CN109232284B - 多取代烯胺醛衍生物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
多取代烯胺醛衍生物及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C07C227/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C227/04—Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups
- C07C227/06—Formation of amino groups in compounds containing carboxyl groups by addition or substitution reactions, without increasing the number of carbon atoms in the carbon skeleton of the acid
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C221/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups and doubly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07C223/00—Compounds containing amino and —CHO groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C223/02—Compounds containing amino and —CHO groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
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- C07C223/00—Compounds containing amino and —CHO groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C223/04—Compounds containing amino and —CHO groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the carbon skeleton
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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- C07C229/02—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/04—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C229/06—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton
- C07C229/10—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton the nitrogen atom of the amino group being further bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C229/12—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton the nitrogen atom of the amino group being further bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings to carbon atoms of acyclic carbon skeletons
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种多取代烯胺醛衍生物及其制备方法,包括:将丙烯醛或丙烯醛衍生物、叠氮化合物或叠氮衍生物、强酸和溶剂置于反应容器中,在0℃以下反应10~60min,再加入甲醇,继续反应10~120min,反应完成后加入三乙胺终止反应;将反应液用二氯甲烷稀释,再经水洗,得有机相;其中,二氯甲烷的用量是所述溶剂体积的5~10倍;将得到的有机相经干燥、浓缩和柱层析纯化,得到多取代烯胺醛衍生物;所述多取代烯胺醛衍生物的结构式如下:
Description
【技术领域】
本发明具体涉及一种多取代烯胺醛衍生物及其制备方法。
【背景技术】
烯胺醛衍生物是一类重要的医药化合物活性中间体,具有广泛的药物活性,在惊厥、抗疟疾、降血糖、抗肿瘤药物中均具有重要的应用价值。因此,烯胺醛化合物及其衍生物的新合成方法研究具有重要的价值,受到相关领域科研工作者的关注。
目前仅有少量文献报道了烯胺醛的制备方法,大体分为三类:1)丙二醛与胺的反应;2)炔醛与胺的反应;3)beta取代的alpha,beta-不饱和醛与仲胺和氧气,在金催化下的反应。其中第一种反应,丙二醛不稳定,且无法制备beta-取代的烯胺醛;第二种反应,炔醛难以制备且不稳定,且无法制备alpha-取代的烯胺醛;第三种反应,无法制备alpha-取代的烯胺醛,且胺基上面没有氢,不利于进一步转化。所以寻找一种原料稳定,反应简单,且能制备多取代的烯胺醛的方法,具有重要意义。
【发明内容】
本发明要解决的技术问题之一,在于提供一种多取代烯胺醛衍生物的制备方法。
本发明是这样实现的:一种多取代烯胺醛衍生物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将丙烯醛或丙烯醛衍生物、叠氮化合物或叠氮衍生物、强酸和溶剂置于反应容器中,在0℃以下反应10~60min,再加入甲醇,继续反应10~120min,反应完成后加入三乙胺终止反应;
(2)将(1)得到的反应液用二氯甲烷稀释,再经水洗,得有机相;其中,二氯甲烷的用量是所述溶剂体积的5~10倍;
(3)将(2)得到的有机相经干燥、浓缩和柱层析纯化,得到多取代烯胺醛衍生物。
进一步地,所述(1)中,摩尔比丙烯醛或丙烯醛衍生物:叠氮化合物或叠氮衍生物:强酸:甲醇=2:1:1:1~1:2:1:1,摩尔比强酸:三乙胺=1:1~1:3,丙烯醛或丙烯醛衍生物:溶剂(mmol/mL)=1:2~1:10。
进一步地,所述强酸为三氟甲磺酸、双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺或三氟化硼乙醚。
进一步地,所述溶剂为二氯甲烷、乙腈或1,2-二氯乙烷。
进一步地,所述丙烯醛衍生物的结构式如式Ⅰ所示:
其中,R1为氢、烷基、芳基、取代芳基、氨基或烷氧基;
R2为氢、烷基、芳基、取代芳基、氨基、硝基或烷氧基;
R3为氢、烷基、芳基、取代芳基、氨基、硝基、酯基或烷氧基。
进一步地,所述叠氮化合物或叠氮衍生物的结构式如式Ⅱ所示:
R3-N4
式Ⅱ
其中,R4为氢、烷基、芳基、取代芳基、氨基、硝基、酯基或烷氧基。
本发明要解决的技术问题之二,在于提供一种多取代烯胺醛衍生物。
本发明是这样实现的:一种多取代烯胺醛衍生物,所述多取代烯胺醛衍生物的结构式如式Ⅲ所示:
其中,R1为氢、烷基、芳基、取代芳基、氨基或烷氧基;
R2为氢、烷基、芳基、取代芳基、氨基、硝基或烷氧基;
R3为氢、烷基、芳基、取代芳基、氨基、硝基、酯基或烷氧基;
R4为氢、烷基、芳基、取代芳基、氨基、硝基、酯基或烷氧基。
本发明的多取代烯胺醛衍生物合成路线如下:
本发明的优点在于:能够合成不易得到的具有多种取代基的烯胺醛衍生物,所用强酸的成本低,具有底物范围广,反应时间短,后处理简便且产物收率高的优点。
【具体实施方式】
为了进一步解释本发明的技术方案,下面通过具体实施例来对本发明进行详细阐述。
实施例1
(E)-3-苯乙胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.54mmol,苯乙基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到57mg目标产物,收率为85%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.37(s,1H),7.20–7.07(m,5H),6.71(s,1H),3.41(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.76(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.04(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),0.80(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ189.7,162.0,139.7,130.1,129.5,127.5,117.0,51.5,38.4,15.7,12.9。
