CN109253797B - Laser irradiation effect test system and method - Google Patents

Laser irradiation effect test system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109253797B
CN109253797B CN201811196726.1A CN201811196726A CN109253797B CN 109253797 B CN109253797 B CN 109253797B CN 201811196726 A CN201811196726 A CN 201811196726A CN 109253797 B CN109253797 B CN 109253797B
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laser beam
target
laser
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adjusting mechanism
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CN109253797A (en
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严军
姜正
武春风
李强
姜永亮
胡黎明
张慧媛
王猛
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General Designing Institute of Hubei Space Technology Academy
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G01J1/0252—Constructional arrangements for compensating for fluctuations caused by, e.g. temperature, or using cooling or temperature stabilization of parts of the device; Controlling the atmosphere inside a photometer; Purge systems, cleaning devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
    • G01J1/0403—Mechanical elements; Supports for optical elements; Scanning arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
    • G01J1/0407—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings
    • G01J1/0448—Adjustable, e.g. focussing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/02—Details
    • G01J1/04—Optical or mechanical part supplementary adjustable parts
    • G01J1/0407—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings
    • G01J1/0455—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. manifolds, windows, holograms, gratings having a throughhole enabling the optical element to fulfil an additional optical function, e.g. a mirror or grating having a through-hole for a light collecting or light injecting optical fibre

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Abstract

The invention discloses a laser irradiation effect test system, which comprises: a laser emitting mechanism for emitting a laser beam; the laser beam adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the laser emitting mechanism and is used for adjusting parameters of the emitted laser beam; the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism is arranged on the light path of the laser beam adjusted by the laser beam adjusting mechanism and is used for simulating the influence of atmosphere on the laser beam after the parameters are adjusted in the transmission process; the target adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism, which is far away from the laser beam adjusting mechanism, and is used for fixing a target and adjusting the position relation between the target and a laser beam irradiated on the target; the airflow environment simulation mechanism is arranged on one side of the target adjusting mechanism and used for simulating the airflow state around the target; and the irradiation effect measuring mechanism is used for measuring the energy of the laser beam irradiated on the target and the damage condition of the target when the laser beam irradiates the target. The invention can realize repeated development of the laser irradiation effect test under the laboratory condition.

Description

Laser irradiation effect test system and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser irradiation testing, and particularly relates to a laser irradiation effect testing system and method.
Background
The laser equipment can directionally emit laser beams to irradiate targets, so that the targets are damaged or the performance of the targets is reduced, and the equipment is novel concept equipment with high damage precision, diversified damage modes and low cost-effectiveness ratio. The research on laser irradiation efficiency is one of the core technologies for laser equipment development, and the necessary means for research development is a laser irradiation effect test. In a laser irradiation effect test, laser equipment emits a laser beam to irradiate a target, and the irradiation efficiency of the laser equipment on the target is comprehensively evaluated by measuring data such as laser power level, system tracking jitter, atmospheric turbulence effect, target physical characteristics and the like in the test process. As the laser irradiation effect test needs to meet the requirements of human resources, test sites, transportation, airspace safety and the like, the difficulty of carrying out repeated tests for many times is high, and the deep research on the irradiation effect of the laser equipment by scientific research personnel is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a laser irradiation effect test system and a laser irradiation effect test method, which can be used for realizing the purpose of repeatedly developing a laser irradiation effect test under a laboratory condition.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a laser irradiation effect testing system, including:
a laser emitting mechanism for emitting a laser beam;
the laser beam adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the laser emitting mechanism and used for adjusting parameters of the emitted laser beam;
the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism is arranged on the light path of the laser beam adjusted by the laser beam adjusting mechanism and used for simulating the influence of atmosphere on the laser beam after the parameters are adjusted in the transmission process;
the target adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism, which is far away from the laser beam adjusting mechanism, and is used for fixing a target and adjusting the position relation between the target and the laser beam irradiated on the target;
the airflow environment simulation mechanism is arranged on one side of the target adjusting mechanism and used for simulating the airflow state around the target;
and the irradiation effect measuring mechanism is used for measuring the energy of the laser beam irradiated on the target and the damage condition of the target when the laser beam irradiates the target.
