CN109264945B - Livestock and poultry manure deodorization treatment method - Google Patents
Livestock and poultry manure deodorization treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
Abstract
The invention discloses a livestock and poultry manure deodorization treatment method, and belongs to the technical field of organic waste treatment. The livestock and poultry manure deodorization treatment is realized through four steps of preparation of a deodorant, layered accumulation treatment, microwave acidification treatment and secondary accumulation treatment. The total volatilization amount of the ammonia gas in the treatment method is 44.90mg which is 33.96 percent of that in the comparison treatment, while the total volatilization amount of the hydrogen sulfide is 0.07mg which is 3.43 percent of that in the comparison treatment, and the treatment effect is obvious. The livestock and poultry manure treated by the method is used as an organic fertilizer for fertilizing corn and wheat, and through practical detection, the acre yield of the corn before fertilizing is 650 kg/mu, the acre yield of the corn after fertilizing reaches 712 kg/mu, the yield is increased by 9.54 percent, the acre yield of the wheat before fertilizing is 470 kg/mu, the acre yield of the wheat after fertilizing reaches 542 kg/mu, the yield is increased by 15.32 percent, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic waste treatment, and particularly relates to a livestock and poultry manure deodorization treatment method.
Background
At present, food safety is increasingly emphasized in China, green food, pollution-free products and ecological agriculture plans are implemented, livestock and poultry breeding industry develops rapidly, and livestock and poultry breeding becomes an important way for improving efficiency of agriculture and increasing income of farmers. Livestock and poultry manure is about 27 hundred million tons produced in rural areas in China every year, although the livestock and poultry manure is also a precious resource in agricultural production, nitrogen and phosphorus produced in domestic livestock and poultry farms are 1597 million tons and 363 million tons respectively, which are equivalent to 78.9 percent and 57.4 percent of the using amount of chemical fertilizers in the same period in China, but with the continuous increase of the livestock and poultry manure, the odor of the manure piled on site is large, mosquitoes and flies are more, and air and water sources are polluted; the direct fertilizer is easy to infect diseases and insect pests, is difficult to digest in situ, and needs to be rapidly treated in a harmless way. While the harmful substances such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas are not treated satisfactorily in the process of accumulating the livestock and poultry manure, and the expected effect of the test cannot be achieved.
The document search of the prior art shows that Chinese patent publication No. CN106187521A, 2016, 12, month 07, discloses a deodorant for livestock and poultry feces, which utilizes the function of microorganisms to remove part of the odor of the livestock and poultry feces, and the odor of the sludge is gradually emitted along with the time extension, and no corresponding ventilation and exhaust measures are provided in the deodorization process, so that the deodorization treatment of the livestock and poultry feces is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a livestock manure deodorization treatment method which can remove odor of livestock manure to the greatest extent, effectively reduce volatilization amounts of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas, and can remarkably increase crop yield by using the treatment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.
A livestock and poultry manure deodorization treatment method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of the deodorant: selecting 65-83 parts of fly ash, 40-62 parts of 600-800 mesh silicon powder, 30-50 parts of mulberry leaf powder, 22-37 parts of ferrous sulfate, 17-26 parts of cane molasses, 17-26 parts of calcium chloride, 16-20 parts of apple peel, 10-17 parts of butyric acid bacteria powder, 10-17 parts of lactic acid bacteria powder, 12-16 parts of acetic acid bacteria powder, 2-4.5 parts of eucalyptus citriodora leaf extract and 1-3.5 parts of clove extract to prepare a deodorant, wherein the deodorant can be prepared into a solid deodorant and a liquid deodorant, namely deodorant i and deodorant ii;
2) layered stacking treatment: establishing an upper layer and a lower layer of fields and a building frame for accumulating the livestock and poultry manure, firstly digging a groove at the bottom layer, putting the livestock and poultry manure into the groove at the bottom for accumulating for 1-2 days, then adding a deodorant II in the step 1) to enable the livestock and poultry manure to completely permeate into the livestock and poultry manure, airing for 2-3 days under direct sunlight, then inserting a hollow bamboo rod into the livestock and poultry manure, and drilling holes on the bamboo rod, wherein the number of the drilled holes is determined according to the height of the bamboo rod; then, building a layer frame above the bamboo poles by using branches, setting the number of layers of the layer frame to be at least 3, wherein the thickness of each layer is 10-14 cm, spraying a fermentation liquor X every 2-3 days, wherein the spraying frequency is not more than 4 times, and spraying a layer of deodorant i on the fermentation liquor X once every spraying, wherein the mass ratio of the fermentation liquor X to the deodorant i is 10-13: 2-4;
