CN109272733B - Multi-terminal multi-mode Internet of things communication terminal supporting multi-meter combined reading and meter reading method thereof - Google Patents
Multi-terminal multi-mode Internet of things communication terminal supporting multi-meter combined reading and meter reading method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-terminal multi-mode Internet of things communication terminal supporting multi-meter combined reading and a meter reading method thereof. The wireless communication unit and the data acquisition unit of the communication terminal are respectively connected to the data processing unit; the configuration interface is respectively connected to the wireless communication unit, the data processing unit and the data acquisition unit through the configuration unit; one end of the RS485 interface and/or the RS232 interface is connected to the data acquisition unit, and the other end of the RS485 interface and/or the RS232 interface is used for connecting a plurality of meters; the wireless communication unit comprises an LoRa wireless communication subunit and/or an NB-IoT wireless communication subunit and/or a WIFI wireless communication subunit and/or a GPRS communication subunit. The method has the advantages that the multi-terminal multi-mode Internet of things communication terminal is configured to realize that different types of different protocol sensors or meter data are rapidly accessed to wireless networks in different modes, research and development cost is reduced, old equipment transformation efficiency is improved, and engineering construction amount is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of communication of the Internet of things, in particular to a multi-terminal multi-mode communication terminal of the Internet of things supporting multi-meter combined reading and a meter reading method thereof.
Background
The rapid development of the communication technology of the internet of things represented by LoRa and NB-IoT technologies stimulates the requirements of sensors and meter data of various industries such as electric power, water conservancy, petroleum, chemical engineering, traffic, environmental protection, environment and the like for large-scale wireless access to the network.
At present, a large number of communication terminals with various communication modes such as LoRa, NB-IoT, eMTC and WIFI exist in the market. There are some problems and deficiencies in the application of these communication terminals.
Suppose that a certain cell needs to remotely read the water, electricity, gas and heat meters of each resident user in a wireless mode, and the relevant information of the water, electricity, gas and heat meters is as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, the communication protocols, wireless communication modes, data uploading modes of water, electricity, gas and heat meters and the number and types of data to be remotely read are different, which is a typical "multi-terminal and multi-mode" data access scenario, and none of the communication terminals in the prior art can simultaneously support the above various data communication requirements through flexible software and hardware configurations.
The communication terminal in the prior art generally has the following problems:
1) most of communication terminals can only work in a transparent transmission mode (single-end), that is, the communication terminals can only passively receive data sent by the sensor or the meter and cannot send a data reading command to the sensor or the meter. The communication terminal can be directly suitable for a sensor or a meter (such as a water meter in a meter) which can actively upload data, and cannot be directly suitable for the sensor or the meter which depends on a host computer to issue a data query command. If the system is suitable for the sensor or meter which depends on the host to issue the data query command, secondary development is required, and system integration is carried out again, so that the research and development cost is increased, the working efficiency is reduced, and the applicability is not strong.
2) Individual communication terminals support issuing commands to read data, but only one issuing command can be configured, and the method can only be applied to the situation that only one meter data needs to be read (such as a water meter, a gas meter and a heat meter in a meter), and one communication terminal can only be connected with one sensor or one meter, and cannot be applied to the situation that a plurality of meter data need to be obtained (such as an electric meter in the meter, the situation that a plurality of meter data need to be obtained is very common in fact). If a plurality of pieces of data are acquired, the data are required to be customized and developed, so that the system integration level is low, the secondary research and development cost is high, and the popularization is not facilitated.
3) The communication terminal can only operate in one communication mode (single mode) fixedly. The communication terminal can only access the network through one fixed wireless communication mode, and can not flexibly access the network through different wireless communication modes or simultaneously access the network through several different wireless communication modes through hardware configuration. When a client has different wireless network access requirements, secondary development or re-searching for a substitute of an original communication terminal is often needed, the aim of accessing the network by multiple modes cannot be quickly achieved through simple hardware configuration, the research and development cost is increased, the working efficiency is reduced, and the applicability is not strong.
