CN116426798A - Low-cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high-temperature use and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Low-cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high-temperature use and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexachloroethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl VHHHONWQHHHLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910017818 Cu—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910016343 Al2Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
- C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/043—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with silicon as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal material preparation, in particular to a low-cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high-temperature use and a preparation method thereof, comprising the following alloy components in parts by weight: 9% of Si, 1% of Cu, 0.5% of Mg, 0.3% of Fe, 0.2% of Cr, 0.32% of Ti, 0.2% of V, 0.2% of Mn, 0.1% of Zr, 0.2% of Mo, 0.008% of Sr, less than or equal to 0.1% of other impurities and the balance of Al; the invention also discloses a preparation method of the low-cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high-temperature use, which comprises the following steps: s1, proportioning: setting corresponding preparation quality. The invention comprehensively considers the high-temperature performance and the production cost of the material, mainly performs component optimization by compositely adding six transition metal elements into a base alloy, and develops a cast aluminum alloy material with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and low cost under a high-temperature environment, particularly above 300 ℃ by applying electromagnetic stirring and optimizing a heat treatment process, so as to solve the problems of insufficient high-temperature performance and higher cost of the existing cast aluminum alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nonferrous metal material preparation, in particular to a low-cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high-temperature use and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of the fields of aerospace, automobiles, ships, weapons and the like, the aluminum alloy is increasingly widely applied, and the performance requirements of the aluminum alloy are continuously improved, such as casting heat-resistant aluminum alloy, which is required to have enough toughness at high temperature and good oxidation resistance and creep resistance. The Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast aluminum alloy has good mechanical property, casting property and heat conduction property, so that the Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast aluminum alloy is an alloy system which is more used in the aluminum alloy and has wider application range, and has wide requirements in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, ships, weapons and the like. However, at present, the traditional Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast aluminum alloy mainly has the effect of improving the room temperature strength only by strengthening phases Al2Cu, mg2Si and Q-Al5Cu2Mg8Si6, and at the temperature of more than 170 ℃, the strengthening phases are converted into stable phases with non-coherent structures from metastable phases and coarsen or even melt, so that the mechanical properties are obviously reduced, and the severe requirements of high temperature resistance, thermal stability, high specific strength and the like in the fields are difficult to meet.
In terms of improving the high-temperature performance of Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast aluminum alloy, the following methods are mainly adopted at present: (1) microalloying. Microalloying is an important means for improving the high temperature performance of Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast aluminum alloy, and mainly adds proper amount of transition metal elements (Cr, ti, V, mn, zr, mo and the like) or rare earth elements (Sc, Y, ce, la and the like) into the alloy to increase the solid solubility of a matrix, reduce the fault energy and generate a second phase with high melting point, high density, high hardness and good thermal stability, thereby obviously improving the mechanical performance of the alloy, but part of rare earth elements are difficult to apply to industrial mass production due to higher price; (2) optimizing the heat treatment process. The excellent heat treatment process can eliminate the casting internal stress of Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast aluminum alloy, homogenize the structural components of the alloy, strengthen the dimensional stability of the alloy, precipitate a microstructure which has good thermal stability at high temperature, is not easy to dissolve, has low diffusivity and is well combined with a matrix, and plays a role in dispersion strengthening, thereby effectively improving the high-temperature performance of the alloy; (3) optimizing the casting process. By optimizing the casting process, high-quality castings can be obtained, the stability of the casting process is improved, the casting cost is reduced, and the performance and the service life of the castings are enhanced.
CN115261681a discloses a heat-resistant rare earth aluminum alloy material, si, cu, mg, mn, ni, fe, ti, sm and Y or Y-based mixed rare earth elements are added into the alloy in a reasonable proportion, and the obtained as-cast material is subjected to T6 heat treatment: the solid solution temperature is 545 ℃ and the time is 10 hours; aging temperature is 200 ℃ and time is 8 hours. The heat treatment method improves the comprehensive mechanical property of the alloy, the tensile strength of the alloy at room temperature is 285MPa, the yield strength is 172MPa, and the elongation is 3%; the tensile strength at 300 ℃ is 150MPa, the yield strength is 99MPa, and the elongation is 13%. However, the mechanical properties of the alloy, especially the high temperature properties, are limited in improvement range, and further improvement space is provided.
