CN109238902A - A kind of extension spring-type molecule impact experiment apparatus - Google Patents
A kind of extension spring-type molecule impact experiment apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN109238902A CN109238902A CN201811292183.3A CN201811292183A CN109238902A CN 109238902 A CN109238902 A CN 109238902A CN 201811292183 A CN201811292183 A CN 201811292183A CN 109238902 A CN109238902 A CN 109238902A
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001875 Ebonite Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005439 Perspex® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental provisions, and in particular to a kind of extension spring-type molecule impact experiment apparatus belongs to erosive wear technical field.The present invention can emit individual particle impact target body surface face, and the dynamic process of particle is captured using high-speed camera；Impact velocity, angle of attack and the orientation angles of particle can be effectively adjusted, realization variable is controllable, finally obtains influence of the impact parameters such as angle of attack, orientation angles, impact velocity to particle bounce behavior and erosion pit.Experiment discovery: the angle of attack and orientation angles of hard angle-style particle determine the direction of rotation of particle bounce after impact, including preceding rotation rotation and back spin rotation, and the different corresponding Erosion Wear Mechanisms in direction of rotation are different；The impact velocity of hard angle-style particle determines pit size left by target body surface after impact, and speed is bigger, and pit is bigger, caused by erosive wear it is more serious, but impact velocity has substantially no effect on the chamfered shape of pit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental provisions, and in particular to a kind of extension spring-type molecule impact experiment apparatus belongs to punching
Lose abrasion techniques field.
Background technique
Material caused by erosive wear refers to the collision of the molecule in liquid stream or air-flow above the material eliminate phenomenon or
Process.It is prevalent in each industry scope as a kind of common wear phenomenon, has become material and crushes or equip mistake
The one of the major reasons of effect.The feature of erosive wear maximum is that it has a longer incubation period, i.e., after granule impact target body
Material will not be lost at the beginning, wait material after the accumulation that have passed through a period of time that erosive wear can just occur.And it studies single
The impact process of angle-style particle facilitates the deep mechanism for understanding that material removes during erosive wear.
The country is more early for erosion experiment development, and that makes fast progress has China University Of Petroleum Beijing, the research of Chinese Academy of Sciences's metal
Institute etc., but the experimental provision designed is conceived to a large amount of particles to the impact process of target body, by the macroscopic view for testing target body quality
Consumption assesses Erosive Properties, is unfavorable for the research of Erosion Mechanism.Therefore, the present invention devises a kind of tension spring and declines
Little particle impact experiment apparatus can emit individual particle impact target body surface face, and the wink of particle is captured using high-speed camera
State process.The device lays particular emphasis on the microcosmic impact erosion process of particle, can effectively adjust impact velocity, the angle of shock of particle
Degree and orientation angles, realization variable is controllable, finally obtains the impact parameters pair such as angle of attack, orientation angles, impact velocity
The influence of particle bounce behavior and erosion pit.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: single angle-style particle can be studied by how providing one kind
Impact process, and the impact parameters such as angle of attack, orientation angles, impact velocity can be obtained to particle bounce behavior and punching
Lose the experimental provision that pit influences.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of extension spring-type molecule impact experiment apparatus, the technology used
Scheme is as follows:
A kind of extension spring-type molecule impact experiment apparatus, including particle bounce device and high-speed imaging device, described
Grain catapult-launching gear includes experiment sewing platform base, relieving mechanism, first baffle, spring setter plate, second baffle, spring, sliding block, particle
Bracket, limited block, target body, target body fixed plate, rectangular washer, target body bolt, bracket, bracket screw, protection plate bolt, protection
Plate, handle, lock-screw, rotating bar, described test are provided with one for installing the sliding slot and cunning of relieving mechanism on sewing platform base
Slot is T-shaped structure, and the relieving mechanism realizes the positioning and release of sliding block by sliding in sliding slot, and the spring setter plate is solid
Dingan County is connected mounted in first baffle and second baffle upper surface, one end of the spring with spring setter plate lower surface, the other end
It is connected with sliding block upper surface, one is provided among the spring setter plate and is used for the rectangle square hole that molecule passes through, it is described
First baffle, second baffle are fixedly mounted on experiment sewing platform base and are symmetrically disposed on the two sides of sliding block, the first baffle
On be provided with the baffle positioning hole passed through for relieving mechanism release lever, the first baffle and second baffle relative inner
