CN107327577B - Non-contact mechanical seal of power and pressure pumping type - Google Patents
Non-contact mechanical seal of power and pressure pumping type Download PDFInfo
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- CN107327577B CN107327577B CN201710769538.2A CN201710769538A CN107327577B CN 107327577 B CN107327577 B CN 107327577B CN 201710769538 A CN201710769538 A CN 201710769538A CN 107327577 B CN107327577 B CN 107327577B
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- dynamic pressure
- pumping
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- static
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/40—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/164—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces the sealing action depending on movements; pressure difference, temperature or presence of leaking fluid
Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic pressure pumping type non-contact mechanical seal, which comprises a dynamic ring and a static ring, wherein the dynamic ring is jointed with the static ring sealing surface of the static ring through the dynamic ring sealing surface to form a sealing end surface, a pumping groove on the dynamic ring is enclosed by a pumping working surface, a pumping back surface and a pumping inner side surface, and a notch of the pumping groove faces to the outer side edge of the dynamic ring; the pumping working face has a base radius R 1 =R 0 An involute surface of/2; the base circle behind the pump is an involute curved surface of the circle where the inner hole of the movable ring is located; the dynamic pressure chute on the static ring is composed of a dynamic pressure vertical surface, a dynamic pressure slope surface and a dynamic pressure inner side surface, and the chute central angle alpha of the dynamic pressure chute 1 Central angle alpha of static pressure sealing surface between two adjacent dynamic pressure chutes 2 The central angle alpha of the chute 1 Greater than the central angle alpha of the static pressure sealing surface 2 . The mechanical seal not only can generate higher upstream centrifugal pumping effect, but also can form stable fluid dynamic pressure effect, and the separation seal end face realizes non-contact.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mechanical end face sealing device, in particular to a mechanical seal with hydrodynamic effect and upstream pumping function.
Background
The mechanical seal is a commonly used rotary shaft axial end face sealing device, is widely applied to the fields of mechanical industry, petrochemical industry, aerospace and the like, and has the advantages of reliable sealing performance, small leakage amount, low power consumption and long service life.
With the rapid development of modern industry, the application field and the use environment of the mechanical seal are continuously expanded, so that the performance requirement on the mechanical seal is increasingly improved. The mechanical seal of conventional structure is through the direct contact friction of rotating ring and quiet ring and realizes end face seal, and this kind of mechanical seal is under the abominable complicated operational environment such as high pressure, high speed and high temperature, and the wearing and tearing between the sealed face can constantly accelerate, lets out leakage quantity and also increases thereupon, forms sealed inefficacy very easily, therefore the stability and the reliability of long period operation under abominable operating mode are hardly guaranteed to conventional mechanical seal. Therefore, people begin to design a non-contact mechanical seal, for example, chinese utility model patent 200920231993.8 discloses a novel right-angled triangle spiral groove mechanical seal, which is characterized in that a plurality of radial spiral grooves uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction are arranged on the end surface of a moving ring of the mechanical seal, the groove opening of each spiral groove faces to the downstream (low-pressure side) of the moving ring, the groove bottom of each spiral groove is an inclined plane, the transverse section of each spiral groove is in a right-angle shape, a sealing medium enters the spiral groove from the downstream side under the action of centrifugal force during work, a layer of extremely-thin fluid film is formed between the sealing end surfaces by utilizing the fluid dynamic pressure effect of the spiral groove, the sealing end surfaces are separated to realize non-contact, the frictional wear between the end surfaces is improved, and the service life of the mechanical seal is prolonged on the basis of guaranteeing the sealing performance. The structure of wedging the fluid medium into the spiral groove reduces the friction between the sealing end faces, but increases the leakage between the end faces of the moving ring and the static ring, and the dynamic pressure sealing mode is started at the expense of the leakage rate, so the defect of large leakage rate is also self-evident. Chinese patent 201310201473.3 discloses a self-pumping hydrodynamic mechanical seal, which is characterized in that a spiral groove area is arranged at the upstream (high pressure side) of the sealing end surface of a moving ring, notches of spiral grooves distributed along the circumferential direction face the upstream side, a circular liquid storage groove is arranged at the position of the end surface of a stationary ring, which is opposite to the root part of the spiral groove of the moving ring, and a plurality of axial drainage pore channels communicated with sealing cavities are arranged in the groove. Firstly, as the groove type of the spiral groove is not deeply researched, the centrifugal pumping action on the fluid at the high pressure side is difficult to generate in the sealing working process, the shear flow of a liquid film between the sealing rings is not enough to resist the differential pressure flow between the inner diameter and the outer diameter, and the leakage between the movable ring and the static ring cannot be eliminated; the dynamic pressure effect cannot be formed between the sealing rings of the structure, the liquid film bearing capacity between the sealing surfaces is very limited, and the contact friction of the static and dynamic rings can still be generated in actual operation to influence the normal performance of the sealing end surfaces; meanwhile, the sealing device of the structure also has the defects of complex structure and inconvenient installation and debugging.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a dynamic pressure pumping type non-contact mechanical seal, which not only can generate a high upstream centrifugal pumping effect to achieve zero leakage, but also can form a stable fluid dynamic pressure effect to separate the sealing end faces to achieve non-contact.
