CN109287432B - Ornamental trees and shrubs transplanting device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tree transplanting, and particularly relates to an ornamental tree transplanting device which comprises a sliding block, a first executing mechanism, a second executing mechanism, a third executing mechanism, a fourth executing mechanism, an arc limiting plate and the like, wherein a transmission hydraulic system is simplified, so that four blades in the device can simultaneously carry out soil inserting and root cutting operations; according to the tree transplanting device, through the design of the inserting plate, the arc-shaped strip, the arc-shaped sliding plate, the driving plate, the telescopic rod, the first spring, the sliding plate, the supporting rail and the like, when the four blades are used for simultaneously carrying out soil inserting and root cutting operation, once one or two blades are greatly hindered by root cutting, the transplanting device can be automatically adjusted, the phenomenon that a truck body is overhead is avoided, and normal tree transplanting operation is not influenced. The invention has simple structure and better use effect.

Description

Ornamental trees and shrubs transplanting device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tree transplanting, and particularly relates to an ornamental tree transplanting device.

Background

With the vigorous development of urban greening, a plurality of trees are required to be transplanted on two sides of a traffic channel or in an urban park in many cities so as to meet the requirement of urbanization development. At present, a plurality of tools are available for transplanting garden trees, wherein in the aspect of rapid transplanting of medium and large trees, a tree transplanting truck is equipment for rapidly transplanting trees, only a few seeds are needed from digging the trees to placing on the truck, and the tree transplanting efficiency is greatly improved. When the existing tree transplanting truck excavates trees, the trees are mainly surrounded by four blades, then the four blades are sequentially used for soil inserting, root cutting and excavation at intervals, finally, the trees are directly excavated after the four blades are used for completely inserting soil and cutting, and soil balls of the trees are well stored and can be directly placed on the truck for rapid transportation. In addition, in the traditional tree transplanting truck, soil insertion, root cutting and digging of each blade are realized by utilizing an independent hydraulic control unit, and the hydraulic control units of different action units are distributed more, so that hydraulic system faults are easy to occur, and certain troubles are caused for equipment maintenance; the tree transplanting device in the tree transplanting truck does not need a plurality of hydraulic control units for tree digging, and only needs a single hydraulic control unit, so that the number of the hydraulic control units is reduced, the number of hydraulic pipeline valves is reduced, the possibility of leakage of hydraulic oil is reduced, the fault problem of a hydraulic system is reduced, and the maintenance efficiency is improved.

The invention designs an ornamental tree transplanting device to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a garden tree transplanting device which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "below", "upper" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention usually place when using, and are only used for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation or be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The utility model provides a gardens tree transplanting device which characterized in that: the device comprises a sliding block, a guide block, a first L-shaped plate, a first executing mechanism, a second executing mechanism, a third executing mechanism, a fourth executing mechanism, a first arc-shaped plate, a second arc-shaped plate, an arc-shaped limiting plate, a support lug and a plug, wherein one end of the first L-shaped plate is fixedly provided with the sliding block, and the other end of the first L-shaped plate is fixedly provided with the first arc-shaped plate; two guide blocks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sliding block; one end of the first arc-shaped plate is fixedly provided with a plug, and the inner arc surface of the other end of the first arc-shaped plate is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped limiting plate; one end of the second arc-shaped plate is provided with two symmetrical support lugs, and the other end of the second arc-shaped plate is hinged with one end of the first arc-shaped plate, which is far away from the plug, in a hinged mode; the second arc-shaped plate is matched with the arc-shaped limiting plate in a limiting way; one end of the first arc-shaped plate, which is provided with the support lug, is matched with one end of the first arc-shaped plate, which is provided with the plug; the first arc-shaped plate is provided with a first actuating mechanism, a second actuating mechanism and a third actuating mechanism, the first actuating mechanism, the second actuating mechanism and the third actuating mechanism are uniformly distributed on the first arc-shaped plate along the circumferential direction, the first actuating mechanism is close to the plug, and the third actuating mechanism is close to the limiting arc-shaped plate; the fourth actuating mechanism is arranged in the middle of the second arc-shaped plate; the first actuator, the second actuator, the third actuator and the fourth actuator are identical.

The first actuating mechanism comprises an arc-shaped guide plate, a fixed plate, a third hydraulic rod, a support rail, a sliding plate, a telescopic rod, a first fixing ring, a second fixing ring, a first spring, a drive plate, a blade, an arc-shaped block, a fixed block, an arc-shaped strip, a second L-shaped plate, a second spring, an arc-shaped sliding plate, a plug board, a third spring and a Z-shaped plate, wherein the arc-shaped guide plate is fixedly arranged on the first arc-shaped plate through a square hole formed in the lower end of the arc-shaped guide plate; one end of the fixing plate is fixedly arranged on the outer arc surface at the upper end of the arc-shaped guide plate, and the other end of the fixing plate is fixedly provided with a third hydraulic rod; the lower end of the third hydraulic rod is fixedly provided with a supporting rail; the sliding plate is arranged in the support rail in a sliding fit mode, and both ends of the sliding plate penetrate out of the support rail; both ends of the sliding plate are respectively provided with a baffle plate; the arc-shaped block is provided with a first arc-shaped through groove and a second arc-shaped through groove which are communicated up and down, the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped block is provided with an arc-shaped T groove, the second arc-shaped through groove is positioned between the first arc-shaped through groove and the arc-shaped T groove, the arc-shaped block is provided with a sliding cavity, the sliding cavity is communicated with the second arc-shaped through groove and the arc-shaped T groove, and the sliding cavity is positioned on the upper side of the arc-shaped block; the inserting plate is arranged in the sliding cavity in a sliding fit mode; one end of a third spring is arranged on the side surface of the inserting plate, the other end of the third spring is arranged on the side cavity surface of the sliding cavity, and the third spring is positioned in the sliding cavity; the inserting plate is provided with a third arc-shaped through groove which is communicated up and down, and the groove surface of one side of the third arc-shaped through groove, which is far away from the third spring, is provided with an inclined surface; one end of the driving plate is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped sliding plate, and the driving plate and the arc-shaped sliding plate form a T shape; the arc-shaped sliding plate is installed in the arc-shaped T groove in a sliding fit mode, and one end, far away from the arc-shaped sliding plate, of the driving plate penetrates out of the arc-shaped T groove; a slot is formed in one side, away from the driving plate, of the arc-shaped sliding plate; one end of the plug board, which is far away from the third spring, is in insertion fit with the slot; one end of the second L-shaped plate is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the arc-shaped block, and the lower surface of the other end of the second L-shaped plate is provided with a second spring; one end of the second spring, which is far away from the second L-shaped plate, is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the driving plate; the arc-shaped block slides on the arc-shaped guide plate through the first arc-shaped through grooves formed in the arc-shaped block; one side of the fixed block is fixedly arranged on the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped guide plate, and the other side of the fixed block is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped strip; the arc-shaped strip is matched with the second arc-shaped through groove in the arc-shaped block; the arc-shaped strip is matched with the third arc-shaped through groove and the inclined plane on the inserting plate; the arc-shaped strip is positioned between the arc-shaped guide plate and the second L-shaped plate; the blade is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the arc-shaped block and is positioned between the arc-shaped guide plate and the arc-shaped strip.

The inner cutter face and the outer cutter face of the blade are spherical surfaces, the lower side of the blade is triangular, and the lower end of the blade is a sharp corner.

The lower end of a Z-shaped plate in the first actuating mechanism is fixedly arranged on an inner rod which is telescopic in a third hydraulic rod, and the upper end of the Z-shaped plate is positioned on the upper side of the drive plate; a space exists between the upper end of the Z-shaped plate and the driving plate, and the upper end of the Z-shaped plate and the driving plate are in extrusion press fit.

