CN109268037B - Stability control structure of combined roof surrounding rock of deep stope face - Google Patents
Stability control structure of combined roof surrounding rock of deep stope face Download PDFInfo
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- CN109268037B CN109268037B CN201811422232.0A CN201811422232A CN109268037B CN 109268037 B CN109268037 B CN 109268037B CN 201811422232 A CN201811422232 A CN 201811422232A CN 109268037 B CN109268037 B CN 109268037B
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- soft
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001632 homeopathic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a stability control structure of a combined roof surrounding rock of a deep stope face, which comprises a metal net, a grouting area and an anchor rod assembly, wherein a row of metal nets are erected at the bottom end of the combined roof in the stope face, and the anchor rod assemblies are arranged at intervals to anchor the soft and hard interbedds of the combined roof; grouting holes are drilled at intervals at the same layer as the anchor rod assembly, and the grouting holes are used for grouting and forming grouting areas. The stability control structure of the surrounding rock of the combined roof of the deep stoping working face can change the loose, weak and easily broken rock mass structure of the surrounding rock of the combined roof of the soft-hard-soft of the deep stoping working face, enhance the cohesive force, bearing capacity and overall stability of the surrounding rock interbedded, improve the whole strengthening supporting effect of the whole section of the anchor net support, the anchor rope support and the grouting reinforcement, and have stronger applicability to the complex roof surrounding rock interbedded structure of crack development, soft and hard clamping.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine roadway support and surrounding rock control, in particular to a stability control structure of a combined roof surrounding rock of a deep stope face.
Background
With the increasing intensity of mine exploitation, shallow coal resources are gradually reduced, the coal exploitation is extended and developed towards the deep part, the exploitation depth of partial mines is close to 1000m, and the exploitation depth is continuously increased at the speed of 8-12 m per year. The rock mass of deep mining is influenced by the complex geomechanical environment of three-high and one-disturbance, has obvious transient mechanical effect and fluid-solid coupling characteristic, increases the probability of nonlinear large deformation and abrupt damage of surrounding rock, and increases the difficulty of deep resource safe and efficient mining. Especially when the roof surrounding rock of the deep stoping working face is a combined rock stratum such as soft-hard-soft, the soft rock stratum and the hard rock stratum are mutually overlapped, the layer spacing is smaller, the rock stratum is thin and has low strength, the bonding force among the rock strata is low, the layers, joints, weak faces and cracks develop, the bearing capacity of the soft and hard inter-layer structure is low, the self stability is poor, the separation layer is easily caused due to insufficient structural rigidity, and the difficulty of surrounding rock support and roof management is increased. In addition, the soft-hard-soft combined roof is formed by alternately superposing three layers of soft and hard rock layers, the hard rock is clamped between two layers of soft rock layers, the self bearing capacity is limited, the soft rock layers and the soft rock structures are difficult to form a unified reinforced bearing structure whole, the stability of three layers of surrounding rock layers is not easy to control, the traditional single support can not meet the support requirement of the combined roof, and the development of a novel surrounding rock stability control system becomes increasingly urgent and important.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects of soft and broken surrounding rock, low supporting strength, large deformation of surrounding rock, low bearing capacity of a soft and hard interbedded structure and poor stability of the combined top plate surrounding rock of the deep stope face, and provides the novel stability control structure of the combined top plate surrounding rock of the deep stope face, which has the advantages of graded supporting, layer-by-layer reinforcement, multilayer coupling reinforcement, long maintenance time, wide application range and high stability.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: the invention provides a stability control structure of a combined roof surrounding rock of a deep stope face, which comprises a metal net, a grouting area and an anchor rod assembly, wherein a row of metal nets are erected at the bottom end of the combined roof in the stope face, and the anchor rod assemblies are arranged at intervals to anchor the soft and hard interbedds of the combined roof; grouting holes are drilled at intervals at the same layer as the anchor rod assembly, and the grouting holes are used for grouting and forming grouting areas.
Preferably, the combined roof comprises an upper soft rock, a middle hard rock and a lower soft rock which are distributed in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the top of the upper soft rock is an upper roof; the bottom end of the stope face is a bottom plate.
Preferably, the anchor rod assembly comprises short anchor rods, and the metal mesh is fixed by the short anchor rods arranged at intervals and is reinforced with the lower soft rock.
