CN109237039A - Like the compound groove depth type groove gas lubrication end surface mechanical sealing structure of pyramid - Google Patents

Like the compound groove depth type groove gas lubrication end surface mechanical sealing structure of pyramid Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109237039A
CN109237039A CN201811187170.XA CN201811187170A CN109237039A CN 109237039 A CN109237039 A CN 109237039A CN 201811187170 A CN201811187170 A CN 201811187170A CN 109237039 A CN109237039 A CN 109237039A
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China
Prior art keywords
type groove
pyramid
groove
pilot trench
depth
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CN201811187170.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109237039B (en
Inventor
彭旭东
江锦波
孟祥铠
白少先
李纪云
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Zhejiang University of Technology ZJUT
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/34Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
    • F16J15/3404Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal
    • F16J15/3408Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface
    • F16J15/3412Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/164Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces the sealing action depending on movements; pressure difference, temperature or presence of leaking fluid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/40Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid

Abstract

One kind is like the compound groove depth type groove gas lubrication end surface mechanical sealing structure of pyramid, rotating ring and stationary ring including mechanical seal, it offers multiple along the circumferential direction equally distributed in the shape of a spiral like the compound groove depth type groove of pyramid in the rotating ring and stationary ring on the end face of at least one sealing ring, is from upstream to downstream and becomes narrow gradually;It is formed like the compound groove depth type groove of pyramid by basic dynamic pressure type groove and like pyramid type groove, the groove bottom of basic dynamic pressure groove is equipped with like pyramid type groove, is gradually become shallower as like the depth of pyramid type groove from upstream to downstream;It is spliced like pyramid type groove by multiple rows of pilot trench, is separated between the adjacent pilot trench of same row by the depth sealing weir equal with basic dynamic pressure type groove depth;The pilot trench of downstream side straddles in the sealing weir between two pilot trench of the adjacent row of upstream side, and is connected to the pilot trench of the sealing weir two sides of the upstream side;End face downstream is equipped with seals dam.