If the aforementioned requirements are to be fulfilled with an existing communication terminal, a system architecture as shown in fig. 1 has to be established. As can be seen from this, it is,
1) meters with different communication protocols need to be customized to develop software and hardware or purchase different communication terminals;
2) meters with different communication modes need to be customized to develop software and hardware or purchase different communication terminals;
3) the meters connected in parallel with the multiple meters need to be customized to develop software and hardware or purchase different communication terminals.
Therefore, the same communication terminal has no universality and has larger secondary research and development work, so that the use threshold of a client is greatly improved, the working efficiency is reduced, and the serious defect exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-terminal multi-mode Internet of things communication terminal supporting multi-meter combined reading and a meter reading method thereof.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a multi-terminal multi-mode Internet of things communication terminal supporting multi-meter combined reading comprises a wireless communication unit, a data processing unit, a data acquisition unit and a configuration unit; the wireless communication unit and the data acquisition unit are respectively connected to the data processing unit; the configuration interface is respectively connected to the wireless communication unit, the data processing unit and the data acquisition unit through the configuration unit; one end of the RS485 interface and/or the RS232 interface is connected to the data acquisition unit, and the other end of the RS485 interface and/or the RS232 interface is used for connecting a plurality of meters; the wireless communication unit comprises an LoRa wireless communication subunit and/or an NB-IoT wireless communication subunit and/or a WIFI wireless communication subunit and/or a GPRS communication subunit.
A meter reading method of a multi-terminal multi-mode Internet of things communication terminal supporting multi-meter combined reading comprises the steps of establishing a data model by the communication terminal, configuring the communication terminal by an upper computer and performing multi-meter combined reading processing on the communication terminal;
the communication terminal establishes a data model, wherein the data model comprises basic parameters, radio frequency parameters and meter parameters:
basic parameters: the method comprises the steps of including the ID number of a client to which a communication terminal belongs and the ID number of the communication terminal;
radio frequency parameters: including communication types and communication parameters of the respective types;
the various types of communication parameters may include,
communication parameters of LoRa include transmission power, spreading factor, code, bandwidth, working frequency point and channel number;
communication parameters of NBIoT, including IP address and port number;
communication parameters of the GPRS, including IP addresses and port numbers;
communication parameters of WIFI, including IP addresses and port numbers;
and (3) meter parameters: the method comprises the following steps of (1) reading commands of basic information, a communication interface of a meter and the meter;
the basic information comprises the serial number of the meter, the type of the meter, the system ID of the meter, the name of the meter, the communication protocol of the meter and the MAC address of the meter;
the communication interface of the meter comprises the type of the communication interface and the parameters of different types of interfaces; the communication interface types comprise an RS232 interface type and an RS485 interface type; the parameters of the RS232 interface type comprise a baud rate, a check bit, a data bit and a stop bit; the parameters of the RS485 interface type comprise a baud rate, a check bit, a data bit and a stop bit;
the reading command of the meter comprises a command sequence number, a command descriptor, a command reading cycle, a command length and command data;
the step of configuring the communication terminal by the upper computer comprises
Step 1: the upper computer instantiates a data model of the communication terminal, and the data model comprises instantiation basic parameters, radio frequency parameters and meter parameters;
step 2: the upper computer generates a data message from the instantiated data model and writes the data message into the communication terminal through a configuration interface of the communication terminal; the data message comprises a data message for configuring radio frequency parameters and a data message for configuring meter parameters; the data message format for configuring the radio frequency parameters is as follows: a message header "AT + T", a message length byte, a radio frequency parameter data byte, and an end character "\ n"; the data message format of the configuration meter parameter is as follows: the message header "AT + C ═ length byte, meter parameter data byte and end character" \ n ";
the step of multi-meter reading processing of the communication terminal comprises
Step 1: reading an instantiated data model comprising N1 instantiated meter parameters m1,m2,m3,…,mN1And the system also comprises N2 instantiated reading commands c1,c2,c3,…,cN2；
