CN104728451A - Directivity large hole and three-dimensional groove combined non-contact type mechanical sealing structure - Google Patents
Directivity large hole and three-dimensional groove combined non-contact type mechanical sealing structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN104728451A CN104728451A CN201510165134.3A CN201510165134A CN104728451A CN 104728451 A CN104728451 A CN 104728451A CN 201510165134 A CN201510165134 A CN 201510165134A CN 104728451 A CN104728451 A CN 104728451A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/40—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid
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Abstract
The invention provides a directivity large hole and three-dimensional groove combined non-contact type mechanical sealing structure. The structure comprises a mechanically-sealed dynamic ring and a static ring. The end face of the dynamic ring and the end face of the static ring are provided with a sealing dam in a shape of an inclined face converging in the radial direction. At least one of the end face of the dynamic ring or the end face of the static ring is provided with directivity large holes (3) evenly distributed in a convergence mode and various three-dimensional groove shapes (4 and 5). The directivity large holes are provided with the directivity and shallow slots of the millimeter scale. The three-dimensional groove shapes are shallow grooves of the micrometer scale or deep grooves of the millimeter scale and are evenly distributed in the upstream portion or the downstream portion or the upstream portion and the downstream portion of the sealing end faces in the peripheral direction. According to the directivity large hole and three-dimensional groove combined non-contact type mechanical sealing structure, a sealing system has enough opening force, liquid film rigidity and liquid film thickness on the dependence of the remarkable hydrodynamic effect under the situation of small gaps and small differential pressure, and the sealing faces are protected; the requirement that the sealing system has higher self-adaption capacity under variable working conditions can be met on the dependence of the better static pressure effect under the conditions of the low speed, high differential pressure and the like; more solid-particle impurities can be contained due to the large hole diameter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the non-contact mechanical seal structure that a kind of directivity macropore combines with three dimensional type groove, belong to technical field of mechanical.
Background technique
Along with the fast development of the industries such as petrochemical industry, boats and ships and space flight, also more and more higher to the requirement of mechanical seal device, higher condensate film stability and sealing reliability, adapt to changeable working condition and longer Life cycle, and many standards such as few leak-down rate are suggested.At present, the end face texture that can realize non-contact mechanical seal mainly contains unidirectional herringbone spiral chute, unidirectional L shape spiral chute, one-way spiral groove, two-way tree-shaped groove, two-way T-slot etc., is widely used on the gland seal device of rotating equipment.But above-mentioned mechanical seal is to being applicable to changeable working condition, such as, as starting, stopping or be subject to vibration, impact, face deformation, pressure reduction change etc., all there is sealability poor, and the problem that anti-solid particle is limited in one's ability.For this reason, the mechanical seal patent that Chinese scholars has invented multiple microporous end surface texture is applied on liquid gland seal device, but microporous end surface mechanical sealing designed in patent and the end face seal of other flute profile texture, such as disclose a kind of hydrodynamic mechanical seal structure for three-dimensional fish scale-like texture bottom surface type groove as publication number CN101793324A, publication number CN201087764 discloses a kind of variable distribution porous end face mechanical sealing structure, although these sealing configurations have the performance such as withstand voltage and wear-resisting preferably, but under ultrahigh pressure and changeable working condition, the poor stability of liquid film or the limited in one's ability of maintenance end face non-contact state, very easily there is the fretting wear of end face, greatly weaken the anti-attrition advantage of micropore, cause shorten the working life of mechanical seal, sealability is deteriorated.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, under low speed, high pressure, changeable operating mode or large thickness condition, in order to overcome the problem of the limited in one's ability and dynamic pressure effect difference of the anti-solid particle sealed in prior art, prevent from non-contact mechanical seal operating mode in the process run from changing cause end wear and make its seal failure, the invention provides a kind of directivity macropore and the three-dimensional groove-shaped non-contact mechanical seal structure that combines.