Description

Like the compound groove depth type groove gas lubrication end surface mechanical sealing structure of pyramid
It is on June 15th, 2015 that the application, which is application No. is the 201510329342.2, applying date, entitled " a kind of Like the compound groove depth type groove gas lubrication end surface mechanical sealing structure of pyramid " divisional application of application for a patent for invention.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Hydrodynamic pressure type gas lubrication end surface mechanical sealing structures of rotary type fluid machine, especially Be related to it is a kind of containing basic dynamic pressure groove and like the composite slot deep end surface seal structure of pyramid type groove, be suitable for various compressors, The air film end face seal of the rotating machineries such as blower, pump and reaction kettle shaft end.
Background technique
Dry gas seals are since the sixties in last century develops, with its unique performance advantage in centrifugal compressor, blower etc. It is used widely on high speed rotating machinery.It is helix, straight line that dry gas seals, which are by opening up molded line on seal face, Or gas medium is pumped into sealed end using the stronger dynamic and static pressure effect of dynamic pressure groove when rotating ring rotation by the dynamic pressure groove of circular arc line Face, the gas into seal face are obstructed boosting at slot root, generate certain fluid dynamic and static pressures to push end face open, to make Dry gas seals can maintain non-contact operation under conditions of one layer of micron order air film, but existing dry gas seals are rotated in high speed There are still slips in mechanical use process it is high, gas film stiffness is not big enough, anti-high speed disturbance ability is poor the problems such as, fail thing Therefore it happens occasionally.
To reduce slip of the dry gas seals under high-speed condition, leakproofness, a kind of spiral groove end plane of United States Patent (USP) are improved Sealing (US 6152452) proposes a kind of seemingly splay helical groove structure, is equipped in seal face upstream side by gas medium It is pumped into the fair current pumping groove of seal face, and is equipped in end face downstream side and pumps the adverse current of the anti-blowback upstream side of gas leakage Slot is equipped with the circumferential seal dam that do not slot between same group of fair current pumping groove and adverse current pumping groove radial direction.Although this structure energy It is effectively reduced leakage of the sealing medium to internal side diameter, but its gas film stiffness has a degree of decline, is unfavorable for high speed Under the conditions of air film stabilization.
For the gas film stiffness for improving Spiral Groove Dry Gas Seals by Use under high-speed condition, improve operation stability, the double spiral shells of Chinese patent Spin slot three-dimensional spiral slot face seals (CN2594554Y), gas end surface sealing structure with three-dimensional feather-like textured bottom shaped grooves (CN101644333A) and United States Patent (USP) non-contacting mechanical face seal (US5441283A) etc., open source literature is for example bionical leafy The performance study (see " tribology journal ", the 4th phase of volume 33 in 2013: pp372-381) of aerofoil profile slot dry gas face seals, Above-mentioned end face seal has certain property on Blanking cavity design compared to common one-way spiral slot dry gas seals under high-speed condition Can advantage, but the deficiencies of there are still slip when high-speed cruising is higher, and comprehensive sealing performance is bad.
Summary of the invention
The slip that the present invention will overcome dry gas seals existing in the operation of high speed and high pressure condition is high, gas film stiffness is inadequate Big problem, provides a kind of strong in high speed and high pressure condition lower end surface hydrodynamic, and gas film stiffness is big, slip it is low like pyramid Compound groove depth gas end surface mechanical sealing structure.
The technical scheme is that
Like the compound groove depth type groove gas lubrication end surface mechanical sealing structure of pyramid, rotating ring including mechanical seal and quiet The side of ring, the rotating ring or stationary ring end face is high-pressure side, that is, upstream, and the other side of the rotating ring or stationary ring end face is low-pressure side That is downstream, it is characterized in that: it is offered on the end face of at least one sealing ring in the rotating ring and stationary ring and multiple is along the circumferential direction in Helical form is equally distributed like the compound groove depth type groove of pyramid, it is described like the compound groove depth type groove of pyramid be from upstream to downstream by Gradual change is narrow;It is described to be formed like the compound groove depth type groove of pyramid by basic dynamic pressure type groove and like pyramid type groove, the basis dynamic pressure Slot is provided with end face upstream, and the groove bottom of the basis dynamic pressure groove is equipped with like pyramid type groove, like the depth of pyramid type groove It is gradually become shallower as from upstream to downstream;It is described to be spliced like pyramid type groove by multiple rows of pilot trench, between the adjacent pilot trench of same row Separated by the depth sealing weir equal with basic dynamic pressure type groove depth;The pilot trench of downstream side straddles the adjacent row in upstream side Two pilot trench between sealing weir on;
The end face downstream like the compound groove depth type groove of pyramid is equipped with seals dam.
Further, the pilot trench of downstream side and the pilot trench of the two sides of the sealing weir of the upstream side straddled penetrate through.
