CN109251048A - 一种高致密硅砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种高致密硅砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109251048A
CN109251048A CN201811165843.1A CN201811165843A CN109251048A CN 109251048 A CN109251048 A CN 109251048A CN 201811165843 A CN201811165843 A CN 201811165843A CN 109251048 A CN109251048 A CN 109251048A
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densit
silica brick
quartz
silica
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毕文岳
解桂涛
毕文霄
毕德纯
魏勇
毕于增
王方东
彭荣帅
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Shandong Jiayue New Materials Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高致密硅砖及其制备方法,所述高致密硅砖包括以下重量分数的组合:85~95%石英石,0.3~0.6%铜氧化物,0.3~0.6%钛氧化物,0.3~0.6%锰氧化物和0.3~0.6%铁氧化物,2~3%石灰,1%纸浆废液,1~3%含硅化合物,2~5%超细微粉。本发明的有益效果是:(1)采用本发明制备方法生产的高致密硅砖的密度较传统硅砖提高4~5%,强度提高60%以上,硅砖的热导率提高38~40%;(2)高致密硅砖的强度、密度提高,使硅砖在煅烧炉的使用过程中耐磨性得到加强,大大延长了罐壁的使用寿命;(3)高致密硅砖在产出同样产量的情况下煅烧温度可降低40℃,而煅烧温度的降低所产生的NOx气体将会减少,因此在大气环保方面也具有良好的社会效益。

Description

一种高致密硅砖及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于耐火材料技术领域,具体的说涉及一种高致密硅砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
煅烧炉是碳素行业中石油焦原料的主要煅烧设备,因为硅砖具有良好的高温体积稳定性,高的荷重软化点等特性,在煅烧炉砌筑中以硅砖为主。硅砖已被证明作为煅烧炉长期使用的优秀材料。然而硅砖作为煅烧炉使用的主要耐火材料,还存在一个缺点,就是致密性、热导率不是很高。这是由于作为硅砖原料的石英在受热时要发生晶形转变和膨胀造成,所以普通硅砖的致密性和热导率很难得到提高。近年来石油焦的硫分含量呈现增高的趋势,而石油焦在煅烧过程中硫的含量越低,石油焦的煅烧质量越好。为得到高质高量的石油焦煅后产品,煅烧炉的罐数和煅烧炉的罐壁容积也越来越大,相应的煅烧温度也需要提高。为适应现在煅烧炉的使用要求,迫切需要提高硅砖的致密性和导热率。高致密硅砖传递的热量比普通硅砖的要多,在煅烧过程中煅烧温度也可以适当的降低;致密性的提高,也可以提高硅砖的耐磨性,煅烧炉的使用寿命也得到相应的提高;随着煅烧温度的降低,排放到大气中的NOx气体必然会减少。因此,高致密硅砖在节能的同时也起到了环保的作用。
目前市场上的高致密硅砖不能满足煅烧炉的要求,亟需解决制备工艺,制造出符合生产需要的高致密硅砖。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为克服上述现有技术的不足,提供了一种高致密硅砖及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用下述技术方案:一种高致密硅砖,包括以下重量分数的组合:85~95%石英石,0.3~0.6%铜氧化物 ,0.3~0.6%钛氧化物 ,0.3~0.6%锰氧化物和0.3~0.6%铁氧化物,2~3%石灰,1%纸浆废液,1~3%含硅化合物,2~5%超细微粉。
作为优化的,所述石英石为东北石英石、河南石英石、湖北石英石的混合物,质量比为2~3:2~3:1。
作为优化的,所述铜氧化物、钛氧化物、锰氧化物、铁氧化物、含硅化合物粒度为180~300目;所述超细微粉粒度为1000~1200目。
作为优化的,所述铜氧化物为氧化铜;所述钛氧化物为二氧化钛;所述锰氧化物为三氧化二锰;