Realizing technological scheme of the present invention is,
Directivity macropore and the three-dimensional groove-shaped non-contact mechanical seal structure combined, it comprises rotating ring, the stationary ring of mechanical seal; The end face side of rotating ring and stationary ring is high pressure, side and upstream; Opposite side is low voltage side, i.e. downstream.
The non-slotted district that the rotating ring of structure of the present invention and the end face of stationary ring are provided with radially in convergence inclined plane shape is sealing weir and the annular unslotted district between upstream, downstream and pass, be referred to as to seal dam, and in rotating ring or stationary ring, at least one end face is provided with in convergence shape equally distributed directivity macropore and various three-dimensional groove-shaped; Described directivity macropore has obvious directivity, and macropore major axis be its tilt angle by the angle of the seal face diameter at this macropore center, and characterize the directivity of macropore by this angle; Described three-dimensional groove-shaped be the shallow slot of micro-meter scale or the deep trouth of mm-scale, and respectively circumferentially shape be uniformly distributed in the upstream of seal face, downstream or upstream and downstream.
Further, described directivity macropore and three-dimensional groove-shaped equidistantly symmetrical radially according to rotating center.
Further, described directivity macropore along seal face radial direction in being uniformly distributed continuously or intermittently, directivity macropore and three-dimensional groove-shaped be continuous or interrupted periodic distribution along seal face circumferential direction.
Further, described directivity macropore is the shallow slot of mm-scale, and its degree of depth is 1.5 ~ 100 μm, and the length of side of macropore or the scope of diameter are 801 μm ~ 20000 μm, and the scope of axial ratio gets 1 ~ 25, and area density scope is 0.1 ~ 0.55.
Further, described three-dimensional groove-shaped be the shallow slot of micro-meter scale or the deep trouth of mm-scale, its shallow slot depth bounds is 2 ~ 50 μm, and deep trouth depth bounds is 0.05 ~ 8mm; Shallow trench etch is in the downstream side of seal face, and deep trouth is positioned at the upstream side of seal face; When medium is liquid, the preferable range of the shallow slot degree of depth is 10 ~ 30 μm, the preferable range of the deep trouth degree of depth: 0.05 ~ 6mm; When medium is gas, shallow slot degree of depth preferable range is 2 ~ 10 μm, and the preferred value of the deep trouth degree of depth is 0.05 ~ 2mm; The helix angle number of degrees of groove are 8o ~ 20o.Describedly three-dimensional groove-shapedly extend in radial directions and narrowed gradually (pumping groove) by upstream to downstream flute profile width, or to be broadened gradually (reverse pumping groove), until outside diameter by width on upstream to downstream direction.
Further, described three-dimensional groove-shaped deep trouth such as to can be at the groove with variable depth that is dark or different rule, the groove with variable depth degree of depth is cosine wave change, or is that inclined wave wave-like deepens by downstream to upstream, or by upstream to downstream linearly rule shoal or steppedly to shoal step by step.
Further, between the upstream of described directivity macropore or three-dimensional groove-shaped endless belt, downstream or pass, there is ring packing dam, and its radial width value: 0.2 ~ 8mm.
The shape of directivity macropore in the present invention on seal face is triangle, rhombus, rectangle, Hexagon, square or oval etc., and directivity inclination angle is 0o ~ 360o; Described three-dimensional groove-shaped shape on seal face is V-shaped groove, spiral chute, Y shape spiral chute, L shape spiral chute, half-arc groove, wave channel, two-way U-groove bevel, T-slot, two-way tree-like groove, unidirectional chevron-notch etc.