It is respectively arranged with the limited block that one is firmly connected with it and two limited blocks is symmetrical arranged, a side of the sliding block and the
The medial surface of one baffle is bonded, another side is bonded with the medial surface of second baffle, and the sliding block can be below limited block, the
It moves up and down between one baffle and second baffle, the arc that the particle bracket is movably arranged on the setting of upper end of slide block centre is recessed
In slot, the particle bracket can rotate in arc groove, be respectively arranged with a use on two opposite flanks of the sliding block
In the handle for moving down sliding block, the lock-screw is mounted in the second through-hole, passes through the worm drive between the second through-hole
Particle bracket is locked, the rotating bar passes through first through hole and is interference fitted with rotating bar mounting hole and matches with first through hole gap
It closes, realizes that particle bracket rotates in arc groove by rotary motion bar, the particle bracket is for placing the micro- of experiment
Little particle, wherein experiment is the square hard angle-style particle of equal thickness with molecule, when relieving mechanism is along the chute to outward transport
When moving the sliding block location hole for being detached from sliding block, the molecule placed on particle bracket is moved upwardly together with sliding block, works as sliding block
It flies out upwards after limited block above striking from the rectangle square hole of spring setter plate and impacts target body lower surface, the particle bracket
Upper end kerf being adjusted according to molecule shape, the target body is set to above sliding block and passes through rectangular pad
Piece and target body bolt are fixedly mounted on target body fixed plate lower end, and the target body fixed plate is rack-mount by bracket screw,
The bracket is fixedly mounted on experiment sewing platform base, and the protective plate is rack-mount by three protection plate bolts, is used for
Prevent molecule from hurting experimenter or high-speed camera when flying out to high-speed camera direction.The high-speed imaging device packet
High-speed camera, camera support and light source are included, the high-speed camera is placed on camera support, and the light source is set to not
The position of Germicidal efficacy is influenced, the high-speed camera selects the Japanese NAC high-speed camera of model HX-7s, for capturing
The motion profile of molecule.
The relieving mechanism includes slide plate, support plate, release lever, and the support plate is fixedly connected on slide plate upper end, described
Release lever is fixedly connected on the supporting plate, and the structure size of the slide plate and the structure size of sliding slot are adapted, the release lever
For solid polished rod, diameter is equal with the diameter in baffle positioning hole and its axis is overlapped with the axis in baffle positioning hole.
The sliding block includes slider body, sliding block location hole, arc groove, first through hole, the second through-hole, the sliding block sheet
A sliding block location hole is provided on one side of body, the sliding block location hole is cylindrical hole, diameter and release lever
Diameter it is equal, the arc groove is set to slider body upper surface centre, and the first through hole is opened with the second through-hole
It is located at slider body upper end and coaxial line, the first through hole is unthreaded hole, and the second through-hole is threaded hole, and the arc groove is under
Square semi-circular recesses and top rectangular recess are constituted.
The particle bracket includes bracket body, rotating bar mounting hole, V-groove, and the bracket body the center point is provided with
Rotating bar mounting hole, the rotating bar mounting hole are blind hole, and the side of the bracket body includes cylindrical surface and tangent plane, is being cut
Planar central position is provided with V-groove, and the end surface shape of the V-groove is isosceles right triangle, the bracket body it is outer
Cylindrical surface diameter is equal with the inner cylinder face diameter of arc groove.
The target body fixed plate includes rectangular slab, track type straight trough, rectangular slab mounting hole, the middle position of the rectangular slab
It is provided with track type straight trough, is symmetrically arranged with a rectangular slab mounting hole, the square on two opposite flanks of the rectangular slab
Shape plate mounting hole is threaded hole and is blind hole, leads to the target body bolt and target body and target body fixed plate are fixed together, convenient for dress
It unloads target body and replaces the target body of different materials.
The branch is provided with two and is symmetrically mounted on target body fixed plate two sides, including supporting plate, protective plate mounting hole, first
Mounting hole, the second mounting hole, the supporting plate are L-shaped structure, and the upper end is for installing target body fixed plate and protective plate, lower end and reality
It tests sewing platform base to weld together, the supporting plate upper end setting is there are three the protective plate mounting hole for installing protective plate and is used for
It is mounted on the first mounting hole or the second mounting hole of target body fixed plate, the structure size of first mounting hole and the second mounting hole
Identical and be threaded hole, the bracket setting there are two mounting hole makes target body tool, and there are two operating positions.