作为优化的,所述铁氧化物为三氧化二铁和氧化亚铁的混合物,其比例为1:1~2。
作为优化的,所述含硅化合物为碳化硅、氧化硅、金属硅中的一种或多种。
作为优化的,所述石灰使用时调制成比重为1.25~1.30g/cm3的石灰乳;所述纸浆废液的比重为1.24~1.26g/cm3
一种高致密硅砖的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将石英石按照比例破碎成不同粒度的石英石颗粒料;
(2)将石英石与铜氧化物、钛氧化物、锰氧化物、铁氧化物、石灰、纸浆废液、含硅化合物、超细微粉搅拌均匀;
(3)采用压力机将步骤(2)中的泥料经过成型工序、干燥工序、烧结工序制得成品。
作为优化的,所述步骤(1)中石英石破碎后粒度比例为2~5%2~3mm、18~30%1~2mm、19~30%0.1~0.5mm、37~50%0~0.1mm。
作为优化的,步骤(2)中的首先将含硅化合物加入石英石颗粒料中搅拌3~4mim,加入铁氧化物、铜氧化物、锰氧化物、钛氧化物继续搅拌2~3min,加入石灰乳继续搅拌1~2min,然后加入纸浆搅拌均匀,3~5min后加入超细微粉继续搅拌10~20min直至搅拌均匀。
作为优化的,步骤(3)中所述成型工序中根据成品的重量选择不同型号的压力机,单重小于6kg的成品,成型时采用400吨压力机;单重6~12kg的成品,成型时采用500吨压力机;单重大于12kg的成品,成型时采用600吨及以上压力机。
作为优化的,步骤(3)中所述烧结工序采用弱氧化气氛烧成。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)采用本发明制备方法生产的高致密硅砖的密度较传统硅砖提高4~5%,强度提高60%以上,硅砖的热导率提高38~40%;
(2)高致密硅砖的强度、密度提高,使硅砖在煅烧炉的使用过程中耐磨性得到加强,大大延长了罐壁的使用寿命;
(3)高致密硅砖在产出同样产量的情况下煅烧温度可降低40℃,而煅烧温度的降低所产生的NOx气体将会减少,因此在大气环保方面也具有良好的社会效益。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
一种高致密硅砖,包括以下重量分数的组合:
将450kg石英石破碎成不同粒度的石英石颗粒料,其中2%2~3mm、18%1~2mm、30%0.1~0.5mm、50%0~0.1mm。所述石英石为东北石英石、河南石英石、湖北石英石的混合物,质量比为2:2:1,将12.5kg石灰调制成比重为1.27g/cm3的石灰乳,将10kg含氮化硅加入石英石颗粒料中搅拌3~4mim,加入1.5kg氧化铜、1.5kg三氧化二锰、1.5kg二氧化钛、1kg三氧化二铁、2kg氧化亚铁继续搅拌2~3min,加入石灰乳继续搅拌1~2min,然后加入5kg比重为1.25g/cm3纸浆废液搅拌均匀,3~5min后加入15kg超细微粉继续搅拌10~20min直至搅拌均匀得到泥料。所述氧化铜、二氧化钛、三氧化二锰、铁氧化物、碳化硅粒度为180目;所述超细微粉粒度为1000目。采用压力机将泥料采用400吨压力机成型、干燥、采用弱氧化气氛烧结制得单重小于6kg成品。
作为优化的,步骤(3)中所述成型工序中根据成品的重量选择不同型号的压力机,单重小于6kg的成品,成型时采用400吨压力机;单重6~12kg的成品,成型时采用500吨压力机;单重大于12kg的成品,成型时采用600吨及以上压力机。
实施例2
将461kg石英石破碎成不同粒度的石英石颗粒料,其中5%2~3mm、30%1~2mm、19%0.1~0.5mm、46%0~0.1mm。所述石英石为东北石英石、河南石英石、湖北石英石的混合物,质量比为3:2:1,将10kg石灰调制成比重为1.30g/cm3的石灰乳,将5kg含氮化硅加入石英石颗粒料中搅拌3~4mim,加入2.5kg氧化铜、3kg三氧化二锰、2kg二氧化钛、0.75kg三氧化二铁、0.75kg氧化亚铁继续搅拌2~3min,加入石灰乳继续搅拌1~2min,然后加入5kg比重为1.25g/cm3纸浆废液搅拌均匀,3~5min后加入10kg超细微粉继续搅拌10~20min直至搅拌均匀得到泥料。所述氧化铜、二氧化钛、三氧化二锰、铁氧化物、碳化硅粒度为250目;所述超细微粉粒度为1100目。采用压力机将泥料采用500吨压力机成型、干燥、采用弱氧化气氛烧结制得单重小于9kg成品。
实施例3
