CN109291473B - Water-swelling rubber plate for impervious wall and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Water-swelling rubber plate for impervious wall and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109291473B CN109291473B CN201811140743.3A CN201811140743A CN109291473B CN 109291473 B CN109291473 B CN 109291473B CN 201811140743 A CN201811140743 A CN 201811140743A CN 109291473 B CN109291473 B CN 109291473B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
- E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
- E02D19/12—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water
- E02D19/18—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water by making use of sealing aprons, e.g. diaphragms made from bituminous or clay material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
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Abstract
The invention relates to a water-swellable rubber plate for an impervious wall and a manufacturing method thereof. The technical scheme is as follows: an upper notch is formed in one side of the upper part of the main board, a lower notch is formed in the other side of the lower part of the main board, a pre-buried connecting piece is arranged in the main board at the upper notch, the inner end of the pre-buried connecting piece is protruded and connected and fixed with the upper sieve plate, and the outer end of the pre-buried connecting piece extends out of the main board; a preset connecting hole is formed in the main board at the lower notch and penetrates through the lower sieve plate; the lower sieve plate is connected with the upper sieve plate through a plurality of sieve lines. The beneficial effects are that: the water-swelling rubber plate is produced by a special water-swelling rubber plate vulcanization mold, the inner cavity, the embedded connecting piece, the screen wire, the upper sieve plate and the lower sieve plate are combined together and vulcanized into an integral special water-swelling rubber plate, and the connection between the water-swelling rubber plates depends on the mechanical force of the embedded connecting piece and the preset connecting hole to tightly combine the matched upper gap and the lower gap, so that the leakage problem cannot exist between the special water-swelling rubber plates.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a waterproof device for an impervious wall and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a water-swellable rubber plate for the impervious wall and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The impervious wall is a continuous wall built in loose and permeable layer or earth-rock dam (weir) for preventing seepage, and can be extensively used in dam and building field, and its bottom portion can be embedded into bedrock or relatively impermeable stratum to a certain depth, so that it can cut off or reduce the seepage water flow in the foundation, and can ensure the stable permeation of foundation and safety of gate dam. The anti-seepage wall technology has the advantages of reliable structure, good anti-seepage effect, adaptability to various stratum conditions, simple and convenient construction and the like, particularly has good effect on treating the hidden danger of seepage deformation such as dam foundation seepage, behind-dam 'soil flow' and 'piping', and the like, and is widely applied at home and abroad. The seepage-proofing treatment with seepage-proofing pressure such as water conservancy and hydropower covering layers, earth-rock cofferdams and the like in China is generally the first choice of the seepage-proofing wall, and the existing seepage-proofing walls generally comprise common concrete seepage-proofing walls, reinforced concrete seepage-proofing walls, clay concrete seepage-proofing walls, plastic concrete seepage-proofing walls and mortar seepage-proofing walls. It has the problems that: the concrete impervious wall causes the problem of high stress of the wall body due to high elastic modulus, and the plastic concrete impervious wall has lower strength and impermeability and poorer durability; the wall is generally thicker, so that the cost is increased; overlarge construction site surface laying, long construction period, large disturbance to an original dam body and the like; in addition, the concrete coagulated by cement belongs to inorganic mineral materials, and the stability of the concrete is good. However, concrete/reinforced concrete structures in practical engineering applications are in natural environments and are bound to suffer from many damaging factors, such as freezing in winter, erosion of coastal impervious walls by seawater (corrosion of steel bars due to penetration of chlorine energy into concrete), corrosion of concrete due to sulfate contained in soil in some areas or acid rain, and great reduction of the service life of concrete.
Furthermore, concrete structures naturally have many fine capillary channels, fine cracks (not visible to the naked eye) and holes. In addition, the construction process is manual operation, so that the vibration is uneven, and honeycombs and holes are formed. These hazards give the water access to the concrete structure, where it slowly leaks through these capillary channels, cracks, holes. Destroy reinforcing steel bars and destroy concrete. Corrosion of reinforced concrete by water is most feared. The concrete corrosion inhibitor permeates into a concrete structure through capillary pipelines, cracks and holes, corrodes steel bars in the concrete structure, causes corrosion and expansion of the steel bars, further destroys the concrete structure, and further generates larger cracks. The crack increases, and the water yield increases, and the corruption is also more serious, and then destroys the holistic security of cut-off wall, leads to cut away the cut-off wall or takes place serious incident.
