CN109297453B - Linear measurement method for arc-shaped template of lining trolley - Google Patents
Linear measurement method for arc-shaped template of lining trolley Download PDFInfo
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- CN109297453B CN109297453B CN201811045049.3A CN201811045049A CN109297453B CN 109297453 B CN109297453 B CN 109297453B CN 201811045049 A CN201811045049 A CN 201811045049A CN 109297453 B CN109297453 B CN 109297453B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a linear measuring method of an arc-shaped template of a lining trolley, which comprises the following steps: s1) marking four first reference points on the arc-shaped fixed templates, and marking two second reference points on each arc-shaped movable template; s2) measuring the elevation of each first datum point, and measuring the vertical distance between each second datum point and the top point of the arch top of the arc-shaped fixed template; s3) adjusting the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley to reach a theoretical state; s4) establishing a three-dimensional measurement coordinate system and marking the three-dimensional coordinates of the first reference point and the second reference point; s5) acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the total station erection point in any arc side direction of the arc-shaped fixed template; s6) calibrating a plurality of measuring stations on a horizontal plane; s7) measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the test point and calculating a radial error by measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the test point. The measuring method provided by the invention solves the problem that the conventional method cannot directly and accurately confirm the linear error of the arc-shaped template on the lining trolley, and improves the measuring precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tunnel engineering construction, in particular to a linear measuring method for an arc-shaped template of a lining trolley.
Background
In tunnel construction, the arrangement of the integral arc-shaped formwork of the concrete lining trolley is generally formed by connecting three sections of formworks, namely a fixed section at the arch crown part of the trolley and transverse telescopic sections at two sides of the trolley. If the linear control of the integral arc-shaped formwork of the trolley is improper, the deformation error of the trolley is increased along with the stress of the formwork in the concrete pouring process, and finally, the phenomena of slab staggering and line invasion of the lining concrete product can be caused.
The conventional method for checking the alignment of the template is to hang a perpendicular line on the arch vertex of the end of the trolley, mark point positions at intervals (usually 50cm) on the perpendicular line, compare the actual horizontal support distance from the final mark point to the edge points of the outer contour of the template on the two sides of the perpendicular line with the theoretical support distance, and judge the alignment error of the trolley template.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a linear measuring method of an arc-shaped template of a lining trolley, which can directly calculate the linear error of the arc-shaped template on the lining trolley.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a linear measurement method for an arc template of a lining trolley, where the arc template of the lining trolley includes an arc-shaped fixed template and a plurality of arc-shaped movable templates, where two arc-shaped movable templates are connected with the arc-shaped fixed template in a circumferential direction of the arc-shaped fixed template and symmetrically arranged, and the measurement method includes the following steps:
s1) marking four first reference points on the arc-shaped fixed template, wherein the four first reference points are respectively positioned at the vertexes of four corners of the outer contour of the arc-shaped fixed template; respectively marking a second datum point on two arc-shaped outer side edges of each arc-shaped movable template connected with the arc-shaped fixed template, wherein the second datum points are all positioned in the same plane, and the second datum points and the circle center of the arc-shaped fixed template are positioned in the same plane;
s2) measuring the elevation of each first datum point, and measuring the vertical distance between each second datum point and the top point of the arch of the arc-shaped fixed template and the vertical distance between each second datum point and the center line of the arc-shaped fixed template;
s3) adjusting the arc-shaped formwork of the lining trolley to reach a theoretical state through the elevation of each first datum point, the vertical distance between each second datum point and the top point of the arch top of the arc-shaped fixed formwork and the vertical distance between each second datum point and the center line of the arc-shaped fixed formwork;
s4) establishing a three-dimensional measurement coordinate system by taking the circle center of any end face of the arc-shaped fixed template in the axial direction as an origin, and marking the three-dimensional coordinates of the first reference point and the second reference point in the three-dimensional measurement coordinate system;
s5) erecting a total station on a horizontal plane of any one arc side edge direction of the arc-shaped fixed template, and acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of a total station erection point under the condition that the total station erection point is adjusted to be visible to two first reference points on the arc-shaped fixed template, which are closest to the total station;
s6) calibrating a plurality of measuring stations on a horizontal plane, wherein each measuring station comprises a main measuring station arranged at a total station erecting point and auxiliary measuring stations arranged in the other three side directions of the arc-shaped fixed template, any point on the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley is selected as a measuring test point, the total station is erected on the measuring station opposite to the measuring test point, and the total station is adopted to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring test point;
s7) obtaining the original point projection of the original point on the section of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measuring and testing point is located, calculating the distance value between the measuring and testing point and the original point projection through the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring and testing point, and comparing the distance value with the theoretical radius of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measuring and testing point is located to calculate the radial error of the measuring and testing point.