Alternatively, between the pilot trench of the two sides of the sealing weir of the pilot trench of downstream side and the upstream side straddled by with basis The fan-shaped sealing weir of dynamic pressure groove deep equality separates.
Further, the width of the pilot trench of downstream side is less than the pilot trench of the adjacent row of upstream side.
Preferably, described to be spliced like pyramid type groove by 3 row's pilot trench, wherein being located at the pilot trench of one row of upstream has 3, The pilot trench of one row of downstream has 1, and the pilot trench of intermediate row has 2.
Further, the basic dynamic pressure groove is in slot root radius rgThe circular arc angle theta at placegiWith in outer diameter roThe circular arc angle at place θgoThe ratio between θgigo=0~1;The basis dynamic pressure groove is in outer diameter roThe circular arc angle theta at placegWith corresponding sealing weir in same Radius The circular arc angle theta at placelThe ratio between θglChoosing value range be θgl=0.5~8;The depth h of the basis dynamic pressure groove0Choosing value range It is 0~10 μm, the depth h like pyramid type grooveiChoosing value range is 1~30 μm.
Preferably, θgigo=0.3~0.6, θgl=1.5~4;The depth h of the basis dynamic pressure groove0Preferred value range It is 0.5~5 μm, the depth h like pyramid type grooveiSelecting figure of merit range is 2~18 μm.
The working principle of invention is: when groove depth type groove dry gas seals operation compound like pyramid, processing in seal face Depth shallower basic dynamic pressure groove in upstream side can be pumped fluid media (medium) from outside diameter to internal side diameter, and gas is in basic dynamic pressure groove slot Root is formed about higher-pressure region, and the convergence structure that basic dynamic pressure groove is become narrow gradually by upstream to downstream canal facilitates fluid media (medium) Compression pressurization in the type groove of upstream.Basic dynamic pressure groove lower layer is machined with seemingly folded sieve that the depth from upstream to downstream gradually becomes shallower as Chinese type groove, and the groove width of each pilot trench also becomes narrow gradually from upstream to downstream, is thusly-formed typical three-dimensional convergence groove profile, further Improve the compression of fluid medium.By the sealing weir of depth and basic dynamic pressure groove deep equality between each pilot trench of same row It separates, fluid can be pumped into from multiple pilot trench being circumferentially separated by outer radial center, and this multiple-grooved flow guiding structure has fluid Stronger guide functions;The upstream pilot trench like pyramid type groove corresponds the perforation that is connected with neighbouring downstream pilot trench, same Basic dynamic pressure groove middle and lower reaches are few with row's pilot trench compared with adjacent to upstream with row's pilot trench number, and furthermore downstream is less than neighbour with the depth of row's pilot trench Thus nearly upstream causes respectively to arrange from the fluid media (medium) that upstream is pumped in downstream and constantly converge like in pyramid type groove with pilot trench is arranged It squeezes, forms stronger dynamic pressure effect.At the root of side channel windward of each row's pilot trench and basic dynamic pressure groove, fluid constricted flow is situated between Matter pressure rise, to form the significantly pressure peak that is radially distributed, from end face upstream to downstream side, each pressure peak by Grade increases, and each pressure peak interferes superposition and forms greater area of higher-pressure region.
The advantages of the present invention:
(1) structure is formed by basic dynamic pressure groove and like pyramid type groove, and the groove width of basic dynamic pressure groove is from upstream to downstream It becomes narrow gradually, and processes gradually becoming shallower as like pyramid slot its groove depth from upstream to downstream in basic dynamic pressure groove bottom, each row It is also become narrow gradually by upstream to downstream like the groove width of pyramid type groove, is formed by exemplary three-dimensional convergence type groove fluid medium tool There is the effect of drawing of stronger compression and pump, can get bigger end face bearing capacity and stream under identical fluid film thickness condition Body film rigidity improves sealing high-speed cruising stability.
(2) it is located at the sealing weir between each pilot trench like the same row of pyramid type groove by depth and basic dynamic pressure groove deep equality Separate, be formed by multiple-grooved flow guiding structure fluid medium with stronger guide functions, can make fluid media (medium) more uniformly into Enter seal face, weakens sealing ring eddy current effect in the type groove of high speed and high pressure operating condition lower end surface, to improve the fortune of sealing Row stability.
(3) fluid media (medium) is formed in the root of the side channel windward place of each pilot trench of same row and basic dynamic pressure groove like pyramid type groove It is multiple be radially overlapped mutually with circumferentially distributed pressure peak, with normal spiral slot, U-type groove, V-groove, arc groove or straight The hydrodynamics such as wire casing type groove is formed by single higher-pressure region at the slot root by proximal end face internal side diameter and compares, to be formed bigger The higher-pressure region of area, is conducive to the bearing capacity and gas film stiffness that improve sealing, and start and stop characteristic and the high-speed cruising for improving sealing are steady It is qualitative;In addition, choked flow effect larger at a distance from internal side diameter like the multiple higher-pressure regions for being located at end face upstream side in pyramid type groove Enhancing, is significantly reduced leakage of the fluid media (medium) to internal side diameter, to improve the sealing of such gas film sealing to a greater degree Property.
