CN109281177A - 一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂 - Google Patents

一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂 Download PDF

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CN109281177A
CN109281177A CN201811014805.6A CN201811014805A CN109281177A CN 109281177 A CN109281177 A CN 109281177A CN 201811014805 A CN201811014805 A CN 201811014805A CN 109281177 A CN109281177 A CN 109281177A
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黄勇
马俊杰
宋宇星
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂,属于纺织助剂技术领域。本发明研制的涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂包括10~20份磺化聚苯胺、15~30份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、10~15份卡波姆、3~5份可溶性锌盐、2~4份非离子表面活性剂、2~5份增稠剂、1~3份消泡剂、10~20份氨水和100~150份水;其中磺化聚苯胺是由聚苯胺和1,2‑二氯乙烷的分散液与氯磺酸恒温搅拌反应后,减压浓缩并干燥得到。本发明技术方案制备的涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂具有优异的抗静电效果和易去污性能的特点,在纺织助剂技术行业的发展中具有广阔的前景。

Description

一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂
技术领域
本发明公开了一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂,属于纺织助剂技术领域。
背景技术
纺织工业原料以天然纤维(棉、麻、毛、丝等)为主,在纺织生产过程中,只要车间保持一定的温湿度(如棉纺车间相对湿度为65%),静电危害对生产的影响并不十分突出。但是,合成纤维的产量迅速剧增,纺织静电问题就日益尖锐起来。秋冬季节或空气相对湿度较低的地区,存在的静电问题就特别突出。目前抗静电的方法可分为物理方法和化学方法。物理方法有:
(1)提高空气相对湿度以提高纤维的泄漏静电能力(仅对亲水性纤维有效);
(2)选用起电极性相反的不同纤维编织成织物。例如用聚酰胺(带正电)与聚丙烯(带负电)纤维交织成的地毯,可大大降低静电起电能力;
(3)在纤维表面用真空发喷镀一层金属薄膜,制成金属化纤维;(
4)用不锈钢的短金属纤维或纤维束与化学纤维混纺成复合导电纤维,其中的不锈钢含量仅占0.01~1%,即可得到抗静电性能良好的复合导电纤维;
(5)在纤维表面嵌入碳粒以制成碳化纤维。碳化纤维的缺点是外观呈黑色,缺乏一般衣料的应用性。化学方法有
(1)在化纤聚合物的纺丝溶液中加入化学药剂或抗静电剂制成抗静电纤维;
(2)用化学方法制取金属化纤维;
(3)使纤维与某些物质起化学反应;
(4)用表面活性剂对纤维进行处理。
涤纶织物是常用的服装面料之一,但因其吸湿性差,易起球,易产生静电,给加工和应用带来很多麻烦,影响了它们的服用性能,降低了织物品质。为此,对合纤织物的抗静电性能进行了大量的研究。目前,相关研究主要集中在3个方面:一是在纤维表面涂覆表面活性剂类抗静电整理剂,此法是目前生产中常用的主要方法;二是在形成纤维的基体聚合物中加入表面活性剂类抗静电剂或高分子永久型抗静电整理剂,再熔融纺丝,得到抗静电纤维;三是利用炭黑、金属或金属氧化物与基体聚合物形成抗静电纤维。
而传统的涤纶织物专用整理剂还存在抗静电效果和易去污性能无法进一步提升的问题,因此,如何使涤纶织物专用整理剂使发挥更好的性能成为了本技术领域亟待解决的技术问题之一。
发明内容
本发明主要解决的技术问题是:针对传统涤纶织物专用整理剂抗静电效果和易去污性能无法进一步的问题,提供了一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂,是由以下重量份数的原料组成:
磺化聚苯胺 10~20份
聚苯乙烯磺酸钠 15~30份
卡波姆 10~15份
可溶性锌盐 3~5份
非离子表面活性剂 2~4份