In order to solve the technical problem, the movable pumping type non-contact mechanical seal comprises a movable ring and a static ring, wherein the movable ring is attached to the static ring sealing surface of the static ring through the movable ring sealing surface of the movable ring, the outer circle radius of the movable ring is R, and the inner hole radius of the movable ring is R 0 The sealing surface of the movable ring is provided with a pumping groove which is surrounded by a pumping working surface, a pumping back surface and a pumping inner side surface, and the notch of the pumping groove faces the outer side edge of the movable ring; the pumping working surface has a base radius R 1 =R 0 The base circle and the inner hole of the movable ring are concentric circles; the back of the pump is an involute curved surface of which the base circle is a circle in which the inner hole of the movable ring is located; the radius R of the circle of the inner side surface for pumping 2 =（R+R 0 ) 2; the static ring sealing surface is provided with a dynamic pressure chute which consists of a dynamic pressure vertical surface, a dynamic pressure slope surface and a dynamic pressure inner side surface, and the chute central angle alpha of the dynamic pressure chute 1 Center angle alpha of static pressure sealing surface between two adjacent dynamic pressure chutes 2 The central angle alpha of the chute 1 Greater than the central angle alpha of the static pressure sealing surface 2 (ii) a The number of the pumping grooves is equal to that of the dynamic pressure chutes.
In the structure, as the pumping groove is arranged on the sealing surface of the movable ring, the pumping working surface and the pumping rear surface of the pumping groove are both broken line curved surfaces, the involute base circle radius of the pumping working surface is only half of the base circle of the pumping rear surface, firstly, the involute curved surfaces are used as the pumping working surface and the pumping rear surface, so that the characteristic that the normal of any point on the involute is tangent to the base circle is utilized, the upstream fluid is more easily centrifugally thrown out along the involute tangential direction, and the involute curved surfaces have more proper fluid velocity distribution, thereby generating upstream (high pressure side) pumping fluid flow, forming high-efficiency upstream pumping effect, enabling the fluid film pressure between the sealing surfaces of the sealing rings generated by the involute curved surfaces to be greater than the fluid flow pressure at the high pressure side, and enabling the fluid flow at the high pressure side to be prevented from permeating into the sealing surfaces, thereby realizing the sealing effect with zero leakage amount; the base circle radius of the pumping working surface is smaller than that of the pumping rear surface, so that the curvature of the pumping working surface is larger than that of the pumping rear surface, on one hand, the groove type width of the pumping groove is gradually increased outwards along the radial direction, the formation and the stable increase of the liquid flow film pressure between the sealing surfaces are facilitated, the zero-leakage sealing effect is ensured, on the other hand, the liquid flow can be thrown out along the relatively straight pumping rear surface during working, and the prevention pressure difference for the upstream fluid infiltration is easily formed; and secondly, the involute curved surface is smooth and smooth, is convenient to control and manufacture and form. And because the dynamic pressure chute is arranged on the static ring sealing surface of the static ring, an extremely thin fluid film is formed between the sealing end surfaces by utilizing the fluid dynamic pressure effect of the dynamic pressure slope of the chute, the sealing end surfaces formed by the dynamic ring and the static ring are separated, the non-contact of the dynamic ring and the static ring is realized, the frictional wear between the end surfaces is improved, the sealing performance is ensured, and the service life of mechanical sealing is prolonged. The mechanical seal realizes zero leakage of upstream pumping through the movable ring, realizes dynamic pressure effect through the static ring and achieves non-contact of the movable ring and the static ring, and the action effects of the movable ring and the static ring are coordinated with each other, so that the pumping effect and the dynamic pressure effect are mutually strengthened; and the movable ring and the static ring which respectively bear pumping and dynamic pressure are more convenient for the precise control and manufacture of the groove shape and the size on the movable ring and the static ring, and can be processed and manufactured into high-quality movable ring and static ring elements.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the notch of the pumping groove is inclined in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating ring. The pumping grooves are uniformly distributed on the sealing surface of the movable ring along the circumferential direction, and the number of the pumping grooves is 10-25. The groove depth h of the pumping groove 1 =8 um-15 um. The pumping groove with the structure can realize more obvious pumping effect and ensure zero leakage between sealing surfaces.