The invention discloses a composite impervious wall for hydraulic cofferdam engineering with high construction speed, good impervious effect and relatively low construction cost, and a construction method thereof, wherein the Chinese patent document publication number is 105951857B. The composite impervious wall comprises a concrete impervious wall body, a soft organic impervious film and an impervious connection structure, wherein the concrete impervious wall body positioned in an earth-rock foundation and the soft organic impervious film positioned in a landfill cofferdam weir body are integrally connected in an impervious mode through the impervious connection structure. The construction method comprises the steps of pouring the concrete guide groove, pouring the concrete impervious wall, arranging the soft organic impervious transition film and the fixed support frame, pouring the post-poured concrete cover cap and the like. It has the problems that: because water directly contacts the impervious wall, although a soft organic impervious film is designed, the effect is still not ideal, and the service life of the impervious wall is shortened.
The Chinese patent document publication No. 104746633A, the patent name "a waterproof and anti-seepage wall surface", includes: the waterproof layer is composed of waterproof concrete and a non-woven fabric net, the non-woven fabric net is soaked and solidified in the waterproof concrete, and the non-woven fabric net is parallel to the first brick wall. Through the mode, the waterproof and impermeable wall surface provided by the invention has the advantages that the waterproof concrete is arranged in the middle, the connection between the first brick wall body and the second brick wall body is enhanced, the structure is firmer, the double surfaces are waterproof, the cost is relatively low, and the waterproof effect is not ideal.
The invention discloses a Chinese patent document with the patent number of 103088786B and the patent name of 'impervious wall and construction method thereof', which is formed by movably connecting a plurality of sections of impervious plates, wherein each impervious plate is an anticorrosive plastic plate, each impervious plate comprises a main plate, and a connecting folding edge and a connecting folding ear which are arranged on two sides of the main plate, a pile machine template hanging groove is arranged at the bottom of the main plate, and the movable connection of the impervious plates means that two adjacent sections of impervious plates are in wedged connection, namely the connecting folding edge of the rear section of impervious plate is inserted into the connecting folding ear of the front section of impervious plate. The anti-seepage wall has simple structure, convenient construction and low cost, adopts polyethylene or polypropylene and other corrosion-resistant materials, has extremely long service life, has strong capability of adapting to the stress deformation of soil body because of the movable connection among the anti-seepage plates, does not cause crack accidents, and has very high cost performance. It is suitable for the soil dam of river, lake and sea reservoir and the anti-seepage treatment of soil building. It has the problems that: the anticorrosive plastic boards still have the hidden danger of water leakage, and the condition that the leakage can appear in the kneck of a plurality of anticorrosive plastic boards can not avoid, has still can lead to concrete wall's life-span to shorten for a long time.
In addition, the existing water-swellable rubber is generally vulcanized according to a formula directly according to a required expansion coefficient, does not need too strong strength and connecting components, and does not design a special vulcanization mold to complete production, so that the existing water-swellable rubber cannot be directly applied to the construction of an impervious wall and cannot exert excellent waterproof performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a water-swellable rubber plate for an impervious wall and a manufacturing method thereof.
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a water-swellable rubber plate for an impervious wall, which adopts the technical scheme that the method comprises the following steps:
1) mixing rubber according to the requirement of expansion coefficient to prepare a bottom layer water-swellable rubber sheet, a middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet and an outer layer water-swellable rubber sheet;
2) fixing the lower rubber compensation strip (a 5) and the compensation shaft (a 6) together through a connecting pin (a 9), and forming an integral A together with the mold opening lining strip (a 4);
3) the whole A is arranged in the cavity of a lower template (a 3);
4) the expansion coefficient of the bottom layer water-swellable rubber sheet after water absorption is five times, the bottom layer shape of the template (a 3) is pressed, the bottom layer is cut into a corresponding shape by a wallpaper knife, and the bottom layer water-swellable rubber sheet is placed into a lower template (a 3);
5) filling the middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet, wherein the swelling coefficient of the middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet is two times after water absorption, the middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet is required to be cut into fragments, then sleeving the upper rubber compensation strip (a 10) on the upper side of the embedded connecting piece (2.2), then continuously filling the middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet, installing a lower sieve plate (2.6) on the lower side of the lower template (a 3), and arranging a plurality of sieve lines (2.7) between the lower sieve plate (2.6) and the upper sieve plate (2.8); three or more large holes are formed in the lower sieve plate (2.6), and compensation shafts (a 6) are respectively arranged at the large holes;
6) then, filling an outer layer water-swelling rubber sheet, wherein the water-swelling coefficient of the rubber sheet is one time after water absorption, cutting the rubber sheet into corresponding shapes according to the shape of the mold, and filling the rubber sheet, wherein after the height of the outer layer water-swelling rubber sheet is 5-6 mm higher than that of a mold opening lining strip (a 4), an upper template (a 2) is installed on a lower template (a 3), and a positioning pin (a 1) is installed to form a water-swelling rubber vulcanization mold;
7) the heating mechanism of the vulcanizing machine is started, rubber sheets of all layers in the rubber vulcanizing mold expanding when meeting water are preheated, pressurization is started when the temperature reaches 120-150 ℃, whether rubber overflows in the rubber running groove (a 12) is judged, when the rubber overflows, heat preservation and pressure maintaining are carried out, and when the time reaches more than 45 minutes, the vulcanizing process of the rubber is completed.