Working principle of the present invention is, after directivity macropore in the present invention makes the pressure flow produced by zone of high pressure enter porose area, be subject to the impact of shear action, fluid is along the flowing of macropore long axis direction, and the aperture longer because of it and directivity, cause liquid to increase in the flow process of porose area, fluid is subject to constantly accumulation and extruding, pressure improves gradually, can significantly improve the dynamic pressure opening feature of liquid film between sealing surface, cavitation effect and condensate film stability, can change the lubrication property of seal face liquid film well; And large aperture more can hold the particulate contamination between end face and store lubricant medium, reduces the fretting wear of seal face.Three-dimensional groove in the present invention is in upstream high district, and bootable fluid enters seal face and produces diversion boosting effect, its hydrostatic effects is strengthened, and produces strong lubrication effect.When rotated, pump can be produced and draw effect, receive fluid, guarantee to be sealed in startup, low speed and higher differential pressure time, there is strong opening force and sufficient lubricating fluid, prevent the dry friction between seal face; Meanwhile, three-dimensional groove can easier receive solid particle and be ground, and the wear damage of end face is reduced to minimum.And be in the more shallow three-dimensional groove of down stream low pressure zones, when seal face rotates, the liquid leaked out can be transmitted back to seal face by three-dimensional groove acting in opposition, thus substantially reduce leakage rate, improve sealability.The sealing dam that the present invention is formed stopping, low speed time the effect that serves good sealing effect and stop further fluid to leak, and be positioned on high-tension side ring dam district solid particle also can be stoped to enter between seal face or area of low pressure.
Advantage and the beneficial effect of large aperture of the present invention and the three-dimensional groove-shaped mechanical seal structure combined are:
Because the present invention opens directivity macropore on seal face, can change the lubrication property of end face liquid film well, convection cell produces and collects and diversion function, and significantly improves the cavitation effect of liquid film between sealing surface, dynamic pressure opening feature and condensate film stability; And large aperture more can hold the particulate contamination between end face and store lubricant medium, reduces the fretting wear of seal face.The present invention, in the upstream of seal face, catchment or catchment, upstream, processes three-dimensional groove, its hydrostatic effects is strengthened, also has the ability of partial reflux or pumping.And described upstream deep trouth can be end face provides strong lubrication and cooling effect, because the obvious thermal distortion in slotted zones and slotless district or force deformation difference form the controllability circumference waviness being adapted to operational condition on end face under high parameter condition, thus produce hydrodynamic effect and hydrostatic effects; The medium leaked out again pump can be drawn back seal face by the shallow slot of catchment, constantly accumulates increase at the Top dielectric pressure of groove, while strengthening the dynamic pressure effect of end face, greatly reduces leakage rate, realizes the object of zero leakage.
In sum, the present invention relies on significant dynamic pressure effect in the situation such as small―gap suture and small pressure difference seal systems, makes it have enough opening forces, liquid film stiffness and liquid film thickness, protection sealing surface, improves the reliability and life-span that use; Under the situation such as low speed and High Pressure Difference, rely on good hydrostatic effects, make it have better face opening, and then meet mechanical seal device under changeable operating mode, there is stronger adaptive ability; Large aperture can hold the ability of more solid particle polluter.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the end view of a kind of mechanical seal embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the end view of a kind of mechanical seal embodiment 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the end view of a kind of mechanical seal embodiment 3 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the end view of a kind of mechanical seal embodiment 4 of the present invention;
In figure, 1 is endless belt sealing dam; 2 Shi Ba districts; 3 is directional diamond macropore (inclination angle, direction 90o); 4 is drainage troughs; 5 is collecting traies; 6 is bidirectional rotation Y shape grooves; The left branch part of 61Y shape groove; 62 is the right branch parts of Y shape groove; 63 is Y shape groove roots; 7 is the oval macropores (inclination angle, direction 180o) of directivity; 8 is semicircular arc deep trouths; 9 is that directivity is two-fold adds rhombus macropore (inclination angle, direction 180o); 10 is spirality wire casings; 11 is micro-holes; 12 is waveform deep holes; 13 is directional diamond macropore (inclination angle, direction 45o).
