CN109301490A - A kind of super surface of geometric phase generated applied to broadband multimode vortex wave beam - Google Patents
A kind of super surface of geometric phase generated applied to broadband multimode vortex wave beam Download PDFInfo
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- CN109301490A CN109301490A CN201811030141.2A CN201811030141A CN109301490A CN 109301490 A CN109301490 A CN 109301490A CN 201811030141 A CN201811030141 A CN 201811030141A CN 109301490 A CN109301490 A CN 109301490A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
- H01Q15/0013—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices said selective devices working as frequency-selective reflecting surfaces, e.g. FSS, dichroic plates, surfaces being partly transmissive and reflective
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of super surface of geometric phase generated applied to broadband multimode vortex wave beam, basic unit is composed of one layer of metal bar structure, one layer of dielectric layer and the one layer of metal backing stacked gradually from top to down.Special structure design makes unit have anisotropy, and the reflected phase that 180 degree is presented under x polarization and the irradiation of y polarized electromagnetic wave is poor.The φ if metal bar using the center of itself as origin, rotates by a certain angle in the horizontal plane on super surface, circular polarisation incidence wave are irradiated on unit the circularly polarised wave that will be reflected as with rotation property, and the geometric phase variation of additional ± 2 φ.These units are arranged on two-dimensional surface by the phase distribution being pre-designed, under the irradiation of circular polarisation electromagnetic wave, which can generate the vortex wave beam of four kinds of different modes in different directions.The configuration of the present invention is simple, easy to process, working band is wide, can be used for encoded information, improves channel capacity using mode multiplexing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Novel manual electromagnetic material fields, and in particular to it is raw that one kind is applied to broadband multimode vortex wave beam
At the super surface of geometric phase.
Background technique
Electromagnetism Meta Materials (Metamaterials), also known as Novel manual electromagnetic material, will have geometry in particular
Macroscopical basic unit period/aperiodically arrange, or a kind of people that (or surface) is constituted is implanted in basis material body
Work material.The difference of electromagnetism Meta Materials and traditional sense material is with macro-size unit instead of original microscopic dimensions unit
(atom or molecule).In past 20 years, electromagnetism Meta Materials are quickly grown, and produce many interesting physical phenomenons and novel
Device.The difference of electromagnetism Meta Materials and traditional sense material is with macro-size unit instead of original microscopic dimensions unit
(atom or molecule).In recent years, in order to reduce the thickness of three-dimensional metamaterial and structural complexity, the super table of single layer planar structure
Face (Metasurfaces) is also widely used for regulation electromagnetic wave.The super surface of electromagnetism is substantially two-dimensional electromagnetism Meta Materials,
Thickness can be ignored, and weight and volume all largely reduces, and low cost, loss are small, be convenient for design of system integration.
Most of super surfaces are all to adjust phase change by changing the dimensional parameters of cellular construction, are in general all
The cellular construction of resonant mode, narrower bandwidth are difficult to realize 360 degree of phase covering.However, the introducing of geometric phase, greatly
Enrich the design on super surface.Geometric phase is also Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) phase, is most mentioned early in optics
Out.Super surface based on geometric phase is usually to be made of the identical anisotropic sub-wavelength unit of one group of structure, each unit
There is specific rotation angle, a corresponding geometric phase can be brought for circular polarisation incidence wave, can be used for regulating and controlling circular polarisation
The phase front of wave.(Z.Bomzon,G.Biener,V.Kleiner,and E.Hasman,"Space-variant
Pancharatnam-Berry phase optical elements with computer-generated
subwavelength gratings,"Optics Letters,vol.27,pp.1141-1143,Jul 12002.)
On the other hand, with the fast development of wireless communication technique, due to limited frequency spectrum resource, improve data transfer speed
Rate becomes challenge.In recent years, having helical phase wavefront and carrying orbital angular momentum (English orbital angular
Momentum, abbreviation OAM) vortex wave beam cause the extensive concern of scholars.Between OAM different mode have it is mutually orthogonal, can
For channel multiplexing, message capacity can be improved.So far, there are many methods to generate the vortex wave beam for carrying OAM, such as
Spiral phase plate, sub-wave length grating, circular array antenna, super surface and calculating holography method.In general, these methods are all to generate list
One vortex wave beam and narrower bandwidth.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: present invention aims at the bandwidth problems for solving the super surface of tradition, generate simultaneously in broadband more
The vortex wave beam of kind mode.By designing anisotropic PB phase unit, using the aperture field addition method four different sides
The vortex wave beam that OAM mode is 1,2,3 and 4 is generated upwards.