实施例2
(E)-3-苯烯丙胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.32mmol,苯烯丙基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟化硼乙醚0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到52.1mg目标产物,收率为89.6%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.66(s,1H),7.43–7.37(m,2H),7.30(t,2H),7.24–7.19(m,1H),7.06(s,1H),6.57(dd,J=15.8,1.7Hz,1H),6.29(dt,J=15.9,6.0Hz,1H),4.04(dd,J=6.0,1.6Hz,2H),2.24(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),0.98(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ190.1,161.6,137.9,133.3,129.6,128.8,127.5,127.1,117.6,51.4,15.8,13.0。
实施例3
(E)-3-(1-萘甲基)胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.27mmol,1-萘甲基叠氮化合物0.54mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应10min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到43.2mg目标产物,收率为66.9%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.61(s,1H),8.11–7.77(m,3H),7.61–7.40(m,4H),7.12(s,1H),4.92(s,2H),2.23(q,J=7.4Hz,2H),0.94(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ190.2,161.5,135.3,135.1,132.3,129.9,129.6,127.5,127.0,126.6,126.4,124.0,117.9,50.7,15.8,13.1。
实施例4
(E)-3-(2-萘甲基)胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.32mmol,2-萘甲基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应60min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到53.2mg目标产物,收率为82.3%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.66(s,1H),7.92–7.78(m,3H),7.73(d,J=1.7Hz,1H),7.50–7.38(m,3H),7.15(s,1H),4.60(s,2H),2.25(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),0.97(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ190.3,161.8,137.4,134.8,134.3,129.6,128.8,128.7,127.4,127.0,126.9,126.3,117.8,53.4,15.8,13.0。
实施例5
(E)-3-苯甲胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.27mmol,苯甲基叠氮化合物0.54mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到43.2mg目标产物,收率为84.5%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.65(s,1H),7.40–7.22(m,5H),7.13(s,1H),4.47(s,2H),2.22(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),0.94(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ190.2,161.9,140.0,129.8,128.6,128.3,117.7,53.2,15.8。
实施例6
(E)-3-苯乙胺基-2-甲基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-甲基丙烯醛0.32mmol,苯乙基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,乙腈1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-78℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到45.0mg目标产物,收率为88.0%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.52(s,1H),7.31–7.24(m,2H),7.23–7.17(m,3H),6.93(s,1H),3.53(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),2.87(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),1.59(s,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ189.9,162.7,139.7,130.1,129.6,127.5,110.1,51.5,38.5,6.7。
实施例7
(E)-3-(3-甲基苯甲基)胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.32mmol,3-甲基苯甲基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,1,2-二氯乙烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到48.2mg目标产物,收率为82.1%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.64(s,1H),7.23(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.12–7.05(m,4H),4.42(s,2H),2.33(s,3H),2.21(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),0.94(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ190.1,161.9,139.9,139.6,129.7,129.3,128.9,125.4,117.6,53.2,21.5,15.8,13.0。
实施例8
(E)-3-(4-甲基苯甲基)胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.32mmol,4-甲基苯甲基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.27mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到48.7mg目标产物,收率为83.0%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.63(s,1H),7.21–7.13(m,4H),7.10(s,1H),4.42(s,2H),2.31(s,3H),2.21(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),0.94(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ190.1,161.8,138.4,136.9,130.3,128.3,117.6,53.0,21.1,15.8,13.0。
实施例9