One end of a telescopic rod in the first actuating mechanism is arranged at one end of the driving plate far away from the arc-shaped block in a hinged mode, and the other end of the telescopic rod in the first actuating mechanism is arranged at one end of the sliding plate close to the arc-shaped block in a hinged mode; the telescopic rod consists of a telescopic outer sleeve and a telescopic inner rod, a first fixing ring is fixedly arranged on the outer circular surface of the telescopic outer sleeve, and a second fixing ring is fixedly arranged on the outer circular surface of the telescopic inner rod; the first spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, one end of the first spring is installed on the first fixing ring, and the other end of the first spring is installed on the second fixing ring.

For the state when the first actuator is not performing work: when the third hydraulic rod does not extend and move and the blade is in a non-working state, one end, far away from the fixed block, of the arc-shaped strip penetrates out of the arc-shaped block through the second arc-shaped through groove, one end, far away from the fixed block, of the arc-shaped strip penetrates through the third arc-shaped through groove of the inserting plate, one end, far away from the third spring, of the inserting plate is located in the inserting groove of the arc-shaped sliding plate, the third spring is stretched, the second spring is in a natural state, and the first spring is.

A truck with a hydraulic system and a control system comprises a first hydraulic rod, an articulated block, a guide rail and a second hydraulic rod, wherein the guide rail is mounted on a frame of the truck in an articulated manner through the articulated block; one end of the first hydraulic rod is mounted on a frame of the truck in a hinged mode, and the other end of the first hydraulic rod is mounted on the guide rail in a hinged mode; the point of the hinged block connected with the guide rail is close to the lower side of the guide rail, and the point of the first hydraulic rod connected with the guide rail is close to the upper side of the guide rail; the guide rail is provided with a track, and two guide grooves are symmetrically formed in two sides of the track; one end of the second hydraulic rod is fixedly arranged at the top end of the guide rail, and the second hydraulic rod is positioned in the track of the guide rail.

The control system of the truck controls the hydraulic system; the first hydraulic rod is connected with a hydraulic system through one path of hydraulic pipe; the second hydraulic rod is connected with the hydraulic system through one path of hydraulic pipe.

As a further improvement of the technology, the sliding block is installed in the track of the guide rail in a sliding fit manner, and the two guide blocks are respectively installed in the two guide grooves in a sliding fit manner; the telescopic inner rod in the second hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with the sliding block.

As a further improvement of the present technology, the hydraulic system is output through one hydraulic pipe and is divided into four hydraulic pipes through a flow dividing valve, and the four hydraulic pipes are respectively connected to a third hydraulic rod in the first actuator, a third hydraulic rod in the second actuator, a third hydraulic rod in the third actuator, and a third hydraulic rod in the fourth actuator. The design is that: the hydraulic system only needs to be controlled by one path of hydraulic pipe directly connected with the hydraulic system, and the third hydraulic rod in the first executing mechanism, the third hydraulic rod in the second executing mechanism, the third hydraulic rod in the third executing mechanism and the third hydraulic rod in the fourth executing mechanism can be simultaneously stretched and contracted after passing through the flow dividing valve.

As a further improvement of the present technology, the plug of the first arc-shaped plate is inserted between the two support lugs of the second arc-shaped plate, and after the plug and the two support lugs are limited by the pins, the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate form a complete circle, and at this time, the first actuating mechanism, the second actuating mechanism, the third actuating mechanism and the fourth actuating mechanism are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.

As a further improvement of the technology, the circle center of the radian of the arc-shaped strip is concentric with the circle center of the radian of the arc-shaped guide plate; the circle center of the radian of the second arc-shaped through groove and the circle center of the radian of the third arc-shaped through groove are concentric with the circle center of the radian of the arc-shaped strip. The design is that: when the arc piece slides from top to bottom along the arc guide board, the arc strip can slide smoothly in the third arc through groove of picture peg and the second arc through groove of arc piece relatively, avoids the motion interference that the arc strip produced when sliding relatively in arc piece and picture peg.

As a further improvement of the present technology, the first L-shaped plate is located between the second actuator and the third actuator.

As a further improvement of the technology, the number of the third springs is two, and the third springs are symmetrically distributed on the corresponding side surfaces of the inserting plate. The design is that: the symmetrical distribution of the two third springs enables the plug board to be subjected to more reasonable acting force from the third springs.

As a further improvement of the present technique, the end of the insert plate remote from the third spring has a sharp corner. The design is that: the end of the board with the sharp angle can be better and conveniently inserted into the slot of the arc-shaped sliding board.

As a further improvement of the technology, one end of the arc-shaped strip, which is far away from the fixed block, is a round angle. The design is that: one end of the arc-shaped strip with a round corner can be better matched with the inclined plane of the inserting plate in an extrusion way; compared with the design without the round angle, the end with the round angle can reduce the abrasion to a certain extent when being extruded with the inclined plane.

The control system in the truck is provided with an A switch for controlling the expansion and contraction of a first hydraulic rod, a B switch for controlling the expansion and contraction of a second hydraulic rod, and a C switch for simultaneously controlling the expansion and contraction of a third hydraulic rod in a first actuating mechanism, a third hydraulic rod in a second actuating mechanism, a third hydraulic rod in a third actuating mechanism and a third hydraulic rod in a fourth actuating mechanism.

The design for the slider and guide block is as follows: the guide block can not only enable the sliding block to stably slide up and down in the guide rail, but also prevent the sliding block from being separated from the guide rail, thereby ensuring that the transplanting device can stably slide up and down under the guide of the guide rail and meeting the high requirement of the actual working environment.

The design that the second arc is spacing matched with the arc limiting plate lies in: when the inner cambered surface of the second arc-shaped plate is not contacted and matched with one end of the arc-shaped limiting plate, which is far away from the first arc-shaped plate, the plug of the first arc-shaped plate cannot be inserted between the two support lugs of the second arc-shaped plate; when the inner arc surface of the second arc plate just contacts and matches with one end of the arc limiting plate far away from the first arc plate, the plug of the first arc plate just can be inserted between the two support lugs of the second arc plate. The design of the arc limiting plate is convenient for an operator to quickly swing the second arc plate to a position where the plug is inserted between the two support lugs, and the influence on the working efficiency caused by the fact that the operator passes through the central position of the first arc plate when the operator swings the second arc plate brute force is avoided; in addition, after the plug is inserted into the two support lugs, the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate form a complete circle, and the arc limiting plate can assist in ensuring that the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate maintain a complete circle.

The design that one end that first arc has the journal stirrup and the one end matched with that first arc has the plug lies in: firstly, when the transplanting device does not perform transplanting operation, the plug of the first arc-shaped plate is inserted between the two support lugs of the second arc-shaped plate, and the plug and the two support lugs are limited by the pins, so that the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate form a complete circle, the second arc-shaped plate cannot swing randomly in the driving process of a truck, and the collision damage caused when the fourth executing mechanism swings randomly along with the second arc-shaped plate is avoided. Secondly, when the transplanting device is used for transplanting, an operator takes away the pin, the limitation between the plug and the two support lugs through the pin is eliminated, and the second arc-shaped plate is in a free swing state, so that the tree main rod can be sleeved at the center of the first arc-shaped plate; after the tree main rod is sleeved at the center of the first arc-shaped plate, an operator inserts the pin again, the plug and the two support lugs are limited again, the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate are enabled to form a complete circle again, and the tree main rod is located at the center of the circle.

The design that the one end of the flashboard far away from the third spring is inserted and matched with the slot is as follows: first, after the one end that the third spring was kept away from to the picture peg inserted the slot of arc slide, the third spring was in tensile state this moment, and the picture peg is spacing with the arc slide, and the drive plate drives the picture peg up-and-down motion through the arc slide like this, and the arc slide can not slide in the arc T groove is middle and upper, and the picture peg makes the arc piece follow the arc slide and slides from top to bottom along arc guide board. Secondly, after one end of the plug board, far away from the third spring, is inserted into the slot of the arc-shaped sliding board, the plug board relieves the limitation on the arc-shaped sliding board, and the driving board drives the arc-shaped sliding board to slide up and down in the arc-shaped T slot.