Further, the laser beam adjusting mechanism comprises a focusing lens group;
the focusing mirror group comprises a plurality of focusing mirrors which are arranged in parallel, and the focusing mirror group is used for adjusting the size and the power density of the laser beams.
Further, the laser beam adjusting mechanism further comprises a reflecting mirror and a vibrator;
the vibrator is arranged on one side of the focusing mirror group far away from the laser emission mechanism;
the reflector is arranged on the vibrator and vibrates along with the vibration of the vibrator; and the reflecting mirror is used for reflecting the laser beam so that the laser beam is emitted into the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism.
Further, the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism comprises a tank body:
the bottom of the tank body is provided with a heating assembly, and the top of the tank body is provided with a cooling assembly, so that a temperature difference is formed between the top and the bottom of the tank body;
and light holes are formed in two sides of the tank body, and optical plane lenses are arranged on the light holes and used for injecting and ejecting the laser beams.
Further, optical refraction lenses are arranged on two sides of the light hole.
Further, the irradiation effect measuring mechanism comprises a spectroscope and a laser measurer:
the spectroscope is arranged between the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism and the target adjusting mechanism and is used for dividing the laser beam emitted from the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism into a first laser beam and a second laser beam;
said first laser beam being directed to said laser measuring device and said second laser beam being directed to said target;
the laser measurer is used for measuring the energy of the first laser beam and calculating the energy of the second laser beam according to the energy of the first laser beam and the splitting ratio of the first laser beam and the second laser beam.
Further, the irradiation effect measuring mechanism further includes:
the temperature rise measurer is used for measuring the temperature change of the target when the second laser beam irradiates the target;
and the high-speed camera is used for shooting the shape change of the surface of the target when the second laser beam irradiates the target.
Further, the laser measuring device further comprises a cut-off screen, and the cut-off screen is arranged on a light path of the first laser beam after being reflected by the laser measuring device.
Further, the included angle between the horizontal axis of the laser measurer and the light path of the laser beam emitted from the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism is less than 10 degrees.
Further, the gas flow environment simulation mechanism comprises a nozzle and a gas storage;
one end of the nozzle is communicated with the gas storage, and the other end of the nozzle faces the target.
The laser irradiation effect test system provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects: the laser irradiation effect testing device provided by the invention has the advantages that the parameters of the laser beam are adjusted by the laser beam adjusting mechanism, the influence of atmosphere on the laser beam transmission is simulated by the atmosphere effect simulating mechanism, and the airflow state around the target is simulated by the airflow environment simulating mechanism, so that the practical application scene of the laser equipment can be simulated, the aim of repeatedly developing the laser irradiation effect test under the laboratory condition is fulfilled, meanwhile, the irradiation effect measuring mechanism can obtain a large amount of test data, and great convenience is provided for the deep research on the irradiation efficiency of the laser equipment.
Drawings
The foregoing features, technical characteristics, advantages and implementation of a laser irradiation effect testing system will be further described in the following detailed description of preferred embodiments in a clearly understandable manner with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser irradiation effect testing system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position relationship between the target and the airflow environment simulation mechanism of the laser irradiation effect test system according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an irradiation effect measuring mechanism of a laser irradiation effect testing system according to the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1. A laser emitting mechanism; 2. a focusing lens group; 3. a mirror; 4. a vibrator; 5; an atmospheric effect simulation mechanism; 6. a target; 7. a target adjustment mechanism; 8. an airflow environment simulation mechanism; 9. a laser measurer; 10. a temperature rise measurer; 11. a high-speed camera; 12. a beam splitter; 13. and (4) stopping the screen.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings and embodiments can be derived from them without inventive effort.
For the sake of simplicity, the drawings only schematically show the parts relevant to the present invention, and they do not represent the actual structure as a product. In addition, in order to make the drawings concise and understandable, components having the same structure or function in some of the drawings are only schematically illustrated or only labeled. In this document, "one" means not only "only one" but also a case of "more than one".