embodiment
Embodiment 1
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of directivity macropore and the three-dimensional groove-shaped untouchable mechanical seal structure that combines, comprise the rotating ring of mechanical seal, stationary ring, and the end face side of described rotating ring and stationary ring is high pressure side and upstream, and opposite side is low voltage side and downstream.In described rotating ring or stationary ring, the end face of at least one seal ring is provided with the contrary spiral chute (drainage trough 4 and collecting tray 5) in directional diamond macropore 3, direction, dam district 2, endless belt sealing dam 1.Described directional diamond macropore 3 is shallow bore holes of mm-scale, its degree of depth is 1.5 ~ 100 μm, the length of side of macropore or the scope of diameter are 801 μm ~ 20000 μm, the scope of axial ratio gets 1 ~ 25, area density scope is 0.1 ~ 0.55, and the angle of inclination of the present embodiment end face directivity macropore is 90o; Described directional diamond macropore 3 can also be the hole that triangle, rectangle, square, regular hexagon or ellipse etc. have obvious directivity, and the minimum clearance between each macropore is 0.5mm.Described drainage trough 4 and collecting tray 5 are the shallow slot of micro-meter scale or the deep trouth of mm-scale, and its depth bounds is 2 ~ 50 μm or 0.05 ~ 8mm.Shallow slot depth bounds is 2 ~ 50 μm, when medium is liquid, and the preferred value of the shallow slot degree of depth: 10 ~ 30 μm, the preferred value of the deep trouth degree of depth: 0.05 ~ 6mm; When medium is gas, shallow slot degree of depth preferred value: 2 ~ 10 μm, the preferred value of the deep trouth degree of depth: 0.05 ~ 2mm.The degree of depth of deep trouth is the groove with variable depth of identical or different rule, and the groove with variable depth degree of depth is cosine wave change, or is that inclined wave wave-like deepens by downstream to upstream, or by upstream to downstream linearly rule shoal or steppedly to shoal step by step; The drainage trough 4 that described direction is contrary and collecting tray 5 angle of rotation range of degrees are: 8o ~ 20o; The along the circumferential direction two-way extension with radial direction of described drainage trough 4 and collecting tray 5, and its width is radially narrowed to downstream gradually by upstream.
Described drainage trough 4 and the collecting tray 5 texture shape on seal face can be V-shaped groove, spiral chute, Y shape spiral chute, L shape spiral chute, half-arc groove, wave channel, two-way U-groove bevel, T-slot, two-way tree-like groove, unidirectional chevron-notch etc.
Embodiment 2
See Fig. 2, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is the end face upstream of described rotating ring or stationary ring is the pumping bidirectional rotation Y shape groove 6 and the oval macropore 7 of directivity of radially restraining.The arrangement form being positioned at upstream bidirectional rotation Y shape groove is along the circumferential direction centrosymmetric to be uniformly distributed; Width is equal in radial directions for the root 63 of described bidirectional rotation Y shape groove, and its value scope is between 0.5 ~ 2mm; The degree of depth of the root 63 of described bidirectional rotation Y shape groove 6 is at 2 ~ 50 μm or 0.05 ~ 8mm, deep trouth or the groove with variable depth such as to can be, groove with variable depth is radially linearly shoaled to downstream gradually by upstream, or in wavy, the inclined wave wave-like of inclination cosine with steppedly to shoal step by step, the medium wherein sealing viscosity large gets larger depth value; The left branch part 61 of described bidirectional rotation Y shape groove and right branch part 62 are interconnected and are symmetric shape, radially narrowed gradually by the width in upstream to downstream side, left branch part 61 and right branch part 62 spiral angle 10o, the desirable 8o ~ 20o of its value scope in Fig. 2; The left branch part 61 of described bidirectional rotation Y shape groove and right branch part 62 degree of depth are between 2 ~ 500 μm, and deep trouth or the groove with variable depth such as to can be, groove with variable depth is radially shoaled gradually by upstream to downstream, or wavy and steppedly to shoal step by step in inclination cosine.The oval macropore 7 of described directivity long axis length is in fig. 2 20mm, minor axis length 10mm, angle of inclination is 180o, and the pass size of the oval macropore 3 of directivity, angle of inclination and texture form are not limited to shown in the present embodiment, can be dimensional range required in letter of authorization and texture pass.All the other structures are identical with embodiment 1 with mode of execution.