Technical solution: to achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of super surface of geometric phase generated applied to broadband multimode vortex wave beam, the feature of basic cell structure
It is: is followed successively by metal bar layer, microwave-medium layer and metal backing layer from top to bottom.
According to corresponding frequency range, corresponding metal is chosen, the application Mid Frequency is corresponding to choose copper, that is, uses copper rod and copper
Backboard.
Metal bar layer is rotated by a certain angle with the center of itself can bring corresponding geometric phase to change；Metal backing layer
It ensure that incident wave energy is completely reflected back, it is ensured that reflection efficiency；Microwave-medium layer plays isolation two metal layers
Effect, double layer of metal layers of copper are respectively printed at the two sides of dielectric-slab layer.
Further, the microwave-medium layer is F4R microwave-medium plate.
Further, the basic unit shows two different under x polarization and y polarized electromagnetic wave vertical irradiation
Reflected phase has 180 ° of phase differences, and each basic unit is arranged on two-dimensional surface according to certain rotation angle, constitutes most
The whole super surface of geometric phase.
Further, the bring geometric phase variation of the basic unit and the rotation angle of upper layer metal bar have 2
Linear relationship again.
Further, 360 degree of phases may be implemented with respective center around z-axis rotating upper layer metal bar structure in basic unit
It moves.
Further, if metal bar is using the center of itself as origin, rotate by a certain angle φ in the horizontal plane on super surface,
Circular polarisation incidence wave is irradiated on unit the circularly polarised wave that will be reflected as with rotation property, and the geometry phase of additional ± 2 φ
Position variation, wherein symbol "+" and "-" respectively indicate right-handed circular polarization (RCP) and left-hand circular polarization (LCP) incidence wave.
Further, the basic unit is arranged on two-dimensional surface according to corresponding phase distribution, in LCP plane wave
Under irradiation, super surface generates the vortex wave beam that mode is 1,2,3 and 4 respectively in a different direction.
Further, the super surface can realize the generation of multi-mode vortex wave beam in the broadband of 12-18GHz.
The above-mentioned super surface of geometric phase generated applied to broadband multimode vortex wave beam is very extensive in practical applications,
Multiple vortex wave beams for carrying different OAM modes can be generated in single super surface, and can be towards the direction being pre-designed
Radiation.The design can be used for more OAM mode multiplexings and OAM mode detection.
The utility model has the advantages that compared with prior art, present invention has an advantage that
1. the super surface of geometric phase in the present invention, passes through the metal bar on simply rotary unit upper layer, so that it may right
Circular polarisation incidence wave realizes continuous phase change, adjusts phase with by the structural parameters for changing unit
The super surface of tradition compare, before the design of this geometric phase can regulate and control electromagnetic wave more flexiblely.
2. the super surface of geometric phase in the present invention keeps its polarization for circular polarisation incidence wave on reflection direction
Characteristic.
3. the super surface of geometric phase in the present invention, the method for being previously used for generating vortex wave beam is compared, and is had more
Stable bandwidth of operation.
4. the present invention is easy to process, it is easy to accomplish.The production on the super surface of the geometric phase of microwave section is using conventional print
Printed circuit board technique.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the basic Component units on the super surface of geometric phase；
Fig. 2 is reflection coefficient curve of the metamaterial unit under x polarization and y polarized electromagnetic wave vertical irradiation；
Fig. 3 is rotary unit upper layer metal bar, the cellular construction schematic diagram that the angle with y-axis is φ；
Fig. 4 is the relational graph between the rotation angle of unit upper layer metal bar and different circular polarisation reflected phases；
Fig. 5 is to carry the phase distribution figure of the vortex wave beam of different OAM modes in different directions；
Fig. 6 is total phase distribution needed for producing four vortex wave beams simultaneously；
Fig. 7 is the structure plan on the super surface of geometric phase；
Fig. 8 is the three-dimensional far field simulation result that multimode vortex wave beam is realized on the super surface of geometric phase in 15GHz frequency point；
Fig. 9 is the two-dimentional far field simulation result that multimode vortex wave beam is realized on the super surface of geometric phase in 15GHz frequency point；
Figure 10 is the three-dimensional far field simulation result that multimode vortex wave beam is realized on the super surface of geometric phase at different frequencies.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is specifically addressed with reference to the accompanying drawing.
