CN109838562B - Axial multilayer flow passage superposition reinforced pumping mechanical seal structure - Google Patents
Axial multilayer flow passage superposition reinforced pumping mechanical seal structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109838562B CN109838562B CN201910162531.3A CN201910162531A CN109838562B CN 109838562 B CN109838562 B CN 109838562B CN 201910162531 A CN201910162531 A CN 201910162531A CN 109838562 B CN109838562 B CN 109838562B
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The axial multilayer flow channel superposition reinforced pumping mechanical seal structure comprises a moving ring and a static ring, wherein the moving ring comprises a downstream pumping surface layer, a first middle communication layer, a reinforced pumping middle layer, a second middle communication layer, a reinforced pumping bottom layer and a sealing ring matrix; the downstream pumping surface layer is provided with a downstream pumping groove, a sealing weir and a sealing dam without grooves; the first middle communication layer is provided with an upstream communication hole, a middle communication hole and a downstream communication hole; the reinforced pumping bottom layer is provided with a second reinforced pumping groove and a second circumferential sealing weir, the reinforced pumping middle layer is provided with a first reinforced pumping groove and a first circumferential sealing weir, and the second middle communication layer is radially provided with an upstream communication groove, a middle communication groove and a downstream communication groove; the leeward side of the forward flow pumping type groove is communicated with the first enhanced pumping type groove through an upstream communication hole, a middle communication hole and a downstream communication hole, and the first enhanced pumping type groove is communicated with the second enhanced pumping type groove through an upstream communication groove, a middle communication groove and a downstream communication groove.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mechanical end face sealing structure of rotary machinery, in particular to a mechanical end face sealing structure with multiple layers of flow channels axially overlapped, which is used for sealing rotary shafts of rotary machinery such as various compressors, pumps, reaction kettles and the like.
Background
In order to realize non-contact operation of a gas or liquid lubrication mechanical seal end surface, various hydrodynamic and hydrostatic structures with different shapes are often required to be arranged on the seal end surface to form enough hydrodynamic and hydrostatic bearing capacity so as to balance sealing closing force to form a fluid film with a micron-sized thickness, wherein the hydrodynamic groove is most widely used. In order to enhance the bearing capacity and the rigidity of the fluid film of the mechanical seal, the method adopted at present mainly comprises the modification of a seal end face type groove structure and the optimization of dimension parameters, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,172,B1, european patent EP0637706A1, china patent CN104265906B and the like propose unidirectional rotating fluid dynamic pressure groove structures with different shapes, and China patent CN107218395B proposes a ternary twist type groove end face mechanical seal structure. However, optimization of the geometric profile of the single-layer end face groove and the shape of the side wall has limited effect on improving the rigidity and the bearing capacity of the fluid film of the mechanical seal, and the problem that the rigidity and the bearing capacity of the fluid film of the non-contact mechanical seal are not large enough is still outstanding in some occasions with high-speed heavy load or severe disturbance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the rigidity and bearing capacity of the fluid film are not large enough under the high-speed condition of the existing single-layer groove mechanical seal, the invention provides the axial multilayer flow passage superposition reinforced pumping mechanical seal structure which has strong fluid dynamic pressure effect and large fluid film rigidity and is suitable for the high-speed operation condition.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the axial multilayer flow passage superposition reinforced pumping mechanical seal structure comprises a mechanical seal moving ring and a static ring, wherein the moving ring consists of a forward flow pumping surface layer 1, a first middle communication layer 2, a reinforced pumping middle layer 3, a second middle communication layer 4, a reinforced pumping bottom layer 5 and a sealing ring matrix 6 which are sequentially superposed, the end face 14 of the forward flow pumping surface layer 1 is a sealing surface, the reinforced pumping bottom layer 5 is tightly attached to the sealing ring matrix 6, and a first middle communication layer 2, a reinforced pumping middle layer 3 and a second middle communication layer 4 are respectively arranged between the forward flow pumping surface layer 1 and the reinforced pumping bottom layer 5; the downstream pumping surface layer 1 is provided with a downstream pumping groove 11, a sealing weir 12 and a sealing dam 13 without grooves; in the radial direction, the first intermediate communication layer 2 is provided with an upstream communication hole 21, an intermediate communication hole 22, and a downstream communication hole 23, respectively; the reinforced pumping bottom layer 5 is provided with a second reinforced pumping groove 51 and a second circumferential sealing weir 52, the reinforced pumping middle layer 3 is provided with a first reinforced pumping groove 31 and a first circumferential sealing weir 32, and the second middle communication layer 4 is radially provided with an upstream communication groove 41, a middle communication groove 42 and a downstream communication groove 43. The leeward side of the downstream pumping type groove 11 is communicated with a first enhanced pumping type groove 31 on the enhanced pumping middle layer 3 through an upstream communication hole 21, a middle communication hole 22 and a downstream communication hole 23, and the first enhanced pumping type groove 31 is communicated with a second enhanced pumping type groove 51 on the enhanced pumping bottom layer 5 through an upstream communication groove 41, a middle communication groove 42 and a downstream communication groove 43.