(E)-3-(4-硝基苯甲基)胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.32mmol,对硝基苯甲基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.81mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到59.1mg目标产物,收率为93.4%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.71(s,1H),8.23(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.54(d,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.16(s,1H),4.62(s,2H),2.23(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),0.97(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ190.7,161.5,148.8,147.9,129.1,124.8,118.3,52.4,15.8,13.0。
实施例10
(E)-3-(26-二氟苯甲基)胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.32mmol,2,6-二氟苯甲基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1.6mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到49.9mg目标产物,收率为82.2%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.66(s,1H),7.38(tt,J=8.4,6.5Hz,1H),7.11(s,1H),7.01(t,J=7.9Hz,2H),4.56(s,2H),2.15(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),0.88(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ190.4,162.8(dd,JCF=248.4,8.0Hz),161.4,131.6(t,JCF=10.5Hz),118.0,115.2(t,JCF=19.1Hz),112.6(“dd”,JCF=19.9,5.3Hz),40.8(t,JCF=3.7Hz),15.7,12.9。
实施例11
(E)-3-环戊胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.32mmol,环戊基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用5mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(5mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到36.6mg目标产物,收率为80.4%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.59(s,1H),7.09(s,1H),3.85–3.71(m,1H),2.20(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),2.06–1.94(m,2H),1.82–1.71(m,2H),1.67–1.55(m,4H),0.92(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ189.8,160.7,117.0,62.0,34.2,24.6,15.7,13.0。
实施例12
(E)-3-环己胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.32mmol,环己基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用10mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(10mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到40.9mg目标产物,收率为83.6%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.59(s,1H),7.11(s,1H),3.24–3.10(m,1H),2.19(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.97–1.88(m,2H),1.84–1.76(m,2H),1.70–1.60(m,1H),1.45–1.33(m,4H),1.24–1.14(m,1H),0.92(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ189.7,160.2,117.0,59.7,34.8,26.3,15.7,13.0。
实施例13
(E)-3-异苯乙胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.32mmol,1-苯基乙基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到45.6mg目标产物,收率为83.1%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.59(s,1H),7.42–7.18(m,5H),7.05(s,1H),4.62(q,J=6.9Hz,1H),2.24(q,J=7.4Hz,2H),1.59(d,J=7.0Hz,3H),0.95(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ190.3,160.3,145.0,129.7,128.5,127.1,117.7,59.4,22.7,15.7,13.1。
实施例14
(E)-3-丁胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.32mmol,丁基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到36.6mg目标产物,收率为81.1%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.59(s,1H),7.05(s,1H),3.29(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),2.19(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.63–1.51(m,2H),1.44–1.32(m,2H),1.00–0.88(m,6H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ189.6,162.1,116.9,49.8,34.2,20.6,15.7,14.0,13.0。
实施例15
(E)-3-辛胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.32mmol,辛基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到40.0mg目标产物,收率为70.1%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.59(s,1H),7.05(s,1H),3.29(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.19(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.63–1.55(m,2H),1.37–1.30(m,10H),0.98–0.84(m,6H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ189.6,162.1,116.9,50.1,32.9,32.1,30.3,30.3,27.5,23.7,15.7,14.4,13.0。
实施例16
(E)-3-甘氨酸乙酯基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.32mmol,乙酸乙酯基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,乙腈1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到40.6mg目标产物,收率为81.2%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.70(s,1H),6.99(s,1H),4.21(q,J=7.2Hz,2H),4.07(s,2H),2.21(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.28(t,J=7.1Hz,3H),0.96(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ190.8,171.7,162.0,118.5,62.5,50.0,15.7,14.5,12.9。