Specifically, the step S3) of adjusting the arc formwork of the lining trolley to reach a theoretical state by the elevation of each first reference point, the vertical distance between each second reference point and the top point of the arch of the arc-shaped fixed formwork, and the vertical distance between each second reference point and the center line of the arc-shaped fixed formwork includes:
adjusting the four first reference points to be at the same elevation;
and adjusting the vertical distance between each second reference point and the top point of the arch top of the arc-shaped fixed template and the vertical distance between each second reference point and the center line of the arc-shaped fixed template to be equal to the radius of the arc-shaped fixed template.
Specifically, the step S5) of acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the total station mounting point includes:
and acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the erection point of the total station by adopting a back intersection method according to the three-dimensional coordinates of two first datum points closest to the total station.
Specifically, the step S7) of comparing the distance value with the theoretical radius of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measurement test point is located to calculate the radial error of the measurement test point includes: using a formula
Calculating the radial error of the measuring test point, whereinLAnd the radial error of the measurement test point is shown, R is the theoretical radius of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measurement test point is located, and Z and Y are the vertical distances between the measurement test point and a coordinate axis parallel to the section of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measurement test point is located.
The invention provides a linear measuring method of an arc-shaped template of a lining trolley, which comprises the steps of respectively arranging a first datum point and a second datum point on an arc-shaped fixed template of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley and two arc-shaped movable templates connected with the arc-shaped fixed template, obtaining three-dimensional coordinates of a mounting point of a total station by taking the two first datum points arranged on the arc-shaped fixed template as reference coordinates after the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley is adjusted to reach a theoretical state, calibrating a plurality of measuring stations and selecting one measuring test point, measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring test point by using a total station, calculating a distance value between the measuring test point and a projection of an original point according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring test point and the calculated distance value, and calculating a radial error of the measuring test point according to the theoretical radius of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley and. The line shape measuring method of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley provided by the invention has the advantages that the measured data is visual, the working problem that the line shape error of the arc-shaped template on the lining trolley cannot be directly and accurately confirmed by the conventional method is solved, and the measuring precision is improved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of the steps of a method for measuring the alignment of an arcuate form of a lining trolley according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of an arcuate template of a lining trolley in a method for linear measurement of the arcuate template of a lining trolley according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a rear view of a lining trolley curved formwork in a lining trolley curved formwork alignment measurement method provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a plan view of the lining trolley arc formwork in the lining trolley arc formwork alignment measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, where the invention is not otherwise described, directional terms such as "upper, lower, top and bottom" are generally used with respect to the orientation shown in the drawings or the positional relationship of the components with respect to each other in the vertical, vertical or gravitational direction.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of steps of a method for measuring a line shape of an arc template of a lining trolley, which is provided by the present invention, the arc template of the lining trolley provided by the present invention includes an arc-shaped fixed template and a plurality of arc-shaped movable templates, wherein two arc-shaped movable templates are connected with the arc-shaped fixed template in a circumferential direction of the arc-shaped fixed template and symmetrically arranged, and the measuring method includes the following steps: s1) marking four first reference points on the arc-shaped fixed template, wherein the four first reference points are respectively positioned at the vertexes of four corners of the outer contour of the arc-shaped fixed template; respectively marking a second datum point on two arc-shaped outer side edges of each arc-shaped movable template connected with the arc-shaped fixed template, wherein the second datum points are all positioned in the same plane, and the second datum points and the circle center of the arc-shaped fixed template are positioned in the same plane; s2) measuring the elevation of each first datum point, and measuring