CN110129631a patent discloses a high-toughness heat-resistant aluminium alloy material for internal combustion engine, si, cu, mg, fe, ni, cr, ti, la, ce, sc elements are added into the alloy according to a certain proportion, and the prepared aluminium alloy material has high toughness, high thermal fatigue resistance and high thermal stability. The room temperature tensile strength of the alloy is 336MPa, and the elongation is 2%; tensile strength at 350 ℃ is 112MPa, and elongation is 8%; tensile strength at 425 ℃ is 62MPa, and elongation is 10%; the rotational bending fatigue strength at 350 ℃ reaches 53MPa. However, the rare earth element Sc is expensive, so that the material cost is high, and the method is not suitable for industrial mass production.
In view of the above, from the aspects of high temperature performance and production cost of the materials, there is a need to develop a cast aluminum alloy material with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, particularly above 300 ℃, in a high temperature environment and low cost so as to solve the problems of insufficient high temperature performance and high cost of the existing Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast aluminum alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a low-cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high-temperature use and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a low-cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high-temperature use and a preparation method thereof comprise the following alloy components in parts by mass: 9% of Si, 1% of Cu, 0.5% of Mg, 0.3% of Fe, 0.2% of Cr, 0.32% of Ti, 0.2% of V, 0.2% of Mn, 0.1% of Zr, 0.2% of Mo, 0.008% of Sr, less than or equal to 0.1% of other impurities and the balance of Al.
Preferably, the alloy component acquisition raw materials are Al, mg, al-30% Si, al-50% Cu, al-10% Cr, al-10% Ti, al-10% V, al-10% Mn, al-5% Zr, al-5% Mo, al-5% Ti-1% B, al-10% Sr master alloy, 4g of C2Cl6 refining agent and 3.5g of slag former.
Furthermore, the raw materials of the elements are clarified, so that the accurate acquisition is facilitated, and the accurate supply of the raw materials is ensured.
Preferably, the purity of the Al is 99.70%, and the purity of the Mg is 99.99%.
Further, the quality of the basic raw materials is ensured.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the low-cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high-temperature use, which comprises the following steps:
s1, proportioning: setting corresponding preparation quality, proportioning based on the preparation quality, and weighing corresponding raw materials according to chemical components and mass fractions of the prepared alloy;
s2, drying: placing weighed Al-30% Si, al-50% Cu, al-10% Mg, al-10% Cr, al-10% Ti, al-10% V, al-10% Mn, al-5% Zr, al-5% Mo, al-5% Ti-1% B, al-10% Sr intermediate alloy and C2Cl6 refining agent into a drying furnace for drying;
s3, smelting: smelting raw materials and carrying out slag skimming operation;
s4, detecting: sampling from the furnace to detect the components, and continuously adjusting the addition amount of various raw materials until the component error between the actually measured components and the alloy of the invention is less than 0.1wt%;
s5, casting: continuously cooling the aluminum melt to 720 ℃, pouring the aluminum melt into a metal mold, and cooling the aluminum melt to room temperature in air to obtain an aluminum alloy cast material;
s6, heat treatment: the obtained as-cast material is firstly placed in an environment of 500 ℃ for heat preservation for 4 hours, then placed in an environment of 550 ℃ for heat preservation for 5 hours, and then immediately quenched in warm water of 60 ℃; after quenching, the material is firstly placed in an environment of 100 ℃ for heat preservation for 3 hours, then placed in an environment of 190 ℃ for heat preservation for 7 hours, and finally taken out for air cooling.
Preferably, the drying temperature of the drying furnace in the step S2 is 150 ℃, and the operation time of the drying furnace is 1.5h.