The second arc in arc strip and the arc piece leads to the groove and cooperatees, and the third arc on arc strip and the picture peg leads to groove and inclined plane matched with design to lie in: firstly, when the arc-shaped strip passes through the third arc-shaped through groove on the inserting plate through the second arc-shaped through groove, the arc-shaped strip limits the position of the inserting plate, the end of the inserting plate far away from the third spring is inserted into the slot of the arc-shaped sliding plate, and the limitation of the arc-shaped strip on the inserting plate ensures that the end of the inserting plate far away from the third spring cannot be separated from the slot of the arc-shaped sliding plate. Secondly, when the arc-shaped strip is separated from the third arc-shaped through groove on the inserting plate, the arc-shaped strip does not limit the inserting plate any more, the inserting plate moves to reset under the reset action of the third spring, and one end of the inserting plate, which is far away from the third spring, is separated from the inserting groove of the arc-shaped sliding plate; after the insertion plate is moved and reset, the inclined plane position on the insertion plate just corresponds to the second arc-shaped through groove. Thirdly, when one end of the arc-shaped strip with the fillet passes through the inserting plate again through the second arc-shaped through groove, the end of the arc-shaped strip with the fillet can extrude an inclined plane on the inserting plate, and the inserting plate moves in the direction far away from the third spring under the extrusion action of the arc-shaped strip; when the inserting plate moves to a certain distance in the direction far away from the third spring, one end of the arc strip with the fillet penetrates through the third arc through groove of the inserting plate, and the arc strip limits the inserting plate again.

The design of the sliding plate mounted in the support rail by means of a sliding fit is: when the third hydraulic stem drives the support rail to move up and down, the sliding plate moves up and down along with the support rail in the axial direction of the third hydraulic stem, the distance between the sliding plate and the arc-shaped block is changed, and the sliding plate can automatically adjust the distance between the sliding plate and the arc-shaped block according to the up-down movement amount of the support rail, so that the sliding plate needs to slide in the support rail. The sliding plate is provided with a baffle plate at both ends, and the baffle plate is designed to prevent the sliding plate from being separated from the supporting rail.

One end of the telescopic rod is installed on one end of the driving plate far away from the arc-shaped block in a hinged mode, and the other end of the telescopic rod is installed on one end of the sliding plate close to the arc-shaped block in a hinged mode: in the process that the sliding plate moves up and down along with the support rail, the sliding plate pulls the driving plate to move up and down through the telescopic rod; because the sliding plate slides in the support rail and automatically adjusts the distance between sliding plate and the arc piece, so the telescopic link need follow the slip of sliding plate in the support rail and automatically adjust the flexible volume of telescopic link and the swing of telescopic link to guarantee that the sliding plate can drive the drive plate motion through the telescopic link all the time.

The arc T-shaped groove has the following functions: preventing the arc-shaped sliding plate from being separated from the arc-shaped T groove.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the installation of the transplanting apparatus.

Fig. 2 is an overall schematic view of the transplanting vehicle.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the hinge block.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the second hydraulic ram.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the guide block slidably mounted in the guide channel.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the installation of the slider.

Fig. 7 is an overall schematic view of the transplanting apparatus.

Figure 8 is a schematic view of the installation of the first arcuate plate and the second arcuate plate.

Fig. 9 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is an overall schematic view of the first actuator.

Fig. 11 is a schematic front view of fig. 10.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the installation of the blade.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the installation of the third hydraulic rod and the Z-shaped plate.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the installation of the telescoping pole.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural view of the telescopic rod.

Fig. 16 is a schematic sectional front view of the inner structure of the arc-shaped block.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the installation of the second spring.

Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional (one) schematic view of an arcuate block.

Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional (two) schematic view of an arc-shaped block.

Fig. 20 is a sectional view of the installation of the arc-shaped block.

Fig. 21 is a sectional view showing the installation of the third spring.

Figure 22 is a schematic view of the structure of the board and the installation of the arc-shaped sliding board.

Figure 23 is a cross-sectional view of an interposer inserted into a socket.

Fig. 24 is a schematic view of the installation of the arced strip.

Fig. 25 is a schematic diagram of a blade in normal operation and a blade stuck in operation.

Fig. 26 is a schematic diagram of the blade being jammed when deactivated.

Number designation in the figures: 1. a transplanting vehicle; 2. a truck; 3. a first hydraulic lever; 4. a hinged block; 5. a guide rail; 6. a slider; 7. a guide block; 8. a second hydraulic rod; 9. a track; 10. a guide groove; 13. a transplanting device; 14. a first L-shaped plate; 15. a first actuator; 16. a second actuator; 17. a third actuator; 18. a fourth actuator; 19. a first arc-shaped plate; 20. a second arc-shaped plate; 21. an arc limiting plate; 22. supporting a lug; 23. a plug; 25. an arc-shaped guide plate; 26. a fixing plate; 27. a third hydraulic lever; 28. a support rail; 29. a sliding plate; 30. a baffle plate; 31. a telescopic rod; 32. a telescopic outer sleeve; 33. a telescopic inner rod; 34. a first retaining ring; 35. a second retaining ring; 36. a first spring; 37. a drive plate; 38. a blade; 39. an arc-shaped block; 40. a fixed block; 41. an arc-shaped strip; 42. a second L-shaped plate; 43. a second spring; 44. an arc-shaped sliding plate; 45. a slot; 46. inserting plates; 47. a third arc-shaped through groove; 48. a bevel; 49. sharp corners; 50. a third spring; 51. a first arc-shaped through groove; 52. a second arc-shaped through groove; 53. a sliding cavity; 54. an arc T-shaped groove; 55. round corners; 56. and a Z-shaped plate.

Detailed Description

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings; it should be understood that the description is illustrative only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. All terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art unless otherwise defined. It is noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with the context of this specification and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense. The structure in the drawings of the invention is only schematic and is not limited by specific proportion, shape and installation relationship; the structures in the drawings are merely for facilitating the understanding of the present invention and do not limit the actual requirements. The installation of the structure in the attached drawings of the invention can be processed by adopting the prior art, and the attached drawings are not specifically limited.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the device comprises a slider 6, a guide block 7, a first L-shaped plate 14, a first actuator 15, a second actuator 16, a third actuator 17, a fourth actuator 18, a first arc-shaped plate 19, a second arc-shaped plate 20, an arc-shaped limit plate 21, a support lug 22 and a plug 23, wherein as shown in fig. 7, one end of the first L-shaped plate 14 is fixedly provided with the slider 6, and the other end is fixedly provided with the first arc-shaped plate 19; two guide blocks 7 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sliding block 6; as shown in fig. 8 and 9, one end of the first arc plate 19 is fixedly provided with a plug 23, and the inner arc surface of the other end is fixedly provided with an arc limiting plate 21; one end of the second arc-shaped plate 20 is provided with two symmetrical support lugs 22, and the other end is hinged with one end of the first arc-shaped plate 19 far away from the plug 23 in a hinged mode; the second arc-shaped plate 20 is in limited fit with the arc-shaped limiting plate 21; the end of the first arc 19 having the lug 22 is fitted with the end of the first arc 19 having the plug 23; as shown in fig. 7, the first arc-shaped plate 19 is provided with a first actuator 15, a second actuator 16 and a third actuator 17, the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16 and the third actuator 17 are uniformly distributed on the first arc-shaped plate 19 along the circumferential direction, the first actuator 15 is close to the plug 23, and the third actuator 17 is close to the limiting arc-shaped plate; the fourth actuator 18 is mounted at the middle position of the second arc-shaped plate 20; the first, second, third and fourth actuators 16, 17, 18 are identical.