将430kg石英石破碎成不同粒度的石英石颗粒料,其中3%2~3mm、25%1~2mm、25%0.1~0.5mm、47%0~0.1mm。所述石英石为东北石英石、河南石英石、湖北石英石的混合物,质量比为2:3:1,将15kg石灰调制成比重为1.25g/cm3的石灰乳,将15kg含氮化硅加入石英石颗粒料中搅拌3~4mim,加入3kg氧化铜、2kg三氧化二锰、3kg二氧化钛、1kg三氧化二铁、1kg氧化亚铁继续搅拌2~3min,加入石灰乳继续搅拌1~2min,然后加入5kg比重为1.25g/cm3纸浆废液搅拌均匀,3~5min后加入25kg超细微粉继续搅拌10~20min直至搅拌均匀得到泥料。所述氧化铜、二氧化钛、三氧化二锰、铁氧化物、碳化硅粒度为300目;所述超细微粉粒度为1200目。采用压力机将泥料采用600吨压力机成型、干燥、采用弱氧化气氛烧结制得单重小于12kg成品。
表1 高致密硅砖的性能指标
项目 单位 普通硅砖 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3
体积密度 g/cm3 1.81 1.88 1.90 1.89
耐压强度 Mpa 49.1 79.5 79.2 78.9
0.2MPA荷重软化开始温度 1668 1690 1685 1673
热膨胀 % 1.28 1.26 1.26 1.26
热导率 热面温度1100℃ W/m·K 1.78 2.48 2.46 2.46
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种高致密硅砖,其特征在于,所述高致密硅砖包括以下重量分数的组合:85~95%石英石,0.3~0.6%铜氧化物 ,0.3~0.6%钛氧化物 ,0.3~0.6%锰氧化物和0.3~0.6%铁氧化物,2~3%石灰,1%纸浆废液,1~3%含硅化合物,2~5%超细微粉。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高致密硅砖,其特征在于,所述石英石为东北石英石、河南石英石、湖北石英石的混合物,质量比为2~3:2~3:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种高致密硅砖,其特征在于,所述铜氧化物、钛氧化物、锰氧化物、铁氧化物、含硅化合物粒度为180~300目;所述超细微粉粒度为1000~1200目。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高致密硅砖,其特征在于,所述铜氧化物为氧化铜;所述钛氧化物为二氧化钛;所述锰氧化物为三氧化二锰。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种高致密硅砖,其特征在于,所述铁氧化物为三氧化二铁和氧化亚铁的混合物,其比例为1:1~2;所述含硅化合物为碳化硅、氧化硅、金属硅中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种高致密硅砖,其特征在于,所述石灰使用时调制成比重为1.25~1.30g/cm3的石灰乳;所述纸浆废液的比重为1.24~1.26g/cm3
7.根据权利要求1~6所述的一种高致密硅砖的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将石英石按照比例破碎成不同粒度的石英石颗粒料;
(2)将石英石与铜氧化物、钛氧化物、锰氧化物、铁氧化物、石灰、纸浆废液、含硅化合物、超细微粉搅拌均匀;
(3)采用压力机将步骤(2)中的泥料经过成型、干燥、烧结工序制得成品。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种高致密硅砖的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中石英石破碎后粒度比例为2~5%2~3mm、18~30%1~2mm、19~30%0.1~0.5mm、37~50%0~0.1mm。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种高致密硅砖及其制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中的首先将含硅化合物加入石英石颗粒料中搅拌3~4mim,加入铁氧化物、铜氧化物、锰氧化物、钛氧化物继续搅拌2~3min,加入石灰乳继续搅拌1~2min,然后加入纸浆搅拌均匀,3~5min后加入超细微粉继续搅拌10~20min直至搅拌均匀。
10.根据权利要求7所述的一种高致密硅砖及其制备方法,其特征在于,所述烧结工序采用弱氧化气氛烧成。
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