Embodiment 3
See Fig. 3, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1,2 reversing pump square auger shape shallow slot 10 and the semicircular arc deep trouth 8 being positioned at upstream side that to be end face downstreams of described rotating ring or stationary ring be radially restrains and directivity is two-fold adds rhombus macropore 9.Described downstream spirality shallow slot 10 arrangement form is along the circumferential direction centrosymmetric to be uniformly distributed, and narrowed gradually in radial directions by downstream to upstream width, its spiral angle 12 o; The depth bounds of described downstream spirality shallow slot 10 is 2 ~ 50 μm; The spirality shallow slot in described downstream side and the maximum radial distance of end face upstream side are 8mm.Described upstream side semicircular arc deep trouth 8 is for waiting deep trouth, and depth bounds 0.05 ~ 8mm, its diameter span is 100 ~ 5000 μm.Distance range between the two-fold two rhombic hole minor axis diagonal summits adding rhombus macropore 9 of described directivity can be taken as 0.05 ~ 10mm.All the other structures and mode of execution and embodiment 1, embodiment 2 are identical.
Embodiment 4
See Fig. 4, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 3 is directional diamond macropore 13, waveform deep trouth 12 and micro-holes 11 that the end face upstream side of described rotating ring or stationary ring is provided with in periodic distribution, can strengthen dynamic pressure effect and the restriction effect of liquid.The arrangement form of described micropore texture along the circumferential direction arranges with macropore transpostion interval and be centrosymmetric to distribute, and its degree of depth is 1.5 ~ 150 μm, and the length of side of micropore or the scope of diameter are 10 ~ 500 μm, and area density scope is 0.05 ~ 0.8; The angle of inclination of directional diamond macropore 13 is 45o; Described micropore can be circle, triangle, rhombus, rectangle, square or oval etc., and the minimum clearance between each micropore is 0.2mm; Described have the desirable 0o ~ 360o in obviously directional microporous angle of inclination.All the other structures and mode of execution and embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 are identical.
Content described in this specification embodiment is only enumerating inventive concept way of realization; protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as being only limitted to implementing the concrete form that legend is stated, protection scope of the present invention also and conceive the equivalent technologies means that can expect according to the present invention in those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. directivity macropore and the three-dimensional groove-shaped non-contact mechanical seal structure combined, it comprises rotating ring, the stationary ring of mechanical seal, and the end face side of rotating ring and stationary ring is high pressure side and upstream, and opposite side is low voltage side and downstream,
It is characterized in that: the end face of described rotating ring and stationary ring is provided with radially in the sealing dam of convergence inclined plane shape, and in rotating ring or stationary ring, at least one end face is provided with in convergence shape equally distributed directivity macropore and various three-dimensional groove-shaped; Described directivity macropore has directivity, is the shallow slot of mm-scale; Described three-dimensional groove-shaped be the shallow slot of micro-meter scale or the deep trouth of mm-scale, and be along the circumferential direction uniformly distributed in the upstream of seal face, downstream or upstream and downstream respectively.
2. directivity macropore according to claim 1 and the three-dimensional groove-shaped non-contact mechanical seal structure combined, is characterized in that: described directivity macropore and three-dimensional groove-shaped spacing is symmetrical radially according to rotating center.
3. directivity macropore according to claim 1 and the three-dimensional groove-shaped non-contact mechanical seal structure combined, it is characterized in that: described directivity macropore along seal face radial direction in distributing continuously or intermittently, directivity macropore and three-dimensional groove-shaped along seal face circumference in continuous or interrupted periodic distribution.
4. directivity macropore according to claim 1 and the three-dimensional groove-shaped non-contact mechanical seal structure combined, it is characterized in that: described directivity macropore is the shallow slot of mm-scale, its degree of depth is 1.5 ~ 100 μm; The length of side of directivity macropore or the scope of diameter are 801 μm ~ 20000 μm; The scope of axial ratio gets 1 ~ 25, and area density scope is 0.1 ~ 0.55.