As shown in fig. 10, 11 and 16, the first actuator 15 includes an arc-shaped guide plate 25, a fixed plate 26, a third hydraulic rod 27, a support rail 28, a sliding plate 29, a telescopic rod 31, a first fixed ring 34, a second fixed ring 35, a first spring 36, a driving plate 37, a blade 38, an arc-shaped block 39, a fixed block 40, an arc-shaped bar 41, a second L-shaped plate 42, a second spring 43, an arc-shaped sliding plate 44, an inserting plate 46, a third spring 50 and a Z-shaped plate 56, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, wherein the arc-shaped guide plate 25 is fixedly mounted on the first arc-shaped plate 19 through a square hole provided at a lower end; as shown in fig. 10 and 13, one end of the fixing plate 26 is fixedly installed on the outer arc surface of the upper end of the arc guide plate 25, and the other end is fixedly installed with a third hydraulic rod 27; a support rail 28 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the third hydraulic rod 27; as shown in fig. 11 and 14, the sliding plate 29 is installed in the supporting rail 28 by sliding fit, and both ends of the sliding plate 29 penetrate out of the supporting rail 28; the sliding plate 29 has a baffle 30 at each end; as shown in fig. 18 and 19, the arc block 39 is provided with a first arc through groove 51 and a second arc through groove 52 which are through up and down, the outer arc surface of the arc block 39 is provided with an arc T groove 54, the second arc through groove 52 is located between the first arc through groove 51 and the arc T groove 54, the arc block 39 is provided with a sliding cavity 53, the sliding cavity 53 is communicated with the second arc through groove 52 and the arc T groove 54, and the sliding cavity 53 is located at the upper side of the arc block 39; as shown in fig. 20 and 21, the insert plate 46 is mounted in the sliding cavity 53 by means of a sliding fit; one end of the third spring 50 is mounted on the side surface of the insert plate 46, the other end is mounted on the side cavity surface of the sliding cavity 53, and the third spring 50 is positioned in the sliding cavity 53; as shown in fig. 22, the insertion plate 46 is provided with a third arc-shaped through groove 47 which penetrates up and down, and a groove surface of one side of the third arc-shaped through groove 47, which is far away from the third spring 50, is provided with an inclined surface 48; an arc-shaped sliding plate 44 is fixedly arranged at one end of the driving plate 37, and the driving plate 37 and the arc-shaped sliding plate 44 form a T shape; as shown in fig. 20 and 21, the arc-shaped sliding plate 44 is installed in the arc-shaped T-shaped slot 54 in a sliding fit manner, and one end of the driving plate 37 far away from the arc-shaped sliding plate 44 penetrates out of the arc-shaped T-shaped slot 54; as shown in fig. 22, the side of the arc-shaped sliding plate 44 away from the driving plate 37 is provided with a slot 45; as shown in fig. 20 and 22, the end of the insert plate 46 away from the third spring 50 is inserted into the slot 45; as shown in fig. 16 and 17, one end of the second L-shaped plate 42 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the arc block 39, and the lower surface of the other end is mounted with a second spring 43; one end of the second spring 43 away from the second L-shaped plate 42 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the driving plate 37; as shown in fig. 10 and 17, the arc block 39 slides on the arc guide plate 25 through all the first arc through slots 51; as shown in fig. 11 and 24, one side of the fixing block 40 is fixedly installed on the outer arc surface of the arc guide plate 25, and the other side is fixedly installed with the arc bar 41; the arc-shaped strip 41 is matched with a second arc-shaped through groove 52 in the arc-shaped block 39; the arc-shaped strip 41 is matched with a third arc-shaped through groove 47 and an inclined surface 48 on the inserting plate 46; as shown in fig. 11, the arc-shaped bar 41 is located between the arc-shaped guide plate 25 and the second L-shaped plate 42; as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the blade 38 is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the arc block 39, and the blade 38 is located between the arc guide plate 25 and the arc bar 41.

As shown in fig. 12, the inner and outer surfaces of the insert 38 are spherical surfaces, the lower side of the insert 38 is triangular, and the lower end of the insert 38 has a sharp corner 49.

As shown in fig. 11 and 13, the lower end of the Z-shaped plate 56 of the first actuator 15 is fixedly mounted on the telescopic inner rod of the third hydraulic rod 27, and the upper end of the Z-shaped plate 56 is located on the upper side of the driving plate 37; a space exists between the upper end of the Z-shaped plate 56 and the driving plate 37, and the upper end of the Z-shaped plate 56 is in press fit with the driving plate 37.

As shown in fig. 14 and 16, the telescopic rod 31 of the first actuator 15 is hinged to the end of the driving plate 37 away from the arc block 39, and hinged to the end of the sliding plate 29 close to the arc block 39; as shown in fig. 15, the telescopic rod 31 is composed of a telescopic outer sleeve 32 and a telescopic inner rod 33, a first fixing ring 34 is fixedly installed on the outer circumferential surface of the telescopic outer sleeve 32, and a second fixing ring 35 is fixedly installed on the outer circumferential surface of the telescopic inner rod 33; as shown in fig. 14, the first spring 36 is fitted over the telescopic rod 31, and one end of the first spring 36 is mounted on the first fixing ring 34 and the other end is mounted on the second fixing ring 35.

For the state when the first actuator 15 is not performing work: when the third hydraulic rod 27 does not extend and the blade 38 is in the non-working state, as shown in fig. 16, 20 and 23, the end of the arc-shaped bar 41 away from the fixed block 40 passes through the arc-shaped block 39 through the second arc-shaped through groove 52, the end of the arc-shaped bar 41 away from the fixed block 40 passes through the third arc-shaped through groove 47 of the insert plate 46, as shown in fig. 23, the end of the insert plate 46 away from the third spring 50 is located in the slot 45 of the arc-shaped sliding plate 44, as shown in fig. 16, the third spring 50 is stretched, the second spring 43 is in the natural state, and the first spring 36 is in the slightly compressed state.

As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 5, the transplanting vehicle 1 of the present invention comprises a first hydraulic rod 3, an articulated block 4, a guide rail 5, and a second hydraulic rod 8, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, wherein the guide rail 5 is mounted on the frame of the truck 2 in an articulated manner through the articulated block 4; one end of the first hydraulic rod 3 is arranged on the frame of the truck 2 in a hinged mode, and the other end of the first hydraulic rod is arranged on the guide rail 5 in a hinged mode; the point of the hinged block 4 connected with the guide rail 5 is close to the lower side of the guide rail 5, and the point of the first hydraulic rod 3 connected with the guide rail 5 is close to the upper side of the guide rail 5; as shown in fig. 3, the guide rail 5 has a rail 9, and two guide grooves 10 are symmetrically formed on both sides of the rail 9; as shown in fig. 4, one end of the second hydraulic rod 8 is fixedly installed on the top end of the guide rail 5, and the second hydraulic rod 8 is located in the track 9 of the guide rail 5.

The control system of the truck 2 controls the hydraulic system; the first hydraulic rod 3 is connected with a hydraulic system through one path of hydraulic pipe; the second hydraulic rod 8 is connected with a hydraulic system through one hydraulic pipe.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the sliding block 6 is installed in the track 9 of the guide rail 5 in a sliding fit manner, and the two guide blocks 7 are respectively installed in the two guide grooves 10 in a sliding fit manner; as shown in fig. 6, the retractable inner rod of the second hydraulic rod 8 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 6.

The hydraulic system is output through one hydraulic pipe and is divided into four hydraulic pipes through a flow dividing valve, and the four hydraulic pipes are respectively connected with a third hydraulic rod 27 in the first executing mechanism 15, a third hydraulic rod 27 in the second executing mechanism 16, a third hydraulic rod 27 in the third executing mechanism 17 and a third hydraulic rod 27 in the fourth executing mechanism 18. The design is that: the hydraulic system only needs to be controlled by one hydraulic pipe directly connected with the hydraulic system, and after passing through the flow dividing valve, the third hydraulic rod 27 in the first actuating mechanism 15, the third hydraulic rod 27 in the second actuating mechanism 16, the third hydraulic rod 27 in the third actuating mechanism 17, and the third hydraulic rod 27 in the fourth actuating mechanism 18 can be extended and retracted simultaneously.