the vertical distance between each second datum point and the top point of the arch of the arc-shaped fixed template and the vertical distance between each second datum point and the center line of the arc-shaped fixed template; s3) adjusting the arc-shaped formwork of the lining trolley to reach a theoretical state through the elevation of each first datum point, the vertical distance between each second datum point and the top point of the arch top of the arc-shaped fixed formwork and the vertical distance between each second datum point and the center line of the arc-shaped fixed formwork; s4) establishing a three-dimensional measurement coordinate system by taking the circle center of any end face of the arc-shaped fixed template in the axial direction as an origin, and marking the three-dimensional coordinates of the first reference point and the second reference point in the three-dimensional measurement coordinate system; s5) erecting a total station on a horizontal plane in any arc side direction of the arc-shaped fixed template, and then adjusting a total station erection point to be visible under the condition that two first reference points on the total station and the arc-shaped fixed template, which are closest to the total station, are visible, so as to obtain three-dimensional coordinates of the total station erection point; s6) calibrating a plurality of measuring stations on a horizontal plane, wherein each measuring station comprises a main measuring station arranged at a total station erecting point and auxiliary measuring stations arranged in the other three side directions of the arc-shaped fixed template, any point on the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley is selected as a measuring test point, the total station is erected on the measuring station opposite to the measuring test point, and the total station is adopted to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring test point; s7) obtaining the original point projection of the original point on the section of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measuring and testing point is located, calculating the distance value between the measuring and testing point and the original point projection through the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring and testing point, and comparing the distance value with the theoretical radius of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measuring and testing point is located to calculate the radial error of the measuring and testing point.
According to the technical scheme, firstly, according to the template structure of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley, four first reference points are arranged at the vertexes of four corners on the outer contour of the arc-shaped fixed template of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley, a second reference point is respectively arranged on two arc-shaped outer sides of the outer contour of each arc-shaped movable template circumferentially connected with two sides of the arc-shaped fixed template, and each second reference point is arranged to be positioned in the same plane with the circle center of the arc-shaped fixed template. Secondly, measuring the elevations of the four first datum points, the vertical distance between each second datum point and the top point of the arch top of the arc-shaped fixed template and the vertical distance between each second datum point and the center line of the arc-shaped fixed template, and adjusting the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley to a theoretical state according to the measurement result. After the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley reaches a theoretical state, a three-dimensional measurement coordinate system is established by taking the circle center of any end face of the arc-shaped fixed template in the axial direction as an origin, three-dimensional coordinates of the four first datum points and the four second datum points are marked in the three-dimensional measurement coordinate system, three-dimensional coordinates of a total station erection point are obtained by taking two known first datum points located at the same end of the arc-shaped fixed template in the axial direction as reference points, the erection point is marked to serve as a measurement main station in a plurality of measurement stations, and measurement auxiliary stations are marked in other three side directions of the arc-shaped fixed template.
In one embodiment, in order to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of any selected measurement test point on the arc-shaped formwork of the lining trolley in an omnibearing manner, the measurement auxiliary stations are calibrated in the other three side directions of the arc-shaped fixed formwork, each side direction is marked with at least one measurement auxiliary station, namely the measurement auxiliary stations are arranged on the other end of the arc-shaped fixed formwork in the axial direction opposite to the measurement main station and on horizontal planes on two sides of the arc-shaped fixed formwork in the circumferential direction. The determination of the position of the auxiliary measuring station needs to meet the requirement that a tripod, a base and a distance measuring prism lens erected on the auxiliary measuring station are visible with a total station erected on the main measuring station. After the measurement secondary station is determined, the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement secondary station are acquired through a tripod, a base and a ranging prism lens erected on the measurement secondary station.
After acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the main measurement site and the auxiliary measurement site, specifically, in order to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of a selected measurement test point on the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley, the total station needs to be moved to the measurement site corresponding to the measurement test point, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement test point are measured by the total station; the three-dimensional measurement coordinate system is established by taking the circle center of any end face on the axial direction of the arc-shaped fixed template as an original point, so that the measurement test point is positioned on a certain section of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley, and the projection of the original point on the section (namely the projection of the original point) is superposed with the circle center of the section. According to the technical scheme of the invention, the distance value of the projection of the measurement test point and the original point is calculated, and the radial error of the measurement test point can be obtained by comparing the calculated distance value with the theoretical radius of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley.
By adopting the measuring method provided by the invention, the radial error of any point (namely the measuring test point) on the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley can be accurately calculated, the measuring method can provide an accurate reference basis for the adjustment or the manufacture of the arc-shaped template of the subsequent lining trolley, and the pouring quality of the secondary lining of the subsequent tunnel is ensured.
Specifically, in the measurement method provided by the present invention, step S3) is performed to adjust the arc formwork of the lining trolley to a theoretical state according to the elevation of each first reference point, the vertical distance between each second reference point and the top point of the arch of the arc-shaped fixed formwork, and the vertical distance between each second reference point and the center line of the arc-shaped fixed formwork, and the method includes: adjusting the four first reference points to be at the same elevation; and adjusting the vertical distance between each second reference point and the top point of the arch top of the arc-shaped fixed template and the vertical distance between each second reference point and the center line of the arc-shaped fixed template to be equal to the radius of the arc-shaped fixed template.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2-4, the arc formwork of the lining trolley comprises an arc fixed formwork and two arc movable formworks, the arc fixed formwork is respectively circumferentially connected with the two arc movable formworks, vertexes of four corners of the outer contour of the arc fixed formwork are respectively marked as first reference points, as shown in fig. 4, the four first reference points are respectively marked as a1、A2、A1-1、A2-1A second datum point is marked on two arc-shaped outer side edges of each arc-shaped movable template, and the four second datum points are respectively B1、B2、B1-1、B2-1And the second reference point B1、B2、B1-1、B2-1The center of the arc-shaped fixed template is positioned in the same plane; measuring A by adopting a total station instrument conventional method1、A2、A1-1、A2-1Measuring the elevation of four points by using a total station elevation measuring method1、B2、B1-1、B2-1Measuring the vertical distance between the four points and the top point of the arch crown of the arc-shaped fixed template by adopting the function of measuring the opposite side of a total station1、B2、B1-1、B2-1The vertical distance between the four points and the central line of the arc-shaped fixed template; and adjusting the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley to reach a theoretical state. Specifically, in practical applications, the arc-shaped fixed die plate and the arc-shaped movable die plate are controlled by a driving device to move, for example, the driving device can be a hydraulic cylinder, an air cylinder or a linear motor, and when the arc-shaped die plate of the lining trolley is adjusted to reach the theoretical state, the arc-shaped fixed die plate and the arc-shaped movable die plate of the lining trolley are measuredTo A of1、A2、A1-1、A2-1The arc-shaped fixed template is controlled by a driving device for controlling the arc-shaped fixed template to move until A1、A2、A1-1、A2-1At the same elevation (i.e. A)1、A2、A1-1、A2-1The four points have equal elevation), the two arc-shaped movable templates are controlled to move by a driving device for controlling the two arc-shaped movable templates until B1、B2、B1-1、B2-1The vertical distance between the four points and the top point of the arch crown of the arc-shaped fixed template and the vertical distance between the four points and the center line of the arc-shaped fixed template are equal to the radius of the arc-shaped fixed template, and at the moment, the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley reaches a theoretical state.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2 and 4, after the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley reaches the theoretical state, a three-dimensional measurement coordinate system (the coordinate axes of the three-dimensional measurement coordinate system are respectively an x-axis, a y-axis and a z-axis, wherein the x-axis is perpendicular to the end surface of the arc-shaped fixed template) is established by taking the circle center o of one end surface of the arc-shaped fixed template on the axial direction as an origin, and a mark a is marked on the three-dimensional measurement coordinate system1、A2、A1-1、A2-1And B1、B2、B1-1、B2-1Three-dimensional coordinates of (a).
