CN104728451B - The non-contact mechanical seal structure that directivity macropore combines with three dimensional type groove - Google Patents

The non-contact mechanical seal structure that directivity macropore combines with three dimensional type groove Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104728451B
CN104728451B CN201510165134.3A CN201510165134A CN104728451B CN 104728451 B CN104728451 B CN 104728451B CN 201510165134 A CN201510165134 A CN 201510165134A CN 104728451 B CN104728451 B CN 104728451B
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directivity
macropore
groove
type groove
upstream
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CN104728451A (en
Inventor
程香平
陆德平
张友亮
康林萍
彭旭东
孟祥铠
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Institute of Applied Physics of Jiangxi Academy of Sciences
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Institute of Applied Physics of Jiangxi Academy of Sciences
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/40Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid

Abstract

A kind of directivity macropore and the three-dimensional groove-shaped non-contact mechanical seal structure combined, it includes the rotating ring of mechanical seal, stationary ring.The end face of rotating ring and stationary ring is provided with radially sealing dam in convergence inclined plane shape, and in rotating ring or stationary ring, at least one end face is provided with in convergence shape equally distributed directivity macropore (3) and various three-dimensional groove-shaped (4,5);Directivity macropore has directivity, is the shallow slot of mm-scale;Three-dimensional groove-shaped is shallow slot or the deep trouth of mm-scale of micro-meter scale, and is distributed uniformly and circumferentially the upstream in seal face, downstream or upstream and downstream respectively.The present invention relies on significant dynamic pressure effect at small-gap suture and small pressure difference situation seal systems, has enough opening force, liquid film stiffness and thickness of liquid films, protects sealing surface;Under the situation such as low speed and High Pressure Difference, rely on preferable hydrostatic effects, mechanically-sealing apparatus can be met under many variable working condition, there is stronger adaptive ability;Large aperture can accommodate more solid particle polluter.

Description

The non-contact mechanical seal structure that directivity macropore combines with three dimensional type groove
Technical field
The present invention relates to the non-contact mechanical seal structure that a kind of directivity macropore combines with three dimensional type groove, belong to technical field of mechanical.
Background technology
Fast development along with industries such as petrochemical industry, boats and ships and space flight, requirement to mechanically-sealing apparatus is more and more higher, all multi-standards such as higher condensate film stability and sealing reliability, adapt to changeable working condition and longer life cycle, few slip are suggested.At present, it is possible to the end face texture realizing non-contact mechanical seal mainly has unidirectional herringbone helicla flute, unidirectional L-shaped helicla flute, one-way spiral groove, two-way tree-shaped groove, two-way T-shaped grooves etc., is widely used on the gland seal device of slewing.But above-mentioned mechanical seal is to being applicable to changeable working condition, such as, as starting, stop or vibrated, impact, face deformation, pressure reduction change etc., all there is sealing property poor, and the problem that anti-solid particle is limited in one's ability.For this, Chinese scholars has been invented the mechanical seal patent of multiple microporous end surface texture and has been applied on liquid gland seal device, but microporous end surface mechanical sealing designed in patent and the end face seal of other flute profile texture, such as disclose a kind of hydrodynamic mechanical seal structure for three-dimensional fish scale-like texture bottom surface type groove as publication number CN101793324A, publication number CN201087764 discloses a kind of variable distribution porous end face mechanical sealing structure, although these seal structure has the performances such as the most pressure and wear-resisting, but under supertension and changeable working condition, the poor stability of liquid film or keep the limited in one's ability of end face noncontact state, easily there is the fretting wear of end face, greatly weaken the anti-attrition advantage of micropore, the service life causing mechanical seal shortens, sealing property is deteriorated.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to, under the conditions of low speed, high pressure, many variable working condition or big thickness, in order to overcome the anti-solid particle sealed in prior art limited in one's ability and the problem of dynamic pressure effect difference, preventing non-contact mechanical seal operating mode during running from changing causes end wear to make its seal failure, and the present invention provides a kind of directivity macropore and the three-dimensional groove-shaped non-contact mechanical seal structure that combines.
Realization the technical scheme is that,
A kind of directivity macropore and the three-dimensional groove-shaped non-contact mechanical seal structure combined, it includes the rotating ring of mechanical seal, stationary ring;The end face side of rotating ring and stationary ring is high pressure, side i.e. upstream;Opposite side is low-pressure side, i.e. downstream.