7075 aerolite of material selection of the sliding block；The material selection excellent corrosion of the experiment sewing platform base
316L stainless steel plate more；The material selection vulcanie of the limited block；The material selection perspex steel of the protective plate
Plate；The material 316L stainless steel plate of selecting corrosion resistance superior of the first baffle, second baffle；The material of the target body
Material selects AA3003 aluminium alloy；The molecule selects W18Cr4V high-speed steel.
The present invention has the advantage that
(1) present invention can emit individual particle impact target body surface face, and the dynamic of particle is captured using high-speed camera
Process；Impact velocity, angle of attack and the orientation angles of particle can be effectively adjusted, realization variable is controllable, final
Influence to impact parameters such as angle of attack, orientation angles, impact velocitys to particle bounce behavior and erosion pit.
(2) angle of attack of experiment discovery hard angle-style particle and orientation angles determine the rotation of particle bounce after impact
Direction, including preceding rotation rotation and back spin rotation, the different corresponding Erosion Wear Mechanisms in direction of rotation are different.It is in particular in: no
Same azimuth and the angle of shock, it is different to the erosive wear caused by behind particles hit target body surface；Azimuth and the angle of shock are not
Together, the direction of rotation behind particles hit target body surface is different, and pit caused by particle back rotation is shallower, and causes material table
The cutting in face；Pit caused by particle rotates forward is deeper, and causes the accumulation of material.
(3) pit left by target body surface is big after the impact velocity of experiment discovery hard angle-style particle determines impact
Small, speed is bigger, and pit is bigger, caused by erosive wear it is more serious, but impact velocity has substantially no effect on the chamfered shape of pit.
(4) this experimental provision uses Vertical Launch mode, so that compact-sized, area occupied is smaller, convenient in laboratory
It is inside tested, cost is relatively low, convenient for promoting the use of；This experimental provision and experimental method mention for the research of particle Erosion Mechanism
A kind of effective means is supplied.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention without any creative labor, may be used also for those of ordinary skill in the art
To obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1: overall structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2: the structural schematic diagram of particle bounce device of the invention；
Fig. 3: the structural schematic diagram after particle bounce device sliding block release of the invention；
Fig. 4: the side view after particle bounce device sliding block release of the invention；
Fig. 5: the structural schematic diagram before particle bounce device sliding block release of the invention；
Fig. 6: the side view before particle bounce device sliding block release of the invention；
Fig. 7: the structural schematic diagram of sliding block connecting portion of the invention；
Fig. 8: the structural schematic diagram of target body fixed plate connecting portion of the invention；
Fig. 9: the structural schematic diagram of relieving mechanism of the invention；
Figure 10: the structural schematic diagram of bracket of the invention；
Figure 11: the structural schematic diagram of sliding block of the invention；
Figure 12: the cross-sectional view of sliding block of the invention；
Figure 13: the structural schematic diagram of particle bracket of the invention；
Figure 14: the flip angle schematic diagram one of molecule of the invention；
Figure 15: the flip angle schematic diagram two of molecule of the invention；
Figure 16: the particle motion trajectory that high-speed camera captures.
Symbol description:
1, particle bounce device, 2, high-speed imaging device, 101, experiment sewing platform base, 102, relieving mechanism, 103, first gear
Plate, 104, spring setter plate, 105, second baffle, 106, spring, 107, sliding block, 108, particle bracket, 109, limited block, 110,
Target body, 111, target body fixed plate, 112, rectangular washer, 113, target body bolt, 114, bracket, 115, bracket screw, 116, protection
Plate bolt, 117, protective plate, 118, handle, 119, lock-screw, 120, rotating bar, 201, high-speed camera, 202, camera branch
Frame, 101.1, sliding slot, 102.1, slide plate, 102.2, support plate, 102.3, release lever, 103.1, baffle positioning hole, 104.1, square
Shape square hole, 107.1, slider body, 107.2, sliding block location hole, 107.3, arc groove, 107.4, first through hole, 107.5
Two through-holes, 108.1, bracket body, 108.2, rotating bar mounting hole, 108.3, V-groove, 111.1, rectangular slab, 111.2, runway
Shape straight trough, 111.3, rectangular slab mounting hole, 114.1, supporting plate, 114.2, protective plate mounting hole, the 114.3, first mounting hole,
114.4 second mounting holes.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Description and claims of this specification and term " first " in above-mentioned attached drawing, " second ", etc. be for area
Not similar object, without being used to describe a particular order or precedence order.It should be understood that the data used in this way are appropriate
In the case of can be interchanged, so that the embodiment of the present invention described herein for example can be with that in addition to illustrating or describing herein
Sequence other than a little is implemented.In addition, term " includes " and " having " and their any deformation, it is intended that covering is non-exclusive
Include, for example, the process, method, system, product or equipment for containing a series of steps or units are not necessarily limited to clearly arrange
Those of out step or unit, but may include be not clearly listed or it is solid for these process, methods, product or equipment
The other step or units having.