According to the technical scheme of the invention, the step of measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of any selected measurement test point on the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley by using a total station comprises the steps of firstly determining an erection point of the total station and obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of the erection point (namely determining a measurement main station), and particularly obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of the erection point of the total station in the step S5, wherein the step S5 comprises the following steps: and acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the erection point of the total station by adopting a back intersection method according to the three-dimensional coordinates of two first datum points closest to the total station.
The total station can be arranged on the horizontal plane of any end of the arc-shaped fixed template, in the above embodiment, a point is selected to erect the total station on the horizontal plane of any end of the arc-shaped fixed template, and the determination of the erection point position of the total station needs to meet the requirement of the total station erected at the pointTelescope of the instrument and a known same end1And A2Or A1-1And A2-1All can be seen through. And after the total station erection point is determined, acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the total station erection point by adopting a back intersection method.
In one embodiment, after obtaining the three-dimensional coordinates of the plurality of measurement stations, when the three-dimensional coordinates of any selected measurement test point on the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley need to be measured, the total station is moved to the measurement station corresponding to the measurement test point, and the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement test point are measured by adopting the prism-free function of the total station.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, the radial error of the measuring test point is calculated according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring test point. Specifically, the step S7) of comparing the distance value with the theoretical radius of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measurement test point is located to calculate the radial error of the measurement test point includes: using a formula
Calculating the radial error of the measuring test point, whereinLAnd the radial error of the measurement test point is shown, R is the theoretical radius of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measurement test point is located, and Z and Y are the vertical distances between the measurement test point and a coordinate axis parallel to the section of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measurement test point is located.
In the above embodiment, the cross section of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measurement test point is located is perpendicular to the x axis in the three-dimensional measurement coordinate system and is parallel to the coordinate plane formed by the y axis and the z axis, so that the length of the bevel edge of the projection of the coordinates of the measurement test point on the y axis and the z axis to the cross section is the distance value between the measurement test point and the projection of the origin, and according to the pythagorean theorem, a formula is adopted
Calculating the distance value, and comparing the distance value with the theoretical radius R of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley to obtain the radial error delta of the measuring test pointL。
Calculated radial error ΔLCan provide theoretical basis for the adjustment or production of the subsequent lining trolley template, and the radial error deltaLWhen the measurement test point is equal to 0, the measurement test point is superposed with a theoretical point corresponding to the measurement test point on the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley; when the calculated radial error deltaLNot equal to 0, indicating that the radial error delta exists between the measuring test point and the theoretical point corresponding to the measuring test point on the arc-shaped template of the lining trolleyLWith a calculated radial error ΔLAccording to the movement of the lining trolley template at which the measuring test point is controlled by a driving device to eliminate the radial error deltaL。
The invention provides a linear measuring method of an arc-shaped template of a lining trolley, which comprises the steps of respectively arranging a first datum point and a second datum point on an arc-shaped fixed template of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley and two arc-shaped movable templates connected with the arc-shaped fixed template, obtaining three-dimensional coordinates of a mounting point of a total station by taking the two first datum points arranged on the arc-shaped fixed template as reference coordinates after the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley is adjusted to reach a theoretical state, calibrating a plurality of measuring stations and selecting one measuring test point, measuring the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring test point by using a total station, calculating a distance value between the measuring test point and a projection of an original point according to the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring test point and the calculated distance value, and calculating a radial error of the measuring test point according to the theoretical radius of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley and. The line shape measuring method of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley provided by the invention has the advantages that the measured data is visual, the working problem that the line shape error of the arc-shaped template on the lining trolley cannot be directly and accurately confirmed by the conventional method is solved, and the measuring precision is improved.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the technical idea of the present invention, and these simple modifications are within the protective scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. The invention is not described in detail in order to avoid unnecessary repetition.