Preferably, the smelting in S3 includes the steps of:
firstly, putting the weighed pure Al, al-30% Si and Al-50% Cu intermediate alloy into a graphite crucible in an electromagnetic induction smelting furnace for heating, and heating to 730 ℃;
secondly, adding dried pure Mg after the alloy is completely melted;
thirdly, adjusting the temperature of the aluminum melt to 740 ℃, adding the dried C2Cl6 refining agent and the slag forming agent, preserving heat and standing for 5min, and carrying out primary slag skimming;
continuously raising the temperature of the aluminum melt to 800 ℃, adding the dried Al-10% Cr, al-10% Ti, al-10% V, al-10% Mn, al-5% Zr and Al-5% Mo intermediate alloy, and simultaneously applying electromagnetic stirring;
fifth step: after stirring, adjusting the temperature of the aluminum melt to 740 ℃, adding the dried refiner Al-5% Ti-1% B and modifier Al-10% Sr, and keeping the temperature and standing for 5min;
sixth step: adding the dried C2Cl6 refining agent and the slag removing agent, keeping the temperature and standing for 5min, and carrying out secondary slag removing.
Preferably, the metal mold in S5 is 200 ℃.
Preferably, the electromagnetic stirring frequency is 10-15Hz, and the stirring time is 3-5min.
Preferably, the heat treatment in S6 adopts a two-stage solid solution and two-stage aging heat treatment method, and the specific mode is as follows: solution treatment: preserving the heat of the as-cast sample for 4 hours at the temperature of 500 ℃, preserving the heat for 4-5 hours at the temperature of 540-550 ℃, and immediately quenching in water at the temperature of 50-60 ℃; double-stage aging: and (3) preserving the heat of the sample subjected to the solution treatment for 3 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, then preserving the heat of the sample for 7-9 hours at the temperature of 180-200 ℃, and then taking out for air cooling.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention discloses a low-cost Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast aluminum alloy suitable for 300 ℃ high temperature use and a preparation method thereof, wherein six transition metal elements (Cr, ti, V, mn, zr, mo) are added into an Al-Si-Cu-Mg base alloy in a compounding way to optimize components, so that the generated intermediate phases of various transition metals are stable at high temperature, and the high temperature performance of the alloy is greatly improved;
2. the preparation process disclosed by the invention is simple and feasible, convenient to operate, excellent in high-temperature performance of the material, low in cost, suitable for industrial mass production, and has a very large application prospect in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, ships, weapons and the like;
3. the alloy material prepared by the method properly improves the content of Fe impurity, reduces the material cost to a certain extent, is favorable for recycling waste aluminum, and has a great contribution to the improvement of high-temperature performance of alloy due to the Fe-rich alloy after modification of metal elements;
4. according to the invention, electromagnetic stirring is applied in the smelting process, so that the smelting speed of the alloy can be increased, element segregation can be greatly reduced, the elements are distributed more uniformly, and the purposes of refining grains and improving the quality of casting blanks are achieved;
5. the alloy material prepared by the invention can separate out a heat-stable strengthening phase with finer grains and more uniform distribution in a mode of double-stage solid solution and double-stage aging treatment so as to obtain higher tensile strength, yield strength and fracture elongation;
6. the alloy material prepared by the invention has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties at high temperature, taking the alloy in the example 1 as an example, and the tensile strength at room temperature is as follows: 376MPa, yield strength: 330MPa, fracture elongation is: 5.0%; at 300 ℃ high temperature, the tensile strength is: 175MPa, yield strength: 167MPa, fracture elongation is: 8.7%;
to sum up: the invention comprehensively considers the high temperature performance and the production cost of the material, mainly performs component optimization by compositely adding six transition metal elements (Cr, ti, V, mn, zr, mo) into the Al-Si-Cu-Mg base alloy, and develops a cast aluminum alloy material with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties and low cost under high temperature environment, especially above 300 ℃ through electromagnetic stirring and optimizing a heat treatment process, so as to solve the problems of insufficient high temperature performance and high cost of the existing Al-Si-Cu-Mg cast aluminum alloy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a step diagram of a method for preparing a low cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high temperature use in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the smelting steps of a method for preparing a low-cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high-temperature use according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a microscopic view of the alloy prepared in examples 1-3 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the mechanical properties of the alloys and base alloys of examples 1-3 according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a low cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high temperature use includes the following alloy components in parts by weight: 9% of Si, 1% of Cu, 0.5% of Mg, 0.3% of Fe, 0.2% of Cr, 0.32% of Ti, 0.2% of V, 0.2% of Mn, 0.1% of Zr, 0.2% of Mo, 0.008% of Sr, less than or equal to 0.1% of other impurities, and the balance of Al, wherein the alloy component acquisition raw materials comprise Al, mg, al-30% of Si, al-50% of Cu, al-10% of Cr, al-10% of Ti, al-10% of V, al-10% of Mn, al-5% of Zr, al-5% of Mo, al-5% of Ti-1% of B, al-10% of Sr intermediate alloy, 4g of C2Cl6 refining agent and 3.5g of slag forming agent, and the purity of Al is 99.70% and the purity of Mg is 99.99%.