(4) by rationally design basic dynamic pressure groove and like pyramid type groove geometric dimension, it can be achieved that in the dynamic pressure groove of basis Fluid high-pressure area is superimposed with the interference like fluid high-pressure area in pyramid type groove, more uniformly spreads the pressure of seal face, And average pressure peak value is higher, generates bigger bearing capacity and gas film stiffness.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is the fluting end view of case study on implementation one of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the fluting end face geometrical structure parameter unified definition schematic diagram of case study on implementation one of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the tomograph of case study on implementation one of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the operation principle schematic diagram of case study on implementation one of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the fluting end view of case study on implementation two of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the tomograph of case study on implementation two of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the fluting end view of case study on implementation three of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the tomograph of case study on implementation three of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the fluting end view of case study on implementation four of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the tomograph of case study on implementation four of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Implementation of the invention is described in further detail in conjunction with attached drawing.
Embodiment one
Referring to figure 1, figure 2 and figure 3, a kind of like the compound groove depth type groove gas lubrication end surface mechanical sealing structure of pyramid, packet Include the rotating ring and stationary ring of mechanical seal, the side of the rotating ring or stationary ring end face is high-pressure side, that is, upstream, the rotating ring or stationary ring The other side of end face is low-pressure side, that is, downstream, it is characterized in that: it is opened on the end face of at least one sealing ring in the rotating ring and stationary ring Equipped with it is multiple be distributed uniformly and circumferentially like the compound groove depth type groove of pyramid, it is described like the compound groove depth type groove of pyramid by base It plinth dynamic pressure type groove 4 and is formed like pyramid type groove 1, the basis dynamic pressure groove 4 is provided with end face upstream, the basis dynamic pressure groove 4 Groove bottom on be machined with like pyramid type groove 1, the upstream pilot trench 11,13 like two rows type grooves adjacent in pyramid type groove 1 The width for comparing neighbouring downstream pilot trench with 15 is larger, same to arrange between pilot trench 11 and 13,13 and 15 and 21 and 23 respectively by depth Separate with the sealing weir 12,14 and 22 of basic 4 deep equality of dynamic pressure type groove, under the end face like the compound groove depth type groove of pyramid Trip is equipped with the annulus shiny surface i.e. seals dam 6 that do not slot.
It is described like in pyramid type groove, the son of the pilot trench of downstream side and the two sides of the sealing weir of the upstream side straddled Slot perforation.Corresponding perforation between adjacent two rows pilot trench 11,13 and 21,13,15 and 23,21,23 and 3.
The basis dynamic pressure groove 4 is in slot root radius rgThe circular arc angle theta at placegiWith in outer diameter roThe circular arc angle theta at placegoThe ratio between θgigoChoosing value range be θgigo=0~1, preferred value range is θgigo=0.3~0.6.
The basis dynamic pressure groove 4 is in outer diameter roThe circular arc angle theta at placegIt is pressed from both sides with circular arc of the corresponding sealing weir 5 at same Radius Angle θgThe ratio between θglChoosing value range be θgl=0.5~8, preferred value range is θgl=1.5~4.
The depth h of the basis dynamic pressure groove 40Choosing value range be 0~20 μm, preferred value range be 0.5~5 μm, it is described seemingly The depth h of pyramid type groove 1iChoosing value range is 1~100 μm, and selecting figure of merit range is 2~20 μm.Each row's pilot trench depth from End face upstream gradually becomes shallower as to downstream namely the groove depth h of upstream row pilot trench 11,13,153, the groove depth of intermediate row pilot trench 21 and 23 h2, the groove depth h of downstream row pilot trench 31Meet: h1< h2< h3
Referring to Fig.1 and Fig. 4, fluid media (medium) is from outside diameter to during the flowing of internal diameter side, in upstream row pilot trench 11,13 and At 15 root of side channel windward 110,130 and 150, at the root of side channel windward 210 and 230 of intermediate row pilot trench 21 and 23, downstream row Formed at the root of side channel windward 40 of the root of side channel windward 30 of slot 3 and basic dynamic pressure groove 4 it is multiple radially with circumferentially distributed pressure Power peak value, the pressure of seal face are divided into more uniformly, and each pressure peak interferes superposition and forms greater area of height Pressure area helps to improve air film supported power and gas film stiffness.
Embodiment two
Referring to figure 5 and figure 6, the present embodiment and embodiment one the difference is that, described like in pyramid type groove, downstream Between the pilot trench of the two sides of the sealing weir of the pilot trench of side and the upstream side straddled by with basic dynamic pressure groove deep equality Fan-shaped sealing weir separates.
