CN109226763A - A kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device and Method of printing - Google Patents
A kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device and Method of printing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109226763A CN109226763A CN201811356574.7A CN201811356574A CN109226763A CN 109226763 A CN109226763 A CN 109226763A CN 201811356574 A CN201811356574 A CN 201811356574A CN 109226763 A CN109226763 A CN 109226763A
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- roller
- tensioning
- electron beam
- film
- workbench
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- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002114 biscuit porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013528 metallic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
- B22F12/13—Auxiliary heating means to preheat the material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/22—Driving means
- B22F12/224—Driving means for motion along a direction within the plane of a layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/70—Recycling
- B22F10/73—Recycling of powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device and Method of printings, belong to accurate material increasing field.Electron gun is located at the surface of working chamber, working chamber is located at below workbench, its square opening is connect with workbench square opening, lifting platform moving up and down is located inside working chamber, feeding module is fixedly connected respectively with worktable upper surface with Tension module and is symmetric in workbench square opening two sides, warm-up block is fixedly connected with worktable upper surface, is distributed in workbench square opening surrounding.Advantage is that of avoiding the technical problems such as high quality powder preparation, uniform powdering, feeding rewinding, processing environment cleaning.The surface quality for improving drip molding substantially increases electron beam process efficiency, reduces processing cost, reduces system control difficulty.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to accurate material increasing field more particularly to a kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device and methods, use
To manufacture high-accuracy Medical implant and high performance industrial part.
Background technique
Metal 3D printing is a kind of high-end manufacturing technology that part processing is realized by layer-by-layer material stacking, is answered extensively
Used in fields such as aerospace, automobile, mold, medical treatment, especially have in terms of Medical implant and industrial severe service components
Widely demand.Metal 3D printing technique is divided into laser type 3D printing and electron beam 3D printing according to heat source difference at present.Electronics
Beam 3D printing technique for laser 3D printing technology, due to its output power and scanning speed is higher, pre-heat effect compared with
The advantages such as good, formation of parts mechanical property and surface quality are preferable, so before with bigger application space and better development
Scape.
It is powdering, melting, powdering, i.e., layer-by-layer heap currently with the main working process that electron beam carries out metal 3D printing
Product, sintering, fusing metal powder, the processing unit (plant) of processing unit (plant) and selective laser melting forming technique (SLM) except heat source,
Without too big difference other than vacuum equipment and componental movement parameter are different.Electron beam is carried out using the above system of processing and method
During forming, the technologies such as high quality powder preparation, uniform powdering, feeding rewinding, processing environment cleaning will necessarily be faced and asked
Topic.However, existing country's metal powder granulates technology of preparing is difficult to prepare the high quality for meeting electron beam process requirement gold
Belong to powder particle, the recovery rate of fine powder is not high, and the cost is relatively high；Although domestic many colleges and universities imitate in the powdering of metal powder
Certain progress is achieved in terms of fruit, but still remains that powder layer thickness is thicker, powdering is uneven, bisque consistency is lower, powdering
The problems such as efficiency is lower；During powdering, power spreading device, power spreading device walking mechanism and drive part, clout recovering mechanism
Design it is all complex, and occupy a large amount of space above workbench, reduce the sintering of electron beam to a certain extent
Energy；Simultaneously because electron beam process needs vacuum and clean processing environment, and recycled in feeding, powdering, processing, clout
It is difficult to avoid that powder particle is blown the influence for flying and being scattered to processing environment in journey, greatly reduces the processing of electron beam 3D printing
Effect & Safety.In conclusion for electron beam metal 3D printing, using the side of previous molten metal powder particle
The system and method that formula carries out increasing material manufacturing, can generate a series of technical problem.It is badly in need of one kind at present and is adapted to electron beam gold
Belong to the system of processing and method of 3D printing technique.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device and Method of printing, is increased with solving above-mentioned molten metal bisque
The problem of material manufactures.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that: including working chamber, lifting platform, workbench, electron gun, feeding module, tensioning
Module and warm-up block, electron gun are located at the surface of working chamber, and working chamber is located at below workbench, square opening and workbench side
Mouthful connection, lifting platform moving up and down is located inside working chamber, feeding module and Tension module respectively with worktable upper surface
It is fixedly connected and is symmetric in workbench square opening two sides, warm-up block is fixedly connected with worktable upper surface, is distributed in
Workbench square opening surrounding.