The invention will be further described with example with reference to the accompanying drawing:
As illustrated in figs. 1-16, a kind of extension spring-type molecule impact experiment apparatus of the present invention, including particle bounce device 1 with
High-speed imaging device 2, the particle bounce device 1 include experiment sewing platform base 101, relieving mechanism 102, first baffle 103, spring
Setter plate 104, second baffle 105, spring 106, sliding block 107, particle bracket 108, limited block 109, target body 110, target body are fixed
Plate 111, rectangular washer 112, target body bolt 113, bracket 114, bracket screw 115, protection plate bolt 116, protective plate 117,
Hand 118, lock-screw 119, rotating bar 120 are provided with one on the experiment sewing platform base 101 for installing relieving mechanism 102
Sliding slot 101.1 and sliding slot 101.1 be T-shaped structure, the relieving mechanism 102 pass through in sliding slot 101.1 sliding realize sliding block
107 positioning and release, the spring setter plate 104 are fixedly mounted on first baffle 103 and 105 upper surface of second baffle, institute
The one end for stating spring 106 is connected with 104 lower surface of spring setter plate, and the other end is connected with 107 upper surface of sliding block, the spring peace
It sets and is provided with one among plate 104 for the rectangle square hole 104.1 that molecule passes through, the first baffle 103, second baffle
105 are fixedly mounted on experiment sewing platform base 101 and are symmetrically disposed on the two sides of sliding block 107, avoid spring 106 in experimentation
Middle double swerve and influence experimental result, one is provided on the first baffle 103 for 102 release lever of relieving mechanism
The 102.3 baffle positioning holes 103.1 passed through, the first baffle 103 are respectively arranged with one with 105 relative inner of second baffle
The limited block 109 being firmly connected with it and two limited blocks 109 are symmetrical arranged, a side of the sliding block 107 and first gear
The medial surface of plate 103 is bonded, another side is bonded with the medial surface of second baffle 105, and the sliding block 107 can be in limited block
It moves up and down between 109 lower sections, first baffle 103 and second baffle 105, the particle bracket 108 is movably arranged on sliding block 107
In the arc groove 107.3 of upper end centre setting, it is ensured that the molecule of transmitting can impact on target body 110, and described
Grain bracket 108 can rotate in arc groove 107.3, be respectively arranged with a use on two opposite flanks of the sliding block 107
In the handle 118 for moving down sliding block 107, the lock-screw 119 is mounted in the second through-hole 107.5, by leading to second
Particle bracket 108 is locked in worm drive between hole 107.5, and the rotating bar 120 passes through first through hole 107.4 and rotating bar is installed
Hole 108.2 interference fit and with 107.4 clearance fit of first through hole, by rotary motion bar 120 realize particle bracket 108 in arc
Rotation in connected in star 107.3, the particle bracket 108 are used to place the molecule of experiment, wherein molecule is used in experiment
For the square hard angle-style particle of equal thickness, when relieving mechanism 102 101.1 moves outwardly to be detached from sliding block 107 along the chute
When sliding block location hole 107.2, the molecule placed on particle bracket 108 is moved upwardly together with sliding block 107, when sliding block 107
It flies out upwards after limited block 109 above striking from the rectangle square hole 104.1 of spring setter plate 104 and impacts 110 following table of target body
Face, the upper end kerf of the particle bracket 108 being adjusted according to molecule shape, the target body 110 is arranged
111 lower end of target body fixed plate, the target are fixedly mounted on above sliding block 107 and through rectangular washer 112 and target body bolt 113
Body fixed plate 111 is mounted on bracket 114 by bracket screw 115, and the bracket 114 is fixedly mounted on experiment sewing platform base 101
On, the protective plate 117 is mounted on bracket 114 by three protection plate bolts 116, for preventing molecule to taking the photograph at a high speed
201 direction of camera hurts experimenter or high-speed camera 201 when flying out.The high-speed imaging device 2 includes high-speed camera
201, camera support 202 and light source, the high-speed camera 201 are placed on camera support 202, and the light source is set to not
The position of Germicidal efficacy is influenced, the high-speed camera 201 selects the Japanese NAC high-speed camera of model HX-7s, for catching
Catch the motion profile of molecule, 300,000 frames of highest frame number/s, wherein up to 4000 frames/s under 1280 × 720 resolution ratio, it can
To reach the observation effect of high quality.