Preferably, the grouting area comprises shallow grouting, and grouting holes are drilled at the same horizon interval distance with the short anchor rods, and used for grouting and forming the shallow grouting; the grouting depth of the shallow grouting reaches the position of the interaction layer of the lower soft rock and the middle hard rock.
Preferably, the anchor rod assembly further comprises long anchor rods, and the long anchor rods are anchored to the middle hard rock from the bottom of the lower soft rock at intervals.
Preferably, the grouting area comprises middle-deep grouting, grouting holes are drilled at the same layer spacing distance with the long anchor rods, and grouting holes are used for grouting and forming the middle-deep grouting; and the grouting depth of the medium-depth grouting penetrates through the two layers of surrounding rocks of the lower soft rock and the middle hard rock until reaching the bottom of the rock stratum of the upper soft rock.
Preferably, the anchor rod assembly further comprises long anchor cables, and the long anchor cables are driven from the bottom of the lower soft rock, pass through the middle hard rock and are anchored into the upper soft rock all the time.
Preferably, the grouting area further comprises deep grouting, and the grouting depth of the deep grouting penetrates from the lower soft rock to the top of the rock stratum of the upper soft rock.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
The stability control structure of the surrounding rock of the combined roof of the deep stoping working face can change the loose, weak and easily broken rock mass structure of the surrounding rock of the combined roof of the soft-hard-soft of the deep stoping working face, enhance the cohesive force, bearing capacity and integral stability of the surrounding rock interbedded, improve the full-section integral strengthening supporting effect of anchor net supporting, anchor rope supporting and grouting reinforcement, and have stronger applicability to the complex roof surrounding rock interbedded structure of crack development and soft-hard clamping.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic reinforcement view of a stability control structure for a combined roof surrounding rock of a deep stope;
Wherein 1-lower soft rock; 2-middle hard rock; 3-upper soft rock; 4-a combined top plate; 5-an upper top plate; 6-stoping face; 7-a bottom plate; 11-short anchor rods; 12-metal mesh; 13-shallow grouting; 21-long anchor rods; 22-deep grouting; 31-long anchor cable; 32-deep grouting.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention overcomes the defects of soft and broken surrounding rock, low supporting strength, large deformation of surrounding rock, low bearing capacity of a soft and hard interbedded structure and poor stability of the combined top plate surrounding rock of the deep stope face, and provides the novel stability control structure of the combined top plate surrounding rock of the deep stope face, which has the advantages of graded supporting, layer-by-layer reinforcement, multilayer coupling reinforcement, long maintenance time, wide application range and high stability.
Based on the above, the stability control structure of the combined roof surrounding rock of the deep stope face comprises a metal net, a grouting area and an anchor rod assembly, wherein a row of metal nets are erected at the bottom end of the combined roof in the stope face, and the anchor rod assemblies are arranged at intervals to anchor the soft and hard interbedds of the combined roof; grouting holes are drilled at intervals at the same layer as the anchor rod assembly, and the grouting holes are used for grouting and forming grouting areas.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a reinforcement schematic diagram of a stability control structure of a combined roof surrounding rock of a deep stope face.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a stability control structure of a combined roof surrounding rock of a deep stope face.
The stability control of the deep surrounding rock is a supporting design activity performed in a three-dimensional space of a deep underground coal mining operation, the deep underground mining operation consists of a stoping face 6, a lower soft rock 1, a middle hard rock 2, an upper soft rock 3, an upper roof 5 and a bottom plate 7, wherein the lower soft rock 1, the middle hard rock 2 and the upper soft rock 3 are roof plates directly acting on the upper part of a coal seam, the sum of three layers of thickness is generally not more than 10m, and the sum of three layers of thickness is generally called as a combined roof 4. As the mining operation of the stoping face 6 proceeds, the surrounding rock movement of the top plate is aggravated, and the surrounding rock is deformed and unstably until the surrounding rock collapses and breaks. In order to maintain the safety and stability of the roadway surrounding rock, stability control is required to be carried out on the combined roof above the coal seam. The specific implementation is as follows:
(1) Firstly, erecting a row of metal nets 12 at the bottom end of a lower soft rock 1 adjacent to a coal seam, and after the metal nets 12 are erected, beating short anchor rods 11 into the lower soft rock 1 at regular intervals, and fixing the metal nets 12 in a homeopathic manner by the short anchor rods 11 and reinforcing the lower soft rock 1; grouting holes are drilled at a specified distance from the short anchor rods 11 at the same layer, shallow grouting 13 is carried out on the lower soft rock 1, and the grouting depth reaches the position of an interaction layer of the lower soft rock 1 and the middle hard rock 2, namely grouting penetrates through the whole rock layer of the lower soft rock 1.