It is to seal the annular unslotted district between weir and upstream, downstream and pass that the rotating ring of present configuration and the end face of stationary ring are provided with radially non-slotted district in convergence inclined plane shape, referred to as seal dam, and in rotating ring or stationary ring, at least one end face is provided with in convergence shape equally distributed directivity macropore and various three-dimensional groove-shaped;Described directivity macropore has an obvious directivity, and macropore major axis be its inclination angle by the angle of the seal face diameter at this macropore center, and characterize the directivity of macropore by this angle;Described three-dimensional groove-shaped be shallow slot or the deep trouth of mm-scale of micro-meter scale, and the most circumferentially shape is uniformly distributed in the upstream of seal face, downstream or upstream and downstream.
Further, described directivity macropore and three-dimensional groove-shaped the most symmetrical according to center of rotation.
Further, described directivity macropore along seal face radial direction in being continuously or intermittently uniformly distributed, directivity macropore and three-dimensional groove-shaped along seal face circumferential direction in periodic distribution continuously or intermittently.
Further, described directivity macropore is the shallow slot of mm-scale, and its degree of depth is 1.5 ~ 100 μm, and the length of side of macropore or diameter are in the range of 801 μm ~ 20000 μm, and the scope of axial ratio takes 1 ~ 25, and area density scope is 0.1 ~ 0.55.
Further, described three-dimensional groove-shaped be shallow slot or the deep trouth of mm-scale of micro-meter scale, its shallow slot depth bounds is 2 ~ 50 μm, and deep trouth depth bounds is 0.05 ~ 8mm;Shallow trench etch is in the downstream of seal face, and deep trouth is positioned at the upstream side of seal face;When medium is liquid, the preferred scope of the shallow slot degree of depth is 10 ~ 30 μm, the preferred scope of the deep trouth degree of depth: 0.05 ~ 6mm;When medium is gas, the preferred scope of the shallow slot degree of depth is 2 ~ 10 μm, and the preferred value of the deep trouth degree of depth is 0.05 ~ 2mm;The helical angle number of degrees of groove are 8 ~ 20.Described three-dimensional groove-shaped extending in radial directions and become narrow gradually (pumping groove) by upstream to downstream flute profile width, or width gradually broadens (reverse pumping groove) by upstream to downstream direction, until outside diameter.
Further, described three-dimensional groove-shaped deep trouth such as can be at the groove with variable depth of deep or different rule, and the groove with variable depth degree of depth is cosine wave change, or wavy is deepened by downstream to upstream is inclined, or shoaled by upstream to downstream linearly rule or stepped shoal step by step.
Further, there are ring packing dam, and its radial width value: 0.2 ~ 8mm between described directivity macropore or the upstream of three-dimensional groove-shaped annulus, downstream or pass.
Directivity macropore in the present invention is shaped as triangle, rhombus, rectangle, hexagon, square or oval etc. on seal face, and directivity inclination angle is 0 ~ 360;Described three-dimensional groove-shaped on seal face, it is shaped as V-shaped groove, helicla flute, Y shape helicla flute, L-shaped helicla flute, half-arc groove, wave channel, two-way U-lag, T-slot, two-way tree-like groove, unidirectional chevron-notch etc..
The operation principle of the present invention is, after directivity macropore in the present invention makes the pressure current produced by higher-pressure region enter porose area, affected by shear action, fluid flows along macropore long axis direction, the aperture longer because of it and directivity, causes liquid to increase in the flow process of porose area, fluid is constantly accumulated and is extruded, pressure gradually steps up, and is remarkably improved dynamic pressure opening feature, cavitation effect and the condensate film stability of liquid film between sealing surface, it is possible to change the lubrication property of seal face liquid film well;And large aperture can more accommodate the particulate contamination between end face and storage lubricant medium, reduce the fretting wear of seal face.Three-dimensional groove in the present invention is in upstream high district, and bootable fluid enters seal face and produces diversion boosting effect so that it is hydrostatic effects strengthens, and produces strong lubrication effect.When rotated, pump can be produced and draw effect, receive fluid, it is ensured that when being sealed in startup, low speed and higher differential pressure, there is strong opening force and sufficient lubricating fluid, prevent the dry friction between seal face;Meanwhile, three-dimensional groove can easier receive solid particle and be ground, and makes the wear damage of end face be reduced to minimum.And it is in the shallower three-dimensional groove of down stream low pressure zones, when seal face rotates, the liquid that can will leak out out is transmitted back to seal face by three-dimensional groove back action, thus substantially reduces leakage rate, improves sealing property.The sealing dam that the present invention is formed serves preferable sealing effectiveness and stops the effect of fluid leakage further when parking, low speed, and is positioned on high-tension side ring dam district and also can stop between solid particle entrance seal face or area of low pressure.