The relieving mechanism 102 includes slide plate 102.1, support plate 102.2, release lever 102.3, the support plate 102.2
It is fixedly connected on 102.1 upper end of slide plate, the release lever 102.3 is fixedly connected in support plate 102.2, the slide plate 102.1
Structure size and sliding slot 101.1 structure size be adapted, the release lever 102.3 be solid polished rod, diameter and baffle
The diameter of location hole 103.1 is equal and its axis is overlapped with the axis in baffle positioning hole 103.1.
The sliding block 107 includes slider body 107.1, sliding block location hole 107.2, arc groove 107.3, first through hole
107.4, the second through-hole 107.5 is provided with a sliding block location hole 107.2, institute on a side of the slider body 107.1
Stating sliding block location hole 107.2 is cylindrical hole, and diameter is equal with the diameter of release lever 102.3, the arc groove 107.3
It is set to 107.1 upper surface centre of slider body, the first through hole 107.4 and the second through-hole 107.5 are provided with sliding block
107.1 upper end of ontology and coaxial line, the first through hole 107.4 are unthreaded hole, and the second through-hole 107.5 is threaded hole, the arc
Groove 107.3 is made of lower section semi-circular recesses and top rectangular recess.
The particle bracket 108 includes bracket body 108.1, rotating bar mounting hole 108.2, V-groove 108.3, the support
108.1 the center point of frame ontology is provided with rotating bar mounting hole 108.2, and the rotating bar mounting hole 108.2 is blind hole, the bracket
The side of ontology 108.1 includes cylindrical surface and tangent plane, and tangent plane center is provided with V-groove 108.3, the V-groove
108.3 end surface shape is isosceles right triangle, the external cylindrical surface diameter and arc groove of the bracket body 108.1
107.3 inner cylinder face diameter is equal.
The target body fixed plate 111 includes rectangular slab 111.1, track type straight trough 111.2, rectangular slab mounting hole 111.3, institute
The middle position for stating rectangular slab 111.1 is provided with track type straight trough 111.2, on two opposite flanks of the rectangular slab 111.1
It is symmetrically arranged with a rectangular slab mounting hole 111.3, the rectangular slab mounting hole 111.3 is threaded hole and is blind hole, is led to described
Target body 110 and target body fixed plate 111 are fixed together by target body bolt 113, convenient for handling target body 110 and replacement different materials
Target body 110.
The bracket 114 sets there are two and is symmetrically mounted on 111 two sides of target body fixed plate, including supporting plate 114.1, protective plate
Mounting hole 114.2, the first mounting hole 114.3, the second mounting hole 114.4, the supporting plate 114.1 are L-shaped structure, and the upper end is used for
Target body fixed plate 111 and protective plate 117 are installed, lower end welds together with experiment sewing platform base 101,114.1 upper end of supporting plate
It is arranged that there are three the protective plate mounting hole 114.2 for installing protective plate 117 and for being mounted on target body fixed plate 111
One mounting hole 114.3 or the second mounting hole 114.4, the structure size of first mounting hole 114.3 and the second mounting hole 114.4
Identical and be threaded hole, the setting of bracket 114 there are two mounting hole makes the tool of target body 110, and there are two operating positions.
7075 aerolite of material selection of the sliding block 107, there is higher intensity and lesser density；The experiment
The superior 316L stainless steel plate of the material selection corrosion resistance of sewing platform base 101；The material selection hard rubber of the limited block 109
Glue can increase substantially its service life；The material selection organic glass steel plate of the protective plate 117, transparent material can
Guarantee to capture under the premise of experiment safety convenient for high-speed camera 201；The material of the first baffle 103, second baffle 105
The 316L stainless steel plate for selecting corrosion resistance superior；The material selection AA3003 aluminium alloy of the target body 110, the material
Intensity is lower, and the material is soft, deforms under the impact of hard particles and more significantly facilitates Germicidal efficacy；The molecule is selected
W18Cr4V high-speed steel, the hardness are much higher than the hardness of 110 material of target body and are not plastically deformed in impact, cut using line
It cuts processing method and produces several molecules of different shapes.