Feeding module of the present invention includes driving mechanism, film feeding mechanism, plastic film residue collect mechanism and transmission mechanism, wherein driving
Mechanism is located at the side of film feeding mechanism, is attached with film feeding mechanism by shaft coupling, and plastic film residue collect mechanism and film feeding mechanism are mutually flat
Row, transmission mechanism is located at the other side of film feeding mechanism, and is connect with film feeding mechanism by toothed belt one, and the transmission mechanism is also logical
Toothed belt two is crossed to connect with plastic film residue collect mechanism；
Film feeding mechanism of the present invention includes film feeding roller supports, film feeding roller, deep groove ball bearing one, wherein deep-groove ball
Bearing one is located at film feeding roller two sides, and the internal diameter of deep groove ball bearing and film feeding roller both ends interference fit connect, film feeding roller branch
Circular trough is provided in support member, one outer diameter of deep groove ball bearing is mounted in circular trough by interference fit；Film feeding roller supports
It is mounted on workbench square opening side；
Plastic film residue collect mechanism of the present invention includes winder roller supports, winder roller, deep groove ball bearing two, wherein deep-groove ball
Bearing two is located at winder roller two sides, and the internal diameter of deep groove ball bearing two and winder roller both ends interference fit connect, winder roller
Circular trough is provided on supporting element, two outer diameter of deep groove ball bearing is mounted in circular trough by interference fit, winder roll support
Part is mounted on the workbench square opening other side；
Driving mechanism of the present invention includes motor supports, motor cabinet, stepper motor and shaft coupling, and wherein stepping is electric
Machine is fixedly connected with motor cabinet, and motor cavity is firmly connected with it in motor supports upper surface, motor cabinet and motor supports
It is fixedly connected, the lower surface of motor supports is connect by notch with worktable upper surface using bolt.
Transmission mechanism of the present invention includes toothed belt one, toothed belt two and toothed belt, and toothed belt solderless wrapped connection is at two
Outside toothed belt.
Tension module of the present invention includes being tensioned pressure roller one, tensioning tensioning pressure roller one of pressure roller two, tensioning pressure roller two to divide
It is not mounted on the two sides of workbench square opening and the inside in feeding module.
Tensioning pressure roller one of the present invention, tensioning two structure of pressure roller are identical, and the tensioning pressure roller one includes fastening nut, opens
One supporting element of calender roller, axle sleeve, deep groove ball bearing three, tensioning shaft, tensioning roller, wherein tensioning roller two sides are provided with circle
Slot, three outer diameter of deep groove ball bearing are matched by interference and are mounted in the round notch of tensioning roller two sides, tensioning shaft and deep-groove ball
The cooperation of three internal diameter of bearing, and the central axis of tensioning shaft is consistent with the tensioning central axis of roller, utilizes tensioning shaft two sides
Axle sleeve carries out axially position to pressure roller, and tensioning shaft two sides are provided with external screw thread, is fixed on tensioning pressure roller branch one using fastening nut
In support member.
Warm-up block of the present invention includes electric roller, electric roller supporting element, electric heating item, electric heating connector, wherein electricity
Hot-rolling supporting element and electric heating connector are fixedly connected by threaded hole with the upper surface of workbench, and electric roller is fixed on electric roller
On supporting element, and it is mounted on the inside of Tension module, electric heating item is fixed on electric heating connector.
Workbench of the present invention includes notch, square opening, threaded hole and groove, and wherein the setting of notch is for feeding
The position of module is adjusted, and square opening is located in groove.
Lifting platform of the present invention includes fixed above substrate, preheating device, supporting plate and electric cylinders, wherein supporting plate and electric cylinders connects
It connects, is fixedly connected above preheating device and supporting plate, substrate is mounted on above preheating device.