According to a first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 1,
a laser irradiation effect testing system, comprising:
a laser emitting mechanism 1 for emitting a laser beam;
the laser beam adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the laser emitting mechanism 1 and is used for adjusting parameters of the emitted laser beam;
the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 is arranged on the light path of the laser beam adjusted by the laser beam adjusting mechanism and is used for simulating the influence of atmosphere on the laser beam after the parameters are adjusted in the transmission process;
the target adjusting mechanism 7 is arranged on one side of the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5, which is far away from the laser beam adjusting mechanism, and is used for fixing a target 6 and adjusting the position relation between the target 6 and the laser beam irradiated on the target 6;
an airflow environment simulation mechanism 8, provided on one side of the target adjustment mechanism 7, for simulating an airflow state around the target 6;
and an irradiation effect measuring mechanism for measuring the energy of the laser beam irradiated on the target 6 and the damage condition of the target 6 when the laser beam irradiates the target 6.
Specifically, during the test, the laser output with different power levels is realized by adjusting the current value of the laser emitting mechanism 1, and the range of the power density output by the laser emitting mechanism 1 is 10W/cm2～5000W/cm2(ii) a After the laser beam is output, the parameters of the laser beam are adjusted through the laser beam adjusting structure, then the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 is used, the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 can simulate the influence of atmosphere on the laser beam, for example, the atmospheric turbulence can cause the effects of light intensity flicker, arrival angle fluctuation, beam drift, beam expansion and the like of the laser beam, the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 can simulate the change of the laser beam caused by the atmospheric influence in practical application, then the laser beam which is changed by the atmospheric influence is irradiated on the target 6, and the airflow state around the target 6 is changed through the airflow environment simulation mechanism 8 so as to observe the damage condition of the laser beam on the target 6 under different airflow states; the target adjusting mechanism 7 can move horizontally, vertically or rotate in azimuth to adjust the position relation between the laser beam and the target 6, such as the irradiation position and the incident angle of the laser beam, and the included angle between the axis of the laser beam and the target 6 is +/-30 degrees adjustable; by the cooperation of the mechanisms, the practical application scene of the laser equipment can be simulated, so that the aim of repeatedly developing a laser irradiation effect test under a laboratory condition is fulfilled, the test result can be closer to the test result of the practical application scene by considering the influence of atmospheric effect, airflow state and the like on the laser beam, and the reliability of the test is improved; meanwhile, the irradiation effect measuring mechanism can obtain a large amount of test data, and great convenience can be provided for the deep research of the irradiation efficiency of the laser equipment.
According to a second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 1,
a laser irradiation effect testing system, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that:
the laser beam adjusting mechanism comprises a focusing lens group 2, the focusing lens group 2 comprises a plurality of focusing lenses which are arranged in parallel, and the focusing lens group 2 is used for adjusting the size and the power density of the laser beam.
Preferably, the laser beam adjusting mechanism further comprises a reflecting mirror 3 and a vibrator 4, wherein the vibrator 4 is arranged on one side of the focusing mirror group 2 far away from the laser emitting mechanism 1; the reflecting mirror 3 is arranged on the vibrator 4 and vibrates along with the vibration of the vibrator 4; and the reflecting mirror 3 is used for reflecting the laser beam so that the laser beam is incident into the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5.
Specifically, the present embodiment is an optimized embodiment of the first embodiment, and the laser beam adjusting mechanism of the present embodiment includes a focusing mirror group 2, and preferably further includes a reflecting mirror 3 and a vibrator 4; the focusing lens group 2 comprises a plurality of focusing lenses which are arranged in parallel and used for focusing the laser beams and changing the light spot size of the laser beams so as to adjust the size and the power density of the laser beams, and the adjustable range of the light spot size is 1 cm-10 cm. The reflector 3 is arranged on the vibrator 4, the vibrator 4 drives the reflector 3 to vibrate when vibrating, and when the reflector 3 vibrates, the laser beam reflected by the reflector 3 shakes, so that the shaking state of the laser beam in an actual application scene is simulated, the test result of the laser irradiation effect is closer to the result in the actual application, and the reliability of the laser irradiation effect test system is improved. The vibration frequency range of the vibrator 4 is 1Hz to 100 Hz.
According to a third embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1,
a laser irradiation effect testing system, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment or the second embodiment in that:
the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 comprises a tank body:
the bottom of the tank body is provided with a heating assembly, and the top of the tank body is provided with a cooling assembly, so that a temperature difference is formed between the top and the bottom of the tank body;
and light holes are formed in two sides of the tank body, and optical plane lenses are arranged on the light holes and used for injecting and ejecting the laser beams.