This experimental provision research object is impact experiment of the hard angle-style particle to target body 110 of equal thickness, single to realize
The transmitting and observation of a hard angle-style particle, the elastic potential energy that the extension spring 106 that the present invention uses generates are converted into upward fortune
Dynamic component (including sliding block 107, particle bracket 108, hard angle-style particle, handle 118, lock-screw 119, rotating bar 120)
Kinetic energy and gravitional force (ignore the energy loss that friction generates), wherein instantaneous velocity when hard angle-style particle projects with
The instantaneous velocity that other move upwards component (such as sliding block 107, particle bracket 108) is consistent, stops to collide limited block 109
Instantaneous velocity before movement, hard angle-style particle impact 110 lower surface of target body after projecting, and using high-speed motion picture camera 201 come
The dynamic process before and after hard angle-style granule impact is captured, as shown in figure 16.The experimental provision that the present invention designs can be by spring
106 elastic potential energy is changed into the kinetic energy and gravitional force for moving upwards component, specifically: 106 lower end of spring is connected and is slided
Block 107 is placed with particle bracket 108 on sliding block 107, and particle bracket 108 is locked by lock-screw 119, using handle 118 by bullet
Spring 106 is depressed into sliding block location hole 107.2 and baffle positioning hole 103.1 to timing, and sliding relieving mechanism 102 makes itself and first gear
103 side of plate is bonded to realize that sliding block 107 positions, and spring 106 generates certain elastic potential energy at this time.When sliding in and out machine for releasing
Sliding block 107 is released when structure 102, and spring 106 drives sliding block 107 to move upwards in the presence of a tensile force at this time, when it strikes
Stop motion when two limited blocks 109 in top, but the molecule placed on particle bracket 108 due to inertia keep impact before
Speed continues to fly out, and with certain speed impacts target body 110, and generates erosion attack to it.
The experimental provision can study the influence of the On Erosions such as angle of attack, orientation angles, impact velocity.Specific table
It is now as follows: it is the definition of azimuth and the angle of shock first, as shown in figs. 14-15, hard angle-style particle incident direction and hard angle
The cornerwise angle of type particle isThe angle of hard angle-style particle diagonal line and 110 working face normal of target body is azimuth angle theta；Firmly
The angle of matter angle-style particle incident direction and 110 working face of target body is angle of shock α；The angle of target body 110 working face and horizontal plane
For γ.
(1) influence of angle of attack On Erosion；Target body fixed plate 111 is by symmetrical two bracket screws 115
It is fixed, it can be driven by rotation target body fixed plate 111 fixed thereon around the axial line rotation of two bracket screws 115
Target body 110 rotates synchronously, and then changes the angle γ of 110 working face of target body and horizontal plane.Due to hard angle-style particle incidence side
To straight up, angle of shock α can be changed in the angle γ by changing 110 working face of target body and horizontal plane always, meet relationship
Formula: α=90 °-γ.By hard angle-style particle under different angle of shock α to the impact experiment of target body 110, angle of attack pair is completed
The research work that erosive wear influences.
(2) influence of orientation angles On Erosion；Particle bracket 108 is movably arranged on 107 upper end centre of sliding block and sets
In the arc groove 107.3 set, realize that particle bracket 108 rotates in arc groove 107.3 by rotary motion bar 120, into
And change hard angle-style particle incident direction and the cornerwise angle of hard angle-style particleIn the item for keeping angle of shock α constant
Under part, by changing hard angle-style particle incident direction and the cornerwise angle of hard angle-style particleChange azimuth angle theta, when
When the cornerwise angle of hard angle-style particle is on the left of hard angle-style particle incident direction, θ withMeet relational expression:As shown in figure 14；When the cornerwise angle of hard angle-style particle is right in hard angle-style particle incident direction
When side, θ withMeet relational expression:As shown in figure 15.Pass through hard angle-style particle pair under different orientations θ
The impact experiment of target body 110 completes the research work that orientation angles On Erosion influences.
(3) influence of impact velocity On Erosion；Under conditions of keeping angle of shock α and azimuth angle theta constant, by more
The spring 106 for changing different materials changes the impact velocity that elastic potential energy changes hard angle-style particle indirectly.By under impact velocity
Hard angle-style particle completes the research work that impact velocity On Erosion influences to the impact experiment of target body 110.