The thickness of the downstream pumping skin 1 is 1-100 μm, preferably 5-20 μm.
The first reinforced pumping type groove 31 is aligned with the second reinforced pumping type groove 51, and the upstream communication groove 41, the middle communication groove 42 and the downstream communication groove 43 are positioned on the windward side or the leeward side of the first reinforced pumping type groove 31 and the second reinforced pumping type groove 51; the upstream communication hole 21, the intermediate communication hole 22, and the downstream communication hole 23 are located on the windward side, or the leeward side, of the first enhanced pumping groove 31.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the single-layer groove mechanical seal operates under high-speed conditions, the downstream pumping type groove of the downstream pumping surface layer pumps fluid with pressure on the upstream side into the sealing gap, and the fluid medium flows along the downstream side and the windward side of the downstream pumping type groove, wherein when the fluid flows to the groove root in the radial direction, the fluid flow is compressed by the sealing dam without grooves, and a high-pressure area is generated near the groove root; in the circumferential direction, as fluid flows from the windward side of the sealing weir, the fluid flow gap narrows, the fluid compresses to form a high pressure region near the windward side wall, and as fluid further passes over the sealing weir into an adjacent forward pumping groove, the fluid flow gap widens, the fluid expands to form a low pressure region near the leeward side wall. In fact, the low pressure region near the leeward side wall of the single layer tank is one of the key factors limiting the fluid film load capacity and stiffness. When the axial multilayer flow passage superposition type groove is mechanically sealed and operates at high speed, the reinforced pumping type groove in the reinforced pumping bottom layer is similar to a plurality of closed impellers, fluid medium at the upstream side can be pumped into the groove, the reinforced pumping type groove is pressurized and the fluid pressure is increased, the high-pressure fluid enters the leeward side of the forward pumping type groove through the communication hole of the middle communication layer, and the fluid film pressure of the low-pressure area at the leeward side of the forward pumping type groove can be increased; on the other hand, two fluid flows in the forward flow pumping type groove and the reinforced pumping type groove are converged and extruded in the forward flow pumping type groove to form a stronger fluid dynamic pressure effect, so that the fluid film pressure in the groove can be further improved, and the bearing capacity and the rigidity of the fluid film at the sealing end face are further improved.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) The high-pressure fluid on the windward side of the reinforced pumping type groove enters the leeward side groove bottom of the forward pumping type groove through the communication hole, so that the air film pressure of the leeward side low-pressure area in the forward pumping type groove can be improved; the two fluids in the reinforced pumping type groove and the downstream pumping type groove are converged and extruded in the downstream pumping type groove, so that the dynamic pressure effect of the end surface fluid can be further enhanced, and compared with the mechanical seal of the single-layer type groove, the mechanical seal has stronger fluid film rigidity and bearing capacity under the condition of the same film thickness.