Specifically, this embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the first embodiment or the second embodiment described above, and in this embodiment, the structure of the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 is described in detail. There are many methods for simulating the atmosphere, and there are mainly an atmospheric turbulence simulator based on liquid crystal, an atmospheric turbulence simulator based on random phase shift and hot air convection, and the like. The turbulence intensity of the atmospheric turbulence simulation device can be measured by a coherence length, and for a plane wave, the following conditions are satisfied:
Figure BDA0001828956060000051
wherein, the lambda is the wavelength of light wave,
Figure BDA0001828956060000052
is the average refractive index structure constant on the transmission path, L is the transmission path length, and the average refractive index structure constant
Figure BDA0001828956060000053
Structural constant of temperature and
Figure BDA0001828956060000054
and (3) correlation, satisfying:
Figure BDA0001828956060000055
where n is the refractive index and t is the temperature, in units of degrees celsius, the principle of atmospheric turbulence simulation devices in laboratories is as described above.
Based on the above principle, the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 of this embodiment includes the cell body, and the side of cell body comprises the high temperature heat insulating board, can reduce the cell body and show with external heat exchange, and the cell body bottom is equipped with heating element, and heating element is the hot plate, and through ohmic heating, the top of cell body is equipped with cooling module, and circulation through running water or cooling water flows and reaches the systemThe purpose of cooling is to keep the top of the tank body at a constant room temperature. The bottom plate of the tank body is heated, the top plate is refrigerated, so that the temperature difference between the upper parallel plate and the lower parallel plate can be formed between the top and the bottom of the tank body, convection is generated, turbulent flow is formed when the temperature difference reaches a certain degree, and the influence of atmospheric turbulent flow on the laser beam can be simulated after the laser beam enters the tank body. The atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 can simulate the atmospheric refractive index structure constant range 10-13～10-16m-2/3。
The both sides of cell body are equipped with the light trap, are equipped with optical plane lens on the light trap, realize the transmission of laser beam. Preferably, optical refraction lenses are arranged on two sides of the light transmission hole to increase the transmission distance of the laser beam in the atmosphere in a limited space.
According to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figures 1 to 3,
a laser irradiation effect testing system, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment, the second embodiment, or the third embodiment in that:
the irradiation effect measuring mechanism comprises a spectroscope 12 and a laser measurer 9:
the spectroscope 12 is arranged between the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 and the target adjusting mechanism 7 and is used for dividing the laser beam emitted from the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 into a first laser beam and a second laser beam;
said first laser beam is directed to said laser measuring device 9 and said second laser beam is directed to said target 6;
the laser measurer 9 is configured to measure the energy of the first laser beam, and calculate the energy of the second laser beam according to the energy of the first laser beam and the splitting ratio between the first laser beam and the second laser beam.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the laser beam emitted from the atmospheric effect simulation means 5 is split by the beam splitter 12, the laser beam is split into the first laser beam and the second laser beam, the first laser beam is emitted to the laser measuring device 9, the second laser beam is emitted to the surface of the target 6, the split ratio of the first laser beam and the second laser beam can be set in advance, the laser measuring device 9 is only used for measuring the energy of the second laser beam irradiated on the surface of the target 6, therefore, the split ratio of the first laser beam is small, for example, 0.5% of the first laser beam and 99.5% of the second laser beam are emitted, and after the energy (spot distribution and spot power density) of the first laser beam is measured by the laser measurement, the split ratio of the first laser beam and the second laser beam is calculated according to the split ratio of the first laser beam and the second laser beam, And the system calibration of the laser measurer 9, the energy of the second laser beam can be calculated. In this embodiment, the energy of the first laser beam is measured by the laser measuring device 9, the energy of the laser beam irradiated on the target 6 can be measured, and then the damage condition of the target 6 is combined to obtain related test data, so that the subsequent test data can be followed to carry out deep research and theoretical analysis.
Preferably, the irradiation effect measuring mechanism further includes:
a temperature rise measurer 10 for measuring a temperature change of the target 6 when the second laser beam irradiates the target 6;
and the high-speed camera 11 is used for shooting the change of the topography of the surface of the target 6 when the second laser beam irradiates the target 6.
Specifically, the temperature rise measurer 10 is arranged on the target 6 and used for measuring the temperature change condition of the target 6 when the second laser beam irradiates the target 6, the high-speed camera 11 is arranged on one side of the light path of the second laser beam, and the included angle between the high-speed camera 11 and the light path of the second laser beam is smaller than 10 degrees, so that the high-speed camera 11 can accurately shoot the appearance change of the surface of the target 6 and can be prevented from being damaged by the influence of the second laser beam.
