CN109234581A - A kind of engine cylinder body silumin material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of engine cylinder body silumin material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of engine cylinder body silumin materials, it is related to field of aluminum alloys, it is made of by mass percentage following each chemical component: silicon 8-10, copper 1.0-6.0, magnesium 0.1-0.6, nickel 0.3-0.8, manganese 0.2-0.4, iron 0.6-1.0, remaining is aluminium, the invention also discloses a kind of engine cylinder body preparation methods of silumin material, prepare including ingredient, melting, sampling analysis, cast and be heat-treated and etc., design is scientific and reasonable for al alloy component of the present invention, smelting and pouring process is simple to operation, complicated operation equipment is not needed in technique, with versatility and universality, conducive to popularization.Pass through optimized alloy chemical component, and using melting, casting and the heat treatment process of science, the mechanical property of alloy at high temperature can not only be improved, and the stability of alloy strengthening phase can be improved, it prevents the precipitation of hardening constituent and grows up, further increase the properties of aluminium alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of aluminum alloys, and in particular to a kind of engine cylinder body silumin material and one kind are started
The preparation method of machine cylinder body silumin material.
Background technique
With the continuous development of automobile market, continuous universal, low oil consumption, low emission, the safe and reliable, performance of family-sized car
The excellent equal main trend for automobile future development.And automotive light weight technology require engine weight and volume will minimize and
Lightweight, so researching and developing novel High-strength light-weight material becomes the most important thing, wherein high-intensity and high-tenacity aluminium alloy is then
Material first.Cast aluminium alloy gold is with density is low, specific volume is small, intensity is high, cast form is good and processing performance is excellent, expansion system
The series of advantages such as small and good fluidity are counted, are widely used in the industries such as automobile, Aeronautics and Astronautics and household electrical appliances.State at present
Inside and outside major part Cylinder-Block, cylinder cap have been produced using high-strength aluminum alloy substantially, because of the every reduction of car mass
Double centner, per 100 km can be 0.6 liters of fuel-economizing, and if vehicle complete vehicle weight reduce by 10%, 6-8% can be improved in fuel efficiency.For
Reduction fuel consumption, and also to reduce pollution of the motor vehicle exhaust emission to atmospheric environment, mitigating automotive dead weight is one
Important measure, therefore, automobile casting, which is constantly replaced by high-strength light aluminium casting, has become inevitable development trend.In addition, adopting
With aluminium alloy castings, the heat dissipation effect of engine is also enhanced, improves engine operating efficiency, working life is also longer.
Although the alusil alloy of the existing trade mark has been able to satisfy basic requirement in commonly used performance, work as
When part is in complicated stress state, often there are many shortcomings；And with the continuous improvement of engine power, make
The operating temperature and operating pressure for obtaining cylinder body receiving dramatically increase.In order to adapt to the light-weighted development trend of engine and satisfaction
It is imperative to develop novel high-intensity and high-tenacity aluminum alloy materials for the performance requirement of high-performance enginer.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of engine cylinder body silumin materials and preparation method thereof, to solve
Drawbacks described above.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of high silicon of provided engine cylinder body
Aluminum alloy materials are made of by mass percentage following each chemical component: silicon 8-10, copper 1.0-6.0, magnesium 0.1-0.6, nickel 0.3-
0.8, manganese 0.2-0.4, iron 0.6-1.0, remaining be aluminium.
A kind of engine cylinder body preparation method of silumin material, includes the following steps:
(1) it is spare that all the components are respectively made to fine powder, all tools and mold are carried out at preheating under the conditions of 250 DEG C
Reason, it is spare；
(2) monocrystalline silicon being added in crucible bottom first, the 2/3 of the good fine aluminium amount of coverage, heats up together on silicon,
Silicon slowly melts under the package of molten aluminum, is stirred repeatedly after fusing with graphite rod, adds remaining fine aluminium, is warming up to 820 DEG C
And keep the temperature 30 minutes and carry out stokehold detection to after being completely melt, it is made into Al-Si bianry alloy；At 745-750 DEG C, Al- is added
50%Cu intermediate alloy, stirs evenly, and is completely melt it；Then adjusting furnace temperature is to 730-740 DEG C, be added remaining it is remaining at
Point, heat preservation stands 30 minutes after mixing evenly；
(3) adjusting furnace temperature is added fining agent, stirs evenly to 725-730 DEG C, stands 3-5 minutes；Add at 735-740 DEG C
Enter intermediate alloy alterant, stir evenly, stands 15 minutes；At 725-730 DEG C, the refining agent of quality of molten metal 2-3% will be accounted for
At indentation molten metal intermediate altitude, slowly makees circumference and at banking motion, molten metal is made uniformly to roll, action time 8-10 point
Clock is stood after five minutes, then carries out refining 6-8 minutes by argon gas, stands 20 minutes, then skim, sampling point after skimming
Analysis；
(4) aluminium alloy of ingredient qualification is stood 10-20 minutes, aluminium alloy is poured into warmed-up mold, it is cooling
After take out, be heat-treated, finally obtain product of the present invention.