(4) influence of grain shape On Erosion；It is produced by linear cutter mode several of different shapes micro-
Little particle, wherein the upper end kerf of particle bracket 108 according to molecule shape can replace.In other experiment items
Under conditions of part is constant, by replacing hard angle-style particle of different shapes to the impact experiment of target body 110, grain shape is completed
The research work that On Erosion influences.
(5) influence of target body material On Erosion；Under conditions of other experiment conditions are constant, target body fixed plate is dismantled
The target body 110 installed on 111, the target body 110 by replacing different materials repeat impact experiment, complete target body material and liquidate
The research work that erosion abrasion influences.
Experimental result is shown:
(1) angle of attack of hard angle-style particle and orientation angles determine the direction of rotation of particle bounce after impact, packet
Rotation rotation and back spin rotation before including, the different corresponding Erosion Wear Mechanisms in direction of rotation are different.It is in particular in: different orientation
Angle and the angle of shock are different to the erosive wear caused by behind 110 surface of particles hit target body；Azimuth and angle of shock difference,
Grain hits the direction of rotation difference behind 110 surface of target body, and pit caused by particle back rotation is shallower, and causes material surface
Cutting；Pit caused by particle rotates forward is deeper, and causes the accumulation of material.
(2) impact velocity of hard angle-style particle determines pit size left by 110 surface of target body after impact, speed
Bigger pit is bigger, caused by erosive wear it is more serious, but impact velocity has substantially no effect on the chamfered shape of pit.
In addition, grain shape and 110 material of target body are all one of influence factor and pair that this experimental provision can be studied
One of as.Grain shape mainly for angular particle, can be diamond shape, it is rectangular, irregular shape；110 material of target body
It can be metal material, fragile material (glass, ceramics etc.).Metal material can be accompanied by and cut when receiving angular granule impact
It cuts, micro-cutting, plough and the erosion behaviors such as plough, fall off, these behaviors can be verified by this experimental provision, test obtains.This experiment
Device and experimental method provide a kind of effective means for the research of particle Erosion Mechanism.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of extension spring-type molecule impact experiment apparatus, it is characterised in that: filled including particle bounce device and high speed imaging
Set, the particle bounce device include experiment sewing platform base, relieving mechanism, first baffle, spring setter plate, second baffle, spring,
Sliding block, particle bracket, limited block, target body, target body fixed plate, rectangular washer, target body bolt, bracket, bracket screw, protective plate spiral shell
Nail, protective plate, handle, lock-screw, rotating bar.One is provided on the experiment sewing platform base for installing the cunning of relieving mechanism
Slot and sliding slot are T-shaped structure, and the relieving mechanism realizes the positioning and release of sliding block, the spring peace by sliding in sliding slot
It sets plate and is fixedly mounted on first baffle and second baffle upper surface, one end of the spring is connected with spring setter plate lower surface,
The other end is connected with sliding block upper surface, and one is provided among the spring setter plate and is used for the rectangle side that molecule passes through
Hole, the first baffle, second baffle are fixedly mounted on experiment sewing platform base and are symmetrically disposed on the two sides of sliding block, and described the
One is provided on one baffle for the baffle positioning hole that relieving mechanism release lever passes through, the first baffle and second baffle phase
Limited block that one is firmly connected with it is respectively arranged with to inside and two limited blocks are symmetrical arranged, a side of the sliding block
Face is bonded with the medial surface of first baffle, another side is bonded with the medial surface of second baffle, and the sliding block can be in limited block
It moves up and down between lower section, first baffle and second baffle.The particle bracket is movably arranged on the setting of upper end of slide block centre
Arc groove in, the particle bracket can rotate in arc groove, be respectively set on two opposite flanks of the sliding block
There is one for moving down the handle of sliding block, the lock-screw is mounted in the second through-hole, by between the second through-hole
Particle bracket is locked in worm drive, and the rotating bar passes through first through hole and rotating bar mounting hole interference fit and and first through hole
Clearance fit realizes that particle bracket rotates in arc groove by rotary motion bar.The particle bracket is for placing experiment
Molecule, wherein experiment is the square hard angle-style particle of equal thickness with molecule, when relieving mechanism along the chute
When moving outwardly to be detached from the sliding block location hole of sliding block, the molecule placed on particle bracket is moved upwardly together with sliding block,
It flies out upwards after sliding block strikes the limited block of top from the rectangle square hole of spring setter plate and impacts target body lower surface, described
The upper end kerf of grain bracket being adjusted according to molecule shape, the target body is set to above sliding block and passes through
Rectangular washer and target body bolt are fixedly mounted on target body fixed plate lower end, and the target body fixed plate is mounted on branch by bracket screw
On frame, the bracket is fixedly mounted on experiment sewing platform base, and the protective plate is rack-mount by three protection plate bolts,
For preventing molecule from hurting experimenter or high-speed camera when flying out to high-speed camera direction.The high speed imaging dress
It sets including high-speed camera, camera support and light source, the high-speed camera is placed on camera support, the light source setting
In the position for not influencing Germicidal efficacy, the high-speed camera is selected the Japanese NAC high-speed camera of model HX-7s, is used for
Capture the motion profile of molecule.