Preferably, the laser measuring device further comprises a cut-off screen 13, and the cut-off screen 13 is arranged on an optical path of the first laser beam after being reflected by the laser measuring device 9. The cut-off screen 13 is used for absorbing laser energy reflected by the laser measurer 9 so as to protect the safety of testers and test equipment.
Preferably, the horizontal axis of the laser measurer 9 forms an angle of less than 10 degrees with the optical path of the laser beam emitted from the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5.
Preferably, the gas flow environment simulation means 8 comprises a nozzle and a gas reservoir;
one end of the nozzle is arranged in communication with the gas reservoir and the other end of the nozzle is arranged towards the target 6.
Specifically, the gas storage is used for storing gas, one end of the nozzle is communicated with the gas storage, the other end of the nozzle is arranged towards the target 6, and during actual test, the influence of different gas flow environments on the damage condition of the target 6 can be measured by changing the gas sprayed out from the nozzle. If the gas sprayed from the nozzle is oxygen, the damage to the surface of the target 6 is more serious because the oxygen can accelerate combustion, and if the gas sprayed from the nozzle is nitrogen, the damage to the target 6 can be slowed down because the nitrogen can isolate the oxygen in the air; therefore, by changing the type of the gas, the damage of the target 6 by the laser beam under different gas flow environments can be measured. The airflow environment simulation mechanism 8 can simulate the airflow environment with the intensity of 0 m/s-100 m/s.
According to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figures 1 to 3,
a laser irradiation effect testing system, comprising:
a laser emitting mechanism 1 for emitting a laser beam;
the laser beam adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the laser emitting mechanism 1 and is used for adjusting parameters of the emitted laser beam; the laser beam adjusting mechanism comprises a focusing lens group 2;
the focusing lens group 2 comprises a plurality of focusing lenses which are arranged in parallel, and the focusing lens group 2 is used for adjusting the size and the power density of the laser beam;
the laser beam adjusting mechanism further comprises a reflecting mirror 3 and a vibrator 4;
the vibrator 4 is arranged on one side of the focusing mirror group 2 far away from the laser emission mechanism 1;
the reflecting mirror 3 is arranged on the vibrator 4 and vibrates along with the vibration of the vibrator 4; the reflecting mirror 3 is used for reflecting the laser beam and enabling the laser beam to enter the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5;
the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 is arranged on the light path of the laser beam adjusted by the laser beam adjusting mechanism and is used for simulating the influence of atmosphere on the laser beam after the parameters are adjusted in the transmission process; the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 comprises a tank body:
the bottom of the tank body is provided with a heating assembly, and the top of the tank body is provided with a cooling assembly, so that a temperature difference is formed between the top and the bottom of the tank body;
light holes are formed in two sides of the pool body, and optical plane lenses are arranged on the light holes and used for injecting and emitting the laser beams;
optical refraction lenses are arranged on two sides of the light holes;
the target adjusting mechanism 7 is arranged on one side of the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5, which is far away from the laser beam adjusting mechanism, and is used for fixing a target 6 and adjusting the position relation between the target 6 and the laser beam irradiated on the target 6;
an airflow environment simulation mechanism 8, provided on one side of the target adjustment mechanism 7, for simulating an airflow state around the target 6;
an irradiation effect measuring mechanism for measuring the energy of the laser beam irradiated on the target 6 and the damage condition of the target 6 when the laser beam irradiates the target 6;
the irradiation effect measuring mechanism comprises a spectroscope 12 and a laser measurer 9:
the spectroscope 12 is arranged between the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 and the target adjusting mechanism 7 and is used for dividing the laser beam emitted from the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 into a first laser beam and a second laser beam;
said first laser beam is directed to said laser measuring device 9 and said second laser beam is directed to said target 6;
the laser measurer 9 is configured to measure the energy of the first laser beam, and calculate the energy of the second laser beam according to the energy of the first laser beam and the splitting ratio between the first laser beam and the second laser beam;
the irradiation effect measuring mechanism further includes:
a temperature rise measurer 10 for measuring a temperature change of the target 6 when the second laser beam irradiates the target 6;
a high-speed camera 11, configured to capture a change in topography of the surface of the target 6 when the target 6 is irradiated with the second laser beam;
the included angle between the horizontal axis of the laser measurer 9 and the light path of the laser beam emitted from the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 is less than 10 degrees;
the gas flow environment simulation mechanism 8 comprises a nozzle and a gas storage;
one end of the nozzle is communicated with the gas storage, and the other end of the nozzle is arranged towards the target 6;
the system of this embodiment further includes a cut-off screen 13, and the cut-off screen 13 is disposed on the optical path of the first laser beam reflected by the laser measuring device 9.
