CN109278418B - Application of capsaicin in promoting follicular maturation of laying fowl and increasing laying rate of laying fowl - Google Patents
Application of capsaicin in promoting follicular maturation of laying fowl and increasing laying rate of laying fowl Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses application of capsaicin in promoting follicular maturation of laying fowls and improving laying rate of the laying fowls. The invention also provides a feed, wherein each kilogram of the feed comprises the following components: 490-523 g of corn, 224-261 g of soybean meal, 101-111 g of wheat bran, 0-48 g of corn protein powder, 87-97 g of stone powder, 13-16.1 g of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.9-1.5 g of DL-methionine, 3.0g of salt, 9.925-9.85 g of vitamin complex-trace element premix and 0.075-0.15 g of capsaicin. The feed is simple and easy to obtain, has comprehensive and balanced nutrition, and can furthest exert the high-yield genetic potential of laying fowls by adding the capsaicin under the condition of meeting the nutritional requirements of the laying fowls in the egg laying period. After the feed is fed to laying poultry in the egg laying period, the maturity of ovarian follicles of the laying poultry can be effectively promoted, the laying rate of the laying poultry is improved, the egg laying peak period of the laying poultry is prolonged, and the economic benefit of the breeding of the laying poultry is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of feed, and particularly relates to application of capsaicin in promoting follicular maturation of laying fowls and improving laying rate of the laying fowls.
Background
In intensive production, laying fowls (such as laying ducks) are easily affected by environmental factors, the egg laying performance is reduced, and the duration of the egg laying peak period of the laying fowls is short. In production, the practical service life of the laying ducks is short, and most of the laying ducks are 12-18 months. The egg laying performance of laying ducks in the egg laying period is gradually reduced along with the decline of the ovarian function, which is a main reason for the elimination of the laying ducks. The number of mature follicles in the ovaries of laying birds is the key to determining their egg production rate. Researches show that in addition to providing sufficient and balanced nutrition, the laying performance of laying ducks in the laying period can be remarkably improved by additionally adding some functional additives into the diet. Therefore, the additive for promoting the follicular maturation of the laying fowl is developed and reasonably used in the feed for the efficient production of the laying fowl, and has important application value for maintaining the high yield performance of the laying fowl in the egg producing period.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention mainly aims to provide the application of capsaicin in promoting the follicular maturation of laying fowls and improving the laying rate of the laying fowls.
The invention also aims to provide the feed for promoting the follicular maturation of the laying fowls and improving the laying rate of the laying fowls. The feed can furthest exert the high-laying genetic potential of laying fowls (such as laying ducks), effectively improve the egg laying performance of the laying fowls (such as the laying ducks) and prolong the egg laying peak time of the laying fowls (such as the laying ducks) under the condition of meeting the nutritional requirements of the laying fowls (such as the laying ducks) in the egg laying period.
The invention further aims to provide application of the feed for promoting follicular maturation of laying fowls and improving laying rate of the laying fowls.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides an application of capsaicin in promoting follicular maturation of laying fowls and increasing laying rate of the laying fowls.
In particular to the application of capsaicin in preparing products for promoting the follicular maturation of laying fowls and improving the laying rate of the laying fowls.
Preferably, the laying fowl is laying duck, laying hen or laying quail.
Preferably, the dosage of the capsaicin in each kilogram of products is 75-150 mg; more preferably 150 mg.
The invention also provides a feed for promoting the follicular maturation of laying fowls and improving the laying rate of the laying fowls, wherein each kilogram of the feed comprises the following components: 490-523 g of corn, 224-261 g of soybean meal, 101-111 g of wheat bran, 0-48 g of corn protein powder, 87-97 g of stone powder, 13-16.1 g of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.9-1.5 g of DL-methionine, 3.0g of salt, 9.925-9.85 g of composite vitamin-trace element premix and 0.075-0.15 g of follicle maturation-promoting regulator.