Step 2: the data processing unit starts a timer;
and step 3: the data processing unit judges the reading command c in turn1,c2,c3,…,cN2Whether the reading period is reached or not, if not, the step is maintained; if yes, the reading command marking the reading period is cTAnd continuing;
and 4, step 4: data processing unit lookup cTThe associated instantiation meter parameter, denoted mT(ii) a Extraction of mTCommunication interface of, denoted as sT(ii) a Extraction of mTCommunication protocol of (1), denoted as xT(ii) a Extraction of cTData of the command of (1), denoted as pT；
And 5: the data acquisition unit is based on sTSelecting corresponding communication interface, configuring interface parameter, and sending p to communication interfaceT；
Step 6: the data acquisition unit waits for receiving the data returned by the communication interface, if the data is received overtime, the data acquisition unit returns to the step 3, and if the data is received, the data is recorded as qT；
And 7: the data processing unit is according to xTDetecting qTIf not, returning to the step 3; if legal, continue;
and 8: the wireless communication unit selects the corresponding type of wireless communication subunit and configures the communication parameters according to the radio frequency parameters of the instantiated data model, and then sends q to the wireless communication subunitT(ii) a And returning to the step 3.
The method has the advantages that the multi-terminal multi-mode Internet of things communication terminal is configured to realize that different types of sensors with different protocols (multiple terminals, such as DLT645 and ModBus) or meter data are rapidly accessed to wireless networks with different modes (multiple modes, such as LoRa, NBIoT and WIFI), research and development cost is reduced, old equipment transformation efficiency is improved, and engineering construction amount is reduced. The multi-terminal multi-mode Internet of things communication terminal has universality, the workload of secondary development and system integration is reduced, and the engineering efficiency can be effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a meter accessing a wireless network using different communication terminals;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a meter accessing a wireless network using a multi-terminal multi-mode Internet of things communication terminal;
FIG. 3 is a system structure diagram of a multi-terminal multi-mode Internet of things communication terminal;
fig. 4 is a hardware structure of a multi-terminal multi-mode internet of things communication terminal.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
The system structure of the multi-terminal multi-mode internet of things communication terminal is shown in fig. 3 and comprises a wireless communication unit, a data processing unit, a data acquisition unit, an execution unit and a configuration unit; the wireless communication unit, the data acquisition unit and the execution unit are respectively connected to the data processing unit; the configuration interface is respectively connected to the wireless communication unit, the data processing unit and the data acquisition unit through the configuration unit; the RS485 interface and/or the RS232 interface are/is connected to the data acquisition unit; the infrared output interface and the switching value output interface are respectively connected to the execution unit; the wireless communication unit comprises an LoRa wireless communication subunit and/or an NB-IoT wireless communication subunit and/or a WIFI wireless communication subunit and/or a GPRS communication subunit.
The hardware structure of the multi-terminal multi-mode internet of things communication terminal is shown in fig. 4, wherein
1) The system comprises the following steps: the hardware of the multi-terminal multi-mode communication terminal comprises an interface board, a power plug-in, a CPU plug-in and a communication plug-in;
2) communication plug-in: the communication plug-in can select different communication modes according to different application scenes to realize multi-mode data transmission, such as LoRa, NB-IoT, WIFI, GPRS and the like;
3) an interface board: the system comprises a power supply interface, an antenna interface, 1 data communication interface and 1 configuration interface;
4) an interface board: the power supply input of the power supply interface is alternating current 220V, the antenna interface is an SMA interface, and different antennas are selected and matched according to different plug-ins;
5) an interface board: the communication interfaces are RS485 interfaces, each interface can be connected with at most 10 terminals, and each terminal can be connected with at most 10 groups of commands;
6) a power plug-in: the device realizes the conversion of 220V to 3.3V and 5V for each plug-in board. The direct power supply of 220V is adopted, the input of an external direct current power supply is not needed, the rapid on-site deployment efficiency is greatly improved, and meanwhile, the protection circuit is added to the power supply and the external communication interface, so that the equipment is not influenced by the external power supply, the interference of the external environment is avoided, and the requirements of industrial application are met.