Specifically, during the test, the test flow is as follows:
(1) laser emission mechanism 1 self-checking
The laser emission mechanism 1 (namely the laser) equipment is electrified and self-checked, laser control software is started, the software is determined to run normally, control buttons and the like work normally, and the laser has a light emitting state.
(2) Optical system alignment
The focusing mirror group 2 and the reflecting mirror 3 are adjusted according to the indicating light on the laser emission mechanism 1, so that the axis of the indicating light is superposed with the axis of the focusing mirror group 2, and the axis of the indicating light is positioned at the center of the reflecting mirror 3.
(3) Atmospheric environment parameter setting
And setting working parameters of an atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5, taking a hot air convection type atmospheric turbulence pool as an example, converting atmospheric environment parameters into a temperature difference between the top and the bottom of the pool body, and then setting the temperature of the bottom of the pool body according to the calculated temperature difference and the working temperature of the top of the pool body.
(4) Target adjustment
The target adjusting mechanism 7 is moved horizontally and vertically so that the indication light of the laser emitting mechanism 1 is positioned at the center of the target 6, and the target adjusting mechanism 7 is turned to adjust the striking position and the incident angle of the laser beam on the target 6.
(5) Establishment of flow field environment
And simulating a laser irradiation efficiency test in an air flow environment by using an air flow environment simulation mechanism 8. Taking the tangential gas flow environment as an example, other gas flow environments can be realized by adjusting the position of the nozzle, and oxygen, nitrogen or other types of gas can be selected to be connected into the nozzle according to the test requirements. The nozzle position was adjusted so that the nozzle was 5cm from the edge of the target 6 in the horizontal direction and 10cm from the front surface (laser irradiated surface) of the target 6 in the vertical direction. The air flow speed parameter is set so that the air flow environment simulation mechanism 8 has a test state.
(6) Test system set-up
The laser measurer 9 is arranged at a certain angle with the laser beam, and the included angle between the axis of the laser measurer 9 and the axis of the laser beam is not more than 10 degrees. A cut-off screen 13 was placed at a distance of 30cm from the laser measuring device 9 in the direction of the axis of the reflected light of the first laser beam so that the spot of the reflected light was located at the center of the cut-off screen 13.
And debugging the temperature rise measurer 10, wherein the temperature rise measurer 10 is a temperature thermocouple, the temperature thermocouple is laid on the back of the target 6 as required, and the signal transmission line is respectively connected with the temperature thermocouple and the data processing terminal.
The high-speed camera 11 is placed such that the angle between the axis of the high-speed camera 11 and the axis (optical path) of the second laser beam is not more than 10 degrees, and the high-speed camera 11 is located 50cm from the front surface (laser irradiation surface) of the target 6.
(7) Joint debugging of test system
Before the test starts, the atmospheric effect simulation system is started, after the system is stabilized, the laser measurer 9 is started, the temperature rise measurer 10 starts to collect data, the laser emits weak light (generally tens of watts), the position of a laser beam spot on the surface of the target 6 is observed, and if the spot exceeds the maximum size of the target 6, the position of the target 6 needs to be adjusted through the target adjusting mechanism. And starting the high-speed camera 11, recording the surface topography mark of the target 6, and if the light spot of the laser beam exceeds the view field of the high-speed camera 11, adjusting the high-speed camera 11 along the axial direction. After the joint debugging is completed, the formal test can be started.
(8) Carry out the laser irradiation test
And adjusting the movable lens of the focusing mirror group 2 according to the required laser beam size and power density, and setting the vibration frequency of the vibrator 4. And starting the laser measurer 9 and the temperature rise measurer 10 to start data acquisition. The laser outputs a laser beam according to the specified power, the high-speed camera 11 is turned on, and the laser is turned off after 8 seconds. And 3 seconds after the laser irradiation is stopped, the laser measurer 9, the temperature rise measurer 10 and the high-speed camera 11 are closed, and the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism 5 is closed.