(2) Secondly, the long anchor rods 21 are arranged in the middle hard rock 2 at regular intervals, the long anchor rods 21 are anchored to the middle part of the middle hard rock 2 from the bottom of the lower soft rock 1, and the full-length anchoring of the soft and hard interbedded is realized; simultaneously, grouting holes are drilled in the long anchor rods 21 at the same horizon at specified intervals, medium deep grouting 22 is carried out on the lower soft rock 1 and the middle hard rock 2, grouting depth penetrates through two layers of surrounding rocks of the lower soft rock 1 and the middle hard rock 2, and reaches the bottom of the rock stratum of the upper soft rock 3, so that the lower soft rock 1 and the middle hard rock 2 are unified and integrated, and the bearing capacity and stability of the surrounding rocks are enhanced.
(3) Finally, long anchor cables 31 are arranged in the upper soft rock 3 at regular intervals, the long anchor cables 31 are driven from the bottom of the lower soft rock 1, pass through the middle hard rock 2 and are anchored into the upper soft rock 3, so that the full-length anchoring of the soft-hard-soft three-layer surrounding rock is realized; simultaneously, grouting holes are drilled at the same layer position and at a specified distance in the long anchor cable 31, deep grouting 32 is carried out on the lower soft rock 1, the middle hard rock 2 and the upper soft rock 3, the grouting depth is communicated from the lower soft rock 1 to the top of the rock stratum of the upper soft rock 3, and the whole communication of the soft-hard-soft three-layer surrounding rock is realized. And then make lower part soft rock 1, middle part hard rock 2 and upper portion soft rock 3 combine together, surrounding rock intensity improves by a wide margin, and surrounding rock overall load-bearing structure's stability and security are showing and are improving.
The stability control structure of the surrounding rock of the combined roof of the deep stoping working face can change the loose, weak and easily broken rock mass structure of the surrounding rock of the combined roof of the soft-hard-soft of the deep stoping working face, enhance the cohesive force, bearing capacity and integral stability of the surrounding rock interbedded, improve the full-section integral strengthening supporting effect of anchor net supporting, anchor rope supporting and grouting reinforcement, and have stronger applicability to the complex roof surrounding rock interbedded structure of crack development and soft-hard clamping.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (1)
1. A stability control structure of deep stope face combination roof country rock which characterized in that: the combined roof comprises a metal net, a grouting area and an anchor rod assembly, wherein a row of metal nets are erected at the bottom end of the combined roof in a stoping working face, and the anchor rod assemblies are arranged at intervals to anchor the soft and hard interbeds of the combined roof; grouting holes are drilled at intervals at the same layer as the anchor rod assembly, and the grouting holes are used for grouting and forming grouting areas;
The combined roof comprises an upper soft rock, a middle hard rock and a lower soft rock which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom, and the top of the upper soft rock is an upper roof; the bottom end of the stope face is a bottom plate;
The anchor rod assembly comprises short anchor rods, and the metal net is fixed by the short anchor rods arranged at intervals and is reinforced with the lower soft rock; the grouting area comprises shallow grouting, grouting holes are drilled at the same horizon interval distance with the short anchor rods, and grouting holes are used for grouting and forming the shallow grouting; the grouting depth of the shallow grouting reaches the interaction layer of the lower soft rock and the middle hard rock all the time;
The anchor rod assembly further comprises long anchor rods, wherein the long anchor rods are arranged at intervals and are anchored to the middle hard rock from the bottom of the lower soft rock; the grouting area comprises middle-deep grouting, grouting holes are drilled at the same layer spacing distance with the long anchor rods, and grouting holes are used for grouting and forming the middle-deep grouting; the grouting depth of the medium-depth grouting penetrates through the two layers of surrounding rocks of the lower soft rock and the middle hard rock until reaching the bottom of the rock stratum of the upper soft rock;
the anchor rod assembly further comprises long anchor cables, wherein the long anchor cables are driven from the bottom of the lower soft rock, penetrate through the middle hard rock and are anchored into the upper soft rock all the time; the grouting area further comprises deep grouting, and the grouting depth of the deep grouting is communicated from the lower soft rock to the top of the rock stratum of the upper soft rock.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811422232.0A CN109268037B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | Stability control structure of combined roof surrounding rock of deep stope face |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811422232.0A CN109268037B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | Stability control structure of combined roof surrounding rock of deep stope face |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109268037A CN109268037A (en) | 2019-01-25 |