Example 1:
the alloy components and the corresponding mass fractions of the embodiment are respectively as follows: 9% of Si, 1% of Cu, 0.5% of Mg, 0.3% of Fe, 0.2% of Cr, 0.32% of Ti, 0.2% of V, 0.2% of Mn, 0.1% of Zr, 0.2% of Mo, 0.008% of Sr, less than or equal to 0.1% of other impurities and the balance of Al.
The specific preparation process of the alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) batching: 1kg of total mass is proportioned, and corresponding raw materials are weighed according to the chemical components and mass fraction of the prepared alloy, wherein the raw materials comprise pure Al (99.70%), pure Mg (99.99%), al-30% Si, al-50% Cu, al-10% Cr, al-10% Ti, al-10% V, al-10% Mn, al-5% Zr, al-5% Mo, al-5% Ti-1% B, al-10% Sr intermediate alloy, 4g of C2Cl6 refining agent and 3.5g of slag forming agent;
(2) And (3) drying: placing the weighed Al-30% Si, al-50% Cu, al-10% Mg, al-10% Cr, al-10% Ti, al-10% V, al-10% Mn, al-5% Zr, al-5% Mo, al-5% Ti-1% B, al-10% Sr intermediate alloy and C2Cl6 refining agent into a drying furnace at 150 ℃ for drying for 1.5h;
(3) Smelting: and (3) putting the weighed pure Al, al-30% Si and Al-50% Cu intermediate alloy into a graphite crucible in an electromagnetic induction smelting furnace for heating, and heating to 730 ℃. And after the alloy is completely melted, adding the dried pure Mg. And then adjusting the temperature of the aluminum melt to 740 ℃, adding the dried C2Cl6 refining agent and the slag removing agent, keeping the temperature and standing for 5min, and carrying out primary slag removing. Continuously raising the temperature of the aluminum melt to 800 ℃, adding the dried intermediate alloy of Al-10% Cr, al-10% Ti, al-10% V, al-10% Mn, al-5% Zr and Al-5% Mo, and simultaneously applying electromagnetic stirring. After stirring, the temperature of the aluminum melt is regulated to 740 ℃, the dried refiner Al-5% Ti-1% B and modifier Al-10% Sr are added, and the mixture is kept for 5min. Finally adding the dried C2Cl6 refining agent and the slag removing agent, keeping the temperature and standing for 5min, and carrying out secondary slag removing;
(4) And (3) detection: sampling from the furnace to detect the components, and continuously adjusting the addition amount of various raw materials until the component error between the actually measured components and the alloy of the invention is less than 0.1wt%;
(5) Casting: continuously cooling the aluminum melt to 720 ℃, pouring the aluminum melt into a metal mold preheated to 200 ℃, and cooling the aluminum melt to room temperature in air to obtain an aluminum alloy as-cast material;
(6) And (3) heat treatment: the obtained as-cast material is firstly placed in an environment of 500 ℃ for heat preservation for 4 hours, then placed in an environment of 550 ℃ for heat preservation for 5 hours, and then immediately quenched in warm water of 60 ℃; after quenching, the material is firstly placed in an environment of 100 ℃ for heat preservation for 3 hours, then placed in an environment of 190 ℃ for heat preservation for 7 hours, and finally taken out for air cooling.