Preferably, after the rubber vulcanization process is finished, the whole water-swelling rubber vulcanization mold is lifted out for cooling, and when the temperature is proper, the mold can be opened;
when the die is opened, firstly, the positioning pin (a 1) is opened, then the upper die plate (a 2) is lifted out of the lower die plate (a 3) through the die opening hole (a 8) on the upper die plate (a 2), if the upper die plate cannot be opened through the die opening hole (a 8), a bolt is installed at the die opening screw hole (a 7) of the upper die plate (a 2), the upper die plate (a 2) and the lower die plate (a 3) are separated forcibly, and the upper die plate (a 2) is lifted away;
the second step is that the lower template (a 3) is wholly reversed, the lining strip opening bolt is used for rotating along the lining strip opening screw hole (a 11), so that the mould opening lining strip (a 4) is taken out, then the lower template (a 3) is turned over, and the compensation shaft (a 6) and the upper rubber compensation strip (a 10) are taken out;
and thirdly, turning over the lower template (a 3), taking out the connecting pins (a 9), taking out the water-swellable rubber plate (2), and taking out the lower rubber compensation strips (a 5) to complete the manufacture of the group of water-swellable rubber plates (2).
Preferably, the lower sieve plate (2.6) and the upper sieve plate (2.8) are right-angled, and a plurality of sieve holes and large holes penetrate through the upper sieve plate.
Preferably, mainboard (2.1) upside of each group water-swelling rubber slab (2) is equipped with pre-buried connecting piece (2.2) three or more, is equipped with three or more than three at mainboard (2.1) downside and predetermines connecting hole (2.4), and when two sets of water-swelling rubber slabs (2) were connected, pre-buried connecting piece (2.2) of a set of water-swelling rubber slab (2) were connected with the connecting hole (2.4) of predetermineeing of another group.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the water-swellable rubber plate is made by a special water-swellable rubber plate vulcanization mold, and in the manufacturing process, in order to manufacture special water-swellable rubber with gradually strengthened water absorption force from inside to outside, different water-swellable rubbers with different water absorption forces are selected in a cavity between an upper template and a lower template when vulcanization manufacturing is needed, specifically, a bottom layer water-swellable rubber sheet, a middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet and an outer layer water-swellable rubber sheet are combined together in a layering manner with an embedded connecting piece, a sieve wire, an upper sieve plate and a lower sieve plate and vulcanized into an integral special water-swellable rubber plate, and the connection between the water-swellable rubber plates depends on the mechanical force of the embedded connecting piece and a preset connecting hole to enable the matched upper gap and the lower gap to be tightly combined, so that the leakage problem cannot exist between the special water-swellable rubber plates;
in addition, the mold opening screw holes adopted by the vulcanizing mold for production are matched with the bolts, so that the effect of forcibly separating the upper template from the lower template can be achieved, and the upper template and the lower template are separated by the method mainly when the upper template and the lower template cannot be separated by the mold opening holes; in addition, the mold opening strip bolt is arranged and used for ejecting the mold opening strip with the rectangular structure out of the lower template through the mold opening strip bolt after the upper template is opened when the mold opening strip bolt needs to be disassembled after vulcanization is finished, so that the vulcanized water-swellable rubber plate is convenient to disassemble more easily; the mold opening lining strip is of a rectangular structure, the cross section of the upper portion of the mold opening lining strip is of a right trapezoid structure, the outer side of the mold opening lining strip is an inclined plane, and the mold opening lining strip plays a role in guiding when the upper template is installed on the lower template, so that the upper template is installed on the lower template more easily; in a word, adopt dedicated vulcanization mould utensil, can produce the water-swelling rubber slab that meets the requirements of dykes and dams, should meet water-swelling rubber slab and arrange in proper order when using fixedly, tie a frame structural connection with the reinforcing bar again and fix or directly through the pre-buried connecting piece fixed connection of the water-swelling rubber slab of connecting piece and opposite side, make after its later stage concreting, can be connected as an organic wholely with the concrete wall.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of the present invention in use;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a water-swellable rubber sheet;