A kind of electron beam metal 3D printing method, including the following steps:
(1) metallic film is installed on film feeding roller, and metallic film is fixedly connected with winder rod in advance；Gold
Belong to film to need successively to pass through Tension module and warm-up block during the installation process, spreads out metallic film in advance, pass through lifting platform
The preheating device of lower section preheats substrate；
(2) after the preparation more than completing, system controls electron beam after reaching to vacuum condition and preheating temperature
It is logical, carry out electron beam calcination metallic film, when this layer of metallic film burn down at after, electron gun controls electron beam and interrupts, and terminates
The material molten of this layer deposits；Subsequent lifting platform moves down the displacement of a thickness of metal film value, and stepper motor drives winder
Rod rotation, recycling has melted the metallic film finished and has spread out new metallic film in the top of formed part, and makes
Drip molding upper surface on substrate still contacts but contactless power with new metallic film lower surface, melted again later
It deposits, step more than circulation finally realizes the increasing material manufacturing of metal parts.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
Metallic film is easier to prepare for metal powder granulates, and cost is relatively low, so that melting gold of the invention
The increasing material manufacturing method for belonging to film has more economy, and processing cost is lower；It is empty with very strong practicability and extensive development
Between；
Metal bisque is replaced with metallic film, so that the metal quality of each calcination layer is distributed absolute uniform, excludes powder
Influence of the defect to part reduces the manufacturing deficiencies such as gap, hole, improves the mechanical property of part；
The metallic particles powdering that the thickness of metal film of prior art preparation can be required well below electron beam 3D printing
Thickness degree can reduce the step effect on drip molding surface, substantially increased by the thickness appropriate for reducing metallic film
The surface quality of shape part；
The influence that metal bisque particles splatter is scattered to processing environment is avoided, the safety of processing unit (plant) is improved, is protected
The cleaning of processing environment is demonstrate,proved；
Interference of the splatter particle spread in a vacuum chamber to electron beam electron energy is eliminated, electron beam is improved
True calcination power, enhances the melting effect of electron beam；
In addition to the pattern of electron beam calcination is closed figure, so that other than the case where part metals film clout falls off,
The calcination layer metallic film clout of his the case where can recycle at once after each calcination, i.e. processing clout recycles and remaining immediately
Material way of recycling is simple and efficient；
The mechanism design of feeding and clout recycling is simple and effective, saves shared by original power spreading device and its walking mechanism
Space, so that the spatial volume of entire electron beam processing apparatus reduces 1/3 more originally.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is top view of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of feeding module of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the explosive view of feeding module of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of Tension module of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the explosive view of Tension module of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of warm-up block of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of workbench of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of lifting platform of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, 2, including working chamber 3, lifting platform 7, workbench 6, electron gun 1, feeding module 2,5 and of Tension module
Warm-up block 4, electron gun 1 are located at the surface of working chamber 3, and suitable distance are kept above workbench 6, and working chamber 3 is located at work
Make 6 lower section of platform, square opening is connect with workbench square opening 6-3, and lifting platform 7 moving up and down is located inside working chamber 3, feeding mold
Block 2 is fixedly connected with 6 upper surface of workbench respectively with Tension module 5, and is symmetric in the two sides workbench square opening 6-3, in advance
Thermal modules 4 are fixedly connected with 6 upper surface of workbench, are distributed in workbench square opening 6-3 surrounding.
As shown in figure 3, conveying and recycling of the feeding module 2 to realize metallic film, including driving mechanism 2-1, film feeding
Mechanism 2-2, plastic film residue collect mechanism 2-3 and transmission mechanism 2-4, wherein driving mechanism 2-1 is located at the side of film feeding mechanism 2-2, and send
Film mechanism 2-2 is attached by shaft coupling 2-1-4, and plastic film residue collect mechanism 2-3 is parallel to each other with film feeding mechanism 2-2, transmission mechanism 2-4
It is connect positioned at the other side of film feeding mechanism 2-2, and with film feeding mechanism 2-2 by one 2-4-3 of toothed belt, transmission mechanism 2-4
Also it is connect by two 2-4-2 of toothed belt with plastic film residue collect mechanism 2-3；
As shown in figure 4, film feeding mechanism 2-2 includes film feeding roller supports 2-2-1, film feeding roller 2-2-2, deep groove ball bearing
One 2-2-3, wherein one 2-2-3 of deep groove ball bearing is located at the two sides film feeding roller 2-2-2, the internal diameter of deep groove ball bearing 2-2-3 with give
The sub- both ends the 2-2-2 interference fit of deflector roll connects, and is provided with circular trough, one 2- of deep groove ball bearing on film feeding roller supports 2-2-1
2-3 outer diameter is mounted in circular trough by interference fit；Film feeding roller supports 2-2-1 is mounted on the side workbench square opening 6-3；
Plastic film residue collect mechanism 2-3 includes winder roller supports 2-3-1, winder roller 2-3-2, two 2-3-3 of deep groove ball bearing,
Middle two 2-3-3 of deep groove ball bearing is located at the two sides winder roller 2-3-2, the internal diameter and winder roller 2- of two 2-3-3 of deep groove ball bearing
The both ends 3-2 interference fit connects, and circular trough is provided on winder roller supports 2-3-1, and two 2-3-3 outer diameter of deep groove ball bearing is logical
Interference fit is mounted in circular trough, and winder roller supports 2-3-1 is mounted on the other side workbench square opening 6-3；
Metallic film is connected on film feeding roller 2-2-2 and winder roller 2-3-2.