增稠剂 2~5份
消泡剂 1~3份
氨水 10~20份
水 100~150份
所述磺化聚苯胺合成过程为:将聚苯胺和1,2-二氯乙烷按质量比为1:6~1:10混合后超声分散,得分散液,再向分散液中滴加分散液质量3~5%的氯磺酸,恒温搅拌反应后,减压浓缩,干燥,得磺化聚苯胺。
所述卡波姆为卡波姆910 NF、卡波姆941 NF或卡波姆971P NF中的任意一种。
所述可溶性锌盐为硫酸锌、氯化锌或硝酸锌中的任意一种。
所述非离子表面活性剂为辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚或脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯中的任意一种。
所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇、卡拉胶、黄原胶、羟丙基甲基纤维素或羟乙基纤维素中的任意一种。
所述消泡剂为脂肪醇类消泡剂或有机硅类消泡剂中任意一种。
所述氨水为质量分数为10~15%的氨水。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明基于涤纶织物作为整理对象,涤纶是以精对苯二甲酸(PTA)或对苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMT)和乙二醇(MEG)为原料经酯化或酯交换和缩聚反应而制得的成纤高聚物—聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯,因此其分子结构中带有苯环结构,本发明技术方案添加同样带有苯环结构的磺化聚苯胺和聚苯乙烯磺酸钠,三者可通过苯环相互之间的π-π相互作用,从而使磺化聚苯胺和聚苯乙烯磺酸钠在整理过程中有效吸附到涤纶织物表面,两者的有效吸附,可磺化聚苯胺和聚苯乙烯磺酸钠分子结构中的疏水部分和涤纶织物有效结合,而亲水部分(磺酸基团)指向外侧,可增加涤纶织物表面的亲水性能,从而有利于水分进入油污和涤纶纤维之间,使大块油污面转变成大小不一的油珠,另外,还可增加涤纶织物表面带上更多的负电荷,使涤纶织物相互之间排斥力增大,有利于洗涤过程中水分进入涤纶织物内部,且有利于油珠从织物中脱离,提高去污效果,再者,磺化聚苯胺具有良好的导电性能,其有效引入后还可使涤纶织物的抗静电性能得以提升;
(2)本发明技术方案通过添加卡波姆,并辅以可溶性锌盐,在水性体系中,可溶性锌盐电离出锌离子,并与卡波姆发生离子交联,从而在涤纶织物表面形成交联网络结构,将表面吸附的磺化聚苯胺以及聚苯乙烯磺酸钠有效固定在涤纶织物表面,避免织物在整理及后续使用过程中有效成分发生流失;其次,通过辅以氨水,在产品存放过程中,氨水的存在,可与体系中锌离子很容易发生配位,生成锌氨配合物,避免在存放过程中锌离子过早和卡波姆发生离子交联,在整理过程中,在温度作用下,氨气挥发,导致锌离子转变为游离态,从而可有效发挥交联剂的作用。
具体实施方式
将聚苯胺和1,2-二氯乙烷按质量比为1:6~1:10加入烧杯中,用玻璃棒搅拌混合5~10min后,将烧杯转入超声分散仪中,于温度为45~55℃,超声频率为55~65kHz条件下,恒温超声分散1~2h后,冷却至室温,得分散液;再将所得分散液转入三口烧瓶中,于温度为10~20℃,转速为400~600r/min条件下,边恒温搅拌边以3~5mL/min速率向三口烧瓶中滴加分散液质量3~5%的氯磺酸,待氯磺酸滴加完毕后,继续恒温搅拌反应2~5h,待反应结束,将三口烧瓶中物料转入旋转蒸发仪,于温度为75~85℃,压力为400~450mmHg,转速为80~120r/min条件下,减压浓缩1~2h,得浓缩物,再将所得浓缩物于温度为75~80℃,压力为0.093MPa条件下,真空干燥至恒重,出料,得磺化聚苯胺;按重量份数计,依次取10~20份磺化聚苯胺、15~30份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、10~15份卡波姆、3~5份可溶性锌盐、2~4份非离子表面活性剂、2~5份增稠剂、1~3份消泡剂、10~20份氨水和100~150份水,加入混料机中,于转速为600~800r/min条件下搅拌混合4~6h后,停止搅拌,静置脱泡,出料,灌装,即得涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂。所述卡波姆为卡波姆910 NF、卡波姆941 NF或卡波姆971P NF中的任意一种。所述可溶性锌盐为硫酸锌、氯化锌或硝酸锌中的任意一种。所述非离子表面活性剂为辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚或脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯中的任意一种。所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇、卡拉胶、黄原胶、羟丙基甲基纤维素或羟乙基纤维素中的任意一种。所述消泡剂为脂肪醇类消泡剂或有机硅类消泡剂中任意一种。所述氨水为质量分数为10~15%的氨水。