As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the plug 23 of the first arc-shaped plate 19 is inserted between the two support lugs 22 of the second arc-shaped plate 20, and after the plug 23 and the two support lugs 22 are limited by the pins, the first arc-shaped plate 19 and the second arc-shaped plate 20 form a complete circle, and at this time, the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.

As shown in fig. 11, the center of the arc bar 41 is concentric with the center of the arc guide plate 25; as shown in fig. 16 and 18, the arc of the second arc-shaped through slot 52 and the arc of the third arc-shaped through slot 47 are concentric with the arc of the arc-shaped strip 41. The design is that: when the arc block 39 slides up and down along the arc guide plate 25, the arc bars 41 can slide smoothly in the third arc through groove 47 of the insertion plate 46 and the second arc through groove 52 of the arc block 39, so that the movement interference generated when the arc bars 41 slide relatively in the arc block 39 and the insertion plate 46 is avoided.

As shown in fig. 7, the first L-shaped plate 14 is located between the second actuator 16 and the third actuator 17.

As shown in fig. 22, there are two third springs 50, and the third springs 50 are symmetrically disposed on the corresponding sides of the insert plate 46. The design is that: the symmetrical distribution of the two third springs 50 enables the insert plate 46 to be subjected to a more reasonable force from the third springs 50.

As shown in fig. 22, the end of the insert plate 46 remote from the third spring 50 has a sharp corner 49. The design is that: the end of the plate 46 having the sharp corner 49 is better and easier to insert into the slot 45 of the curved slide 44.

As shown in fig. 24, the end of the arc-shaped strip 41 away from the fixing block 40 is a rounded corner 55. The design is that: the end of the arc-shaped strip 41 with the round corner 55 can better press fit with the inclined surface 48 of the insert plate 46; the end with the radius 55 will reduce wear to some extent when pressed against the ramp 48, as compared to a design without the radius 55.

The control system of the truck 2 according to the present invention includes an a switch for controlling the expansion and contraction of the first hydraulic rod 3, a B switch for controlling the expansion and contraction of the second hydraulic rod 8, and a C switch for simultaneously controlling the expansion and contraction of the third hydraulic rod 27 in the first actuator 15, the third hydraulic rod 27 in the second actuator 16, the third hydraulic rod 27 in the third actuator 17, and the third hydraulic rod 27 in the fourth actuator 18.

The description of the shape of the blade 38 in the present invention is only a description of a partial feature, and the specific complete feature is not particularly limited, and the blade 38 of the present invention may be the blade 38 of the prior art tree digging device.

In the present invention, the elastic coefficient of the second spring 43 needs to be smaller than that of the first spring 36, and the elastic coefficient of the first spring 36 needs to be larger, so that the present invention can operate smoothly.

The working process of the invention is as follows:

when the transplanting device 13 does not transplant trees, the first hydraulic rod 3 does not hydraulically extend, the guide rail 5 and the frame of the truck 2 are placed at 10-15 degrees, the second hydraulic rod 8 does not hydraulically extend, and the sliding block 6 is positioned at the middle upper part of the guide rail 5; the plug 23 of the first arc-shaped plate 19 is inserted between the two support lugs 22 of the second arc-shaped plate 20, and the plug 23 and the two support lugs 22 are limited by pins, so that the first arc-shaped plate 19 and the second arc-shaped plate 20 form a complete circle, and the second arc-shaped plate 20 cannot swing randomly in the running process of the truck 2, thereby avoiding collision damage caused when the fourth actuating mechanism 18 swings randomly along with the second arc-shaped plate 20; the third hydraulic levers 27 in the first, second, third and fourth actuators 15, 16, 17, 18 are not hydraulically extended; as shown in fig. 16, the arc-shaped sliding plate 44 is located at the top of the arc-shaped T-shaped slot 54, one end of the insertion plate 46, which is far away from the third spring 50, is inserted into the insertion slot 45 of the arc-shaped sliding plate 44, at this time, the third spring 50 is in a stretching state, the insertion plate 46 limits the arc-shaped sliding plate 44, so that the driving plate 37 drives the insertion plate 46 to move up and down through the arc-shaped sliding plate 44, the arc-shaped sliding plate 44 cannot slide up and down in the arc-shaped T-shaped slot 54, and the insertion plate 46 enables the arc; when the arc-shaped strip 41 passes through the third arc-shaped through groove 47 on the inserting plate 46 through the second arc-shaped through groove 52, the position of the inserting plate 46 is limited by the arc-shaped strip 41, at this time, one end of the inserting plate 46 far away from the third spring 50 is inserted into the slot 45 of the arc-shaped sliding plate 44, and the limitation of the arc-shaped strip 41 on the inserting plate 46 ensures that one end of the inserting plate 46 far away from the third spring 50 cannot be separated from the slot 45 of the arc-shaped sliding plate 44.

When the truck 2 runs to the position near the tree to be transplanted, an operator opens the switch A, the hydraulic system enables the first hydraulic rod 3 to hydraulically extend through the corresponding hydraulic pipeline, and then the guide rail 5 swings around the hinge point where the hinge block 4 is located; as shown in fig. 2, when the first hydraulic rod 3 is hydraulically extended to a certain length, the guide rail 5 is in a vertical state, and the operator stops the switch a, and the first hydraulic rod 3 is not hydraulically extended any more.

The process of positioning the transplanting device 13 at the bottom of the guide rail 5: an operator opens the switch B, a hydraulic system enables the second hydraulic rod 8 to hydraulically extend through a corresponding hydraulic pipeline, and the sliding block 6 drives the guide block 7, the first L-shaped plate 14, the first arc-shaped plate 19 and the structure connected with the first arc-shaped plate 19 to move downwards; as shown in FIG. 4, when the second hydraulic rod 8 is extended to a certain length hydraulically, the slide block 6 is located at the bottom of the guide rail 5, and at this time, the operator stops the switch B, and the second hydraulic rod 8 is not extended any more hydraulically. The transplanting device 13 is thus positioned at the bottom of the guide rail 5.

The transplanting process of the tree by the transplanting device 13 is as follows: an operator takes away the pin, the release plug 23 and the two support lugs 22 are limited through the pin, and the second arc-shaped plate 20 is in a free swing state, so that the tree main rod can be sleeved at the center of the first arc-shaped plate 19; after the tree trunk is sleeved at the center of the first arc-shaped plate 19, an operator inserts the pin again, and limits the plug 23 and the two support lugs 22 again, so that the first arc-shaped plate 19 and the second arc-shaped plate 20 form a complete circle again, and the tree trunk is positioned at the center of the circle. The operator opens the switch C, the hydraulic system makes the third hydraulic rods 27 in the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 hydraulically extend at the same time through the corresponding hydraulic pipelines, and the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 perform the tree transplanting work at the same time.

When the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 are not greatly hindered to perform the tree transplanting operation, the operation flows of the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 are the same, taking the first actuator 15 as an example: as shown in fig. 25 (a), during the hydraulic extension of the third hydraulic rod 27, the third hydraulic rod 27 drives the sliding plate 29 to move downwards via the support rail 28, the third hydraulic rod 27 drives the Z-shaped plate 56 to move downwards, the downward movement of the sliding plate 29 causes the telescopic rod 31 to be stretched, the first spring 36 is stretched, and a gap exists between the upper end of the Z-shaped plate 56 and the drive plate 37; due to the large elastic coefficient of the first spring 36, when the first spring 36 is slightly stretched to a certain degree, the sliding plate 29 can pull the driving plate 37 to move downwards through the telescopic rod 31. In the process that the sliding plate 29 pulls the driving plate 37 to move downwards through the telescopic rod 31, the distance between the sliding plate 29 and the arc-shaped block 39 changes, the sliding plate 29 can automatically adjust the distance between the sliding plate 29 and the arc-shaped block 39 according to the downward movement amount of the supporting rail 28, and the telescopic rod 31 needs to automatically adjust the expansion amount of the telescopic rod 31 and the swinging of the telescopic rod 31 along with the sliding of the sliding plate 29 in the supporting rail 28, so that the sliding plate 29 can be ensured to drive the driving plate 37 to move through the telescopic rod 31 all the time. The drive plate 37 drives the insert plate 46 via the arc-shaped sliding plate 44 to move downwards, the arc-shaped sliding plate 44 does not slide downwards in the arc-shaped T-shaped groove 54, the insert plate 46 enables the arc-shaped block 39 to slide downwards along the arc-shaped guide plate 25 along with the arc-shaped sliding plate 44, and the arc-shaped block 39 drives the blade 38 to move downwards, so that the blade 38 can be inserted into the soil and can also cut off the small root system around the tree.