Preferably, each kilogram of the feed contains 490g of corn, 224g of soybean meal, 111g of wheat bran, 48g of corn protein powder, 97g of mountain flour, 16.1g of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.9g of DL-methionine, 3.0g of salt, 9.85g of vitamin complex-trace element premix and 0.15g of follicle maturation-promoting regulator.
The follicle-maturation promoting regulator is capsaicin, and the main components of the follicle-maturation promoting regulator are capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, nordihydrocapsaicin, homocapsaicin and homodihydrocapsaicin. The capsaicin has the functions of promoting food intake and follicle maturation, reducing fat aggregation in vivo and the like, and is purchased from Ridaer Biotech, Guangzhou, Ltd.
Every 985 or 1000 g of the compound vitamin-trace element premix comprises the following components: 50g of duck multivitamin, 150g of duck multimineral, 150g of baking soda, 134g of choline chloride, 10g of bacitracin zinc, 15g of gramox, 100g of baiweiming and 376g or 391g of wheat-middling flour.
The nutritional levels of metabolic energy, crude protein, calcium, available phosphorus and the like provided by the feed formula can meet the nutritional requirements of laying ducks in the egg producing period. The follicle maturation-promoting regulator (capsaicin) used in the formula can effectively improve the laying rate of laying fowls (such as laying ducks).
The feed for promoting the follicular maturation of laying fowls and increasing the laying rate of the laying fowls is applied to improving the laying performance of the laying fowls and prolonging the egg laying peak period of the laying fowls.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) the feed formula of the invention is determined according to the nutritional requirements of laying fowls in the laying period and the addition of a regulator (capsaicin) for promoting follicular maturation. After the feed is fed to laying poultry in the egg laying period, the maturity of ovarian follicles of the laying poultry can be effectively promoted, the laying rate of the laying poultry is improved, the egg laying peak period of the laying poultry is prolonged, and the economic benefit of the breeding of the laying poultry is increased.
(2) The feed is simple and easy to obtain, has comprehensive and balanced nutrition, and can furthest exert the high-laying genetic potential of the laying fowl by adding the follicle-stimulating maturation regulator under the condition of meeting the nutritional requirement of the laying fowl in the egg laying period. Wherein, the laying rate of the laying ducks can be improved by 7 percent, the laying performance of the laying ducks is effectively improved, and the egg laying peak period of the laying ducks is prolonged.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
The Kexiong, Baiweiming and wheat flour used in the examples are all commercially available.
Example 1
Test groups: each kilogram of feed contains 490g of corn, 224g of soybean meal, 111g of wheat bran, 48g of corn protein powder, 97g of stone powder, 16.1g of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.9g of DL-methionine, 3.0g of salt, 9.85g of composite vitamin-trace element premix and 0.15g of follicle maturation-promoting regulator (capsaicin). The feed prepared according to the components contains 10.45MJ/kg of metabolizable energy, 19.0% of crude protein, 4.0% of calcium, 0.40% of available phosphorus, 0.90% of lysine and 0.40% of methionine.
Control group: each kilogram of feed contains 490g of corn, 224g of soybean meal, 111g of wheat bran, 48g of corn protein powder, 97g of stone powder, 16.1g of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.9g of DL-methionine, 3.0g of salt and 10g of vitamin complex-trace element premix. The feed prepared according to the components contains 10.45MJ/kg of metabolizable energy, 19.0% of crude protein, 4.0% of calcium, 0.40% of available phosphorus, 0.90% of lysine and 0.40% of methionine.
Every 985 or 1000 g of the compound vitamin-trace element premix comprises the following components: 50g of multivitamin for ducks (provided by Guangdong New Nandu feed science and technology Limited, trade name: Duck multivitamin for south China), 150g of multimineral for ducks (provided by Guangdong New Nandu feed science and technology Limited, trade name: Duck mine for south China), 150g of baking soda, 134g of choline chloride, 10g of bacitracin zinc, 15g of oxylon, 100g of baiweiming and 376 or 391g of wheat flour.
The preparation process comprises the following steps: firstly, small materials with small dosage, such as DL-methionine, calcium hydrophosphate, salt, compound vitamin-trace element premix, follicle-stimulating maturation regulator (capsaicin), and the like are stirred in a micro-stirrer for 30 minutes at the rotating speed of 65 times/minute.