Between each pilot trench 11,13,15 of upstream row and neighbouring each pilot trench 21,23 of downstream row by with basic 4 depth phase of dynamic pressure groove Deng seals dam 42 separate, by deep with basic dynamic pressure groove 4 between each pilot trench 21,23 of the intermediate row and neighbouring downstream row pilot trench 3 It spends equal seals dam 41 to separate, remaining structure and embodiment are the same as example 1.
Embodiment three
Referring to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, the present embodiment and embodiment one the difference is that, each pilot trench 21 and 23 of intermediate row It is embedded between neighbouring upstream row pilot trench 11 and 13 and 13 and 15 respectively, and the downstream row pilot trench 3 is embedded in intermediate row Between slot 21 and 23, remaining structure and embodiment are the same as example 1.
Example IV
Referring to Fig. 9 and Figure 10, the present embodiment and embodiment one the difference is that, the side wall of the basis dynamic pressure groove 4 Molded line is radial alignment, and the side wall molded line like arhat slot each in pyramid type groove 1 is straight line, basis 4 He of dynamic pressure groove It is about the symmetrical two-way chute of radius like pyramid type groove 1, this kind is like the compound groove depth type groove gas lubrication end face machine of pyramid Tool sealing is applicable to bidirectional rotation fluid machinery occasion, remaining structure and embodiment are identical as embodiment three.
Content described in this specification embodiment is only enumerating to the way of realization of inventive concept, protection of the invention Range should not be construed as being limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments, and protection scope of the present invention is also and in art technology Personnel conceive the thinkable equivalent technologies mean of institute according to the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. like the compound groove depth type groove gas lubrication end surface mechanical sealing structure of pyramid, rotating ring and stationary ring including mechanical seal, The side of the rotating ring or stationary ring end face is high-pressure side, that is, upstream, and the other side of the rotating ring or stationary ring end face is under low-pressure side is Trip, it is characterized in that: offered on the end face of at least one sealing ring in the rotating ring and stationary ring it is multiple along the circumferential direction helically Shape is equally distributed like the compound groove depth type groove of pyramid, described to be from upstream to downstream like the compound groove depth type groove of pyramid and gradually become It is narrow;It is described to be formed like the compound groove depth type groove of pyramid by basic dynamic pressure type groove and like pyramid type groove, the basis dynamic pressure type groove It is provided with end face upstream, the groove bottom of the basis dynamic pressure type groove is equipped with like pyramid type groove, like the depth of pyramid type groove It is gradually become shallower as from upstream to downstream;It is described to be spliced like pyramid type groove by multiple rows of pilot trench, between the adjacent pilot trench of same row Separated by the depth sealing weir equal with basic dynamic pressure type groove depth;The pilot trench of downstream side straddles the adjacent row in upstream side Two pilot trench between sealing weir on;The end face downstream like the compound groove depth type groove of pyramid is equipped with seals dam;
Between the pilot trench of the two sides of the sealing weir of the pilot trench of downstream side and the upstream side straddled by with basic dynamic pressure type groove The fan-shaped sealing weir of deep equality separates;
It is described to be spliced like pyramid type groove by 3 row's pilot trench, wherein being located at the pilot trench of one row of upstream has 3, one row's of downstream Pilot trench has 1, and the pilot trench of intermediate row has 2;
The width of the pilot trench of downstream side is less than the width of the pilot trench of the adjacent row of upstream side.
2. sealing structure according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the basis dynamic pressure type groove is in slot root radius rgPlace Circular arc angle thetagiWith in outer diameter roThe circular arc angle theta at placegoThe ratio between θgigo=0~1;The basis dynamic pressure type groove is in outer diameter roPlace Circular arc angle thetagoWith circular arc angle theta of the corresponding sealing weir at same RadiuslThe ratio between θgolChoosing value range be θgol= 0.5~8;The depth h of the basis dynamic pressure type groove0Choosing value range is 0~10 μm, the depth h like pyramid type grooveiChoosing value Range is 1~30 μm.
CN201811187170.XA 2015-06-15 2015-06-15 Mechanical sealing structure for gas lubrication end face of deep groove of quasi-laminated arhat composite groove Active CN109237039B (en)

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CN201510329342.2A CN104913066B (en) 2015-06-15 2015-06-15 Like the compound groove depth type groove gas lubrication end surface mechanical sealing structure of pyramid

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CN113669454A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-11-19 江苏金鹰流体机械有限公司 End face dry gas sealing structure
CN113669454B (en) * 2021-08-25 2024-05-17 江苏金鹰流体机械有限公司 End face dry gas sealing structure

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CN110822084A (en) * 2019-11-19 2020-02-21 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Sealing member and engine
CN110822084B (en) * 2019-11-19 2021-12-21 潍柴动力股份有限公司 Sealing member and engine
CN113669454A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-11-19 江苏金鹰流体机械有限公司 End face dry gas sealing structure
CN113669454B (en) * 2021-08-25 2024-05-17 江苏金鹰流体机械有限公司 End face dry gas sealing structure

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