(2) The quantity of the reinforced pumping layers and the structural shape and size parameters of the reinforced pumping grooves of each layer are reasonably designed to regulate and control the air film pressure distribution in the downstream pumping grooves in the downstream pumping surface layer, so that the regulation and control of performance parameters such as the mechanical seal opening force and the leakage rate are realized, and the adaptability of the mechanical seal to different working conditions is improved.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an axially disassembled schematic view of a multi-layer flow channel sealing structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic end-face structure of a downstream pumping skin of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, an axial multilayer flow channel superposition reinforced pumping mechanical seal structure comprises a mechanical seal moving ring and a mechanical seal static ring, wherein the moving ring is composed of a forward flow pumping surface layer 1, a first middle communication layer 2, a reinforced pumping middle layer 3, a second middle communication layer 4, a reinforced pumping bottom layer 5 and a sealing ring matrix 6 which are sequentially superposed, the end face 14 of the forward flow pumping surface layer 1 is a sealing surface, the reinforced pumping bottom layer 5 is tightly attached to the sealing ring matrix 6, and a first middle communication layer 2, a reinforced pumping middle layer 3 and a second middle communication layer 4 are respectively arranged between the forward flow pumping surface layer 1 and the reinforced pumping bottom layer 5; the downstream pumping surface layer 1 is provided with a downstream pumping groove 11, a sealing weir 12 and a sealing dam 13 without grooves; in the radial direction, the first intermediate communication layer 2 is provided with an upstream communication hole 21, an intermediate communication hole 22, and a downstream communication hole 23, respectively; the reinforced pumping bottom layer 5 is provided with a second reinforced pumping groove 51 and a second circumferential sealing weir 52, the reinforced pumping middle layer 3 is provided with a first reinforced pumping groove 31 and a first circumferential sealing weir 32, and the second middle communication layer 4 is radially provided with an upstream communication groove 41, a middle communication groove 42 and a downstream communication groove 43. The leeward side of the downstream pumping type groove 11 is communicated with a first enhanced pumping type groove 31 on the enhanced pumping middle layer 3 through an upstream communication hole 21, a middle communication hole 22 and a downstream communication hole 23, and the first enhanced pumping type groove 31 is communicated with a second enhanced pumping type groove 51 on the enhanced pumping bottom layer 5 through an upstream communication groove 41, a middle communication groove 42 and a downstream communication groove 43. The thickness of the downstream pumping skin 1 is 1-100 μm, preferably 5-20 μm.
The first reinforced pumping type groove 31 is aligned with the second reinforced pumping type groove 51, and the upstream communication groove 41, the middle communication groove 42 and the downstream communication groove 43 are positioned on the windward side or the leeward side of the first reinforced pumping type groove 31 and the second reinforced pumping type groove 51; the upstream communication hole 21, the intermediate communication hole 22, and the downstream communication hole 23 are located on the windward side, or the leeward side, of the first enhanced pumping groove 31.
The embodiments described in the present specification are merely examples of implementation forms of the inventive concept, and the scope of protection of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, but the scope of protection of the present invention and equivalent technical means as will occur to those skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an axial multilayer runner stack reinforces pumping mechanical seal structure, includes mechanical seal's rotating ring and quiet ring, its characterized in that: the movable ring consists of a forward flow pumping surface layer (1), a first middle communication layer (2), a reinforced pumping middle layer (3), a second middle communication layer (4), a reinforced pumping bottom layer (5) and a sealing ring substrate (6) which are sequentially overlapped, wherein the end face (14) of the forward flow pumping surface layer is a sealing surface, the reinforced pumping bottom layer (5) is tightly attached to the sealing ring substrate (6), and the first middle communication layer (2), the reinforced pumping middle layer (3) and the second middle communication layer (4) are respectively arranged between the forward flow pumping surface layer (1) and the reinforced pumping bottom layer (5); the downstream pumping surface layer (1) is provided with a downstream pumping type groove (11), a sealing weir (12) and a sealing weir (13) without grooves; in the radial direction, an upstream communication hole (21), an intermediate communication hole (22) and a downstream communication hole (23) are respectively arranged on the first intermediate communication layer (2); the reinforced pumping bottom layer (5) is provided with a second reinforced pumping groove (51) and a second circumferential sealing weir (52), the reinforced pumping middle layer (3) is provided with a first reinforced pumping groove (31) and a first circumferential sealing weir (32), and the second middle communication layer (4) is radially provided with an upstream communication groove (41), a middle communication groove (42) and a downstream communication groove (43); the leeward side of the forward flow pumping type groove (11) is communicated with a first reinforced pumping type groove (31) on the reinforced pumping middle layer (3) through an upstream communication hole (21), a middle communication hole (22) and a downstream communication hole (23), and the first reinforced pumping type groove (31) is communicated with a second reinforced pumping type groove (51) on the reinforced pumping bottom layer (5) through an upstream communication groove (41), a middle communication groove (42) and a downstream communication groove (43).