The advantage of large aperture of the present invention and the three-dimensional groove-shaped mechanical seal structure combined and providing the benefit that:
Owing to the present invention opens directivity macropore on seal face, it is possible to change the lubrication property of end face liquid film well, convection cell produces and collects and diversion function, and significantly improves the cavitation effect of liquid film between sealing surface, dynamic pressure opening feature and condensate film stability;And large aperture can more accommodate the particulate contamination between end face and storage lubricant medium, reduce the fretting wear of seal face.The present invention, in upstream, catchment or the catchment, upstream of seal face, processes three-dimensional groove so that it is hydrostatic effects strengthens, and also has the ability of partial reflux or pumping.And described upstream deep trouth can be that end face provides strong lubrication and cooling effect, under the conditions of high parameter, it is adapted to the controllability circumference waviness of operating condition because the obvious thermal deformation in slotted zones and slotless district or force deformation difference are formed on end face, thus produces hydrodynamic effect and hydrostatic effects;The medium that the shallow slot of catchment can will leak out out pump again draws back seal face, and the Top dielectric pressure at groove constantly accumulates increase, while strengthening the dynamic pressure effect of end face, greatly reduces leakage rate, it is achieved the purpose of zero leakage.
In sum, the present invention relies on significant dynamic pressure effect in the situation seal systems such as small-gap suture and small pressure difference so that it is have enough opening force, liquid film stiffness and thickness of liquid films, protects sealing surface, improves the reliability and life-span used;Under the situation such as low speed and High Pressure Difference, rely on preferable hydrostatic effects so that it is there is more preferable face opening, and then meet mechanically-sealing apparatus under many variable working condition, there is stronger adaptive ability;Large aperture can accommodate the ability of more solid particle polluter.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the end view of a kind of mechanical seal embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the end view of a kind of mechanical seal embodiment 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the end view of a kind of mechanical seal embodiment 3 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the end view of a kind of mechanical seal embodiment 4 of the present invention;
In figure, 1 is that annulus seals dam;2 Shi Ba districts;3 is directional diamond macropore (inclination angle, direction 90);4 is drainage trough;5 is collecting tray;6 is bidirectional rotation Y shape groove;61Y shape groove left branch part;62 is Y shape groove right branch part;63 is Y shape groove root;7 is directivity ellipse macropore (inclination angle, direction 180);8 is semicircular arc deep trouth;9 is that directivity is two-fold adds rhombus macropore (inclination angle, direction 180);10 is spiral type wire casing;11 is micro-hole;12 is waveform deep hole;13 is directional diamond macropore (inclination angle, direction 45).
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of directivity macropore and the three-dimensional groove-shaped untouchable mechanical seal structure that combines, including rotating ring, the stationary ring of mechanical seal, the end face side of described rotating ring and stationary ring is high-pressure side i.e. upstream, and opposite side is low-pressure side i.e. downstream.In described rotating ring or stationary ring, the end face of at least one sealing ring is provided with directional diamond macropore 3, helicla flute (drainage trough 4 and collecting tray 5) in opposite direction, dam district 2, annulus sealing dam 1.Described directional diamond macropore 3 is the shallow bore hole of mm-scale, its degree of depth is 1.5 ~ 100 μm, and the length of side or the diameter of macropore take 1 ~ 25 in the range of 801 μm ~ 20000 μm, the scope of axial ratio, area density scope is 0.1 ~ 0.55, and the angle of inclination of the present embodiment end face directivity macropore is 90;Described directional diamond macropore 3 can also is that triangle, rectangle, square, regular hexagon or ellipse etc. have the hole of obvious directivity, and the minimum clearance between each macropore is 0.5mm.Described drainage trough 4 and collecting tray 5 are shallow slot or the deep trouths of mm-scale of micro-meter scale, and its depth bounds is 2 ~ 50 μm or 0.05 ~ 8mm.Shallow slot depth bounds is 2 ~ 50 μm, when medium is liquid, and the preferred value of the shallow slot degree of depth: 10 ~ 30 μm, the preferred value of the deep trouth degree of depth: 0.05 ~ 6mm;When medium is gas, shallow slot degree of depth preferred value: 2 ~ 10 μm, the preferred value of the deep trouth degree of depth: 0.05 ~ 2mm.The degree of depth of deep trouth is the groove with variable depth of identical or different rule, and the groove with variable depth degree of depth is cosine wave change, or wavy is deepened by downstream to upstream is inclined, or is shoaled by upstream to downstream linearly rule or stepped shoal step by step;Described drainage trough 4 in opposite direction and collecting tray 5 anglec of rotation range of degrees be: 8 ~ 20;The along the circumferential direction extension two-way with radial direction of described drainage trough 4 and collecting tray 5, and its width radially becomes narrow gradually to downstream by upstream.