The meter reading process of the multi-terminal multi-mode communication terminal is as follows:
communication terminal modeling
(1) Communication terminal model
The communication terminal model is divided into three layers:
1) basic parameter model: the ID number (1 byte) of the client to which the communication terminal belongs, and the ID number (2 bytes) of the communication terminal.
2) And (3) a radio frequency parameter model.
3) And the meter parameter model is modeled according to the maximum supported meter count and is an array type.
(2) Radio frequency parameter model of communication terminal model
The radio frequency parameter model comprises: communication type (1 byte) and different types of communication models. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the communication mode is a data model of LoRa, and includes transmission power (1 byte), spreading factor (1 byte), code (1 byte), bandwidth (1 byte), working frequency point (1 byte), channel number (1 byte), and the like.
The communication mode is a data model of NBIoT, including an IP address (4 bytes) and a port number (1 byte).
The communication mode is a data model of GPRS, including an IP address (4 bytes) and a port number (1 byte).
The communication mode is a data model of WIFI, including an IP address (4 bytes) and a port number (1 byte).
(3) Meter parameter model of communication terminal model
The meter parameter model is divided into three layers:
1) basic information model: including the serial number of the meter (1 byte), the type of the meter (1 byte), the system ID of the meter (4 bytes), the name of the meter (1 byte), the communication protocol of the meter (1 byte), and the MAC address of the meter (6 bytes). The system ID of the meter consists of a client number (1 byte), an ID of a DUT (2 bytes), a modular ID (4bit) and a meter serial number (4bit), and the total length is 4 bytes.
2) The communication interface model of the meter comprises the type of the interface and models of different types of interfaces. The communication interface types comprise an RS232 interface type and an RS485 interface type; the model of the RS232 interface type comprises a baud rate, a check bit, a data bit and a stop bit; the model of the RS485 interface type includes a baud rate, a check bit, a data bit, and a stop bit.
3) The meter reading command model comprises a sequence number of a meter command, a descriptor of the command, a reading cycle of the command, a length of the command and data of the command.
(II) carrying out data configuration through upper computer configuration software, namely model instantiation
1) Configuring a client to which a communication terminal belongs
2) Configuring physical MAC of communication terminal
3) Configuring modules of communication terminal, including LoRa, NB-IoT, WIFI, GPRS, etc
4) Configuring a communication mode of the communication terminal, configuring specific communication parameters according to the specific communication mode, wherein,
LoRa works in two ways: LoRaWAN mode and non-LoRaWAN mode, the configuration content in LoRaWAN mode includes initial frequency point and channel number, the configuration content in non-LoRaWAN mode includes power, working frequency point, working bandwidth, coding mode and spread spectrum factor
Configuration content of NB-IoT includes: server IP address and port number
Configuration content of WIFI includes: server IP address and port number
Configuration contents of GPRS include: server IP address and port number
5) Configuring the serial number of the communication terminal accessing the sensor or meter
6) The interface for configuring the communication terminal to access the sensor or the meter comprises an RS485 interface and an RS232 interface
7) And configuring communication parameters of a communication terminal interface, including a baud rate, a data bit, a stop bit and a check bit.
8) Protocol type of configuration table
9) Configuring protocol MAC address of table, wherein the MAC address is 16 system
10) A copy-read command for the configuration table, comprising
Preset standard communication protocols: calculated post-population by configuration software
Non-standard custom patterns: artificially compute command post fill
And (III) generating data messages according to instantiated communication terminal data, wherein the data messages comprise data messages for configuring a radio frequency parameter model and data messages for configuring a meter parameter model. The following were used:
communication format for configuring radio frequency parameters
| Field(s) | Length (byte) | Description of the invention |
| Constants are: AT + A ═ | 5 | Message header |
| Length of | 2 | Total length of message (Small end) |
| Configuration information | RadioInfo_TypeDef | See radio frequency parameter model |
| Constants are: n | 1 | Ending character |
Communication format for configuring meter parameters
And after the data message is generated, writing the data message into the communication terminal through a configuration interface of the communication terminal to complete configuration.