2. The axial multi-layer flow channel superposition reinforced pumping mechanical seal structure according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the downstream pumping surface layer (1) is 1-100 mu m.
3. The axial multi-layer flow channel superposition reinforced pumping mechanical seal structure according to claim 2, wherein: the thickness of the downstream pumping surface layer (1) is 5-20 mu m.
4. The axial multi-layer flow channel superposition reinforced pumping mechanical seal structure according to claim 1, wherein: the first reinforced pumping type groove (31) is aligned with the second reinforced pumping type groove (51), and the upstream communication groove (41), the middle communication groove (42) and the downstream communication groove (43) are positioned on the windward side or the leeward side of the first reinforced pumping type groove (31), the second reinforced pumping type groove (51); the upstream communication hole (21), the intermediate communication hole (22) and the downstream communication hole (23) are located on the windward side, or leeward side, of the first enhanced pumping groove (31).
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| CN201910162531.3A CN109838562B (en) | 2019-03-05 | 2019-03-05 | Axial multilayer flow passage superposition reinforced pumping mechanical seal structure |
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| CN201910162531.3A CN109838562B (en) | 2019-03-05 | 2019-03-05 | Axial multilayer flow passage superposition reinforced pumping mechanical seal structure |
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| CN109838562A CN109838562A (en) | 2019-06-04 |
| CN109838562B true CN109838562B (en) | 2024-03-26 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09503276A (en) * | 1993-09-01 | 1997-03-31 | デュラメタリック コーポレーション | Face-sealing device with angled annular groove |
| CN102588600A (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2012-07-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Profiled groove end surface non-contact mechanical seal with backflow function |
| CN103062412A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Micro-bulge double-layer composite groove deep end surface mechanical seal structure |
| CN103267132A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-28 | 南京林业大学 | Self-pumping fluid-dynamic-pressure-type mechanical seal |
| CN104913066A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-16 | 浙江工业大学 | Mechanical sealing structure of gas lubricating end face with human pyramid-like combined groove deep grooves |
| CN209839156U (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-12-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Axial multilayer runner stacking reinforced pumping mechanical sealing structure |
-
2019
- 2019-03-05 CN CN201910162531.3A patent/CN109838562B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09503276A (en) * | 1993-09-01 | 1997-03-31 | デュラメタリック コーポレーション | Face-sealing device with angled annular groove |
| CN102588600A (en) * | 2012-02-15 | 2012-07-18 | 浙江工业大学 | Profiled groove end surface non-contact mechanical seal with backflow function |
| CN103062412A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Micro-bulge double-layer composite groove deep end surface mechanical seal structure |
| CN103267132A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-08-28 | 南京林业大学 | Self-pumping fluid-dynamic-pressure-type mechanical seal |
| CN104913066A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-16 | 浙江工业大学 | Mechanical sealing structure of gas lubricating end face with human pyramid-like combined groove deep grooves |
| CN209839156U (en) * | 2019-03-05 | 2019-12-24 | 浙江工业大学 | Axial multilayer runner stacking reinforced pumping mechanical sealing structure |
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| CN109838562A (en) | 2019-06-04 |
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