Preferably, heat treatment condition in the step (4) are as follows: solid solution temperature is 520 DEG C, the solution treatment time
It is 5.5 hours, artificial aging temperature is 170 DEG C, the artificial aging time 8 hours.
As an improvement of the present invention, the invention particularly discloses a kind of engine cylinder body silumin materials
Preparation method, the alloy material are made of by mass percentage following each chemical component: silicon 10, copper 3, magnesium 0.1, manganese 0.3, iron
0.7, nickel 0.5, remaining be aluminium；
The preparation method of above-mentioned alloy material, includes the following steps:
(1) it is spare that all the components are respectively made to fine powder, all tools and mold are carried out at preheating under the conditions of 250 DEG C
Reason, it is spare；
(2) monocrystalline silicon being added in crucible bottom first, the 2/3 of the good fine aluminium amount of coverage, heats up together on silicon,
Silicon slowly melts under the package of molten aluminum, is stirred repeatedly after fusing with graphite rod, adds remaining fine aluminium, is warming up to 820 DEG C
And keep the temperature 30 minutes and carry out stokehold detection to after being completely melt, it is made into Al-Si bianry alloy；At 748 DEG C, Al-50%Cu is added
Intermediate alloy stirs evenly, and is completely melt it；Then adjusting furnace temperature is added remaining residual components, stirs evenly to 735 DEG C
Heat preservation stands 30 minutes afterwards；
(3) adjusting furnace temperature is added fining agent, stirs evenly to 728 DEG C, stands 4 minutes；In 738 DEG C of addition intermediate alloys
Alterant stirs evenly, and stands 15 minutes；At 728 DEG C, the refining agent of quality of molten metal 2.5% will be accounted for in indentation molten metal
Between highly locate, slowly make circumference and at banking motion, molten metal made uniformly to roll, action time 9 minutes, stand after five minutes, then
Refining 7 minutes is carried out by argon gas, stands 20 minutes, then skim, sampling analysis after skimming；
(4) aluminium alloy of ingredient qualification is stood 15 minutes, aluminium alloy is poured into warmed-up mold, taken after cooling
Out, it is heat-treated, heat treatment condition are as follows: solid solution temperature is 520 DEG C, and the solution treatment time is 5-6 hours, manually
Aging temp is 170 DEG C, the artificial aging time 5-10 hours, finally obtains product of the present invention.
Preferably, the fining agent in the step (3) is Al-Ti-B, and the intermediate alloy alterant is Al-10%Sr.
Preferably, refining agent described in the step (3) is C2Cl6。
Beneficial effects of the present invention: design is scientific and reasonable for al alloy component of the present invention, and smelting and pouring process is simple to operation,
Complicated operation equipment is not needed in technique, there is versatility and universality, is conducive to promote.By optimized alloy chemical component,
And using melting, casting and the heat treatment process of science, the mechanical property of alloy at high temperature can not only be improved, and can improve
The stability of alloy strengthening phase prevents the precipitation of hardening constituent and grows up, further increases the properties of aluminium alloy.The present invention can
For manufacturing engine cylinder body, by using high-performance aluminium alloy, thinned, mitigation can be achieved the effect that automobile engine,
Realize engine lightweight.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, by aggregate embodiment, the invention will be further described below, the embodiment
For explaining only the invention, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..