将聚苯胺和1,2-二氯乙烷按质量比为1:10加入烧杯中,用玻璃棒搅拌混合10min后,将烧杯转入超声分散仪中,于温度为55℃,超声频率为65kHz条件下,恒温超声分散2h后,冷却至室温,得分散液;再将所得分散液转入三口烧瓶中,于温度为20℃,转速为600r/min条件下,边恒温搅拌边以5mL/min速率向三口烧瓶中滴加分散液质量5%的氯磺酸,待氯磺酸滴加完毕后,继续恒温搅拌反应5h,待反应结束,将三口烧瓶中物料转入旋转蒸发仪,于温度为85℃,压力为450mmHg,转速为120r/min条件下,减压浓缩2h,得浓缩物,再将所得浓缩物于温度为80℃,压力为0.093MPa条件下,真空干燥至恒重,出料,得磺化聚苯胺;按重量份数计,依次取20份磺化聚苯胺、30份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、15份卡波姆、5份可溶性锌盐、4份非离子表面活性剂、5份增稠剂、3份消泡剂、20份氨水和150份水,加入混料机中,于转速为800r/min条件下搅拌混合6h后,停止搅拌,静置脱泡,出料,灌装,即得涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂。所述卡波姆为卡波姆910 NF。所述可溶性锌盐为硫酸锌。所述非离子表面活性剂为辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚。所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇。所述消泡剂为脂肪醇类消泡剂。所述氨水为质量分数为15%的氨水。
按重量份数计,依次取30份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、15份卡波姆、5份可溶性锌盐、4份非离子表面活性剂、5份增稠剂、3份消泡剂、20份氨水和150份水,加入混料机中,于转速为800r/min条件下搅拌混合6h后,停止搅拌,静置脱泡,出料,灌装,即得涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂。所述卡波姆为卡波姆910 NF。所述可溶性锌盐为硫酸锌。所述非离子表面活性剂为辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚。所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇。所述消泡剂为脂肪醇类消泡剂。所述氨水为质量分数为15%的氨水。
按重量份数计,依次取20份聚苯胺、30份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、15份卡波姆、5份可溶性锌盐、4份非离子表面活性剂、5份增稠剂、3份消泡剂、20份氨水和150份水,加入混料机中,于转速为800r/min条件下搅拌混合6h后,停止搅拌,静置脱泡,出料,灌装,即得涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂。所述卡波姆为卡波姆910 NF。所述可溶性锌盐为硫酸锌。所述非离子表面活性剂为辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚。所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇。所述消泡剂为脂肪醇类消泡剂。所述氨水为质量分数为15%的氨水。
将聚苯胺和1,2-二氯乙烷按质量比为1:10加入烧杯中,用玻璃棒搅拌混合10min后,将烧杯转入超声分散仪中,于温度为55℃,超声频率为65kHz条件下,恒温超声分散2h后,冷却至室温,得分散液;再将所得分散液转入三口烧瓶中,于温度为20℃,转速为600r/min条件下,边恒温搅拌边以5mL/min速率向三口烧瓶中滴加分散液质量5%的氯磺酸,待氯磺酸滴加完毕后,继续恒温搅拌反应5h,待反应结束,将三口烧瓶中物料转入旋转蒸发仪,于温度为85℃,压力为450mmHg,转速为120r/min条件下,减压浓缩2h,得浓缩物,再将所得浓缩物于温度为80℃,压力为0.093MPa条件下,真空干燥至恒重,出料,得磺化聚苯胺;按重量份数计,依次取20份磺化聚苯胺、15份卡波姆、5份可溶性锌盐、4份非离子表面活性剂、5份增稠剂、3份消泡剂、20份氨水和150份水,加入混料机中,于转速为800r/min条件下搅拌混合6h后,停止搅拌,静置脱泡,出料,灌装,即得涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂。所述卡波姆为卡波姆910 NF。所述可溶性锌盐为硫酸锌。所述非离子表面活性剂为辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚。所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇。所述消泡剂为脂肪醇类消泡剂。所述氨水为质量分数为15%的氨水。
将聚苯胺和1,2-二氯乙烷按质量比为1:10加入烧杯中,用玻璃棒搅拌混合10min后,将烧杯转入超声分散仪中,于温度为55℃,超声频率为65kHz条件下,恒温超声分散2h后,冷却至室温,得分散液;再将所得分散液转入三口烧瓶中,于温度为20℃,转速为600r/min条件下,边恒温搅拌边以5mL/min速率向三口烧瓶中滴加分散液质量5%的氯磺酸,待氯磺酸滴加完毕后,继续恒温搅拌反应5h,待反应结束,将三口烧瓶中物料转入旋转蒸发仪,于温度为85℃,压力为450mmHg,转速为120r/min条件下,减压浓缩2h,得浓缩物,再将所得浓缩物于温度为80℃,压力为0.093MPa条件下,真空干燥至恒重,出料,得磺化聚苯胺;按重量份数计,依次取20份磺化聚苯胺、30份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、15份卡波姆、4份非离子表面活性剂、5份增稠剂、3份消泡剂、20份氨水和150份水,加入混料机中,于转速为800r/min条件下搅拌混合6h后,停止搅拌,静置脱泡,出料,灌装,即得涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂。所述卡波姆为卡波姆910 NF。所述非离子表面活性剂为辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚。所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇。所述消泡剂为脂肪醇类消泡剂。所述氨水为质量分数为15%的氨水。
将聚苯胺和1,2-二氯乙烷按质量比为1:10加入烧杯中,用玻璃棒搅拌混合10min后,将烧杯转入超声分散仪中,于温度为55℃,超声频率为65kHz条件下,恒温超声分散2h后,冷却至室温,得分散液;再将所得分散液转入三口烧瓶中,于温度为20℃,转速为600r/min条件下,边恒温搅拌边以5mL/min速率向三口烧瓶中滴加分散液质量5%的氯磺酸,待氯磺酸滴加完毕后,继续恒温搅拌反应5h,待反应结束,将三口烧瓶中物料转入旋转蒸发仪,于温度为85℃,压力为450mmHg,转速为120r/min条件下,减压浓缩2h,得浓缩物,再将所得浓缩物于温度为80℃,压力为0.093MPa条件下,真空干燥至恒重,出料,得磺化聚苯胺;按重量份数计,依次取20份磺化聚苯胺、30份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、15份卡波姆、5份可溶性锌盐、4份非离子表面活性剂、5份增稠剂、3份消泡剂和150份水,加入混料机中,于转速为800r/min条件下搅拌混合6h后,停止搅拌,静置脱泡,出料,灌装,即得涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂。所述卡波姆为卡波姆910 NF。所述可溶性锌盐为硫酸锌。所述非离子表面活性剂为辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚。所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇。所述消泡剂为脂肪醇类消泡剂。
将聚苯胺和1,2-二氯乙烷按质量比为1:10加入烧杯中,用玻璃棒搅拌混合10min后,将烧杯转入超声分散仪中,于温度为55℃,超声频率为65kHz条件下,恒温超声分散2h后,冷却至室温,得分散液;再将所得分散液转入三口烧瓶中,于温度为20℃,转速为600r/min条件下,边恒温搅拌边以5mL/min速率向三口烧瓶中滴加分散液质量5%的氯磺酸,待氯磺酸滴加完毕后,继续恒温搅拌反应5h,待反应结束,将三口烧瓶中物料转入旋转蒸发仪,于温度为85℃,压力为450mmHg,转速为120r/min条件下,减压浓缩2h,得浓缩物,再将所得浓缩物于温度为80℃,压力为0.093MPa条件下,真空干燥至恒重,出料,得磺化聚苯胺;按重量份数计,依次取20份磺化聚苯胺、30份聚苯乙烯磺酸钠、5份可溶性锌盐、4份非离子表面活性剂、5份增稠剂、3份消泡剂、20份氨水和150份水,加入混料机中,于转速为800r/min条件下搅拌混合6h后,停止搅拌,静置脱泡,出料,灌装,即得涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂。所述可溶性锌盐为硫酸锌。所述非离子表面活性剂为辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚。所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇。所述消泡剂为脂肪醇类消泡剂。所述氨水为质量分数为15%的氨水。