Then the corn, the bean pulp, the wheat bran, the corn protein powder, the stone powder and the mixed small materials are put into a big mixer to be mixed uniformly for 30 minutes.
And finally, adding the uniformly mixed feed into a granulator for granulation, wherein the granulation temperature is 62-65 ℃, and the particle diameter is 3.0 mm.
Test materials and methods: 252 feathers of a healthy, normally-eaten and approximately-weight 58-week-old Longyan Gamak duck (purchased from a Mak duck stock farm in Longyan city of Fujian province) are randomly and evenly distributed to a control group and a test group, 6 repetitions are arranged in each group, and 21 feathers are repeated every time. Wherein the control group laying duck is fed with corn-soybean meal type feed without addition of follicle-stimulating regulator (capsaicin), and the test group laying duck is fed with test material with addition of 150mg/kg follicle-stimulating regulator (capsaicin). The experimental laying duck is fed at regular time, and is fed and drunk freely, and simultaneously the environmental sanitation of the duck shed is kept, and the duck shed is illuminated for 16 hours every day (the intensity is not less than 15 lux/m)2) Accurately recording the feeding amount, the residual feeding amount and the egg laying condition by taking repetition as a unit, counting the average daily feed intake, the egg laying rate, the average egg weight, the daily egg laying weight and the feed-egg ratio during the test period, collecting the ovarian tissues of the test laying ducks to extract RNA and reverse transcription when the test ducks are finished, carrying out fluorescent quantitative PCR analysis (taking β -actin as an internal reference) on the target genes, and determining the mRNA expression quantity.
Daily food intake: average weight of feed taken by each repeated duck every day during the test period. Daily feed intake (feed amount-residual feed amount)/number of ducks.
Laying rate: the percentage of total egg production per repetition to the number of laying ducks in the test period. Laying rate is the number of eggs/number of ducks.
Average egg weight: average weight of eggs laid by each duplicate laying duck during the test period. Average egg weight is total egg weight/number of duck eggs.
Weight of daily egg laying: average weight of eggs laid per day per duck was repeated over the test period. Daily egg laying weight is total egg weight per duck per day.
Material-egg ratio: ratio of feed intake to total egg weight per replicate over the test period. Feed intake/total egg weight.
Number of dominant follicles: the diameter is more than 8mm, and the number of mature follicles filled with yolk is large.
Number of small yellow follicles: the diameter is 3-8 mm, and the number of follicles filled with yolk is large.
Number of atretic small yellow follicles: the diameter is 3-8 mm, the follicle wall structure is uneven, the color is dark, the number of follicles is less, and the inner layer has serious flocculence.
Relative weight of ovary: ratio of ovarian weight to live weight. Relative ovarian weight-ovarian weight/live weight.
Dominant follicle relative weight: dominant follicle weight to ovarian weight ratio. Dominant follicle relative weight-dominant follicle weight/ovarian weight.
Relative weight of small yellow follicles: the ratio of the weight of the small yellow follicle to the weight of the ovary. Relative weight of small yellow follicles ═ weight of small yellow follicles/weight of ovaries.
Target gene mRNA expression level: expression abundance of the target gene relative to the reference gene. The expression level of the target gene mRNA is 2-ΔΔCt(Δ Ct ═ target gene Ct — reference gene Ct).