When the blades 38 of the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 are all inserted into the soil, and the depth of the four blades 38 reaches a certain degree, the four blades 38 are mutually matched to form a hemisphere, and the hemisphere surrounded by the four blades 38 is a root soil ball of the tree. When the four blades 38 are fitted to each other to form a hemisphere, the states of the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17, and the fourth actuator 18 are as follows, taking the first actuator 15 as an example: one end of the arc-shaped strip 41 with the fillet 55 is just separated from the third arc-shaped through groove 47 on the inserting plate 46, the arc-shaped strip 41 does not limit the inserting plate 46 any more, the inserting plate 46 moves to reset under the resetting action of the third spring 50, one end of the inserting plate 46 far away from the third spring 50 is separated from the inserting groove 45 of the arc-shaped sliding plate 44, and the arc-shaped sliding plate 44 is still positioned at the top of the arc-shaped T groove 54; after the insertion plate 46 is moved and reset, the position of the inclined surface 48 on the insertion plate 46 is just corresponding to the second arc-shaped through groove 52; the upper end of the Z-shaped plate 56 is still spaced from the drive plate 37 and the support rail 28 is spaced from the ground to allow room for the support rail 28 to move downward.

The process of transplanting the trees from the soil is as follows: after the four blades 38 are matched with each other to form a hemisphere, the operator resets the switch C, the hydraulic system makes the third hydraulic rods 27 in the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 hydraulically reset at the same time through the corresponding hydraulic pipelines, the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 simultaneously transplant the tree out of the soil, and the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 have the same action, taking the first actuator 15 as an example: during the hydraulic resetting of the third hydraulic rod 27, the support rail 28 and the Z-shaped plate 56 move upwards to be reset along with the third hydraulic rod 27, and the first spring 36 is compressed; when the first spring 36 is slightly compressed to a certain amount, the sliding plate 29 drives the driving plate 37 to move upwards through the telescopic rod 31 to return, and at the moment, the telescopic rod 31 is compressed; since the arc slide plate 44 is located at the top of the arc T-shaped slot 54, the arc block 39 is driven by the driving plate 37 via the arc slide plate 44 to move upwards along the arc guide plate 25, and the inserting plate 46 and the third spring 50 follow the arc block 39; then, when the end of the arc-shaped strip 41 with the round corner 55 passes through the inserting plate 46 again through the second arc-shaped through groove 52, the end of the arc-shaped strip 41 with the round corner 55 presses the inclined surface 48 on the inserting plate 46, the inserting plate 46 moves in the direction away from the third spring 50 under the pressing action of the arc-shaped strip 41, and after the inserting plate 46 moves to a certain distance in the direction away from the third spring 50, the end of the arc-shaped strip 41 with the round corner 55 passes through the third arc-shaped through groove 47 of the inserting plate 46, and the arc-shaped strip 41 re-limits the inserting plate 46. During the upward movement of the arc block 39 along the arc guide plate 25, the arc block drives the blade 38 to move upward and return.

When the four blades 38 are moved upward and reset at the same time, the four blades 38 can transplant the tree out of the soil.

The process of placing the transplanted trees on the truck 2: an operator resets the switch B, the hydraulic system enables the second hydraulic rod 8 to carry out hydraulic resetting through a corresponding hydraulic pipeline, and the sliding block 6 drives the structure formed by connecting the guide block 7, the first L-shaped plate 14, the first arc-shaped plate 19 and the first arc-shaped plate 19 to move upwards for resetting; when the hydraulic reset of the second hydraulic rod 8 is finished, the switch B is turned off by an operator at the moment, and the second hydraulic rod 8 does not act hydraulically any more. The transplanting device 13 thus places the trees in position on the guide 5. The operator resets the switch A, the hydraulic system enables the first hydraulic rod 3 to be hydraulically reset through a corresponding hydraulic pipeline, and then the guide rail 5 swings around the hinge point where the hinge block 4 is located; when the hydraulic reset of the first hydraulic rod 3 is finished, the guide rail 5 swings to the original state, and at the moment, the switch A is turned off by an operator, and the first hydraulic rod 3 does not act hydraulically any more.

When the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 perform tree transplanting work, when a large root system is encountered, it is possible that one or two of the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 may be greatly obstructed and the corresponding blade 38 cannot be inserted into the soil further, so as to explain a case that the first actuator 15 is greatly obstructed, and the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 are not greatly obstructed: when the blade 38 in the first actuator 15 is not significantly impeded, the hydraulic system provides a load Q1 to the first, second, third and fourth actuators 15, 16, 17, 18. When the blade 38 in the first actuator 15 is greatly hindered from moving downward, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 can continue to move downward smoothly, and the load provided by the hydraulic system to the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 is Q2, and Q2 is greater than Q1; as the blade 38 in the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 continues to move downwards, and the blade 38 in the first actuator 15 still cannot move downwards, the load Q2 provided by the hydraulic system to the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 gradually increases; as shown in fig. 25 (a), in this process, the first springs 36 in the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17, and the fourth actuator 18 are all in a slightly stretched state; as shown in fig. 25 (b), the blade 38 of the first actuator 15 cannot move downwards continuously, and the sliding plate 29 of the first actuator 15 moves downwards continuously along with the corresponding third hydraulic rod 27, so that the first spring 36 is gradually stretched, and the downward pulling force applied to the driving plate 37 of the first actuator 15 is gradually increased; thus, the amount of increase in Q2 during this process is substantially attributable to the first actuator 15; when the downward pulling force on the drive plate 37 in the first actuator 15 increases gradually beyond the resistance of the blades 38 in the first actuator 15, the blades 38 can cut the root system of the obstruction very quickly and continue to penetrate down into the soil. When the blades 38 of the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 are inserted into the position where the four blades 38 are mutually matched to form a hemisphere, and the blades 38 of the first actuator 15 still cannot break through a large obstacle, the blades 38 of the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 cannot move downwards continuously under the mutual limiting action of each other, at this time, the insertion plates 46 of the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 release the limit on the corresponding arc-shaped sliding plates 44, the insertion plate 46 of the first actuator 15 still limits the corresponding arc-shaped sliding plates 44, a space still exists between the upper ends of the Z-shaped plates 56 of the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 and the corresponding driving plates 37, the upper end of the Z-shaped plate 56 of the first actuator 15 is in contact with the driving plates 37 of the first actuator 15, the support rails 28 in the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 are spaced from the ground, so that the support rails 28 have a space for moving downwards, the first springs 36 in the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 are slightly stretched, and the first springs 36 in the first actuator 15 are stretched.

When the blade 38 in the first actuator 15 still cannot break through a large obstacle, the hydraulic system continues to extend the third hydraulic rods 27 in the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 through the corresponding hydraulic lines, and the load provided by the hydraulic system to the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 is Q3, and Q3 is greater than Q2; since the insertion plates 46 in the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 release the limit of the corresponding arc-shaped sliding plates 44, the third hydraulic rods 27 in the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 can continue to extend, and the actions in the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 are the same, as shown in fig. 26 (a), taking the second actuator 16 as an example: the support rail 28 continues to move downwards along with the third hydraulic rod 27, the sliding plate 29 moves downwards along with the support rail 28, and since the elastic coefficient of the second spring 43 is smaller than that of the first spring 36, the slightly stretched first spring 36 can make the sliding plate 29 easily drive the driving plate 37 to move downwards through the telescopic rod 31, the second spring 43 can be easily stretched, and the driving plate 37 drives the arc-shaped sliding plate 44 to move downwards along the arc-shaped T-shaped groove 54; that is, during continued downward movement of the third hydraulic lever 27 in the second actuator 16, there is substantially no large change in the resistance that the third hydraulic lever 27 overcomes. In summary, in the case where the third hydraulic rod 27 continues to extend in the second, third, and fourth actuators 16, 17, and 18, the energy consumed in the second, third, and fourth actuators 16, 17, and 18 does not substantially change.