FIG. 4 is an external view of a water-swellable rubber sheet;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a water-swellable rubber curing mold;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view A-A of a water-swellable rubber curing mold;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view B-B of the water-swellable rubber curing mold;
FIG. 8 is a side cross-sectional view of a plurality of water-swellable rubber sheets;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the construction of the water-swellable rubber sheet in connection with reinforcing bars;
in the upper diagram: the concrete wall comprises a concrete wall body 1, a water-swelling rubber plate 2, a top protective rubber sleeve 3, a connecting piece 4, a lightning rod 5, a steel bar 6, a main plate 2.1, a pre-embedded connecting piece 2.2, an upper notch 2.3, a preset connecting hole 2.4, a lower notch 2.5, a lower sieve plate 2.6, a sieve wire 2.7 and an upper sieve plate 2.8; the rubber compensation device comprises a positioning pin a1, an upper template a2, a lower template a3, a mold opening lining strip a4, a lower rubber compensation strip a5, a compensation shaft a6, a mold opening screw hole a7, a mold opening hole a8, a connecting pin a9, an upper rubber compensation strip a10, a mold opening lining strip screw hole a11 and a rubber running groove a 12.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are described herein for the purpose of illustration and explanation and not limitation.
Referring to the attached drawings 1 and 2, when the water-swellable rubber sheet manufactured by the invention is applied, the formed concrete impervious wall for the dam comprises a concrete wall body 1, water-swellable rubber sheets 2 and a top protective rubber sleeve 3, wherein a water-resisting layer consisting of a plurality of water-swellable rubber sheets 2 is arranged outside the concrete wall body 1, the top protective rubber sleeve 3 is arranged at the top of the concrete wall body 1, the cross section of the concrete wall body 1 is of a trapezoidal structure at the lower part, a cuboid structure is arranged at the upper part, and the water-swellable rubber sheets 2 are gradually thinned from bottom to top.
A water-swellable rubber plate 2 is arranged on the outer side of the trapezoidal structure at the lower part of the concrete wall body 1, and a top protective rubber sleeve 3 is sleeved outside the rectangular structure at the upper part; the downside of protective rubber cover 3 is the toper structure, and the top contact of inner wall and water-swelling rubber slab 2, outside cover are meeting the outer wall of water-swelling rubber slab 2.
Referring to the attached drawings 3 and 4, the water-swellable rubber plate 2 comprises a main plate 2.1, an embedded connecting piece 2.2, an upper notch 2.3, a preset connecting hole 2.4, a lower notch 2.5, a lower sieve plate 2.6, a sieve wire 2.7 and an upper sieve plate 2.8, wherein the upper notch 2.3 is arranged on one side of the upper part of the main plate 2.1, the lower notch 2.5 is arranged on the other side of the lower part of the main plate, the embedded connecting piece 2.2 is arranged in the main plate at the position of the upper notch 2.3, the inner end of the embedded connecting piece 2.2 is protruded and is fixedly connected with the upper sieve plate 2.8, and the outer end of the embedded connecting piece extends out; a preset connecting hole 2.4 is formed in the main board at the lower notch 2.5 and penetrates through the lower sieve plate 2.6; the lower sieve plate 2.6 is connected with the upper sieve plate 2.8 through a plurality of sieve lines 2.7.
Wherein, lower sieve mesh 2.6 is right angle shape with last sieve mesh 2.8, and above run through have a plurality of sieve meshes and macropore, and a plurality of sieve meshes can make the sieve mesh better with the concrete setting, and the macropore is then used for making predetermineeing connecting hole 2.4.
In addition, 2.1 upside of mainboard of each group water-swelling rubber slab 2 is equipped with pre-buried connecting piece 2.2 three or more, is equipped with three or more than three at mainboard 2.1 downside and predetermines connecting hole 2.4, and when two sets of water-swelling rubber slabs 2 were connected, pre-buried connecting piece 2.2 of a set of water-swelling rubber slab 2 was connected with the connecting hole 2.4 of predetermineeing of another group.