And (IV) the communication terminal carries out multi-table combined copying processing according to the instantiated data. The following were used:
the method comprises the following steps: the data processing unit reads the configuration information of the communication terminal; the instantiated radio frequency parameter is R, and the instantiated meter parameter set is M ═ M1,m2,m3,…,mN1N1, where N is the number of instantiated meter parameters; the instantiated copy-read command set is C ═ C1,c2,c3,…,cN2N2 is the number of instantiated copy commands.
Step two: the data processing unit starts a timer;
step three: the data processing unit judges whether c is reachedi(i ranges from 1 to N2), if not, maintaining the reading period in the third step; if yes, marking the copy-reading command as cTCarrying out the step four;
step four: data processing unit lookup cTThe associated instantiation meter parameter, denoted mT(ii) a Extraction of mTCommunication interface configuration information of (1), denoted as sT(ii) a Extraction of mTCommunication protocol information of (1), noted as xT(ii) a Extraction of cTIs recorded as pTThen entering step five;
step five: the data acquisition unit is based on sTSelecting corresponding communication interface, such as RS232 or RS485, to configure communication parameters including baud rate, check bit, data bit and stop bit, and then calculating sTInterface sending pTEntering a sixth step;
step six: data acquisition unit waiting to receive sTIf the receiving time of the message returned by the interface is over, returning to the step three, if the message is received, recording the message as qTEntering the step seven;
step seven: the data processing unit is according to xTDetecting qTIf not, returning to the step three, and if legal, performing the step eight;
step eight: the wireless processing unit configures radio frequency parameters of the corresponding interface, such as LoRa, NB-IoT, GPRS, WIFI and the like, according to the radio frequency parameters R, and then sends q to the corresponding interfaceTAnd (5) message. And entering a third step.
Claims (1)
1. A meter reading method of a multi-terminal multi-mode Internet of things communication terminal supporting multi-meter combined reading comprises the steps that the communication terminal comprises a wireless communication unit, a data processing unit, a data acquisition unit and a configuration unit; the wireless communication unit and the data acquisition unit are respectively connected to the data processing unit; the configuration interface is respectively connected to the wireless communication unit, the data processing unit and the data acquisition unit through the configuration unit; one end of the RS485 interface and/or the RS232 interface is connected to the data acquisition unit, and the other end of the RS485 interface and/or the RS232 interface is used for connecting a plurality of meters; the wireless communication unit comprises an LoRa wireless communication subunit and/or an NB-IoT wireless communication subunit and/or a WIFI wireless communication subunit and/or a GPRS communication subunit;
the method is characterized by comprising a step of establishing a data model by a communication terminal, a step of configuring the communication terminal by an upper computer and a step of multi-table combination copy processing by the communication terminal;
the communication terminal establishes a data model, wherein the data model comprises basic parameters, radio frequency parameters and meter parameters:
basic parameters: the method comprises the steps of including the ID number of a client to which a communication terminal belongs and the ID number of the communication terminal;
radio frequency parameters: including communication types and communication parameters of the respective types;
the various types of communication parameters may include,
communication parameters of LoRa include transmission power, spreading factor, code, bandwidth, working frequency point and channel number;
communication parameters of NBIoT, including IP address and port number;
communication parameters of the GPRS, including IP addresses and port numbers;
communication parameters of WIFI, including IP addresses and port numbers;
and (3) meter parameters: the method comprises the following steps of (1) reading commands of basic information, a communication interface of a meter and the meter;
the basic information comprises the serial number of the meter, the type of the meter, the system ID of the meter, the name of the meter, the communication protocol of the meter and the MAC address of the meter;
the communication interface of the meter comprises the type of the communication interface and the parameters of different types of interfaces; the communication interface types comprise an RS232 interface type and an RS485 interface type; the parameters of the RS232 interface type comprise a baud rate, a check bit, a data bit and a stop bit; the parameters of the RS485 interface type comprise a baud rate, a check bit, a data bit and a stop bit;