A kind of super surface of geometric phase generated applied to broadband multimode vortex wave beam, the feature of basic cell structure
It is: is followed successively by metal bar layer, microwave-medium layer and metal backing layer from top to bottom.
According to corresponding frequency range, corresponding metal is chosen, the application Mid Frequency is corresponding to choose copper, that is, uses copper rod and copper
Backboard can also choose other metals such as gold or aluminium if corresponding to other frequency ranges.
As shown in Figure 1, first establishing rectangular coordinate system, the length direction along dielectric layer is x-axis, along the width direction of dielectric layer
For y-axis, the short transverse along dielectric layer is z-axis.
Metal bar layer is rotated by a certain angle around the z-axis by metal bar layer center with the center of itself and can be brought accordingly
Geometric phase variation, metal backing layer ensure that incident wave energy is completely reflected back, it is ensured that reflection efficiency；Microwave-medium layer
Play the role of that two metal layers are isolated, double layer of metal layers of copper is respectively printed at the two sides of dielectric-slab layer.
The microwave-medium layer is F4R microwave-medium plate.
Geometric phase unit shows two different reflected phases under x polarization and y polarized electromagnetic wave vertical irradiation, has
There are 180 ° of phase differences, each basic unit is arranged on two-dimensional surface according to certain rotation angle, constitutes final geometry phase
The super surface in position.
The bring geometric phase variation of super surface cell has 2 times of linear pass with the rotation angle of upper layer metal bar
System.With respective center, around z-axis rotating upper layer metal bar structure, 360 degree of phase shifts may be implemented in basic unit.If metal bar is with certainly
Body center is that the rotation angle after origin rotates relative to y-axis is φ, and circular polarisation incidence wave, which is irradiated on unit, to be reflected as
Geometric phase with the circularly polarised wave of rotation property, and additional ± 2 φ changes.Here, symbol "+" and "-" respectively indicate dextrorotation
Circular polarisation (RCP) and left-hand circular polarization (LCP) incidence wave.
Super surface cell is arranged on two-dimensional surface according to corresponding phase distribution, under the irradiation of LCP plane wave, super table
Face generates the vortex wave beam that mode is 1,2,3 and 4 respectively in a different direction.
Super surface can realize the generation of multi-mode vortex wave beam in the broadband of 12-18GHz.
Total phase distribution on super surface is based on the aperture field addition method, is by the vortex wave beam institute of each difference OAM mode
The phase distribution needed is vector superposed and obtains.
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and specific examples.
Fig. 1 illustrates the basic Component units on the super surface of geometric phase, and metal bar is printed on as dipole resonance unit
It is covered on the F4R microwave-medium plate of copper entirely at the back side.Unit period p is 6mm, and media plate thickness h is 2mm, and relative dielectric constant is
4.4, loss tangent angle is 0.02.The width w of metal bar is 1.5mm, and length d is 4.8mm.Metal bar and metal backing layer use
Metal be copper, thickness t is 0.018mm.
Fig. 2 is the reflection coefficient simulation result that super surface cell goes out in different polarized electromagnetic waves under vertical irradiation.From figure
As can be seen that the reflected phase of unit has 180 ° of left sides in certain frequency range in Fig. 1 for x polarization and y polarization incidence wave
Right phase difference, reaches 180 degree phase difference at 15GHz.In addition, unit reflection amplitudes in the case where x polarization and y polarization are incident compared with
Height ensure that the working efficiency on super surface.
Fig. 3 illustrates rotary unit upper layer metal bar, the cellular construction schematic diagram that the angle with y-axis is φ.