Referring to fig. 5-7, the water-swellable rubber sheet 2 mentioned in the present invention is prepared by adding a water-swellable rubber sheet into a water-swellable rubber vulcanization mold, and then vulcanizing the water-swellable rubber vulcanization mold on a vulcanizing machine, wherein the water-swellable rubber vulcanization mold comprises a positioning pin a1, an upper mold plate a2, a lower mold plate a3, a mold opening lining a4, a lower rubber compensation strip a5, a compensation shaft a6, a connecting pin a9, and an upper rubber compensation strip a10, the lower rubber compensation strip a5 and the compensation shaft a6 are fixed together by the connecting pin a9, and installed on one side of the lower mold plate a3 together with the mold opening lining a4, and filled with the bottom water-swellable rubber sheet, an embedded connector 2.2 and an upper sieve plate 2.8 are installed on the other side of the lower mold plate a3, the middle water-swellable rubber sheet is continuously filled in, then the upper rubber compensation strip a10 is sleeved on the upper side of the embedded connector 2.2, and then the water-swellable rubber sheet is continuously filled in, and a lower sieve plate 3 is, a plurality of screen wires 2.7 are arranged between the lower sieve plate 2.6 and the upper sieve plate 2.8; the lower sieve plate 2.6 is provided with three or more large holes, compensation shafts a6 are respectively arranged at the large holes, then an outer layer water-swelling rubber sheet is continuously filled in, an upper template a2 is arranged on a lower template a3, and a positioning pin a1 is fixed.
The top of the lower template a3 is provided with a rubber running groove a12, a gap between the rubber running groove a12 and the upper and lower templates is communicated with a gap between the mold opening lining a4 and the upper template, so that when vulcanization is carried out, when rubber overflows from the rubber running groove, heat preservation and pressure maintaining are carried out, and when the time reaches more than 45 minutes, the vulcanization process of the rubber is completed.
In addition, the upper template a2 is provided with a plurality of mold opening screw holes a7, the mold opening screw holes a7 correspond to the glue running grooves a12, and the mold opening screw holes are matched with bolts to play a role in forcibly separating the upper template from the lower template, which is mainly used for separating the upper template from the lower template by using the method when the upper template and the lower template cannot be separated by the surrounding mold opening holes. And a die opening hole a8 is formed in the outer side edge between the lower template a3 and the upper template a 2.
In addition, the bottom of the lower template a3 of the invention is provided with a plurality of opening strip screw holes a11, and the opening strip screw holes a11 correspond to the opening strip a4 arranged in the lower template a3, and opening strip bolts are arranged, which is also that when disassembly is needed after vulcanization is completed, after the upper template is opened, the opening strip a4 with a rectangular structure is ejected out of the lower template through the opening strip bolts, thereby facilitating the disassembly of the vulcanized water-swellable rubber plate more easily. It should be noted that: the mold opening lining strip a4 is of a rectangular structure, the cross section of the upper portion of the mold opening lining strip is of a right trapezoid structure, the outer side of the mold opening lining strip is an inclined plane, and the mold opening lining strip plays a role in guiding when the upper mold plate is installed on the lower mold plate, so that the upper mold plate is installed on the lower mold plate more easily.
In addition, the method for manufacturing the water-swellable rubber plate comprises the following steps:
1. mixing rubber according to the requirement of expansion coefficient to prepare a bottom layer water-swellable rubber sheet, a middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet and an outer layer water-swellable rubber sheet;
2. fixing the lower rubber compensation strip a5 and the compensation shaft a6 together through a connecting pin a9, and forming a whole A together with the mold opening lining strip a 4;
3. the whole A is arranged at one side in the lower template a 3;
4. and (3) pressing the bottom layer shape of the template a3 to obtain a bottom layer water-swellable rubber sheet with the swelling coefficient of five times after water absorption, cutting the bottom layer shape into a corresponding shape by a wallpaper cutter, and placing the bottom layer water-swellable rubber sheet into the lower template a 3.
5. Filling the middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet, wherein the swelling coefficient of the middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet is two times after water absorption, the middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet is required to be cut into fragments, then sleeving the upper rubber compensation strip a10 on the upper side of the embedded connecting piece 2.2, then continuously filling the middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet, installing a lower sieve plate 2.6 on the lower side of the lower template a3, and arranging a plurality of sieve lines 2.7 between the lower sieve plate 2.6 and the upper sieve plate 2.8; three or more large holes are formed in the lower sieve plate 2.6, and compensation shafts a6 are respectively arranged at the large holes;
6. then, filling an outer layer water-swellable rubber sheet, wherein the swelling coefficient after water absorption is one time, cutting the outer layer water-swellable rubber sheet into a corresponding shape according to the shape of the mold, and filling the outer layer water-swellable rubber sheet, after the height of the outer layer water-swellable rubber sheet is higher than a mold opening lining strip a 45-6 mm, installing an upper template a2 on a lower template a3, and installing a positioning pin a1 to form a water-swellable rubber vulcanization mold;
7. starting a heating mechanism of a vulcanizing machine, preheating rubber sheets of all layers in a rubber vulcanizing mold which expands when meeting water, starting pressurization when the temperature reaches 120-150 ℃, judging whether rubber overflows from a rubber running groove a12, preserving heat and maintaining pressure when the rubber overflows, and finishing the vulcanizing process of the rubber when the time reaches more than 45 minutes.