3) microwave acidification treatment: selecting bentonite raw soil and a surfactant, fusing and drying to obtain organic bentonite for later use, wherein the mass ratio of the bentonite raw soil to the surfactant is 1: 200-300, the drying temperature is 80-110 ℃, and the drying time is 1-4 h; uniformly mixing organic bentonite, rice hull ash and 1-5% sulfuric acid solution according to the mass-volume ratio of 1: 2-3: 10.5-13.5, and placing the mixture in a tetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle for microwave reaction; separating the obtained mixed solution, washing the mixed solution to be neutral to obtain a treatment solution R, mixing a small amount of the livestock manure on the upper layer and the lower layer treated in the step 2) with the treatment solution R, heating the mixture to 125-135 ℃ by using microwave heating, continuously maintaining the temperature for microwave treatment for 7-10 min, and stirring the livestock manure while performing the microwave treatment;
4) secondary stacking treatment: treating the livestock manure treated in the step 3) according to the treatment method in the step 2), adding the corn straw powder and the rape straw powder into the groove, treading, and then performing temperature rise compost fermentation and high temperature compost fermentation respectively, wherein the initial temperature of the compost in the temperature rise period is 34-36 ℃, the temperature after the reaction is not more than 50-58 ℃, and the temperature range of the compost in the high temperature period is controlled at 72-75 ℃.
Further, the composition of the fermentation broth X in step 2) comprises: 160-200 g/L of organic matter, 3.5-5.5 g/L of chitosan, 7-11 g/L of urea, 6-10 g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.6-2.4 g/L of magnesium sulfate, 1.4-2.0 g/L of ferrous sulfate, 0.8-1.2 g/L of boric acid and the balance of water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
1) the invention takes the deodorant as the main component to perform deodorization, not only can remove the odor of the livestock and poultry manure, but also can remove the odor of the sludge, and has the function of achieving two purposes at a time. The deodorant is added with the butyric acid bacteria powder, the lactic acid bacteria powder and the acetic anhydride bacteria powder, so that the deodorant can meet the requirements of aerobic and anaerobic environments, and the deodorization effect is improved.
2) The invention adopts the combination of double-layer building frames and deodorants in different states for deodorization, ensures higher porosity during composting in the deodorization process, ensures air circulation and avoids secondary odor caused by pollution of mixed bacteria.
3) The invention carries out composting treatment in two stages of a heating period and a high temperature period, can reduce the volatilization amount of ammonia gas and hydrogen sulfide to the minimum, and is environment-friendly and pollution-free.
4) The treatment method of the invention reduces the volatilization amount of ammonia gas and the volatilization amount of hydrogen sulfide compared with the conventional treatment, wherein the total volatilization amount of ammonia gas is 44.90mg and is 33.96 percent of that of the comparison treatment, while the total volatilization amount of hydrogen sulfide is 0.07mg and is 3.43 percent of that of the comparison treatment, and the treatment effect is obvious.
5) The livestock and poultry manure treated by the method is used as an organic fertilizer for fertilizing corn and wheat, and through practical detection, the acre yield of the corn before fertilizing is 650 kg/mu, the acre yield of the corn after fertilizing reaches 712 kg/mu, the yield is increased by 9.54 percent, the acre yield of the wheat before fertilizing is 470 kg/mu, the acre yield of the wheat after fertilizing reaches 542 kg/mu, the yield is increased by 15.32 percent, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below by way of specific examples. It is to be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments, and that any changes and/or modifications may be made to the present invention within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A livestock and poultry manure deodorization treatment method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of the deodorant: selecting 65kg of fly ash, 40kg of 600-mesh silicon powder, 30kg of mulberry leaf powder, 22kg of ferrous sulfate, 17kg of cane molasses, 17kg of calcium chloride, 16kg of apple peel, 10kg of butyric acid bacteria powder, 10kg of lactic acid bacteria powder, 12kg of acetobacter powder, 2kg of lemon eucalyptus leaf extract and 1kg of clove extract to prepare a deodorant, wherein the deodorant can be prepared into a solid deodorant and a liquid deodorant, namely a deodorant i and a deodorant ii;
2) layered stacking treatment: establishing an upper layer and a lower layer of fields and a building frame for accumulating the livestock and poultry manure, firstly digging a groove at the bottom layer, putting the livestock and poultry manure into the groove at the bottom for accumulating for 1 day, then adding a deodorant II in the step 1) to enable the livestock and poultry manure to completely permeate into the livestock and poultry manure, airing for 2 days under direct sunlight, then inserting a hollow bamboo rod into the livestock and poultry manure, and drilling holes on the bamboo rod, wherein the number of the drilled holes is determined according to the height of the bamboo rod; then, building a layer frame above the bamboo poles by using branches, setting the layer number of the layer frame to be at least 3 layers, wherein the thickness of each layer is 10cm, spraying once every 2 days by using fermentation liquor X, the spraying frequency is not more than 4 times, and spraying a layer of deodorant i on the fermentation liquor X once every time the fermentation liquor X is sprayed, wherein the mass ratio of the fermentation liquor X to the deodorant i is 10: 2; the composition of the fermentation liquor X comprises: 160g/L of organic matter, 3.5g/L of chitosan, 7g/L of urea, 6g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.6g/L of magnesium sulfate, 1.4g/L of ferrous sulfate, 0.8g/L of boric acid and the balance of water.