Driving mechanism 2-1 includes motor supports 2-1-1, motor cabinet 2-1-2, stepper motor 2-1-3 and shaft coupling 2-
1-4, wherein stepper motor 2-1-3 is fixedly connected with motor cabinet 2-1-2, and motor cabinet 2-1-2 is located at table on motor supports 2-1-1
Face is firmly connected with it, and motor cabinet 2-1-2 is fixedly connected with motor supports 2-1-1, the lower surface benefit of motor supports 2-1-1
It is connect by notch 6-1 with 6 upper surface of workbench with bolt.
Transmission mechanism 2-4 includes one 2-4-3 of toothed belt, toothed belt two 2-4-2 and toothed belt 2-4-1, toothed belt around
It connects outside two toothed belts.
Driver may be implemented by adjusting the relative position of film feeding mechanism 2-2 and plastic film residue collect mechanism 2-3 in film feeding mechanism 2-2
The tensioning of structure 2-4 is realized film feeding roller 2-2-2 and winder roller 2-2-5 and is moved synchronously.
As shown in figure 5, Tension module 5 includes tensioning one 5-1 of pressure roller, tensioning two 5-2 of the pressure roller tensioning pressure roller, one 5-1, opens
Two 5-2 of calender roller is separately mounted to the two sides of workbench square opening 6-3 and in the inside of feeding module 2, is connected to work using screw
Make on platform 6, to realize the tensioning of metallic film, is overlapped the lower surface of metallic film with the upper surface of workpieces processing.
As shown in fig. 6, tensioning one 5-1 of pressure roller, tensioning two 5-2 structure of pressure roller are identical, one 5-1 of tensioning pressure roller includes tight
Gu nut 5-1-1, tensioning one supporting element 5-1-2 of pressure roller, axle sleeve 5-1-4, three 5-1-3 of deep groove ball bearing, tensioning shaft 5-1-6, opening
Tight roller 5-1-5, wherein the tensioning two sides roller 5-1-5 are provided with circular trough, three 5-1-3 outer diameter of deep groove ball bearing is matched by interference
Be mounted in the round notch of the tensioning two sides roller 5-1-5, tensioning shaft 5-1-6 and three 5-1-3 internal diameter of deep groove ball bearing cooperate,
And the central axis of tensioning shaft 5-1-6 is consistent with the tensioning central axis of roller 5-1-5, utilizes the two sides tensioning shaft 5-1-6
Axle sleeve 5-1-4 carries out axially position to pressure roller, and the two sides tensioning shaft 5-1-6 are provided with external screw thread, are fixed using fastening nut 5-1-1
It is propped up on a support member 5-1-2 in tensioning pressure roller.
The mounting distance for being tensioned one 5-1 of pressure roller, tensioning two 5-2 of pressure roller and 6 upper surface of workbench should be with the thickness of metallic film
Degree is consistent, and the central axis of two tensioning pressure rollers should be in same level, to guarantee lower surface and the forming of metallic film
The upper surface of part is overlapped.