8. After the rubber vulcanization process is finished, the whole water-swellable rubber vulcanization mold is lifted out for cooling, and when the temperature is proper, the mold can be opened;
9. when the die is opened, firstly, the positioning pin a1 is opened, then the upper die plate a2 is lifted out of the lower die plate a3 through the die opening hole a8 on the upper die plate a2, if the upper die plate cannot be opened through the die opening hole a8, a bolt is installed at the die opening screw hole a7 of the upper die plate a2, the upper die plate a2 and the lower die plate a3 are separated forcibly, and the upper die plate a2 is lifted away;
the second step is to reversely rotate the lower template a3 integrally, rotate the lower template a3 along the opening strip screw hole a11 by using the opening strip bolt, so as to take out the opening strip a4, then turn over the lower template a3, and take out the compensation shaft a6 and the upper rubber compensation strip a 10;
thirdly, the lower template a3 is turned over, the connecting pins a9 are taken out, the water-swellable rubber plate 2 can be taken out, and the lower rubber compensation strips a5 are taken out, so that the production of the group of water-swellable rubber plates 2 is completed.
Because the downside of concrete wall 1 is the trapezium structure, can change cope match-plate pattern and lower bolster as required, make it satisfy the requirement of slope, finally make the multiunit meeting the requirements of concrete wall 1 and met water inflation rubber slab 2.
Referring to the attached fig. 8 and 9, the construction method of the water-swellable rubber sheet for manufacturing the concrete diaphragm wall for the dam of the invention comprises the following steps:
1. firstly, manufacturing water-swellable rubber plates 2 matched with a concrete wall 1 according to engineering requirements, wherein the wall thickness of the water-swellable rubber plates is thinner and thinner from bottom to top, and producing a corresponding number of the water-swellable rubber plates 2 according to the length of a dam body;
2. secondly, tying reinforcing steel bars 6 at the upper part of the foundation of the original dam body, then sequentially connecting the water-swellable rubber plates 2, connecting and fixing the pre-buried connecting pieces of one group of the water-swellable rubber plates 2 with the pre-set connecting holes 2.4 of the other group of the water-swellable rubber plates, sequentially arranging and fixing the pre-buried connecting pieces, and connecting and fixing the outermost ends of the rubber plates with a reinforcing steel bar bundle frame structure or directly connecting the outermost ends of the rubber plates with the pre-buried connecting pieces of the water-swellable rubber plates on the other side of the rubber plates through the connecting pieces 4, so that the rubber plates can be connected with the concrete wall body into a whole after concrete is poured at the later stage, the whole concrete outer formwork is in; then, installing a wood outer template on the top to form a cuboid cavity;
3. thirdly, after the design requirements of the dam are met, pouring concrete into the inner cavity of the outer template formed by the water-swelling rubber plate 2, wherein a plurality of heat expansion pipes are arranged inside the outer template, and the heat expansion pipe plugs are provided with corrosion-resistant and aging-resistant rubber rods, so that a plurality of heat expansion holes for installing the rubber rods can be formed;
4. and finally, the outer wall of the cuboid structure at the top of the solidified concrete wall body is sleeved with an anti-aging and anti-corrosion top protective rubber sleeve 3, so that the upper position of the water-swellable rubber plate 2 at the lower part is protected, the water-swellable rubber plate 2 is prevented from being damaged in rainy or natural environment, the service life of the whole dam is prolonged, and the concrete impervious wall for the whole dam is manufactured.
In addition, a lightning rod 5 can be arranged in the dam according to the requirement, in addition, in the long-time use, the dam needs to be maintained, for example, the top protective rubber sleeve 3 is replaced, and the service life of the water-swelling rubber plate can be prolonged; the bottom layer water-swellable rubber sheet, the middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet and the outer layer water-swellable rubber sheet are water-swellable rubber in the prior art, and the water-swellable rubber sheets have different water-swellable coefficients, so that the requirements can be met, and the rubber sheet is corrosion-resistant and ageing-resistant; the basic principle is that when the impervious wall meets water, the water-swelling rubber plate can block the erosion of the water to the concrete, so that the service life of the concrete wall is prolonged.