Described drainage trough 4 and the collecting tray 5 texture shape on seal face can be V-shaped groove, helicla flute, Y shape helicla flute, L-shaped helicla flute, half-arc groove, wave channel, two-way U-lag, T-slot, two-way tree-like groove, unidirectional chevron-notch etc..
Embodiment 2
Seeing Fig. 2, the present embodiment is the pumping bidirectional rotation Y shape groove 6 and directivity ellipse macropore 7 radially restrained with the end face upstream being a difference in that described rotating ring or stationary ring of embodiment 1.The arrangement form being positioned at upstream bidirectional rotation Y shape groove is along the circumferential direction to be centrosymmetric to be uniformly distributed;Root 63 width in radial directions of described bidirectional rotation Y shape groove is equal, and its value scope is between 0.5 ~ 2mm;The degree of depth of the root 63 of described bidirectional rotation Y shape groove 6 is at 2 ~ 50 μm or 0.05 ~ 8mm, can be to wait deep trouth or groove with variable depth, groove with variable depth is radially linearly gradually become shallower as to downstream by upstream, or inclined cosine is wavy, inclined wave wave-like and stepped shoal step by step, the medium wherein sealing viscosity big takes bigger depth value;Left branch part 61 and the right branch part 62 of described bidirectional rotation Y shape groove are connected with each other and are symmetric shape, radially become narrow gradually by the width of upstream to downstream, left branch part 61 and right branch part 62 spiral angle 10, its value scope desirable 8 ~ 20 in Fig. 2;The left branch part 61 of described bidirectional rotation Y shape groove and right branch part 62 degree of depth, between 2 ~ 500 μm, can be to wait deep trouth or groove with variable depth, and groove with variable depth is radially gradually become shallower as by upstream to downstream, or inclined cosine is wavy and stepped shoals step by step.Described directivity ellipse macropore 7 long axis length in fig. 2 is 20mm, minor axis length 10mm, angle of inclination is 180, and the pass size of directivity ellipse macropore 3, angle of inclination and texture form are not limited to shown in the present embodiment, can be size range required in letter of authorization and texture pass.Remaining structure is same as in Example 1 with embodiment.
Embodiment 3
Seeing Fig. 3, the end face downstream being a difference in that described rotating ring or stationary ring of the present embodiment and embodiment 1,2 is the reversing pump square auger shape shallow slot 10 and the semicircular arc deep trouth 8 being positioned at upstream side radially restrained and directivity is two-fold adds rhombus macropore 9.Described downstream spiral type shallow slot 10 arrangement form is along the circumferential direction to be centrosymmetric to be uniformly distributed, and is become narrow gradually to upstream breadth by downstream in radial directions, its spiral angle 12;The depth bounds of described downstream spiral type shallow slot 10 is 2 ~ 50 μm;The spiral type shallow slot in described downstream and the maximum radial distance of end face upstream side are 8mm.Described upstream side semicircular arc deep trouth 8 is for waiting deep trouth, and depth bounds 0.05 ~ 8mm, its diameter span is 100 ~ 5000 μm.Distance range between the two-fold two diamond hole short axle diagonal summits adding rhombus macropore 9 of described directivity can be taken as 0.05 ~ 10mm.Remaining structure and embodiment and embodiment 1, embodiment 2 are identical.
Embodiment 4
Seeing Fig. 4, the present embodiment is provided with the directional diamond macropore 13 in periodic distribution, waveform deep trouth 12 and micro-hole 11 with the end face upstream side being a difference in that described rotating ring or stationary ring of embodiment 3, can strengthen dynamic pressure effect and the restriction effect of liquid.The arrangement form of described micropore texture is along the circumferential direction to arrange and the distribution that is centrosymmetric with macropore transpostion interval, and its degree of depth is 1.5 ~ 150 μm, and the length of side of micropore or diameter are in the range of 10 ~ 500 μm, and area density scope is 0.05 ~ 0.8;The angle of inclination of directional diamond macropore 13 is 45;Described micropore can be circle, triangle, rhombus, rectangle, square or oval etc., and the minimum clearance between each micropore is 0.2mm;Described have the most directional microporous angle of inclination desirable 0 ~ 360.Remaining structure and embodiment and embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 are identical.