实施例17
(E)-3-苯乙胺基-2-异丙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-异丙基丙烯醛0.32mmol,苯乙基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到53.4mg目标产物,收率为91.1%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.42(s,1H),7.30–7.24(m,2H),7.22–7.18(m,3H),6.62(s,1H),3.49(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.85(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.76–2.67(m,1H),1.14(d,J=7.2Hz,6H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ190.5,161.9,139.7,130.2,129.5,127.5,119.9,51.7,38.5,24.8,20.2。
实施例18
(E)-3-苯乙胺基-2-环己基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-环己基丙烯醛0.32mmol,苯乙基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-40℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到59.9mg目标产物,收率为86.2%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.41(s,1H),7.30–7.24(m,2H),7.23–7.15(m,3H),6.63(s,1H),3.49(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.86(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.38–2.25(m,1H),1.85–1.63(m,5H),1.44–1.37(m,2H),1.35–1.24(m,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ190.7,162.3,139.8,130.2,130.1,129.6,129.5,127.5,119.4,51.6,38.5,35.6,30.6,28.2,26.9。
实施例19
(E)-3-苯乙胺基-2-环戊烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-环戊烯醛0.32mmol,苯乙基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,二氯甲烷1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-10℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到49.7mg目标产物,收率为85.5%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.82(s,1H),7.41–7.13(m,5H),3.51(t,J=6.7Hz,2H),2.82(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.50(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.38(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),1.77–1.69(m,2H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ184.3,172.1,139.8,130.0,129.6,127.6,107.3,47.6,37.9,32.8,28.5,23.7。
实施例20
(E)-3-异丁酯乙胺基-2-乙基-2-丙烯醛的制备(结构式如下):
将2-乙基丙烯醛0.32mmol,异丁酯乙基叠氮化合物0.27mmol,三氟甲磺酸0.27mmol,乙腈1mL加入20mL的反应管中,置于-20℃的低温浴中,反应30min;加入0.27mmol甲醇搅拌20min,加入三乙胺0.55mmol停止反应,恢复至室温。反应液用9mL二氯甲烷稀释后,二氯甲烷萃取三次(9mL×3)取有机相,水洗一次,有机相用无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析纯化得到43.2mg目标产物,收率为75.0%。
该化合物的核磁表征如下:1H NMR(500MHz,CD3OD)δ8.69(s,1H),6.97(s,1H),3.96(s,2H),2.20(q,J=7.5Hz,2H),1.48(s,9H),0.96(t,J=7.5Hz,3H);13C NMR(126MHz,CD3OD)δ190.7,170.8,162.1,118.4,83.2,50.8,28.3,15.7,12.9。
本发明能够合成传统方法不易得到的具有多种取代基的烯胺醛衍生物,如烯胺醛的alpha位置和beta位置均可有取代基,胺基上面含有氢原子。相对于传统方法,本方法所用原料稳定,所用强酸的成本低,具有底物范围广,反应时间短(只需30min左右),后处理简便(经常规的干燥、浓缩和柱层析纯化即可)且产物收率高(高达98%)的优点。
Claims (3)
1.一种多取代烯胺醛衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)将丙烯醛或丙烯醛衍生物、叠氮化合物或叠氮衍生物、强酸和溶剂置于反应容器中,在0 ℃以下反应10~60 min,再加入甲醇,继续反应10~120 min,反应完成后加入三乙胺终止反应;
(2)将(1)得到的反应液用二氯甲烷稀释,再经水洗,得有机相;其中,二氯甲烷的用量是所述溶剂体积的5~10倍;
(3)将(2)得到的有机相经干燥、浓缩和柱层析纯化,得到多取代烯胺醛衍生物;
所述强酸为三氟甲磺酸、双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺或三氟化硼乙醚;
所述丙烯醛衍生物为2-乙基丙烯醛、2-甲基丙烯醛、2-异丙基丙烯醛、2-环己基丙烯醛或2-环戊烯醛;
所述叠氮化合物或叠氮衍生物为苯乙基叠氮、苯烯丙基叠氮、1-萘甲基叠氮、2-萘甲基叠氮、苯甲基叠氮、3-甲基苯甲基叠氮、4-甲基苯甲基叠氮、对硝基苯甲基叠氮、2,6-二氟苯甲基叠氮、环戊基叠氮、环己基叠氮、1-苯基乙基叠氮、丁基叠氮、辛基叠氮、乙酸乙酯基叠氮或异丁酯乙基叠氮。
2.如权利要求1所述的多取代烯胺醛衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述(1)中,摩尔比丙烯醛或丙烯醛衍生物:叠氮化合物或叠氮衍生物:强酸:甲醇 = 2:1:1:1~1:2:1:1,摩尔比强酸:三乙胺=1:1~1:3,丙烯醛或丙烯醛衍生物:溶剂mmol/mL=1:2~1:10。
3.如权利要求1所述的多取代烯胺醛衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:所述溶剂为二氯甲烷、乙腈或1,2-二氯乙烷。
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Catalytic Intermolecular Cross-Couplings of Azides and LUMO Activated Unsaturated Acyl Azoliums;Wenjun Li etal;《ACS Catal.》;20170215;2139−2144 * |
New Synthetic Equivalent of Nitromalonaldehyde Treatable in Organic Media;Nagatoshi Nishiwaki etal;《J. Org. Chem.》;20041030;表1化合物4a * |
Synthesis and Structure of Enaminecarbaldehydes and Enamino Ketones;Lutz F. Tietze etal;《Chem. Ber.》;19891231;第85页化合物22、2 * |
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