In addition, the formula of the water-swellable rubber adopted by the invention is the conventional technology, and can be prepared by adopting the following formula: the formula of the bottom layer water-swelling rubber is as follows: 13kg of nitrile rubber, 10kg of water-absorbent resin, 0.13kg of stearic acid SA0.26 kg, 0.26kg of ferric oxide, 0.26kg of anti-aging agent RD (2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 2-dihydroquinoline polymer), 0.16kg of accelerator CZ (chemical name N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide), 0.26kg of rubber accelerator DM (chemical name: 2, 2' -dithiodibenzothiazole), 0.65kg of activator zinc oxide, 0.65kg of desiccant calcium oxide, 2.6kg of reinforcing agent silica, 1.95k of plasticizer DOP (dioctyl phthalate), 0.8978 kg of sulfur predisperse glue S-800.04 kg, 0.26kg of vulcanization cross-linking agent DCP, 3 peg 40001.kg, 0.08kg of diphenylmethane diisocyanate MDI and 1kg of silicon oxide. Wherein, the water-absorbing resin can adopt a commercial product BS-3 hydroxyl acrylic resin of Nanjing Saipu high molecular material Co, and the peg4000 is an ethylene oxide condensate, such as a product produced by Jiangsu Haian petrochemical plants. The expansion multiple of the water-swellable rubber is 5 times.
The formula of the middle layer water-swelling rubber is as follows: 13kg of nitrile rubber, 6kg of water-absorbing resin, 0.12kg of stearic acid SA0.12kg, 0.21kg of ferric oxide, 0.22kg of anti-aging agent RD (2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 2-dihydroquinoline polymer), 0.15kg of accelerator CZ (chemical name N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide), 0.26kg of rubber accelerator DM (chemical name: 2, 2' -dithiodibenzothiazole), 0.6kg of activator zinc oxide, 0.6kg of desiccant calcium oxide, 2.2kg of reinforcing agent silicon dioxide, 1.9k of plasticizer DOP (dioctyl phthalate), 2kg of sulfur predisperse glue S-800.04 kg, 0.26kg of vulcanization cross-linking agent DCP, 0.2kg of peg 40001.2kg of vulcanization cross-linking agent MDI, 0.08kg of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 0.9kg of silicon oxide MDI. Wherein, the water-absorbing resin can adopt a commercial product BS-3 hydroxyl acrylic resin of Nanjing Saipu high molecular material Co, and the peg4000 is an ethylene oxide condensate, such as a product produced by Jiangsu Haian petrochemical plants. The expansion multiple of the water-swellable rubber is 2 times.
The formula of the outer layer water-swelling rubber is as follows: 13kg of nitrile rubber, 3kg of water-absorbing resin, 0.13kg of stearic acid SA0.24 kg of ferric oxide, 0.25kg of anti-aging agent RD (2, 2, 4-trimethyl-1, 2-dihydroquinoline polymer), 0.13kg of accelerator CZ (chemical name of N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazole sulfenamide), 0.23kg of rubber accelerator DM (chemical name of 2, 2' -dithiodibenzothiazole), 0.6kg of activator zinc oxide, 0.6kg of desiccant calcium oxide, 2.1kg of reinforcing agent silica, 1.9k of plasticizer DOP (dioctyl phthalate), 2-800.04 kg of sulfur predisperse glue S-800.04 kg, 0.26kg of vulcanization cross-linking agent DCP, 3 peg 40001.kg of rubber, 0.08kg of diphenylmethane diisocyanate MDI and 0.8kg of silicon oxide. Wherein, the water-absorbing resin can adopt a commercial product BS-3 hydroxyl acrylic resin of Nanjing Saipu high molecular material Co, and the peg4000 is an ethylene oxide condensate, such as a product produced by Jiangsu Haian petrochemical plants. The expansion multiple of the water-swellable rubber is 1 time.