(9) Processing of test data
And recording and storing test results. And calculating to obtain the laser parameters of the target 6 according to the calibration value of the laser measurer 9 and the splitting ratio of the spectroscope 12. And (4) combining the light-emitting time of the laser and the temperature rise data of the target 6 to obtain a laser irradiation target time-temperature rise curve. And combining the light-emitting time of the laser with the frame frequency of the high-speed camera 11 to obtain the image data of the laser irradiation target. Subsequently, deep research and theoretical analysis can be carried out according to the test data.
The system can simulate the practical application scene of the laser equipment and meet the requirement of repeatedly developing a verification test under the condition of a laboratory. The method provides an effective test means for researching the influence degree of factors such as laser power level, system tracking jitter, atmospheric turbulence effect and target physical characteristics on the irradiation efficiency of the laser equipment in the actual application scene. The device also provides an auxiliary means for deeply researching a novel damage mode of the laser equipment and obtaining a laser damage threshold value and irradiation efficiency, is one of important supporting conditions for index demonstration and system development of the laser equipment, and has important practical significance.
It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as necessary. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A laser irradiation effect test system is characterized by comprising:
a laser emitting mechanism for emitting a laser beam;
the laser beam adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the laser emitting mechanism and used for adjusting parameters of the emitted laser beam;
the laser beam adjusting mechanism comprises a focusing lens group;
the focusing mirror group comprises a plurality of focusing mirrors which are arranged in parallel, and is used for adjusting the size and the power density of the laser beam;
the laser beam adjusting mechanism further comprises a reflecting mirror and a vibrator;
the vibrator is arranged on one side of the focusing mirror group far away from the laser emission mechanism;
the reflector is arranged on the vibrator and vibrates along with the vibration of the vibrator; the reflector is used for reflecting the laser beam and enabling the laser beam to be emitted into the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism;
the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism is arranged on the light path of the laser beam adjusted by the laser beam adjusting mechanism and used for simulating the influence of atmosphere on the laser beam after the parameters are adjusted in the transmission process;
the target adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism, which is far away from the laser beam adjusting mechanism, and is used for fixing a target and adjusting the position relation between the target and the laser beam irradiated on the target;
the airflow environment simulation mechanism is arranged on one side of the target adjusting mechanism and used for simulating the airflow state around the target;
an irradiation effect measuring mechanism for measuring the energy of the laser beam irradiated on the target and the damage condition of the target when the laser beam irradiates the target;
the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism comprises a tank body:
the bottom of the tank body is provided with a heating assembly, and the top of the tank body is provided with a cooling assembly, so that a temperature difference is formed between the top and the bottom of the tank body;
light holes are formed in two sides of the pool body, and optical plane lenses are arranged on the light holes and used for injecting and emitting the laser beams;
optical refraction lenses are arranged on two sides of the light holes;
the irradiation effect measuring mechanism comprises a spectroscope and a laser measurer:
the spectroscope is arranged between the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism and the target adjusting mechanism and is used for dividing the laser beam emitted from the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism into a first laser beam and a second laser beam;
said first laser beam being directed to said laser measuring device and said second laser beam being directed to said target;
the laser measurer is used for measuring the energy of the first laser beam, calculating the energy of the second laser beam according to the energy of the first laser beam and the splitting ratio of the first laser beam to the second laser beam, and the included angle between the horizontal axis of the laser measurer and the light path of the laser beam emitted from the atmospheric effect simulation mechanism is less than 10 degrees;
the system also comprises a cut-off screen, wherein the cut-off screen is arranged on a light path of the first laser beam after being reflected by the laser measurer.
2. The laser irradiation effect test system according to claim 1, wherein the irradiation effect measuring mechanism further comprises:
the temperature rise measurer is used for measuring the temperature change of the target when the second laser beam irradiates the target;
and the high-speed camera is used for shooting the shape change of the surface of the target when the second laser beam irradiates the target.
3. The laser irradiation effect test system according to claim 1,
the gas flow environment simulation mechanism comprises a nozzle and a gas storage;
one end of the nozzle is communicated with the gas storage, and the other end of the nozzle faces the target.
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