3) Microwave acidification treatment: selecting bentonite raw soil and a surfactant, fusing and drying to obtain organic bentonite for later use, wherein the mass ratio of the bentonite raw soil to the surfactant is 1:200, the drying temperature is 80 ℃, and the drying time is 1 h; uniformly mixing organic bentonite, rice hull ash and 1% sulfuric acid solution according to the mass-volume ratio of 1:2:10.5, and placing the mixture in a tetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle for microwave reaction; separating the obtained mixed solution, washing to neutrality to obtain a treatment solution R, mixing a small amount of the livestock and poultry manure on the upper layer and the lower layer treated in the step 2) with the treatment solution R, heating to 125 ℃ by microwave heating, continuously maintaining the temperature for microwave treatment for 7min, and stirring the livestock and poultry manure while performing the microwave treatment;
4) secondary stacking treatment: treating the livestock manure treated in the step 3) according to the treatment method in the step 2), adding the corn straw powder and the rape straw powder into the groove, treading, and then performing temperature-rise compost fermentation and high-temperature compost fermentation respectively, wherein the initial temperature of the compost in the temperature rise period is 34 ℃, the temperature after the reaction is not more than 50 ℃, and the temperature range of the compost in the high temperature period is controlled at 72 ℃.
Example 2
A livestock and poultry manure deodorization treatment method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of the deodorant: selecting 74kg of fly ash, 51kg of 600-mesh silicon powder, 40kg of mulberry leaf powder, 26kg of ferrous sulfate, 21.5kg of cane molasses, 21.5kg of calcium chloride, 18kg of apple peel, 13.5kg of butyric acid bacteria powder, 13.5kg of lactic acid bacteria powder, 14kg of acetic acid bacteria powder, 3.3kg of lemon eucalyptus leaf extract and 2.7kg of clove extract to prepare a deodorant, wherein the deodorant can be prepared into a solid deodorant and a liquid deodorant, namely a deodorant i and a deodorant ii respectively;
2) layered stacking treatment: establishing an upper layer and a lower layer of fields and a building frame for accumulating the livestock and poultry manure, firstly digging a groove at the bottom layer, putting the livestock and poultry manure into the groove at the bottom for accumulating for 2 days, then adding a deodorant II in the step 1) to enable the livestock and poultry manure to completely permeate into the livestock and poultry manure, airing for 3 days under direct sunlight, then inserting a hollow bamboo rod into the livestock and poultry manure, and drilling holes on the bamboo rod, wherein the number of the drilled holes is determined according to the height of the bamboo rod; then, building a layer frame above the bamboo poles by using branches, setting the layer number of the layer frame to be at least 3 layers, wherein the thickness of each layer is 12cm, spraying once every 2 days by using fermentation liquor X, the spraying frequency is not more than 4 times, and spraying a layer of deodorant i on the fermentation liquor X once every time the fermentation liquor X is sprayed, wherein the mass ratio of the fermentation liquor X to the deodorant i is 11: 3; the composition of the fermentation liquor X comprises: 180g/L of organic matter, 4.5g/L of chitosan, 9g/L of urea, 8g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 2g/L of magnesium sulfate, 1.7g/L of ferrous sulfate, 1g/L of boric acid and the balance of water.