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic pressure slope surface of the dynamic pressure chute is a spiral surface. The width b of the groove opening of the dynamic pressure chute 1 Greater than the width b of the dynamic pressure inner side surface 3 (ii) a The dynamic pressure facade is perpendicular to the static ring sealing surface, the dynamic pressure facade is a rectangular surface, and the height h =10 um-15 um. The dynamic pressure slope surface inclines to the static ring sealing surface from the bottom edge of the dynamic pressure vertical surface. The dynamic pressure chute with the structure has a more stable and reliable fluid dynamic pressure effect, ensures the reliable separation between the sealing surfaces of the movable ring and the static ring, and realizes the non-contact sealing of the movable ring and the static ring.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic pressure chute has a chute center angle α 1 Central angle alpha of sealing surface with stationary ring 2 Ratio of alpha 1 /α 2 And = 1.5-3. The stability of dynamic pressure effect can be ensured, and reliable sealing performance is realized.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, the dynamic pressure inner side surface has a circle corresponding to a circle of the pumping inner side surface. The structure realizes mutual coordination and strengthening of pumping and dynamic pressure.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sealing surface oil-containing hole is disposed on a sealing surface of the stationary ring, and the sealing surface oil-containing hole has a hole diameter of 80 to 100um and a hole depth of 40 to 50um. The sealing surface oil-containing hole on the static ring sealing surface enhances the pressure resistance, the wear resistance and the convergence characteristic of the fluid film, thereby improving the dynamic pressure effect of the fluid film.
Drawings
The non-contact mechanical seal of the invention of the dynamic pressure pumping type is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotating ring in one embodiment of a dynamic pressure pumping non-contact mechanical seal of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of the embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a stationary ring used in conjunction with the moving ring of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view B-B of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view C-C of the embodiment of fig. 3.
In the figure, 1-moving ring, 11-pumping working face, 12-pumping groove, 13-pumping back face, 14-pumping inner side face, 15-moving ring sealing face, 16-moving ring inner hole and 17-pumping working face base circle; 2-static ring, 21-dynamic pressure vertical surface, 22-dynamic pressure chute, 23-dynamic pressure slope surface, 24-dynamic pressure inner side surface, 25-static ring sealing surface, 26-static ring inner hole and 27-sealing surface oil hole.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a dynamic pressure pumping type non-contact mechanical seal, which comprises a dynamic ring 1 and a static ring 2, wherein the dynamic ring 1 is attached to the static ring surface 25 of the static ring 2 through a dynamic ring sealing surface 15 to form a sealing end surface. The pumping groove 12, the dynamic pressure chute 22 and the sealing surface oil containing hole 27 in the invention are manufactured by laser processing.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the movable ring 1 of the dynamic pressure pumping type non-contact mechanical seal has a disk-shaped structure, and a movable ring inner hole 16 is provided at the center of the disk-shaped movable ring 1. The excircle radius R =30mm of the rotating ring 1, and the inner hole radius R of the inner hole 16 of the rotating ring 0 =25mm. 12 pumping grooves are uniformly distributed on a sealing surface 15 of the movable ring 1 along the circumferential direction, the pumping grooves 12 are surrounded by a pumping working surface 11, a pumping rear surface 13 and a pumping inner side 14, the notch of each pumping groove 12 faces the outer side edge of the movable ring, and the outer side edge is a high-pressure side, namely the upstream of the sealing surface during working; the inner hole 16 side of the movable ring is the downstream of the sealing surface. The notch direction of the pumping groove 12 inclines towards the opposite direction of the rotation of the rotating ring 1, and the notch direction of the pumping groove inclines towards the anticlockwise direction when the rotating ring 1 rotates clockwise in the figure. The pumping face 11 is a curved surface of an involute having a base circle 17 of the pumping face and a radius R of the base circle 1 =R 0 /2. In this example R 0 =25mm, radius R of the base circle 17 of the pumping face 1 =12.5mm, the base of the involuteThe circle and the inner hole 16 of the movable ring are concentric circles. The pumping back surface 13 is also an involute curved surface, the base circle of the involute is the circle where the inner hole 16 of the moving ring is located, and the radius of the base circle of the involute is R 0 =25mm. The pumping inner side surfaces 14 of the pumping grooves 12 are all on the same circle, and the radius R of the circle 2 =（R+R 0 ) (/ 2) =27.5mm. Groove depth h of pumping groove 12 1 And the pumping working surface 11 and the pumping back surface 13 of the pumping groove 12 are perpendicular to the groove bottom surface which is parallel to the moving ring sealing surface 15, wherein the diameter of the groove is 10 um.