Content described in this specification embodiment is only to enumerate inventive concept way of realization; protection scope of the present invention is not construed as being only limitted to implementing the concrete form that legend is stated, protection scope of the present invention also and in those skilled in the art according to present inventive concept it is conceivable that equivalent technologies means.

Claims (10)

1. the non-contact mechanical seal structure that directivity macropore combines with three dimensional type groove, it includes machine The rotating ring of tool sealing, stationary ring, the end face side of rotating ring and stationary ring is high-pressure side i.e. upstream, and opposite side is low pressure Side i.e. downstream,
It is characterized in that: the end face of described rotating ring and stationary ring be provided with radially in convergence inclined plane shape sealing weir, And at least one end face is provided with in convergence shape equally distributed directivity macropore and various three in rotating ring or stationary ring D type groove;Described directivity macropore has directivity, is the shallow slot of mm-scale;Described three dimensional type groove is micro- The shallow slot of metrical scale or the deep trouth of mm-scale, and be distributed uniformly and circumferentially in seal face respectively upper Trip, downstream or upstream and downstream.
Directivity macropore the most according to claim 1 is close with the non-contact type mechanical that three dimensional type groove combines Seal structure, it is characterised in that: described directivity macropore and three dimensional type groove are according to center of rotation spacing radially Symmetrical.
Directivity macropore the most according to claim 1 is close with the non-contact type mechanical that three dimensional type groove combines Seal structure, it is characterised in that: described directivity macropore along seal face radially in being continuously or intermittently distributed, Directivity macropore and three dimensional type groove are circumferential in periodic distribution continuously or intermittently along seal face.
Directivity macropore the most according to claim 1 is close with the non-contact type mechanical that three dimensional type groove combines Seal structure, it is characterised in that: described directivity macropore is the shallow slot of mm-scale, and its degree of depth is 1.5~100 μm; The length of side of directivity macropore or diameter are in the range of 801 μm~20000 μm;The axial ratio of directivity macropore Scope takes 1~25, and area density scope is 0.1~0.55.
Directivity macropore the most according to claim 1 is close with the non-contact type mechanical that three dimensional type groove combines Seal structure, it is characterised in that: described three dimensional type groove is shallow slot or the deep trouth of mm-scale of micro-meter scale, shallow The depth bounds of groove is 2~50 μm, and the depth bounds of deep trouth is 0.05~8mm;Shallow trench etch is in seal face Downstream, deep trouth is etched in the upstream side of seal face;Described three dimensional type groove extend in radial directions and Become narrow gradually by upstream to downstream flute profile width, or width gradually broadens by upstream to downstream direction, directly To outside diameter.
Directivity macropore the most according to claim 5 is close with the non-contact type mechanical that three dimensional type groove combines Seal structure, it is characterised in that: the deep trouth of described three dimensional type groove such as can be at the groove with variable depth of deep or different rule, becomes The deep trouth degree of depth is cosine wave change, or wavy is deepened by downstream to upstream is inclined, or by upstream under Swim linearly rule to shoal, or upstream to downstream is stepped shoals step by step.
Directivity macropore the most according to claim 1 is close with the non-contact type mechanical that three dimensional type groove combines Seal structure, it is characterised in that: described directivity macropore on seal face be shaped as triangle, rhombus, Hexagon or ellipse, and directivity inclination angle is 0 °~360 °;Three dimensional type groove is shaped as V on seal face Shape groove, half-arc groove, wave channel, two-way U-lag, T-slot, two-way tree-like groove or unidirectional chevron-notch.
Directivity macropore the most according to claim 1 is close with the non-contact type mechanical that three dimensional type groove combines Seal structure, it is characterised in that: described directivity macropore or the upstream of three dimensional type grooved ring band or downstream have annular close Envelope dam.
Directivity macropore the most according to claim 8 is close with the non-contact type mechanical that three dimensional type groove combines Seal structure, it is characterised in that: described sealing dam radial width is 0.2~8mm.
The non-contact type mechanical that directivity macropore the most according to claim 5 combines with three dimensional type groove Seal structure, it is characterised in that: the groove depth of described three dimensional type groove: when medium is liquid, the shallow slot degree of depth is 10~30 μm, the deep trouth degree of depth is 0.05~6mm;When medium is gas, the shallow slot degree of depth is 2~10 μm, deep trouth The degree of depth is 0.05~2mm;The helical angle number of degrees of groove are: 8 °~20 °.
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