对比例:上海某科技有限公司生产的涤纶织物专用整理剂。
将实例1至实例7所得的涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂及对比例产品进行性能检测,具体检测方法如下:
测试前对所有试样洗涤处理,以消除纺纱油剂、浆料等对测试结果的影响。试样在温度16℃、相对湿度55%条件下调湿1天后,在LFY-402型织物摩擦式静电测试仪上测试,用摩擦静电压来表征织物的抗静电性能。试样大小:6cm×8cm,每次4块试样。
厨房用过的花生油和黄油1∶1混合搅拌均匀,滴在涤纶布块上,形成直径约为1cm的油污圈。用试件以水洗程序按AATCC135《织物家庭洗涤尺寸变化》,烘干。目测油渍残留量。
具体检测结果如表1所示:
表1涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂具体检测结果
检测项目 摩擦静电压/V 油渍残留量
实例1 302 无残留
实例2 524 无残留
实例3 769 残留
实例4 946 残留
实例5 1547 残留
对比例 2341 残留
由表1检测结果可知,本发明技术方案制备的涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂具有优异的抗静电效果和易去污性能的特点,在纺织助剂技术行业的发展中具有广阔的前景。

Claims (7)

1.一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂,其特征在于是由以下重量份数的原料组成:
磺化聚苯胺 10~20份
聚苯乙烯磺酸钠 15~30份
卡波姆 10~15份
可溶性锌盐 3~5份
非离子表面活性剂 2~4份
增稠剂 2~5份
消泡剂 1~3份
氨水 10~20份
水 100~150份
根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂,其特征在于,所述磺化聚苯胺合成过程为:将聚苯胺和1,2-二氯乙烷按质量比为1:6~1:10混合后超声分散,得分散液,再向分散液中滴加分散液质量3~5%的氯磺酸,恒温搅拌反应后,减压浓缩,干燥,得磺化聚苯胺。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂,其特征在于,所述卡波姆为卡波姆910 NF、卡波姆941 NF或卡波姆971P NF中的任意一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂,其特征在于,所述可溶性锌盐为硫酸锌、氯化锌或硝酸锌中的任意一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂,其特征在于,所述非离子表面活性剂为辛基酚聚氧乙烯醚、壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚或脂肪酸聚氧乙烯酯中的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂,其特征在于,所述增稠剂为聚乙烯醇、卡拉胶、黄原胶、羟丙基甲基纤维素或羟乙基纤维素中的任意一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂,其特征在于,所述消泡剂为脂肪醇类消泡剂或有机硅类消泡剂中任意一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种涤纶织物专用易去污抗静电整理剂,其特征在于,所述氨水为质量分数为10~15%的氨水。
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CN110331505A (zh) * 2019-07-02 2019-10-15 福建凤竹纺织科技股份有限公司 一种易去污吸湿速干针织面料的制备工艺

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