Embodiment 1
A kind of engine cylinder body silumin material, is made of by mass percentage following each chemical component: silicon 10,
Copper 3, magnesium 0.1, manganese 0.3, iron 0.7, nickel 0.5, remaining be aluminium；
The preparation method of above-mentioned alloy material, includes the following steps:
(1) it is spare that all the components are respectively made to fine powder, all tools and mold are carried out at preheating under the conditions of 250 DEG C
Reason, it is spare；
(2) monocrystalline silicon being added in crucible bottom first, the 2/3 of the good fine aluminium amount of coverage, heats up together on silicon,
Silicon slowly melts under the package of molten aluminum, is stirred repeatedly after fusing with graphite rod, adds remaining fine aluminium, is warming up to 820 DEG C
And keep the temperature 30 minutes and carry out stokehold detection to after being completely melt, it is made into Al-Si bianry alloy；At 748 DEG C, Al-50%Cu is added
Intermediate alloy stirs evenly, and is completely melt it；Then adjusting furnace temperature is added remaining residual components, stirs evenly to 735 DEG C
Heat preservation stands 30 minutes afterwards；
(3) adjusting furnace temperature is added fining agent, stirs evenly to 728 DEG C, stands 4 minutes；In 738 DEG C of addition intermediate alloys
Alterant stirs evenly, and stands 15 minutes；At 728 DEG C, the refining agent of quality of molten metal 2.5% will be accounted for in indentation molten metal
Between highly locate, slowly make circumference and at banking motion, molten metal made uniformly to roll, action time 9 minutes, stand after five minutes, then
Refining 7 minutes is carried out by argon gas, stands 20 minutes, then skim, sampling analysis after skimming；
(4) aluminium alloy of ingredient qualification is stood 15 minutes, aluminium alloy is poured into warmed-up mold, taken after cooling
Out, it is heat-treated, heat treatment condition are as follows: solid solution temperature is 520 DEG C, and the solution treatment time is 5.5 hours, manually
Aging temp is 170 DEG C, the artificial aging time 8 hours, finally obtains product of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the fining agent in the step (3) is Al-Ti-B, and the intermediate alloy alterant is Al-
10%Sr.
In the present embodiment, refining agent described in the step (3) is C2Cl6。
Embodiment 2
A kind of engine cylinder body silumin material, is made of by mass percentage following each chemical component: silicon 8,
Copper 1, magnesium 0.1, manganese 0.2, iron 0.6, nickel 0.3, remaining be aluminium；
The preparation method of above-mentioned alloy material, includes the following steps:
(1) it is spare that all the components are respectively made to fine powder, all tools and mold are carried out at preheating under the conditions of 250 DEG C
Reason, it is spare；
(2) monocrystalline silicon being added in crucible bottom first, the 2/3 of the good fine aluminium amount of coverage, heats up together on silicon,
Silicon slowly melts under the package of molten aluminum, is stirred repeatedly after fusing with graphite rod, adds remaining fine aluminium, is warming up to 820 DEG C
And keep the temperature 30 minutes and carry out stokehold detection to after being completely melt, it is made into Al-Si bianry alloy；At 745 DEG C, Al-50%Cu is added
Intermediate alloy stirs evenly, and is completely melt it；Then adjusting furnace temperature is added remaining residual components, stirs evenly to 730 DEG C
Heat preservation stands 30 minutes afterwards；
(3) adjusting furnace temperature is added fining agent, stirs evenly to 725 DEG C, stands 4 minutes；In 735 DEG C of addition intermediate alloys
Alterant stirs evenly, and stands 15 minutes；At 725 DEG C, will account among the refining agent indentation molten metal of quality of molten metal 2%
Height is located, and slowly makees circumference and at banking motion, and molten metal is made uniformly to roll, and action time 8 minutes, standing after five minutes, then was led to
It crosses argon gas and carries out refining 6 minutes, stand 20 minutes, then skim, sampling analysis after skimming；
(4) aluminium alloy of ingredient qualification is stood 10 minutes, aluminium alloy is poured into warmed-up mold, taken after cooling
Out, it is heat-treated, heat treatment condition are as follows: solid solution temperature is 520 DEG C, and the solution treatment time is 5 hours, when artificial
Imitating temperature is 170 DEG C, the artificial aging time 5 hours, finally obtains product of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the fining agent in the step (3) is Al-Ti-B, and the intermediate alloy alterant is Al-
10%Sr.