Fig. 4 illustrates the relational graph between the rotation angle of unit upper layer metal bar and different circular polarisation reflected phases.Gold
The rotation angle for belonging to stick is φ, and unit has antipodal ± 2 φ phase response for LCP and RCP incidence wave.Here, it accords with
Number "+" and "-" respectively correspond RCP and LCP incidence wave.
Fig. 5 gives phase distribution required for the vortex wave beam for generating different OAM modes in the direction indicated.Generate whirlpool
The straightforward procedure of rotation wave beam is the rotatable phase distribution introduced in azimuth, and specific ladder is superimposed on the basis of this phase distribution
Spending phase distribution can will be on vertical vortex wave beam deviation to specific direction.Based on this principle, we have been separately designed partially
Folding direction is φ=45 °, the single order vortex wave beam (l=1) of θ=30 °；Deviation direction is φ=135 °, the second order whirlpool of θ=20 °
It revolves wave beam (l=2)；Deviation direction is φ=225 °, three rank vortex wave beams (l=3) of θ=25 ° and deviation direction be φ=
315 °, the quadravalence vortex wave beam (l=4) of θ=35 °.Under the excitation of LCP plane wave, corresponding to each mode vortex wave beam
Phase distribution is as shown in figure 5, be labeled as
Fig. 6 gives while generating four vortex wave beams in Fig. 5, total phase distribution needed for super surfaceAccording to bore
The design of the method for field superposition production multi-beam, multimode vortex wave beam can be by the phase of different mode vortex wave beam in Fig. 5 point
Cloth progress is vector superposed, i.e.,
Fig. 7 is the structure plan on the super surface of geometric phase of final design.The super surface includes 30 × 30 basic units,
Overall dimensions are 180mm × 180mm.
Fig. 8 illustrates the three-dimensional far field simulation result that multimode vortex wave beam is realized on the super surface of geometric phase in 15GHz frequency point.
Under the irradiation of LCP incidence wave, which can generate the vortex wave beam of associative mode on preset direction.It is three when left figure
Tie up far field amplitude pattern, it may be clearly seen that each beam center has recess, this meets the feature of vortex wave beam.Right figure
Illustrate the far-field phase directional diagram of different beams, it can be seen that each wave beam has the phase point of rotation in azimuth plane
The periodicity of cloth, 2 π phase reappearances just corresponds to the OAM pattern count of the wave beam.
Fig. 9 illustrates the two-dimentional far field simulation result that multimode vortex wave beam is realized on the super surface of geometric phase in 15GHz frequency point.
From amplitude distribution figure can be seen that each wave beam have typical annular spread, the field strength very little at beam center, this also with whirlpool
The profile for revolving wave beam is consistent.Phase distribution in two-dimensional surface illustrates the phase change enclosed around azimuth plane one, 2 π, 4 π, 6 π and 8
The variation of π helical phase shows four designed wave beams and is respectively provided with OAM mode l=1,2,3 and 4.Each vortex wave beam
Deviation direction also has the direction being pre-designed to coincide well.
Figure 10 is the three-dimensional far field simulation result that multimode vortex wave beam is realized on the super surface of geometric phase at different frequencies.Figure
In respectively illustrate 12GHz, 14GHz, 15GHz, under the irradiation of 16GHz and 18GHz left-hand circular polarization wave, the co-polarization on super surface
(LCP) and cross polarization (RCP) far field component, all directional diagrams in broadband all show the feature of vortex wave.These knots
Fruit confirms that the super surface of the geometric phase designed in the present invention can generate the vortex wave of multiple and different OAM modes in broadband
Beam, performance are stablized, and mode is clear.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention.Since mentality of designing of the present invention is clear, application prospect is extensive,
Carrying, there is the broadband vortex wave beam of different OAM modes, which can be used for channel multiplexing, carrys out encoded information, to improve message capacity.
It is noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, can also do
Several improvements and modifications out, these modifications and embellishments should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. it is a kind of applied to broadband multimode vortex wave beam generate the super surface of geometric phase, it is characterised in that: including on to
Under the metal bar (1), dielectric layer (2) and the metal backing (3) that set gradually；Metal bar (1), dielectric layer (2) and metal back
Basic unit of the plate (3) respectively as super surface.