The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy material prepared in the embodiment at room temperature is as follows: 376MPa, yield strength: 330MPa, fracture elongation is: 5.0%; the tensile strength in 300 ℃ environment is as follows: 175MPa, yield strength: 167MPa, fracture elongation is: 8.7%.
Example 2
The alloy components and the corresponding mass fractions of this example are the same as in example 1.
The specific preparation process of the alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) The compounding procedure was the same as in example 1;
(2) The drying process was the same as in example 1;
(3) The smelting process is the same as in example 1;
(4) The detection procedure was the same as in example 1;
(5) The casting process was the same as in example 1;
(6) And (3) heat treatment: the obtained as-cast material is firstly placed in an environment of 500 ℃ for heat preservation for 4 hours, then placed in an environment of 550 ℃ for heat preservation for 4 hours, and then immediately quenched in warm water of 60 ℃; after quenching, the material is firstly placed in an environment of 100 ℃ for heat preservation for 3 hours, then placed in an environment of 190 ℃ for heat preservation for 7 hours, and finally taken out for air cooling.
The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy material prepared in the embodiment at room temperature is as follows: 369MPa, yield strength is: 323MPa, fracture elongation is: 4.3%; the tensile strength in 300 ℃ environment is as follows: 165MPa, yield strength: 158MPa, fracture elongation is: 7.9%.
Example 3
The alloy components and the corresponding mass fractions of this example are the same as in example 1.
The specific preparation process of the alloy comprises the following steps:
(1) The compounding procedure was the same as in example 1;
(2) The drying process was the same as in example 1;
(3) The smelting process is the same as in example 1;
(4) The detection procedure was the same as in example 1;
(5) The casting process was the same as in example 1;
(6) And (3) heat treatment: the obtained as-cast material is firstly placed in an environment of 500 ℃ for heat preservation for 4 hours, then placed in an environment of 540 ℃ for heat preservation for 5 hours, and then immediately quenched in warm water of 60 ℃; after quenching, the material is firstly placed in an environment of 100 ℃ for heat preservation for 3 hours, then placed in an environment of 190 ℃ for heat preservation for 7 hours, and finally taken out for air cooling.
The tensile strength of the aluminum alloy material prepared in the embodiment at room temperature is as follows: 373MPa, yield strength: 326MPa, fracture elongation is: 4.7%; the tensile strength in 300 ℃ environment is as follows: 171MPa, yield strength: 164MPa, fracture elongation is: 8.4%.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A low cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high temperature use comprising the following alloy components in parts by mass: 9% of Si, 1% of Cu, 0.5% of Mg, 0.3% of Fe, 0.2% of Cr, 0.32% of Ti, 0.2% of V, 0.2% of Mn, 0.1% of Zr, 0.2% of Mo, 0.008% of Sr, less than or equal to 0.1% of other impurities and the balance of Al.
2. A low cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high temperature use as recited in claim 1 wherein: the alloy component comprises Al, mg, al-30% Si, al-50% Cu, al-10% Cr, al-10% Ti, al-10% V, al-10% Mn, al-5% Zr, al-5% Mo, al-5% Ti-1% B, al-10% Sr intermediate alloy, 4g of C2Cl6 refining agent and 3.5g of slag forming agent.
3. A low cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high temperature use as recited in claim 2, wherein: the purity of Al is 99.70%, and the purity of Mg is 99.99%.