As shown in fig. 7, warm-up block 4 includes electric roller 4-2, electric roller supporting element 4-1, electric heating 4-4, the connection of electric heating item
Part 4-3 avoids the generation of drip molding internal stress to realize the preheating of metallic film.Wherein electric roller supporting element 4-1 and electric heating
Connector 4-3 is fixedly connected by threaded hole 6-2 with the upper surface of workbench 6, and electric roller 4-2 is fixed on electric roller supporting element
On 4-1, and it is mounted on the inside of Tension module 5, electric heating 4-4 is fixed on electric heating connector 4-3, is mounted on metallic film
Two sides.
As shown in figure 8, workbench 6 includes notch 6-1, square opening 6-3, threaded hole 6-2 and groove 6-4, wherein notch 6-1
Setting be to be adjusted for the position of feeding module 2, square opening 6-3 is located in groove 6-4, and the setting of groove 6-4 is in order to prevent
Metallic film and 6 contact area of workbench are excessive, influence machining accuracy.
As shown in figure 9, lifting platform 7 includes substrate 7-1, preheating device 7-2, supporting plate 7-3 and electric cylinders 7-4, wherein supporting plate 7-3
It is fixedly connected, is fixedly connected above preheating device 7-2 and supporting plate 7-3, on substrate 7-1 and preheating device 7-2 with above electric cylinders 7-4
Side's connection.
A kind of electron beam metal 3D printing method, including the following steps:
(1) metallic film is installed on film feeding roller 2-2-2, and metallic film is consolidated with winder rod 2-3-2 in advance
Fixed connection；As shown in Figure 1, metallic film needs successively to pass through Tension module 5 and warm-up block 4 during the installation process, due to this
Invention needs to spread out metallic film in advance, so being to be preheated by the preheating device 7-2 of 7 lower section of lifting platform to substrate 7-1；
(2) after the preparation more than completing, system controls electron beam after reaching to vacuum condition and preheating temperature
It is logical, carry out electron beam calcination metallic film, when this layer of metallic film burn down at after, electron gun 1 controls electron beam and interrupts, and terminates
The material molten of this layer deposits；Subsequent lifting platform 7 moves down the displacement of a thickness of metal film value, stepper motor 2-1-3 band
Dynamic winder rod 2-2-5 rotation, recycling have melted the metallic film finished and have spread out new metallic film in formed part
Top, and the drip molding upper surface on substrate 7-1 is still contacted but contactless power with new metallic film lower surface, it
After carry out fusion sediment again, step more than circulation finally realizes the increasing material manufacturing of metal parts；
It further illustrates, there are thickness of metal film for plane on tensioning one 5-1 of pressure roller, tensioning two 5-2 of pressure roller and workbench 6
Be worth the gap of size, i.e., when lifting platform 7 being risen to the upper surface substrate 7-1 and being flushed with worktable upper surface, the upper surface substrate 7-1 and
The metallic film following table face contact but contactless power completed in advance；
All there are metallic films for plane on further explanation warm-up block 4, electric roller 4-2 and electric heating 4-4 and workbench 6
The gap of thickness value size, since the heat dissipation of metallic film is very fast, temperature reduce it is very fast, in order to avoid in process due to gold
Belong to film generated internal stress uneven in temperature, electric roller 4-2 and electric heating 4-4 play the role of lasting preheating to metallic film.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device, it is characterised in that: including working chamber, lifting platform, workbench, electron gun, send
Expect module, Tension module and warm-up block, electron gun is located at the surface of working chamber, and working chamber is located at below workbench, side
Mouthful connect with workbench square opening, lifting platform moving up and down is located inside working chamber, feeding module and Tension module respectively with
Worktable upper surface is fixedly connected and is symmetric in workbench square opening two sides, and warm-up block is fixed with worktable upper surface
Connection, is distributed in workbench square opening surrounding.
2. a kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the feeding module includes
Driving mechanism, film feeding mechanism, plastic film residue collect mechanism and transmission mechanism, wherein driving mechanism is located at the side of film feeding mechanism, with film feeding
Mechanism is attached by shaft coupling, and plastic film residue collect mechanism is parallel to each other with film feeding mechanism, and transmission mechanism is located at the another of film feeding mechanism
Side, and connect with film feeding mechanism by toothed belt one, which also passes through toothed belt two and connect with plastic film residue collect mechanism.