The test results are shown in tables 1, 2 and 3 below:
TABLE 1 influence of feeding test material on egg laying performance of laying ducks
| Index (I) | Control group | Test group | P value |
| Laying rate (%) | 77.3±1.68 | 82.7±0.92* | 0.018 |
| Average egg weight (g) | 68.0±0.32 | 68.7±0.38 | 0.197 |
| Daily egg weight (g) | 52.8±1.03 | 56.8±1.53 | 0.052 |
| Average feed intake (g/one. day) | 154±0.42 | 166±0.26* | <0.01 |
| Material to egg ratio | 2.91±0.05 | 2.82±0.08 | 0.364 |
TABLE 2 influence of feeding test material on ovarian index of laying duck
| Index (I) | Control group | Test group | P value |
| Number of dominant follicles | 3.50±0.34 | 5.00±0.29* | 0.007 |
| Number of small yellow follicles | 21.5±1.25 | 17.9±1.60 | 0.106 |
| Number of small yellow follicles in atresia | 2.67±0.85 | 1.30±0.21 | 0.174 |
| Relative ovarian weight (g/kg body weight) | 24.5±4.82 | 33.4±2.44 | 0.132 |
| Relative weight of dominant follicle (%) | 75.8±4.38 | 88.3±0.38* | 0.035 |
| Relative weight of Small yellow follicle (%) | 5.67±0.58* | 3.67±0.45 | 0.021 |
TABLE 3 influence of feeding test material on mRNA expression of ovary maturation promoting factor of laying duck
| Index (I) | Control group | Test group | P value |
| CDK1 | 0.99±0.09 | 1.37±0.10* | 0.011 |
| CCNB2 | 1.11±0.10 | 1.30±0.10 | 0.194 |
Wherein CDK1 refers to cyclin dependent kinase 1(GenBank Number: XM-013095817.1); CCNB2 refers to cyclin 2(GenBank Number: XM-005025431.2).
The result shows that after the laying duck is fed with the feed for the experimental group of laying ducks, the laying rate of the laying ducks is higher than 80% and is obviously higher than that of a control group (P is less than 0.05), and the laying rate is improved by 7.0%. The average daily feed intake of the laying ducks in the test group is obviously higher than that of the control group (P is less than 0.01), and the feed-egg ratio is not obviously different from that of the control group. The expression level of the mRNA of the egg-laying duck ovary maturation factor cyclin-dependent kinase 1(CDK1) fed by the egg-laying duck feed is obviously higher than that of a control group.
In conclusion, compared with a control group, the laying duck feed has the advantages that follicular maturation of the laying ducks is remarkably promoted, the laying rate of the laying ducks is remarkably improved, and the egg laying peak period of the laying ducks is effectively prolonged.
Example 2
Test groups: each kilogram of feed contains 523g of corn, 261g of soybean meal, 101.5g of wheat bran, 87g of stone powder, 13g of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.5g of DL-methionine, 3.0g of salt, 9.925g of composite vitamin-trace element premix and 0.075g of follicle maturation-promoting regulator (capsaicin). The feed prepared according to the components contains 10.45MJ/kg of metabolism, 18.0% of crude protein, 3.6% of calcium, 0.35% of available phosphorus, 0.95% of lysine and 0.40% of methionine.
Control group: each kilogram of feed contains 523g of corn, 261g of soybean meal, 101.5g of wheat bran, 87g of stone powder, 13g of calcium hydrophosphate, 1.5g of DL-methionine, 3.0g of salt and 10g of composite vitamin-microelement premix. The feed prepared according to the components contains 10.45MJ/kg of metabolism, 18.0% of crude protein, 3.6% of calcium, 0.35% of available phosphorus, 0.95% of lysine and 0.40% of methionine.
The composition of the vitamin complex-trace element premix per kg is the same as that of example 1.
The procedure was as in example 1.
The test materials and methods were the same as in example 1, wherein the control group laying ducks were fed with corn-soybean meal type feeds without addition of the follicle-stimulating hormone regulator (capsaicin), and the test group laying ducks were fed with test materials with addition of 75mg/kg of the follicle-stimulating hormone regulator (capsaicin). The experimental laying duck is fed at regular time, and is fed and drunk freely, and simultaneously the environmental sanitation of the duck shed is kept, and the duck shed is illuminated for 16 hours every day (the intensity is not less than 15 lux/m)2). And accurately recording the feeding amount, the residual feed amount and the egg laying condition by taking the repetition as a unit, and counting the average daily feed intake, the egg laying rate, the average egg weight, the daily egg laying weight and the feed-egg ratio during the test.
The test results are shown in table 4, compared with the control group, the laying rate of the laying ducks fed by the test feed added with 75mg/kg follicle-stimulating regulator (capsaicin) in the basal diet is remarkably improved by 5.7% (P < 0.05).