In addition, any combination of the various embodiments of the present application is also possible, and the same should be considered as disclosed in the present application as long as it does not depart from the idea of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. The linear measuring method of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley comprises the following steps of:
s1) marking four first reference points on the arc-shaped fixed template, wherein the four first reference points are respectively positioned at the vertexes of four corners of the outer contour of the arc-shaped fixed template; respectively marking a second datum point on two arc-shaped outer side edges of each arc-shaped movable template connected with the arc-shaped fixed template, wherein the second datum points are all positioned in the same plane, and the second datum points and the circle center of the arc-shaped fixed template are positioned in the same plane;
s2) measuring the elevation of each first datum point, and measuring the vertical distance between each second datum point and the top point of the arch of the arc-shaped fixed template and the vertical distance between each second datum point and the center line of the arc-shaped fixed template;
s3) adjusting the arc-shaped formwork of the lining trolley to reach a theoretical state through the elevation of each first datum point, the vertical distance between each second datum point and the top point of the arch top of the arc-shaped fixed formwork and the vertical distance between each second datum point and the center line of the arc-shaped fixed formwork;
s4) establishing a three-dimensional measurement coordinate system by taking the circle center of any end face of the arc-shaped fixed template in the axial direction as an origin, and marking the three-dimensional coordinates of the first reference point and the second reference point in the three-dimensional measurement coordinate system;
s5) erecting a total station on a horizontal plane of any one arc side edge direction of the arc-shaped fixed template, and acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of a total station erection point under the condition that the total station erection point is adjusted to be visible to two first reference points on the arc-shaped fixed template, which are closest to the total station;
s6) calibrating a plurality of measuring stations on a horizontal plane, wherein each measuring station comprises a main measuring station arranged at a total station erecting point and auxiliary measuring stations arranged in the other three side directions of the arc-shaped fixed template, any point on the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley is selected as a measuring test point, the total station is erected on the measuring station opposite to the measuring test point, and the total station is adopted to measure the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring test point;
s7) obtaining the original point projection of the original point on the section of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measuring and testing point is located, calculating the distance value between the measuring and testing point and the original point projection through the three-dimensional coordinates of the measuring and testing point, and comparing the distance value with the theoretical radius of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measuring and testing point is located to calculate the radial error of the measuring and testing point.
2. The measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the step S3) of adjusting the lining trolley arch form to a theoretical state by the elevation of each first reference point, the vertical distance of each second reference point from the top of the arch-shaped fixed form, and the vertical distance of each second reference point from the center line of the arch-shaped fixed form comprises:
adjusting the four first reference points to be at the same elevation;
and adjusting the vertical distance between each second reference point and the top point of the arch top of the arc-shaped fixed template and the vertical distance between each second reference point and the center line of the arc-shaped fixed template to be equal to the radius of the arc-shaped fixed template.
3. The surveying method according to claim 1, wherein acquiring three-dimensional coordinates of said total station setup point in step S5) comprises:
and acquiring the three-dimensional coordinates of the erection point of the total station by adopting a back intersection method according to the three-dimensional coordinates of two first datum points closest to the total station.
4. The measuring method according to claim 1, wherein the step S7) of comparing the distance value with the theoretical radius of the arc template of the lining trolley where the measuring test point is located to calculate the radial error of the measuring test point comprises:
using a formula
Calculating the radial error of the measuring test point, whereinLAnd the radial error of the measurement test point is shown, R is the theoretical radius of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measurement test point is located, and Z and Y are the vertical distances between the measurement test point and a coordinate axis parallel to the section of the arc-shaped template of the lining trolley where the measurement test point is located.
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