels (407), two stalk pulling chains (407) are arranged in parallel to each stalk pulling direction (407) and the two stalk pulling channels (404) rotate along the two closed loops (407), the left part of a transmission assembly formed by the two rotating wheel discs (404) and the closed loop chain (407) is positioned inside the reel (401), and the right part of the transmission assembly formed by the two rotating wheel discs (404) and the closed loop chain (407) is positioned in a stirring channel (409), so that in the process that the closed loop chain (407) moves along with the rotating wheel discs (404), a shifting fork (406) positioned in the stirring channel (409) shifts the grain ears to move forwards along the stirring channel (409) to the auger (5) and is conveyed into a threshing cylinder device (7) by the auger (5) through a conveying device (6) for threshing.
3. A millet dedicated harvester as set forth in claim 2, wherein: the end face of one side of the stalk cutting plate (402) close to the head of the machine body is an inclined plane extending from top to bottom to the tail of the machine body, so that a wedge-shaped cutter for cutting stalks of millet is formed at the side, and the cutter is positioned at the rear part of the stalk stirring channel (409) so that the stalks are cut off by the cutter in the forward transportation process of the ears under the action of the auger (5); a plurality of fixing strips (4010) are horizontally and fixedly arranged on the end face of the cutter of the stalk cutting plate (402), and each fixing strip (4010) is positioned below one reel (401) so as to fix the reel (401).
4. A millet specialized harvester as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the rotary shafts (405) of the two rotary wheel discs (404) in the reel (401) penetrate through the fixed battens (4010) and are fixedly connected with the fixed battens (4010) through fixed bearings, the other ends of the two rotary shafts (405) penetrate through the two rotary wheel discs (404) and are also rotationally connected with the inner wall of the reel (401) through the fixed bearings, and one of the two rotary shafts (405) is connected with the transmission shaft (408) through the transmission belt (403), so that power on the transmission shaft (408) is transmitted to the rotary shafts (405).
5. A millet dedicated harvester as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the upper portion of the cylinder body (701) is a soft sealing area (7011) with a rubber cushion layer laid on the inner wall, a plurality of auxiliary threshing mechanisms (704) are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the soft sealing area (7011), each auxiliary threshing mechanism (704) comprises a rubber connecting base (7041) fixed on the rubber cushion layer, a long rubber threshing plate (7042) and a short rubber threshing plate (7043) are obliquely arranged on the surface of the rubber connecting base (7041) respectively, the long rubber threshing plate (7042) and the short rubber threshing plate (7043) form a square shape, and the oblique extending direction of the long rubber threshing plate (7042) is intersected with the rotating direction of a threshing shaft (9), so that the grain ears thrown out by the threshing shaft (9) are impacted on the surface of the long rubber threshing plate (7042) to finish threshing.
6. A millet dedicated harvester as set forth in claim 1, wherein: one end of the secondary sieve plate (705) close to the outlet of the short straw blowing channel (706) is provided with an upturned section (7051).
7. A millet dedicated harvester as set forth in claim 1, wherein: threshing shaft (9) are including being in motor drive's on axis of barrel (701 pivot (901), be provided with two at least circular connecting plates (902) along its length direction interval on this pivot (901), and wherein two circular connecting plates (902) are in the both ends inside of barrel (701), encircle these circular connecting plates (902) and evenly be provided with a plurality of dead levers (903) parallel with the axis of barrel (701), evenly distributed has a plurality of threshing bars (904) along its length direction on every dead lever (903), drive the rotation of pivot (901) and dead lever (903) through the motor, threshing bar (904) on dead lever (903) beat the ear of grain and thresh.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811435158.6A CN109302878B (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2018-11-28 | Harvester special for millet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811435158.6A CN109302878B (en) | 2018-11-28 | 2018-11-28 | Harvester special for millet |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109302878A CN109302878A (en) | 2019-02-05 |
| CN109302878B true CN109302878B (en) | 2024-01-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003180134A (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2003-07-02 | Yanmar Agricult Equip Co Ltd | Combine |
| CN104137695A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2014-11-12 | 张安根 | Vertical cutting device of millet combine harvester |
| CN105123093A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-09 | 星光农机股份有限公司 | Millet combine harvester and millet combine harvesting system |
| JP2016015899A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-02-01 | ヤンマー株式会社 | combine |
| CN207783578U (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-08-31 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of combine harvester header of millet stem fringe swath harvesting |
| CN209234287U (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-08-13 | 山西农业大学 | A kind of dedicated harvester of millet |
-
2018
- 2018-11-28 CN CN201811435158.6A patent/CN109302878B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003180134A (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2003-07-02 | Yanmar Agricult Equip Co Ltd | Combine |
| CN104137695A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2014-11-12 | 张安根 | Vertical cutting device of millet combine harvester |
| JP2016015899A (en) * | 2014-07-04 | 2016-02-01 | ヤンマー株式会社 | combine |
| CN105123093A (en) * | 2015-09-02 | 2015-12-09 | 星光农机股份有限公司 | Millet combine harvester and millet combine harvesting system |
| CN207783578U (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-08-31 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of combine harvester header of millet stem fringe swath harvesting |
| CN209234287U (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-08-13 | 山西农业大学 | A kind of dedicated harvester of millet |
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| CN109302878A (en) | 2019-02-05 |
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