In the present embodiment, refining agent described in the step (3) is C2Cl6。
Embodiment 3
A kind of engine cylinder body silumin material, is made of: silicon by mass percentage following each chemical component
8.5, copper 6, magnesium 0.6, manganese 0.8, iron 1.0, nickel 0.8, remaining be aluminium；
The preparation method of above-mentioned alloy material, includes the following steps:
(1) it is spare that all the components are respectively made to fine powder, all tools and mold are carried out at preheating under the conditions of 250 DEG C
Reason, it is spare；
(2) monocrystalline silicon being added in crucible bottom first, the 2/3 of the good fine aluminium amount of coverage, heats up together on silicon,
Silicon slowly melts under the package of molten aluminum, is stirred repeatedly after fusing with graphite rod, adds remaining fine aluminium, is warming up to 820 DEG C
And keep the temperature 30 minutes and carry out stokehold detection to after being completely melt, it is made into Al-Si bianry alloy；At 750 DEG C, Al-50%Cu is added
Intermediate alloy stirs evenly, and is completely melt it；Then adjusting furnace temperature is added remaining residual components, stirs evenly to 740 DEG C
Heat preservation stands 30 minutes afterwards；
(3) adjusting furnace temperature is added fining agent, stirs evenly to 730 DEG C, stands 4 minutes；In 740 DEG C of addition intermediate alloys
Alterant stirs evenly, and stands 15 minutes；At 730 DEG C, will account among the refining agent indentation molten metal of quality of molten metal 3%
Height is located, and slowly makees circumference and at banking motion, and molten metal is made uniformly to roll, action time 10 minutes, standing after five minutes, then
Refining 8 minutes is carried out by argon gas, stands 20 minutes, then skim, sampling analysis after skimming；
(4) aluminium alloy of ingredient qualification is stood 20 minutes, aluminium alloy is poured into warmed-up mold, taken after cooling
Out, it is heat-treated, heat treatment condition are as follows: solid solution temperature is 520 DEG C, and the solution treatment time is 6 hours, when artificial
Imitating temperature is 170 DEG C, the artificial aging time 10 hours, finally obtains product of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the fining agent in the step (3) is Al-Ti-B, and the intermediate alloy alterant is Al-
10%Sr.
In the present embodiment, refining agent described in the step (3) is C2Cl6。
Product of the present invention is processed into the standard tensile specimen that diameter is 6mm, according to " the metal material room GB/T228-2002
Warm stretching test method " test room-temperature property, the result is as follows:
| Project | Tensile strength (MPa) | Hardness (HBS) | Elongation (%) |
| Embodiment 1 | 290 | 220 | 2.5 |
| Embodiment 2 | 286 | 215 | 2.4 |
| Embodiment 3 | 287 | 218 | 2.4 |
| Comparative example | 275 | 210 | 2.2 |
Obviously present invention specific implementation is not subject to the restrictions described above, as long as using method concept and skill of the invention
The improvement for the various unsubstantialities that art scheme carries out, or not improved the conception and technical scheme of the invention are directly applied to it
Its occasion, it is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of engine cylinder body silumin material, which is characterized in that by mass percentage by following each chemical component
Composition: silicon 8-10, copper 1.0-6.0, magnesium 0.1-0.6, nickel 0.3-0.8, manganese 0.2-0.4, iron 0.6-1.0, remaining be aluminium.
2. a kind of preparation method of engine cylinder body according to claim 1 silumin material, which is characterized in that
Include the following steps:
(1) it is spare that all the components are respectively made to fine powder, all tools and mold are subjected to the pre-heat treatment under the conditions of 250 DEG C,
It is spare；
(2) monocrystalline silicon is added in crucible bottom first, the 2/3 of the good fine aluminium amount of coverage, heats up, silicon exists together on silicon
It slowly melts under the package of molten aluminum, is stirred repeatedly after fusing with graphite rod, add remaining fine aluminium, be warming up to 820 DEG C and protect
Stokehold detection is carried out to after being completely melt within temperature 30 minutes, be made into Al-Si bianry alloy；At 745-750 DEG C, Al-50%Cu is added
Intermediate alloy stirs evenly, and is completely melt it；Then remaining residual components is added to 730-740 DEG C in adjusting furnace temperature, stirring
Heat preservation stands 30 minutes after uniformly；
(3) adjusting furnace temperature is added fining agent, stirs evenly to 725-730 DEG C, stands 3-5 minutes；In being added at 735-740 DEG C
Between alloy inoculant, stir evenly, stand 15 minutes；At 725-730 DEG C, the refining agent for accounting for quality of molten metal 2-3% is pressed
Enter at molten metal intermediate altitude, slowly make circumference and at banking motion, molten metal is made uniformly to roll, action time 8-10 minute,
It stands after five minutes, then refining 6-8 minutes is carried out by argon gas, stand 20 minutes, then skim, sampling analysis after skimming；
(4) aluminium alloy of ingredient qualification is stood 10-20 minutes, aluminium alloy is poured into warmed-up mold, taken after cooling
Out, it is heat-treated, finally obtains product of the present invention.