In the case where the hydraulic system continues to extend the third hydraulic rod 27 in the first actuator 15 through the corresponding hydraulic line, as shown in fig. 26 (b), since the upper end of the Z-shaped plate 56 in the first actuator 15 is in contact with the drive plate 37 in the first actuator 15, the third hydraulic rod 27 in the first actuator 15 does not actually extend any further, the first spring 36 in the first actuator 15 is not extended any further, but the pressure of the third hydraulic rod 27 to the drive plate 37 through the Z-shaped plate 56 increases. As the extension of the third hydraulic lever 27 in the second, third and fourth actuators 16, 17 and 18 continues, the load Q3 provided by the hydraulic system also increases gradually, while the energy consumed in the second, third and fourth actuators 16, 17 and 18 does not change substantially so that the increased amount of Q3 is substantially provided to the third hydraulic lever 27 in the first actuator 15; relatively speaking, the load added by the hydraulic system is basically applied to the drive plate 37 in the first actuator 15 via the third hydraulic rod 27 and the Z-shaped plate 56 in the first actuator 15, so that the pressure applied to the drive plate 37 by the Z-shaped plate 56 in the first actuator 15 is rapidly increased; when the pressure provided by the Z-shaped plate 56 of the first actuator 15 to the drive plate 37 is greater than the resistance of the blade 38 of the first actuator 15 when the Q3 is increased to a certain extent, the blade 38 can cut the root system of the obstruction very quickly and continue to be inserted downward into the soil until the blade 38 of the first actuator 15 and the blades 38 of the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 are engaged with each other to form a hemisphere, and the arc-shaped sliding plate 44 of the first actuator 15 is still located at the top of the corresponding arc-shaped T-shaped slot 54. After the four blades 38 are matched with each other to form a hemisphere, the resetting of the third hydraulic rod 27 in the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 firstly enables the arc-shaped sliding plate 44 in the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 to reset to the top of the corresponding arc-shaped T-shaped groove 54, in the resetting process of the arc-shaped sliding plate 44, the resetting action of the second spring 43 pulls the corresponding driving plate 37 to reset, and the second spring 43 plays a role in assisting the resetting of the arc-shaped sliding plate 44, so that the arc-shaped sliding plate 44 can be better reset. After the arc-shaped sliding plates 44 in the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 are all positioned at the tops of the corresponding arc-shaped T-shaped grooves 54, the process that the first actuator 15, the second actuator 16, the third actuator 17 and the fourth actuator 18 are matched with each other to transplant the trees out of the soil is repeated.

The transplanting device 13 of the invention is suitable for the transplanting condition of trees within a certain capacity range, namely the maximum hydraulic pressure provided by the hydraulic system to the first actuating mechanism 15, the second actuating mechanism 16, the third actuating mechanism 17 and the fourth actuating mechanism 18 is just less than the gravity of the truck 2, so that the design requirement avoids the tilting of the tire of the truck 2 when the maximum hydraulic pressure provided by the hydraulic system to the first actuating mechanism 15, the second actuating mechanism 16, the third actuating mechanism 17 and the fourth actuating mechanism 18 is more than the gravity of the truck 2, thereby avoiding the damage to the chassis of the truck 2 caused by the suspension of one side of the chassis of the truck 2.

In the transplanting device 13, the hydraulic system is output through one path of hydraulic pipes and is divided into four paths of hydraulic pipes through the flow dividing valve, and the four hydraulic pipes are respectively connected with the third hydraulic rod 27 in the first executing mechanism 15, the third hydraulic rod 27 in the second executing mechanism 16, the third hydraulic rod 27 in the third executing mechanism 17 and the third hydraulic rod 27 in the fourth executing mechanism 18, so that a hydraulic pipeline system is greatly simplified, the trouble that the hydraulic system needs to be respectively connected with the third hydraulic rod 27 in the first executing mechanism 15, the third hydraulic rod 27 in the second executing mechanism 16, the third hydraulic rod 27 in the third executing mechanism 17 and the third hydraulic rod 27 in the fourth executing mechanism 18 through independent one path of hydraulic pipes is avoided, the stability of the hydraulic system is improved to a certain extent, and the failure probability of the hydraulic system is reduced; in addition, the simplification of the connection of the hydraulic pipes of the transplanting device 13 of the present invention reduces the number of hydraulic control units that are individually controlled by the hydraulic system, thereby reducing the number of hydraulic line valves, reducing the possibility of leakage of hydraulic oil, reducing the problem of failure of the hydraulic system, and improving maintenance efficiency. The reduced number of hydraulic control units reduces the cost of the hydraulic system, facilitating the production and sale of the present invention.

In conclusion, the invention has the main beneficial effects that: according to the tree transplanting machine, the transmission hydraulic system is simplified, so that the four blades can simultaneously carry out soil inserting and root cutting operation, the resistance is higher when the four blades simultaneously carry out soil inserting and root cutting operation according to the common knowledge, particularly when thick roots which are difficult to cut are encountered, the truck body is overhead easily caused by the simultaneous soil inserting and root cutting operation of the four blades, and the progress of tree transplanting operation is seriously influenced. By the design of the inserting plate, the arc-shaped strip, the arc-shaped sliding plate, the driving plate, the telescopic rod, the first spring, the sliding plate, the supporting rail and the like, when the four blades simultaneously carry out soil inserting and root cutting operation, once one or two blades are greatly hindered by root cutting, the transplanting device can carry out automatic adjustment, the phenomenon of overhead truck body is avoided, and normal tree transplanting operation is not influenced; when the blade which is not greatly hindered by root cutting is successfully inserted into the root cutting, the hydraulic system continuously increases the load of the first executing mechanism, the second executing mechanism, the third executing mechanism and the fourth executing mechanism, and the blade which is greatly hindered by root cutting can easily cut off the root system of the tree, thereby ensuring that the tree transplanting operation is successfully completed. The invention has simple structure and better use effect.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a gardens tree transplanting device which characterized in that: the device comprises a sliding block, a guide block, a first L-shaped plate, a first executing mechanism, a second executing mechanism, a third executing mechanism, a fourth executing mechanism, a first arc-shaped plate, a second arc-shaped plate, an arc-shaped limiting plate, a support lug and a plug, wherein one end of the first L-shaped plate is fixedly provided with the sliding block, and the other end of the first L-shaped plate is fixedly provided with the first arc-shaped plate; two guide blocks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the sliding block; one end of the first arc-shaped plate is fixedly provided with a plug, and the inner arc surface of the other end of the first arc-shaped plate is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped limiting plate; one end of the second arc-shaped plate is provided with two symmetrical support lugs, and the other end of the second arc-shaped plate is hinged with one end of the first arc-shaped plate, which is far away from the plug, in a hinged mode; the second arc-shaped plate is matched with the arc-shaped limiting plate in a limiting way; one end of the first arc-shaped plate, which is provided with the support lug, is matched with one end of the first arc-shaped plate, which is provided with the plug; the first arc-shaped plate is provided with a first actuating mechanism, a second actuating mechanism and a third actuating mechanism, the first actuating mechanism, the second actuating mechanism and the third actuating mechanism are uniformly distributed on the first arc-shaped plate along the circumferential direction, the first actuating mechanism is close to the plug, and the third actuating mechanism is close to the limiting arc-shaped plate; the fourth actuating mechanism is arranged in the middle of the second arc-shaped plate; the first actuating mechanism, the second actuating mechanism, the third actuating mechanism and the fourth actuating mechanism are completely the same;