5. directivity macropore according to claim 1 and the three-dimensional groove-shaped non-contact mechanical seal structure combined, it is characterized in that: described three-dimensional groove-shaped be the shallow slot of micro-meter scale or the deep trouth of mm-scale, the depth bounds of shallow slot is 2 ~ 50 μm, and the depth bounds of deep trouth is 0.05 ~ 8mm; Shallow trench etch is in the downstream side of seal face, and deep trouth is etched in the upstream side of seal face; When medium is liquid, the preferred value of the shallow slot degree of depth is 10 ~ 30 μm, and the preferred value of the deep trouth degree of depth is 0.05 ~ 6mm; When medium is gas, shallow slot degree of depth preferred value is 2 ~ 10 μm, and the preferred value of the deep trouth degree of depth is 0.05 ~ 2mm; The helix angle number of degrees of groove are: 8o ~ 20o; Describedly three-dimensional groove-shapedly extend in radial directions and narrowed gradually by upstream to downstream flute profile width, or to be broadened gradually, until outside diameter by width on upstream to downstream direction.
6. directivity macropore according to claim 5 and the three-dimensional groove-shaped non-contact mechanical seal structure combined, it is characterized in that: described three-dimensional groove-shaped deep trouth such as to can be at the groove with variable depth that is dark or different rule, the groove with variable depth degree of depth is cosine wave change, or be that inclined wave wave-like deepens by downstream to upstream, or by upstream to downstream linearly rule shoal or steppedly to shoal step by step.
7. directivity macropore according to claim 1 and the three-dimensional groove-shaped non-contact mechanical seal structure combined, it is characterized in that: the shape of described directivity macropore on seal face is triangle, rhombus, rectangle, Hexagon, square or oval, and directivity inclination angle is 0o ~ 360o; Three-dimensional groove-shaped shape on seal face is V-shaped groove, spiral chute, Y shape spiral chute, L shape spiral chute, half-arc groove, wave channel, two-way U-groove bevel, T-slot, two-way tree-like groove or unidirectional chevron-notch.
8. directivity macropore according to claim 1 and the three-dimensional groove-shaped non-contact mechanical seal structure combined, is characterized in that: have ring packing dam between the upstream of described directivity macropore or three-dimensional groove-shaped endless belt, downstream or pass.
9. directivity macropore according to claim 8 and the three-dimensional groove-shaped non-contact mechanical seal structure combined, is characterized in that: described sealing dam radial width is 0.2 ~ 8mm.
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Cited By (9)
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CN105987175A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-10-05 | 江西省科学院应用物理研究所 | Mechanical sealing structure with combination of various holes and three-dimensional snowflake-shaped grooves |
CN106128511A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-11-16 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of olive shape pit textured surfaces |
CN107218396A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of end face carries the mechanical seal structure of vein shape shape groove |
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CN106128511A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-11-16 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of olive shape pit textured surfaces |
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CN108571590A (en) * | 2017-03-13 | 2018-09-25 | 清华大学 | Mechanically-sealing apparatus |
CN107218396B (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2019-01-15 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of end face has the mechanical seal structure of vein shape shape slot |
CN107218396A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of end face carries the mechanical seal structure of vein shape shape groove |
CN108506494B (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2020-03-17 | 西安交通大学 | Fish bone-like dry gas sealing structure |
CN108506494A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-09-07 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of imitative fish bone well dry gas sealing structure |
CN108843689A (en) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-20 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of pressing cage and processing method with oil leab |
CN109237042A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-18 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Self-cleaning tooth form dynamic pressure type groove end surface mechanical sealing structure |
CN113028065A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-06-25 | 浙大宁波理工学院 | Sealing device |
CN113028065B (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2023-08-04 | 浙大宁波理工学院 | Sealing device |
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