3. a kind of preparation method of engine cylinder body silumin material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
Heat treatment condition in the step (4) are as follows: solid solution temperature is 520 DEG C, and the solution treatment time is 5-6 hours, manually
Aging temp is 170 DEG C, the artificial aging time 5-10 hours.
4. a kind of preparation method of engine cylinder body silumin material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The alloy material is made of by mass percentage following each chemical component: silicon 10, copper 3, magnesium 0.1, manganese 0.3, iron 0.7,
Nickel 0.5, remaining be aluminium；
The preparation method of above-mentioned alloy material, includes the following steps:
(1) it is spare that all the components are respectively made to fine powder, all tools and mold are subjected to the pre-heat treatment under the conditions of 250 DEG C,
It is spare；
(2) monocrystalline silicon is added in crucible bottom first, the 2/3 of the good fine aluminium amount of coverage, heats up, silicon exists together on silicon
It slowly melts under the package of molten aluminum, is stirred repeatedly after fusing with graphite rod, add remaining fine aluminium, be warming up to 820 DEG C and protect
Stokehold detection is carried out to after being completely melt within temperature 30 minutes, be made into Al-Si bianry alloy；At 748 DEG C, it is added among Al-50%Cu
Alloy stirs evenly, and is completely melt it；Then adjusting furnace temperature is added remaining residual components, protects after mixing evenly to 735 DEG C
Temperature stands 30 minutes；
(3) adjusting furnace temperature is added fining agent, stirs evenly to 728 DEG C, stands 4 minutes；It is rotten in 738 DEG C of addition intermediate alloys
Agent stirs evenly, and stands 15 minutes；It, will be high among the refining agent indentation molten metal for accounting for quality of molten metal 2.5% at 728 DEG C
At degree, slowly make circumference and at banking motion, molten metal is made uniformly to roll, action time 9 minutes, stands after five minutes, then pass through
Argon gas carries out refining 7 minutes, stands 20 minutes, then skim, sampling analysis after skimming；
(4) aluminium alloy of ingredient qualification is stood 15 minutes, aluminium alloy is poured into warmed-up mold, taken out after cooling,
It is heat-treated, heat treatment condition are as follows: solid solution temperature is 520 DEG C, and the solution treatment time is 5.5 hours, when artificial
Imitating temperature is 170 DEG C, 8 hours when artificial aging, finally obtains product of the present invention.
5. a kind of preparation method of engine cylinder body silumin material according to claim 2 or 4, feature exist
In: the fining agent in the step (3) is Al-Ti-B, and the intermediate alloy alterant is Al-10%Sr.
6. a kind of preparation method of engine cylinder body silumin material according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:
Refining agent described in the step (3) is C2Cl6。
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| CN110369949A (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2019-10-25 | 扬州扬子江宝云缸套有限公司 | A kind of engine cylinder body processing technology |
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| CN111254325A (en) * | 2020-01-22 | 2020-06-09 | 保定隆达铝业有限公司 | High-performance aluminum alloy for casting thin-wall structural part and preparation method thereof |
| CN112342416A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-09 | 东莞理工学院 | Method for improving low-temperature mechanical property of cast Al-Si alloy |
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| CN110804708A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-02-18 | 宁波市佳利来机械制造有限公司 | High-strength die-casting aluminum alloy, engine shell and manufacturing method of engine shell |
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| CN112342416A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-09 | 东莞理工学院 | Method for improving low-temperature mechanical property of cast Al-Si alloy |
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