the reading command of the meter comprises a command sequence number, a command descriptor, a command reading cycle, a command length and command data; the step of configuring the communication terminal by the upper computer comprises
Step 1: the upper computer instantiates a data model of the communication terminal, and the data model comprises instantiation basic parameters, radio frequency parameters and meter parameters;
step 2: the upper computer generates a data message from the instantiated data model and writes the data message into the communication terminal through a configuration interface of the communication terminal; the data message comprises a data message for configuring radio frequency parameters and a data message for configuring meter parameters; the data message format for configuring the radio frequency parameters is as follows: a message header "AT + T", a message length byte, a radio frequency parameter data byte, and an end character "\ n"; the data message format of the configuration meter parameter is as follows: the message header "AT + C ═ length byte, meter parameter data byte and end character" \ n ";
the step of multi-meter reading processing of the communication terminal comprises
Step 1: reading an instantiated data model comprising N1 instantiated meter parameters m1,m2,m3,…,mN1And the system also comprises N2 instantiated reading commands c1,c2,c3,…,cN2；
Step 2: the data processing unit starts a timer;
and step 3: the data processing unit judges the reading command c in turn1,c2,c3,…,cN2Whether the reading period is reached or not, if not, the step is maintained; if yes, the reading command marking the reading period is cTAnd continuing;
and 4, step 4: data processing unit lookup cTThe associated instantiation meter parameter, denoted mT(ii) a Extraction of mTCommunication interface of, denoted as sT(ii) a Extraction of mTCommunication protocol of (1), denoted as xT(ii) a Extraction of cTData of the command of (1), denoted as pT；
And 5: the data acquisition unit is based on sTSelecting corresponding communication interface, configuring interface parameter, and sending p to communication interfaceT；
Step 6: the data acquisition unit waits for receiving the data returned by the communication interface, if the data is received overtime, the data acquisition unit returns to the step 3, and if the data is received, the data is recorded as qT；
And 7: the data processing unit is according to xTDetecting qTIf not, returning to the step 3; if legal, continue;
and 8: the wireless communication unit selects the corresponding type of wireless communication subunit and configures the communication parameters according to the radio frequency parameters of the instantiated data model, and then sends q to the wireless communication subunitT(ii) a And returning to the step 3.
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| CN107393274A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-24 | 成都千嘉科技有限公司 | It is a kind of based on internet+long-distance meter-reading system and method |
| CN108417004A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-17 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | One kind is based on acquisition system and method in twin-channel polymorphic type meter data set |
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| KR101264545B1 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-05-14 | 한국전력공사 | Advanced metering infrastructure system to gurantee reliable delivery of metering data and method for advanced metering infrastructure thereof |
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| CN105046928A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-11-11 | 江苏林洋电子股份有限公司 | Method for automatically detecting and managing meter records |
| KR20170009120A (en) * | 2015-07-15 | 2017-01-25 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | Meter reading system having digital communication type meter reading unit with multi-protocol and method for applying meter reading using the same |
| CN106997657A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2017-08-01 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | Unify the protocol converter and its method of work of collection for multiclass meter data |
| CN206460606U (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-09-01 | 国网江苏省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of multilist collection of adaptive meter reading copies communication interface converter |
| CN107393274A (en) * | 2017-08-17 | 2017-11-24 | 成都千嘉科技有限公司 | It is a kind of based on internet+long-distance meter-reading system and method |
| CN108417004A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-17 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | One kind is based on acquisition system and method in twin-channel polymorphic type meter data set |
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