In the stationary ring 2 of the dynamic pressure pumping type non-contact mechanical seal shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the stationary ring 2 is similarly formed in a disc-like shape, a stationary ring inner hole 26 is provided at a disc-like stationary ring center position, and the outer diameter of the stationary ring 2 and the diameter of the stationary ring inner hole 26 are the same as the outer diameter of the dynamic ring 1 and the size of the dynamic ring inner hole 16, that is, the outer diameter of the stationary ring 2 is also 30mm, and the diameter of the stationary ring inner hole 26 is 25mm. Similarly, 12 dynamic pressure chutes 22 are uniformly distributed on a static ring sealing surface 25 of the static ring 2 along the circumferential direction, and each dynamic pressure chute 22 is composed of a dynamic pressure vertical surface 21, a dynamic pressure slope surface 23 and a dynamic pressure inner side surface 24. The dynamic pressure vertical surface 21 is a plane passing through the radius of the surface of the static ring, the plane is perpendicular to the static ring sealing surface 25, the dynamic pressure inner side surfaces 24 of the dynamic pressure chutes 22 are all positioned on the same circumference, the radius of the circle is also 27.5mm, and the cambered surfaces of the dynamic pressure inner side surfaces 24 are also perpendicular to the static sealing surface 25. The dynamic pressure slope 23 inclines upward from the bottom of the dynamic pressure vertical surface 21 to intersect the static ring sealing surface 25 on a radius of the static ring sealing surface 25. The dynamic pressure chutes 22 are arranged at intervals, and the included angle between the radius of the dynamic pressure vertical surface 21 and the radius of the intersection line of the dynamic pressure slope surface 23 and the static ring sealing surface 25 is the central angle alpha of the chute 1 The central angle alpha of the static pressure sealing surface between two adjacent dynamic pressure chutes 22 2 Central angle alpha of chute 1 Greater than the central angle alpha of the static pressure sealing surface 2 In this example, α 1 =20°，α 2 =10 °. A plurality of sealing surface oil holes 27 are uniformly distributed on the static ring sealing surface 25 between two adjacent dynamic pressure chutes 22 along the radial direction, the aperture of each sealing surface oil hole 27 is 90um, and the hole depth is 45um. The sealing surface oil containing hole can generate a certain fluid dynamic pressure effect and increase the absorption and storage effects of sealing fluid. The dynamic pressure vertical surface 21 is a strip-shaped surface arranged along the radius directionRectangular face, its height h =12um. The width or slot arc length of the slot on the outside of the dynamic pressure chute 22 is greater than the width or arc length of the dynamic pressure inside face 24. The distance between two ends of the dynamic pressure inner side surface 24 is the width b 3 Here the slope h/b of the dynamic pressure ramp 23 3 (ii) a Dynamic pressure chute 22 slot width b 1 The slope h/b of the dynamic pressure slope 23 at the notch 1 (ii) a Due to b 1 ＞b 3 Therefore h/b 3 ＞ h/b 1 Therefore, the dynamic pressure slope surface 23 is a spiral surface whose gradient gradually becomes gentle from the inner side thereof to the notch. Width b of static ring sealing surface 25 between two adjacent dynamic pressure chutes 22 notch end points 2 (ii) a The width of the static ring sealing surface 25 between the end points of the inner side surfaces of two adjacent dynamic pressure chutes 22 is b 4 Width b of 2 And b 4 Corresponding to the hydrostatic seal face central angle alpha 2.