3. a kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the film feeding mechanism includes
Film feeding roller supports, film feeding roller, deep groove ball bearing one, wherein deep groove ball bearing one is located at film feeding roller two sides, deep-groove ball
The internal diameter of bearing and film feeding roller both ends interference fit connect, and are provided with circular trough, deep groove ball bearing in film feeding roller supports
One outer diameter is mounted in circular trough by interference fit；Film feeding roller supports are mounted on workbench square opening side.
4. a kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the plastic film residue collect mechanism includes
Winder roller supports, winder roller, deep groove ball bearing two, wherein deep groove ball bearing two is located at winder roller two sides, deep-groove ball
The internal diameter of bearing two and winder roller both ends interference fit connect, and are provided with circular trough, deep-groove ball axis in winder roller supports
It holds two outer diameters to be mounted in circular trough by interference fit, winder roller supports are mounted on the workbench square opening other side；
The driving mechanism includes motor supports, motor cabinet, stepper motor and shaft coupling, wherein stepper motor and motor cabinet
It is fixedly connected, motor cavity is firmly connected with it in motor supports upper surface, and motor cabinet is fixedly connected with motor supports, electricity
The lower surface of machine supporting element is connect by notch with worktable upper surface using bolt；
The transmission mechanism includes toothed belt one, toothed belt two and toothed belt, and toothed belt solderless wrapped connection is outside two toothed belts
Portion.
5. a kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Tension module includes
Tensioning pressure roller one, tensioning tensioning pressure roller one of pressure roller two, tensioning pressure roller two are separately mounted to the two sides of workbench square opening and are sending
Expect the inside of module.
6. a kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the tensioning pressure roller one,
It is identical to be tensioned two structure of pressure roller, the tensioning pressure roller one includes fastening nut, tensioning one supporting element of pressure roller, axle sleeve, deep-groove ball axis
Three, tensioning shaft, tensioning roller are held, wherein tensioning roller two sides are provided with circular trough, three outer diameter of deep groove ball bearing is matched by interference
Be mounted in the round notch of tensioning roller two sides, tensioning shaft and three internal diameter of deep groove ball bearing cooperate, and in tensioning shaft
Mandrel line is consistent with the tensioning central axis of roller, carries out axially position, tensioning shaft to pressure roller using the axle sleeve of tensioning shaft two sides
Two sides are provided with external screw thread, are fixed on tensioning pressure roller using fastening nut and prop up in a support member.
7. a kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the warm-up block includes
Electric roller, electric roller supporting element, electric heating item, electric heating connector, wherein electric roller supporting element and electric heating connector pass through spiral shell
Pit is fixedly connected with the upper surface of workbench, and electric roller is fixed on electric roller supporting element, and is mounted on the interior of Tension module
Side, electric heating item are fixed on electric heating connector.
8. a kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the workbench includes slot
Mouth, square opening, threaded hole and groove, wherein the setting of notch is the position adjusting for feeding module, and square opening is located in groove.
9. a kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the lifting platform includes base
Plate, preheating device, supporting plate and electric cylinders are wherein fixedly connected above supporting plate and electric cylinders, are fixedly connected above preheating device and supporting plate,
Substrate is mounted on above preheating device.
10. using a kind of Method of printing of electron beam metal 3D printing device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that packet
Include the following steps:
(1) metallic film is installed on film feeding roller, and metallic film is fixedly connected with winder rod in advance；Metal foil
Film needs successively to pass through Tension module and warm-up block during the installation process, spreads out metallic film in advance, by below lifting platform
Preheating device substrate is preheated；
(2) after the preparation more than completing, system control electron beam is logical after reaching to vacuum condition and preheating temperature,
Carry out electron beam calcination metallic film, when this layer of metallic film burn down at after, electron gun controls electron beam and interrupts, and terminates this
The material molten deposition of layer；Subsequent lifting platform moves down the displacement of a thickness of metal film value, and stepper motor drives winder rod
Rotation, recycling has melted the metallic film finished and has spread out new metallic film in the top of formed part, and makes base
Drip molding upper surface on plate is still contacted with new metallic film lower surface but contactless power, and it is heavy to be melted again later
Long-pending, step more than circulation finally realizes the increasing material manufacturing of metal parts.
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| CN201811356574.7A CN109226763A (en) | 2018-11-14 | 2018-11-14 | A kind of electron beam metal 3D printing device and Method of printing |
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Application publication date: 20190118 |