2. the geometric phase super surface according to claim 1 generated applied to broadband multimode vortex wave beam, feature
Be: basic unit forms anisotropic structure after being provided with, under x polarization and y polarized electromagnetic wave vertical irradiation respectively
Different reflected phases is presented, there are 180 ° of phase differences.
3. the geometric phase super surface according to claim 1 or 2 generated applied to broadband multimode vortex wave beam, special
Sign is: the bring geometric phase variation of the basic unit has 2 times of linear pass with the rotation angle of upper layer metal bar
System.
4. the geometric phase super surface according to claim 1 or 2 generated applied to broadband multimode vortex wave beam, special
Sign is: its basic unit may be implemented 360 degree using respective center as origin rotating upper layer metal bar structure in the horizontal plane
Phase shift.
5. the geometric phase super surface according to claim 1 or 2 generated applied to broadband multimode vortex wave beam, special
Sign is: the φ if metal bar using the center of itself as origin, rotates by a certain angle in the horizontal plane on super surface, and circular polarisation is incident
Wave is irradiated on unit the circularly polarised wave that will be reflected as with rotation property, and the geometric phase variation of additional ± 2 φ,
In, symbol "+" and "-" respectively indicate right-handed circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization incidence wave.
6. the geometric phase super surface according to claim 1 or 2 generated applied to broadband multimode vortex wave beam, special
Sign is: the basic cell structure is arranged on two-dimensional surface according to corresponding phase distribution, in left-hand circular polarization plane wave
Irradiation under, in a different direction respectively generate mode be 1,2,3 and 4 vortex wave beam.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109698407A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-30 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of four wave beam rotational field Cassegrain lens antennas based on super surface |
| CN109888502A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-06-14 | 东南大学 | Electromagnetism for microwave section reflection function encodes Meta Materials and its basic unit |
| CN110661106A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cross-polarized vortex beam lens based on frequency selective surface |
| CN110718762A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-01-21 | 东南大学 | Single-beam 1-bit super surface excited by plane wave vertical incidence |
| CN113671613A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-19 | 浙江水晶光电科技股份有限公司 | Super-surface optical element, design method and structured light projection module |
| CN113690624A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-23 | 华南理工大学 | Vortex optical spatial modulator based on geometric phase super-surface |
| CN114543980A (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2022-05-27 | 北京理工大学 | Acoustic wave phase modulation and acoustic field reconstruction method based on near-field orbital angular momentum conversion |
| CN114976666A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-08-30 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Double-layer frequency multi-element reflection super surface and design method |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109698407A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-04-30 | 西安电子科技大学 | A kind of four wave beam rotational field Cassegrain lens antennas based on super surface |
| CN109698407B (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2020-09-08 | 西安电子科技大学 | Four-beam vortex field Cassegrain lens antenna based on super surface |
| CN109888502A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-06-14 | 东南大学 | Electromagnetism for microwave section reflection function encodes Meta Materials and its basic unit |
| CN110718762A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-01-21 | 东南大学 | Single-beam 1-bit super surface excited by plane wave vertical incidence |
| CN110718762B (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-11-03 | 东南大学 | Single-beam 1-bit super surface excited by plane wave vertical incidence |
| CN110661106A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-01-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Cross-polarized vortex beam lens based on frequency selective surface |
| CN113690624A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-23 | 华南理工大学 | Vortex optical spatial modulator based on geometric phase super-surface |
| CN113671613A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-19 | 浙江水晶光电科技股份有限公司 | Super-surface optical element, design method and structured light projection module |
| CN114543980A (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2022-05-27 | 北京理工大学 | Acoustic wave phase modulation and acoustic field reconstruction method based on near-field orbital angular momentum conversion |
| CN114543980B (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2023-01-13 | 北京理工大学 | Acoustic wave phase modulation and acoustic field reconstruction method based on near-field orbital angular momentum conversion |
| CN114976666A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-08-30 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Double-layer frequency multi-element reflection super surface and design method |
| CN114976666B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2024-01-30 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Double-layer frequency multi-element reflection super-surface and design method |
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