4. A preparation method of a low-cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high-temperature use is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, proportioning: setting corresponding preparation quality, proportioning based on the preparation quality, and weighing corresponding raw materials according to chemical components and mass fractions of the prepared alloy;
s2, drying: placing weighed Al-30% Si, al-50% Cu, al-10% Mg, al-10% Cr, al-10% Ti, al-10% V, al-10% Mn, al-5% Zr, al-5% Mo, al-5% Ti-1% B, al-10% Sr intermediate alloy and C2Cl6 refining agent into a drying furnace for drying;
s3, smelting: smelting raw materials and carrying out slag skimming operation;
s4, detecting: sampling from the furnace to detect the components, and continuously adjusting the addition amount of various raw materials until the component error between the actually measured components and the alloy of the invention is less than 0.1wt%;
s5, casting: continuously cooling the aluminum melt to 720 ℃, pouring the aluminum melt into a metal mold, and cooling the aluminum melt to room temperature in air to obtain an aluminum alloy cast material;
s6, heat treatment: the obtained as-cast material is firstly placed in an environment of 500 ℃ for heat preservation for 4 hours, then placed in an environment of 550 ℃ for heat preservation for 5 hours, and then immediately quenched in warm water of 60 ℃; after quenching, the material is firstly placed in an environment of 100 ℃ for heat preservation for 3 hours, then placed in an environment of 190 ℃ for heat preservation for 7 hours, and finally taken out for air cooling.
5. The method for producing a low-cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high-temperature use as recited in claim 4, wherein: and (2) the drying temperature of the drying furnace in the step (S2) is 150 ℃, and the operation time of the drying furnace is 1.5h.
6. The method for producing a low-cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high-temperature use as recited in claim 4, wherein: the smelting in S3 comprises the following steps:
firstly, putting the weighed pure Al, al-30% Si and Al-50% Cu intermediate alloy into a graphite crucible in an electromagnetic induction smelting furnace for heating, and heating to 730 ℃;
secondly, adding dried pure Mg after the alloy is completely melted;
thirdly, adjusting the temperature of the aluminum melt to 740 ℃, adding the dried C2Cl6 refining agent and the slag forming agent, preserving heat and standing for 5min, and carrying out primary slag skimming;
continuously raising the temperature of the aluminum melt to 800 ℃, adding the dried Al-10% Cr, al-10% Ti, al-10% V, al-10% Mn, al-5% Zr and Al-5% Mo intermediate alloy, and simultaneously applying electromagnetic stirring;
fifth step: after stirring, adjusting the temperature of the aluminum melt to 740 ℃, adding the dried refiner Al-5% Ti-1% B and modifier Al-10% Sr, and keeping the temperature and standing for 5min;
sixth step: adding the dried C2Cl6 refining agent and the slag removing agent, keeping the temperature and standing for 5min, and carrying out secondary slag removing.
7. A method of producing a low cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high temperature use as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the metal mold in the step S5 is 200 ℃.
8. The method for producing a low-cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high-temperature use as recited in claim 6, wherein: the electromagnetic stirring frequency is 10-15Hz, and the stirring time is 3-5min.
9. The method for producing a low-cost cast aluminum alloy suitable for high-temperature use as recited in claim 4, wherein: the S6 heat treatment adopts a two-stage solid solution and two-stage aging heat treatment method, and the specific mode is as follows: solution treatment: preserving the heat of the as-cast sample for 4 hours at the temperature of 500 ℃, preserving the heat for 4-5 hours at the temperature of 540-550 ℃, and immediately quenching in water at the temperature of 50-60 ℃; double-stage aging: and (3) preserving the heat of the sample subjected to the solution treatment for 3 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, then preserving the heat of the sample for 7-9 hours at the temperature of 180-200 ℃, and then taking out for air cooling.
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| CN117488148A (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-02-02 | 魏桥(苏州)轻量化研究院有限公司 | Cast aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN117488148A (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-02-02 | 魏桥(苏州)轻量化研究院有限公司 | Cast aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN117488148B (en) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-04-02 | 魏桥(苏州)轻量化研究院有限公司 | Cast aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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