The above description is only a few of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art may modify the above-described embodiments or modify them into equivalent ones. Therefore, any simple modifications or equivalent substitutions made in accordance with the technical solution of the present invention are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for manufacturing a water-swellable rubber plate for an impervious wall is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) mixing rubber according to the requirement of expansion coefficient to prepare a bottom layer water-swellable rubber sheet, a middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet and an outer layer water-swellable rubber sheet;
2) fixing the lower rubber compensation strip (a 5) and the compensation shaft (a 6) together through a connecting pin (a 9), and forming an integral A together with the mold opening lining strip (a 4);
3) the whole A is arranged in the cavity of a lower template (a 3);
4) the expansion coefficient of the bottom layer water-swellable rubber sheet after water absorption is five times, the bottom layer shape of the template (a 3) is pressed, the bottom layer is cut into a corresponding shape by a wallpaper knife, and the bottom layer water-swellable rubber sheet is placed into a lower template (a 3);
5) filling the middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet, wherein the swelling coefficient of the middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet is two times after water absorption, the middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet is required to be cut into fragments, then sleeving the upper rubber compensation strip (a 10) on the upper side of the embedded connecting piece (2.2), then continuously filling the middle layer water-swellable rubber sheet, installing a lower sieve plate (2.6) on the lower side of the lower template (a 3), and arranging a plurality of sieve lines (2.7) between the lower sieve plate (2.6) and the upper sieve plate (2.8); three or more large holes are formed in the lower sieve plate (2.6), and compensation shafts (a 6) are respectively arranged at the large holes;
6) then, filling an outer layer water-swelling rubber sheet, wherein the water-swelling coefficient of the rubber sheet is one time after water absorption, cutting the rubber sheet into corresponding shapes according to the shape of the mold, and filling the rubber sheet, wherein after the height of the outer layer water-swelling rubber sheet is 5-6 mm higher than that of a mold opening lining strip (a 4), an upper template (a 2) is installed on a lower template (a 3), and a positioning pin (a 1) is installed to form a water-swelling rubber vulcanization mold;
7) the heating mechanism of the vulcanizing machine is started, rubber sheets of all layers in the rubber vulcanizing mold expanding when meeting water are preheated, pressurization is started when the temperature reaches 120-150 ℃, whether rubber overflows in the rubber running groove (a 12) is judged, when the rubber overflows, heat preservation and pressure maintaining are carried out, and when the time reaches more than 45 minutes, the vulcanizing process of the rubber is completed.
2. The method for manufacturing the water-swellable rubber sheet for the cut-off wall according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: after the rubber vulcanization process is finished, the whole water-swellable rubber vulcanization mold is lifted out for cooling, and when the temperature is proper, the mold can be opened;
when the die is opened, firstly, the positioning pin (a 1) is opened, then the upper die plate (a 2) is lifted out of the lower die plate (a 3) through the die opening hole (a 8) on the upper die plate (a 2), if the upper die plate cannot be opened through the die opening hole (a 8), a bolt is installed at the die opening screw hole (a 7) of the upper die plate (a 2), the upper die plate (a 2) and the lower die plate (a 3) are separated forcibly, and the upper die plate (a 2) is lifted away;
the second step is that the lower template (a 3) is wholly reversed, the lining strip opening bolt is used for rotating along the lining strip opening screw hole (a 11), so that the mould opening lining strip (a 4) is taken out, then the lower template (a 3) is turned over, and the compensation shaft (a 6) and the upper rubber compensation strip (a 10) are taken out;
and thirdly, turning over the lower template (a 3), taking out the connecting pins (a 9), taking out the water-swellable rubber plate (2), and taking out the lower rubber compensation strips (a 5) to complete the manufacture of the group of water-swellable rubber plates (2).
3. The method for manufacturing the water-swellable rubber sheet for the cut-off wall according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the lower sieve plate (2.6) and the upper sieve plate (2.8) are right-angled, and a plurality of sieve pores and large pores penetrate through the upper sieve plate.
4. The method for manufacturing the water-swellable rubber sheet for the cut-off wall according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: mainboard (2.1) upside of every group water-swelling rubber slab (2) is equipped with pre-buried connecting piece (2.2) three or more, is equipped with three or more than three at mainboard (2.1) downside and predetermines connecting hole (2.4), and when two sets of water-swelling rubber slab (2) were connected, pre-buried connecting piece (2.2) of a set of water-swelling rubber slab (2) were connected with another set of connection hole (2.4) of predetermineeing.
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| CN205934843U (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-02-08 | 重庆水利电力职业技术学院 | Impervious floodwall is used to high -efficient water conservancy |
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Effective date of registration: 20221222 Address after: 210000 Zijing Avenue, Gaochun Economic Development Zone, Nanjing, Jiangsu Patentee after: NANJING NUMANCO NEW MATERIALS CO.,LTD. Address before: 221000 building 68, health food science park, Fazhan Avenue, suyangshan Town, Pizhou City, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee before: JIANGSU TIANSUYUAN FOOD Co.,Ltd. |