The foregoing has outlined some of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these, and many modifications and extensions may be made. The number of the pumping grooves 12 and the dynamic pressure diagonal grooves 22 is not limited to 12, and may be selected from 10 to 25, and the groove depth h of the pumping grooves 1 Is not limited to 10um, and h can be determined by selecting from 8um to 15um according to the use environment and the structure size of the dynamic and static rings 1 The size of (d); the height h of the dynamic pressure vertical surface 21 is also selected and determined from 10um to 15 um; central angle alpha of chute 1 Angle alpha with the center of the static pressure sealing surface 2 Ratio of (a) 1 /α 2 Selecting from 1.5 to 3 times; the diameter of the sealing face oil-containing hole is preferably 80um to 100um, and the hole depth is selected from 40um to 50um. The selection of the above data is determined and falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a dynamic pressure pumping formula non-contact mechanical seal, includes rotating ring (1) and quiet ring (2), rotating ring (1) forms the sealed terminal surface with its rotating ring sealing surface (15) and the quiet ring sealing surface (25) of quiet ring (2) laminating each other, its characterized in that: the outer circle radius of the movable ring (1) is R, the radius of a movable ring inner hole (16) of the movable ring (1) is R0, a pumping groove (12) is formed in a movable ring sealing surface (15) of the movable ring (1), the pumping groove (12) is defined by a pumping working surface (11), a pumping rear surface (13) and a pumping inner side surface (14), and a notch of the pumping groove (12) faces to the outer side edge of the movable ring (1); the pumping working surface (11) is an involute curved surface with a base circle radius R1= R0/2, and the base circle and the inner hole (16) of the movable ring are concentric circles; the pumping rear surface (13) is an involute curved surface of a circle of which a base circle is a movable ring inner hole (16); the circle radius R2= (R + R0)/2 where the pumping inner side face (14) is located; the static ring sealing surface (25) is provided with dynamic pressure chutes (22), the dynamic pressure chutes (22) are composed of dynamic pressure vertical surfaces (21), dynamic pressure slope surfaces (23) and dynamic pressure inner side surfaces (24), the chute central angle alpha 1 of the dynamic pressure chutes (22) and the static pressure sealing surface central angle alpha 2 between two adjacent dynamic pressure chutes (22) are respectively arranged, and the chute central angle alpha 1 is greater than the static pressure sealing surface central angle alpha 2; the number of the pumping grooves (12) is equal to that of the dynamic pressure chutes (22); the notch of the pumping groove (12) inclines towards the opposite direction of the rotation of the rotating ring (1); the pumping grooves (12) are uniformly distributed on the sealing surface (15) of the movable ring along the circumferential direction, and the number of the pumping grooves (12) is 10-25.
2. The dynamic pressure pumping-type non-contact mechanical seal according to claim 1, wherein: the pumping groove (12) has a groove depth h1=8 um-15 um.
3. The dynamic pressure pumped non-contact mechanical seal of claim 1, wherein: the dynamic pressure slope surface (23) of the dynamic pressure chute (22) is a spiral surface.
4. A dynamic pressure pumping non-contact mechanical seal according to claim 3, characterized in that: the width b1 of the groove opening of the dynamic pressure chute (22) is larger than the width b3 of the dynamic pressure inner side surface (24); the dynamic pressure vertical surface (21) is perpendicular to the static ring sealing surface (25), the dynamic pressure vertical surface (21) is a rectangular surface, and the height h =10 um-15 um.
5. A dynamic pressure pumping non-contact mechanical seal according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the dynamic pressure slope surface (23) inclines to the static ring sealing surface (25) from the bottom edge of the driven pressure vertical surface (21).
6. The dynamic pressure pumping-type non-contact mechanical seal according to claim 1, wherein: the ratio alpha 1/alpha 2 of the chute central angle alpha 1 of the dynamic pressure chute (22) to the stationary ring sealing surface central angle alpha 2 is 1.5-3.
7. The dynamic pressure pumped non-contact mechanical seal of claim 1, wherein: the circle of the dynamic pressure inner side surface (24) corresponds to the circle of the pumping inner side surface (14).
8. The dynamic pressure pumping-type non-contact mechanical seal according to claim 1, wherein: be provided with sealing surface on the quiet ring seal face (25) of quiet ring (2) and hold oilhole (27), the aperture that this sealing surface held oilhole (27) is 80 um-100 um, and its bore depth is 40 um-50 um.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710769538.2A CN107327577B (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | Non-contact mechanical seal of power and pressure pumping type |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710769538.2A CN107327577B (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | Non-contact mechanical seal of power and pressure pumping type |
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| CN107327577A CN107327577A (en) | 2017-11-07 |
| CN107327577B true CN107327577B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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| CN201710769538.2A Active CN107327577B (en) | 2017-08-31 | 2017-08-31 | Non-contact mechanical seal of power and pressure pumping type |
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| CN110285218B (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2021-01-19 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Constant-elasticity film-coating involute spiral groove long-life sealing device |
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