2. a kind of extension spring-type molecule impact experiment apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the machine for releasing
Structure includes slide plate, support plate, release lever, and the support plate is fixedly connected on slide plate upper end, and the release lever is fixedly connected on branch
On fagging, the structure size of the structure size of the slide plate and sliding slot is adapted, and the release lever is solid polished rod, diameter with
The diameter in baffle positioning hole is equal and its axis is overlapped with the axis in baffle positioning hole.
3. a kind of extension spring-type molecule impact experiment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sliding block includes sliding
Block body, sliding block location hole, arc groove, first through hole, the second through-hole are provided with one on one side of the slider body
A sliding block location hole, the sliding block location hole are cylindrical hole, and diameter is equal with the diameter of release lever, the arc groove
It is set to slider body upper surface centre, the first through hole and the second through-hole are provided with slider body upper end and coaxial
Line, the first through hole are unthreaded hole, and the second through-hole is threaded hole, and the arc groove is by lower section semi-circular recesses and top rectangle
Groove is constituted.
4. a kind of extension spring-type molecule impact experiment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the particle bracket packet
Bracket body, rotating bar mounting hole, V-groove are included, the bracket body the center point is provided with rotating bar mounting hole, the rotating bar
Mounting hole is blind hole, and the side of the bracket body includes cylindrical surface and tangent plane, and tangent plane center is provided with V-type
Slot, the end surface shape of the V-groove are isosceles right triangle, the external cylindrical surface diameter of the bracket body and arc groove
Inner cylinder face diameter is equal.
5. a kind of extension spring-type molecule impact experiment apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the target body is solid
Fixed board includes rectangular slab, track type straight trough, rectangular slab mounting hole, and the middle position of the rectangular slab is provided with track type straight trough,
A rectangular slab mounting hole is symmetrically arranged on two opposite flanks of the rectangular slab, the rectangular slab mounting hole is threaded hole
And be blind hole, lead to the target body bolt and target body and target body fixed plate are fixed together, it is different convenient for handling target body and replacement
The target body of material.
6. a kind of extension spring-type molecule impact experiment apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the branch is set up
There are two and be symmetrically mounted on target body fixed plate two sides, including supporting plate, protective plate mounting hole, the first mounting hole, the second mounting hole,
The supporting plate is L-shaped structure, and the upper end is welded on one for installing target body fixed plate and protective plate, lower end and experiment sewing platform base
It rises.There are three for installing the protective plate mounting hole of protective plate and for being mounted on target body fixed plate for the supporting plate upper end setting
The first mounting hole or the second mounting hole, first mounting hole is identical as the structure size of the second mounting hole and is screw thread
Hole.There are two the bracket settings, and mounting hole makes operating position there are two target body tools.
7. according to claim 1 with a kind of extension spring-type molecule impact experiment apparatus described in 6, it is characterised in that: the cunning
7075 aerolite of material selection of block；The superior 316L stainless steel of the material selection corrosion resistance of the experiment sewing platform base
Plate；The material selection vulcanie of the limited block；The material selection organic glass steel plate of the protective plate；The first gear
The material 316L stainless steel plate of selecting corrosion resistance superior of plate, second baffle；The material selection AA3003 of the target body
Aluminium alloy；The molecule selects W18Cr4V high-speed steel.
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| CN201811292183.3A CN109238902B (en) | 2018-11-01 | 2018-11-01 | Tension spring type small particle impact experimental device |
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| CN114935514A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-08-23 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Rotating particle launching device and impact experiment method |
| CN118329666A (en) * | 2024-06-13 | 2024-07-12 | 大庆湃瑞环保科技有限公司 | Building construction check out test set |
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