the first actuating mechanism comprises an arc-shaped guide plate, a fixed plate, a third hydraulic rod, a support rail, a sliding plate, a telescopic rod, a first fixing ring, a second fixing ring, a first spring, a drive plate, a blade, an arc-shaped block, a fixed block, an arc-shaped strip, a second L-shaped plate, a second spring, an arc-shaped sliding plate, a plug board, a third spring and a Z-shaped plate, wherein the arc-shaped guide plate is fixedly arranged on the first arc-shaped plate through a square hole formed in the lower end of the arc-shaped guide plate; one end of the fixing plate is fixedly arranged on the outer arc surface at the upper end of the arc-shaped guide plate, and the other end of the fixing plate is fixedly provided with a third hydraulic rod; the lower end of the third hydraulic rod is fixedly provided with a supporting rail; the sliding plate is arranged in the support rail in a sliding fit mode, and both ends of the sliding plate penetrate out of the support rail; both ends of the sliding plate are respectively provided with a baffle plate; the arc-shaped block is provided with a first arc-shaped through groove and a second arc-shaped through groove which are communicated up and down, the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped block is provided with an arc-shaped T groove, the second arc-shaped through groove is positioned between the first arc-shaped through groove and the arc-shaped T groove, the arc-shaped block is provided with a sliding cavity, the sliding cavity is communicated with the second arc-shaped through groove and the arc-shaped T groove, and the sliding cavity is positioned on the upper side of the arc-shaped block; the inserting plate is arranged in the sliding cavity in a sliding fit mode; one end of a third spring is arranged on the side surface of the inserting plate, the other end of the third spring is arranged on the side cavity surface of the sliding cavity, and the third spring is positioned in the sliding cavity; the inserting plate is provided with a third arc-shaped through groove which is communicated up and down, and the groove surface of one side of the third arc-shaped through groove, which is far away from the third spring, is provided with an inclined surface; one end of the driving plate is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped sliding plate, and the driving plate and the arc-shaped sliding plate form a T shape; the arc-shaped sliding plate is installed in the arc-shaped T groove in a sliding fit mode, and one end, far away from the arc-shaped sliding plate, of the driving plate penetrates out of the arc-shaped T groove; a slot is formed in one side, away from the driving plate, of the arc-shaped sliding plate; one end of the plug board, which is far away from the third spring, is in insertion fit with the slot; one end of the second L-shaped plate is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the arc-shaped block, and the lower surface of the other end of the second L-shaped plate is provided with a second spring; one end of the second spring, which is far away from the second L-shaped plate, is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the driving plate; the arc-shaped block slides on the arc-shaped guide plate through the first arc-shaped through grooves formed in the arc-shaped block; one side of the fixed block is fixedly arranged on the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped guide plate, and the other side of the fixed block is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped strip; the arc-shaped strip is matched with the second arc-shaped through groove in the arc-shaped block; the arc-shaped strip is matched with the third arc-shaped through groove and the inclined plane on the inserting plate; the arc-shaped strip is positioned between the arc-shaped guide plate and the second L-shaped plate; the blade is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the arc-shaped block and is positioned between the arc-shaped guide plate and the arc-shaped strip;

the inner cutter face and the outer cutter face of the blade are spherical surfaces, the lower side of the blade is triangular, and the lower end of the blade is a sharp corner;

the lower end of a Z-shaped plate in the first actuating mechanism is fixedly arranged on an inner rod which is telescopic in a third hydraulic rod, and the upper end of the Z-shaped plate is positioned on the upper side of the drive plate; a space is reserved between the upper end of the Z-shaped plate and the driving plate, and the upper end of the Z-shaped plate and the driving plate are mutually extruded and press-fitted;

one end of a telescopic rod in the first actuating mechanism is arranged at one end of the driving plate far away from the arc-shaped block in a hinged mode, and the other end of the telescopic rod in the first actuating mechanism is arranged at one end of the sliding plate close to the arc-shaped block in a hinged mode; the telescopic rod consists of a telescopic outer sleeve and a telescopic inner rod, a first fixing ring is fixedly arranged on the outer circular surface of the telescopic outer sleeve, and a second fixing ring is fixedly arranged on the outer circular surface of the telescopic inner rod; the first spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, one end of the first spring is arranged on the first fixing ring, and the other end of the first spring is arranged on the second fixing ring;

for the state when the first actuator is not performing work: when the third hydraulic rod does not extend, and the blade is in a non-working state, one end, far away from the fixed block, of the arc-shaped strip penetrates out of the arc-shaped block through the second arc-shaped through groove, one end, far away from the fixed block, of the arc-shaped strip penetrates through the third arc-shaped through groove of the inserting plate, one end, far away from the third spring, of the inserting plate is located in the inserting groove of the arc-shaped sliding plate, the third spring is stretched, the second spring is in a natural state, and the first spring is.

2. The garden tree transplanting device according to claim 1, wherein: the plug of the first arc-shaped plate is inserted between the two support lugs of the second arc-shaped plate, and after the plug and the two support lugs are limited through the pins, the first arc-shaped plate and the second arc-shaped plate form a complete circle, and at the moment, the first actuating mechanism, the second actuating mechanism, the third actuating mechanism and the fourth actuating mechanism are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.

3. The garden tree transplanting device according to claim 1, wherein: the circle center of the radian of the arc strip is concentric with the circle center of the radian of the arc guide plate; the circle center of the radian of the second arc-shaped through groove and the circle center of the radian of the third arc-shaped through groove are concentric with the circle center of the radian of the arc-shaped strip.

4. The garden tree transplanting device according to claim 1, wherein: the first L-shaped plate is located between the second actuating mechanism and the third actuating mechanism.

5. The garden tree transplanting device according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the third springs is two, and the third springs are symmetrically distributed on the corresponding side faces of the inserting plate.

6. The garden tree transplanting device according to claim 1, wherein: and one end of the inserting plate, which is far away from the third spring, is provided with a sharp corner.

7. The garden tree transplanting device according to claim 1, wherein: the end of the arc strip, which is far away from the fixed block, is a fillet.

8. A transplanting vehicle cooperating with an ornamental tree transplanting device according to claim 1, comprising a truck having a hydraulic system and a control system, wherein: the hydraulic device comprises a first hydraulic rod, a hinge block, a guide rail and a second hydraulic rod, wherein the guide rail is mounted on a frame of a truck in a hinged mode through the hinge block; one end of the first hydraulic rod is mounted on a frame of the truck in a hinged mode, and the other end of the first hydraulic rod is mounted on the guide rail in a hinged mode; the point of the hinged block connected with the guide rail is close to the lower side of the guide rail, and the point of the first hydraulic rod connected with the guide rail is close to the upper side of the guide rail; the guide rail is provided with a track, and two guide grooves are symmetrically formed in two sides of the track; one end of the second hydraulic rod is fixedly arranged at the top end of the guide rail, and the second hydraulic rod is positioned in the track of the guide rail;

the control system of the truck controls the hydraulic system; the first hydraulic rod is connected with a hydraulic system through one path of hydraulic pipe; the second hydraulic rod is connected with the hydraulic system through one path of hydraulic pipe.

9. The transplanting vehicle of claim 8, wherein: the sliding block is arranged in a track of the guide rail in a sliding fit manner, and the two guide blocks are respectively arranged in the two guide grooves in a sliding fit manner; the telescopic inner rod in the second hydraulic rod is fixedly connected with the sliding block.

10. The transplanting vehicle of claim 8, wherein: the hydraulic system is output through one path of hydraulic pipes and is divided into four paths of hydraulic pipes through the flow dividing valve, and the four hydraulic pipes are respectively connected with a third hydraulic rod in the first executing mechanism, a third hydraulic rod in the second executing mechanism, a third hydraulic rod in the third executing mechanism and a third hydraulic rod in the fourth executing mechanism.

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