3) Microwave acidification treatment: selecting bentonite raw soil and a surfactant, fusing and drying to obtain organic bentonite for later use, wherein the mass ratio of the bentonite raw soil to the surfactant is 1:260, the drying temperature is 95 ℃, and the drying time is 2.5 hours; uniformly mixing organic bentonite, rice hull ash and 3% sulfuric acid solution according to the mass-volume ratio of 1:2.5:12, and placing the mixture in a tetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle for microwave reaction; separating the obtained mixed solution, washing to neutrality to obtain a treatment solution R, mixing a small amount of the livestock and poultry manure on the upper layer and the lower layer treated in the step 2) with the treatment solution R, heating to 130 ℃ by microwave heating, continuously maintaining the temperature for microwave treatment for 8min, and stirring the livestock and poultry manure while performing the microwave treatment;
4) secondary stacking treatment: treating the livestock manure treated in the step 3) according to the treatment method in the step 2), adding the corn straw powder and the rape straw powder into the groove, treading, and then performing temperature-rise compost fermentation and high-temperature compost fermentation respectively, wherein the initial temperature of the compost in the temperature rise period is 35 ℃, the temperature after the reaction is finished is not more than 54 ℃, and the temperature range of the compost in the high-temperature period is controlled to be 73 ℃.
Example 3
A livestock and poultry manure deodorization treatment method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of the deodorant: 83kg of fly ash, 62kg of 800-mesh silicon powder, 50kg of mulberry leaf powder, 37kg of ferrous sulfate, 26kg of cane molasses, 26kg of calcium chloride, 20kg of apple peel, 17kg of butyric acid bacteria powder, 17kg of lactic acid bacteria powder, 16kg of acetobacter powder, 4.5kg of lemon eucalyptus leaf extracting solution and 3.5kg of clove extracting solution are selected to prepare the deodorant, and the deodorant can be prepared into a solid deodorant and a liquid deodorant, namely a deodorant i and a deodorant ii;
2) layered stacking treatment: establishing an upper layer and a lower layer of fields and a building frame for accumulating the livestock and poultry manure, firstly digging a groove at the bottom layer, putting the livestock and poultry manure into the groove at the bottom for accumulating for 2 days, then adding a deodorant II in the step 1) to enable the livestock and poultry manure to completely permeate into the livestock and poultry manure, airing for 3 days under direct sunlight, then inserting a hollow bamboo rod into the livestock and poultry manure, and drilling holes on the bamboo rod, wherein the number of the drilled holes is determined according to the height of the bamboo rod; then, building a layer frame above the bamboo poles by using branches, setting the number of layers of the layer frame to be at least 3, wherein the thickness of each layer is 14cm, spraying once every 3 days by using fermentation liquor X, the spraying frequency is not more than 4, and spraying a layer of deodorant i on the fermentation liquor X once every time the fermentation liquor X is sprayed, wherein the mass ratio of the fermentation liquor X to the deodorant i is 13: 4; the composition of the fermentation liquor X comprises: 200g/L of organic matter, 5.5g/L of chitosan, 11g/L of urea, 10g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 2.4g/L of magnesium sulfate, 2.0g/L of ferrous sulfate, 1.2g/L of boric acid and the balance of water.
3) Microwave acidification treatment: selecting bentonite raw soil and a surfactant, fusing and drying to obtain organic bentonite for later use, wherein the mass ratio of the bentonite raw soil to the surfactant is 1:300, the drying temperature is 110 ℃, and the drying time is 4 hours; uniformly mixing organic bentonite, rice hull ash and 5% sulfuric acid solution according to the mass-volume ratio of 1:3:13.5, and placing the mixture in a tetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle for microwave reaction; separating the obtained mixed solution, washing to neutrality to obtain a treatment solution R, mixing a small amount of the livestock and poultry manure on the upper layer and the lower layer treated in the step 2) with the treatment solution R, heating to 135 ℃ by microwave heating, continuously maintaining the temperature for microwave treatment for 10min, and stirring the livestock and poultry manure while performing the microwave treatment;
4) secondary stacking treatment: treating the livestock manure treated in the step 3) according to the treatment method in the step 2), adding the corn straw powder and the rape straw powder into the groove, treading, and then performing temperature-rise compost fermentation and high-temperature compost fermentation respectively, wherein the initial temperature of the compost in the temperature rise period is 36 ℃, the temperature after the reaction is finished is not more than 58 ℃, and the temperature range of the compost in the high-temperature period is controlled to be 75 ℃.