TABLE 4 influence of feeding test material on egg laying performance of laying ducks
| Index (I) | Control group | Test group | P value |
| Laying rate (%) | 72.6±1.60 | 76.7±0.65* | 0.039 |
| Average egg weight (g) | 67.3±0.16 | 67.0±0.21 | 0.335 |
| Daily egg weight (g) | 50.4±1.51 | 51.5±0.71 | 0.518 |
| Average feed intake (g/one. day) | 152±0.67 | 153±0.21 | 0.377 |
| Material to egg ratio | 3.05±0.09 | 2.97±0.04 | 0.478 |
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The application of the capsaicin in the preparation of the products for promoting the follicular maturation of the laying fowls and improving the laying rate of the laying fowls is characterized in that:
the main components of the capsaicin are capsaicin, dihydrocapsaicin, nordihydrocapsaicin, homocapsaicin and homodihydrocapsaicin;
the dosage of the capsaicin in the products for promoting the follicular maturation of the laying fowls and improving the laying rate of the laying fowls is 75-150 mg per kilogram.
2. The use of capsaicin according to claim 1, for preparing a product for promoting follicular maturation and increasing laying rate in laying fowl, wherein:
the laying fowl is laying duck, laying hen or quail for laying.
3. A feed for promoting the maturation of ovarian follicles of laying fowls and improving the laying rate of the laying fowls is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following components per kilogram: 490-523 g of corn, 224-261 g of soybean meal, 101-111 g of wheat bran, 0-48 g of corn protein powder, 87-97 g of stone powder, 13-16.1 g of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.9-1.5 g of DL-methionine, 3.0g of salt, 9.925-9.85 g of composite vitamin-trace element premix and 0.075-0.15 g of follicle maturation promoting regulator;
the follicle-maturation promoting regulator is capsaicin;
the vitamin complex-trace element premix comprises the following components: 50g of duck multivitamin, 150g of duck multimineral, 150g of baking soda, 134g of choline chloride, 10g of bacitracin zinc, 15g of gramox, 100g of baiweiming and 376g or 391g of wheat-middling flour;
the preparation process of the feed is as follows:
(1) stirring DL-methionine, calcium hydrogen phosphate, salt, composite vitamin-microelement premix, and follicle-maturation promoting regulator in a miniature stirrer for 30 min at 65 times/min to obtain premix;
(2) uniformly mixing the corn, the soybean meal, the wheat bran, the corn protein powder, the stone powder and the premixed small materials in a big mixer for 30 minutes;
(3) granulating by a granulator at the granulating temperature of 62-65 ℃ and the diameter of the granules of 3.0 mm.
4. The feed for promoting the follicular maturation and increasing the egg production rate of laying fowls according to claim 3, wherein: the feed contains 490g of corn, 224g of soybean meal, 111g of wheat bran, 48g of corn protein powder, 97g of stone powder, 16.1g of calcium hydrophosphate, 0.9g of DL-methionine, 3.0g of salt, 9.85g of composite vitamin-trace element premix and 0.15g of regulator for promoting follicle maturation per kilogram.
5. The feed for promoting follicular maturation and increasing egg production in laying birds according to claim 3 or 4, wherein:
the laying fowl is laying duck, laying hen or quail for laying.
6. The use of the feed for promoting follicular maturation and increasing laying rate of laying fowls according to any one of claims 3 to 5 for improving laying performance and prolonging peak laying period of the laying fowls.
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| JP2003033141A (en) * | 2001-07-23 | 2003-02-04 | Tasuku:Kk | Spice/herb-containing egg |
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Application publication date: 20190129 Assignee: Guangzhou Zhuanzhong Feed Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: INSTITUTE OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, GUANGDONG ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES Contract record no.: X2022980017033 Denomination of invention: Application of Capsaicin in Promoting Follicle Maturation and Increasing Egg Production Rate of Egg laying Birds Granted publication date: 20200214 License type: Common License Record date: 20220929 |