| CN109268037B true CN109268037B (en) | 2024-06-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811422232.0A Active CN109268037B (en) | 2018-11-27 | 2018-11-27 | Stability control structure of combined roof surrounding rock of deep stope face |
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Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3027661A1 (en) * | 1980-07-22 | 1982-02-18 | Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co, 4630 Bochum | Mine gallery roof supports and edge securing beams - are anchored lattice girders functioning as initial supports and advance rails |
| RU2128773C1 (en) * | 1997-04-21 | 1999-04-10 | Кузбасский государственный технический университет | Method for supporting mining workings with loose roof rock by anchor support |
| DE102009012570A1 (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2010-09-16 | Minova International Ltd. | Method for securing long-roadway building element in underground mine, involves reinforcing and/or stabilizing roof in transition area in front of roof support with back-filling building material by support system |
| CN104929666A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-09-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Top breaking gob-side entry retaining method for tender roofs |
| CN105041353A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-11-11 | 河南理工大学 | Roadway anchor net re-jetting double-folded-shed surrounding rock control technology |
| CN105178981A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Total-section closed type deep-shallow coupling yielding, bolting-grouting and supporting method for incompact and fractured soft-rock roadway |
| CN105736022A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-06 | 安徽理工大学 | Layered supporting method based on deep rectangular coal roadway with tender composite roof |
| CN206681751U (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-11-28 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | One kind is used for breaking surrounding rock alley way anchor and notes integrated support system |
| CN108087008A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-29 | 贵州大方煤业有限公司 | A kind of three-soft seam gob side entry method for protecting support |
| CN209163832U (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-07-26 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of stability control structure of deep stope combination roof rock |
-
2018
- 2018-11-27 CN CN201811422232.0A patent/CN109268037B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3027661A1 (en) * | 1980-07-22 | 1982-02-18 | Bochumer Eisenhütte Heintzmann GmbH & Co, 4630 Bochum | Mine gallery roof supports and edge securing beams - are anchored lattice girders functioning as initial supports and advance rails |
| RU2128773C1 (en) * | 1997-04-21 | 1999-04-10 | Кузбасский государственный технический университет | Method for supporting mining workings with loose roof rock by anchor support |
| DE102009012570A1 (en) * | 2009-03-11 | 2010-09-16 | Minova International Ltd. | Method for securing long-roadway building element in underground mine, involves reinforcing and/or stabilizing roof in transition area in front of roof support with back-filling building material by support system |
| CN104929666A (en) * | 2015-04-30 | 2015-09-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Top breaking gob-side entry retaining method for tender roofs |
| CN105041353A (en) * | 2015-08-17 | 2015-11-11 | 河南理工大学 | Roadway anchor net re-jetting double-folded-shed surrounding rock control technology |
| CN105178981A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Total-section closed type deep-shallow coupling yielding, bolting-grouting and supporting method for incompact and fractured soft-rock roadway |
| CN105736022A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-07-06 | 安徽理工大学 | Layered supporting method based on deep rectangular coal roadway with tender composite roof |
| CN206681751U (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2017-11-28 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | One kind is used for breaking surrounding rock alley way anchor and notes integrated support system |
| CN108087008A (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2018-05-29 | 贵州大方煤业有限公司 | A kind of three-soft seam gob side entry method for protecting support |
| CN209163832U (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-07-26 | 湘潭大学 | A kind of stability control structure of deep stope combination roof rock |
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| CN109268037A (en) | 2019-01-25 |
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