Examples of the experiments
The treatment method of the invention treats livestock manure compost NH3And H2The influence of the volatilization amount of S is shown in Table 1:
as can be seen from Table 1, the treatment method of the present invention has a reduced amount of volatilization of either ammonia or hydrogen sulfide compared to the conventional treatment, wherein the total amount of volatilization of ammonia was 44.90mg, which is 33.96% of the control treatment, and the total amount of volatilization of hydrogen sulfide was 0.07mg, which is 3.43% of the control treatment, and the treatment effect was significant.
Secondly, the livestock manure treated by the method is used as an organic fertilizer for fertilizing corn and wheat, and actual detection shows that the acre yield of the corn before fertilizing is 650 kg/mu, the acre yield of the corn after fertilizing reaches 712 kg/mu, the yield is increased by 9.54 percent, the acre yield of the wheat before fertilizing is 470 kg/mu, the acre yield of the wheat after fertilizing reaches 542 kg/mu, and the yield is increased by 15.32 percent, so that the economic benefit is remarkable.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. The above-described embodiments of the invention are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (1)
1. A livestock and poultry manure deodorization treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preparation of the deodorant: selecting 65-83 parts of fly ash, 40-62 parts of 600-800 mesh silicon powder, 30-50 parts of mulberry leaf powder, 22-37 parts of ferrous sulfate, 17-26 parts of cane molasses, 17-26 parts of calcium chloride, 16-20 parts of apple peel, 10-17 parts of butyric acid bacteria powder, 10-17 parts of lactic acid bacteria powder, 12-16 parts of acetic acid bacteria powder, 2-4.5 parts of eucalyptus citriodora leaf extract and 1-3.5 parts of clove extract to prepare a deodorant, wherein the deodorant can be prepared into a solid deodorant and a liquid deodorant, namely deodorant i and deodorant ii;
2) layered stacking treatment: establishing an upper layer and a lower layer of fields and a building frame for accumulating the livestock and poultry manure, firstly digging a groove at the bottom layer, putting the livestock and poultry manure into the groove at the bottom for accumulating for 1-2 days, then adding a deodorant II in the step 1) to enable the livestock and poultry manure to completely permeate into the livestock and poultry manure, airing for 2-3 days under direct sunlight, then inserting a hollow bamboo rod into the livestock and poultry manure, and drilling holes on the bamboo rod, wherein the number of the drilled holes is determined according to the height of the bamboo rod; then, building a layer frame above the bamboo poles by using branches, setting the number of layers of the layer frame to be at least 3, wherein the thickness of each layer is 10-14 cm, spraying a fermentation liquor X every 2-3 days, wherein the spraying frequency is not more than 4 times, and spraying a layer of deodorant i on the fermentation liquor X once every spraying, wherein the mass ratio of the fermentation liquor X to the deodorant i is 10-13: 2-4; the composition of the fermentation liquor X comprises: 160-200 g/L of organic matter, 3.5-5.5 g/L of chitosan, 7-11 g/L of urea, 6-10 g/L of monopotassium phosphate, 1.6-2.4 g/L of magnesium sulfate, 1.4-2.0 g/L of ferrous sulfate, 0.8-1.2 g/L of boric acid and the balance of water;
3) microwave acidification treatment: selecting bentonite raw soil and a surfactant, fusing and drying to obtain organic bentonite for later use, wherein the mass ratio of the bentonite raw soil to the surfactant is 1: 200-300, the drying temperature is 80-110 ℃, and the drying time is 1-4 h; uniformly mixing organic bentonite, rice hull ash and 1-5% sulfuric acid solution according to the mass-volume ratio of 1: 2-3: 10.5-13.5, and placing the mixture in a tetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle for microwave reaction; separating the obtained mixed solution, washing the mixed solution to be neutral to obtain a treatment solution R, mixing a small amount of the livestock manure on the upper layer and the lower layer treated in the step 2) with the treatment solution R, heating the mixture to 125-135 ℃ by using microwave heating, continuously maintaining the temperature for microwave treatment for 7-10 min, and stirring the livestock manure while performing the microwave treatment;
4) secondary stacking treatment: treating the livestock manure treated in the step 3) according to the treatment method in the step 2), adding the corn straw powder and the rape straw powder into the groove, treading, and then performing temperature rise compost fermentation and high temperature compost fermentation respectively, wherein the initial temperature of the compost in the temperature rise period is 34-36 ℃, the temperature after the reaction is less than or equal to 58 ℃, and the temperature range of the compost in the high temperature period is controlled within 72-75 ℃.
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