CN107584122B - It is a kind of based on agitating friction connection-micro- molten drop compound increasing material manufacturing method and apparatus - Google Patents
It is a kind of based on agitating friction connection-micro- molten drop compound increasing material manufacturing method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN107584122B CN107584122B CN201710816919.1A CN201710816919A CN107584122B CN 107584122 B CN107584122 B CN 107584122B CN 201710816919 A CN201710816919 A CN 201710816919A CN 107584122 B CN107584122 B CN 107584122B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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Abstract
A kind of increasing material manufacturing method compound based on agitating friction connection-micro- molten drop, it is characterized in that it is the following steps are included: (1) processes the threedimensional model of part according to required increasing material manufacturing, part is divided by several layers using microtomy, first layer metal plate is placed on thereon；(2) temperature that micro- molten drop spraying system is controlled by computer, makes metal molten at molten metal, micro- molten drop is injected on first layer metal plate；(3) second layer metal plate is placed on required position, starts chucking appliance system, by second layer metal plate clamping on micro- molten drop layer, connected using agitating friction device according to the agitating friction that desired trajectory carries out the micro- molten drop layer-plate of plate-；(4) after the completion of agitating friction connection, step (2) and (3) are repeated, realize the layer-by-layer accumulation manufacture of sheet metal and micro- molten drop layer.Treatment process of the present invention is simple, implements to be easy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal material manufacturing technology, especially a kind of metal material increases material manufacturing technology, specifically
Say to be a kind of based on agitating friction connection-micro- compound increasing material manufacturing method and apparatus of molten drop.
Background technique
Increasing material manufacturing (Additive Manufacturing, AM) technology is that the method gradually to be added up using material is manufactured in fact
The technology of body part is the manufacturing method of a kind of " from bottom to top " relative to traditional material removal-Machining Technology for Cutting.
The method of increasing material manufacturing is numerous, and high energy beam current (laser beam, electron beam) increases material manufacturing technology is the technical field
Important development direction is to be combined using high energy beam current with CAD/CAM technology, in vacuum chamber or the environment of inert gas shielding
In, it is filled out to focal heat area and metal wire material or paving is sent to send metal powder material, melt material successively, solidification-stack, form whole knot
The direct near-net-shape technology of structure.It has many advantages, such as that rapid shaping, process-cycle are short, flexibility is high, can produce tradition side
The labyrinth that method can not process has very extensive development prospect in Aeronautics and Astronautics field.But high energy beam increasing material manufacturing
There are some problems, due to being using high temperature coating material, forming speed is very fast, and when material solidification inevitably has gas
The defects of hole, nodularization, crackle, deformation and lack of fusion, and equipment costly, capacity usage ratio it is low, with high costs, for
The temperature distortion of low melting point metal material is particularly problematic.
Metal droplet spraying technique is also a kind of increases material manufacturing technology that developed recently gets up, it is based on " discrete-folded
Add " forming principle, by liquid drop ejector generate homogeneous metal droplet, using molten metal droplet as basic forming list
Member, by making metal droplet accurate deposition in specific position " by point to line, by line to face, by face to body " and mutually merging, solidifying
Though point-by-point layer-by-layer " accumulation ", realize the quick manufacture of complex three-dimensional structure.The technology is simple with its molding equipment, control is smart
Degree is high, can effectively thinning microstructure, improve the advantages that molded article performance, in small complicated metalwork preparation, circuit printing and electricity
The fields such as son encapsulation and structure-function integration part manufacturing have wide application prospect.But part during droplet deposition
All kinds of defects such as internal hole easy to form, crackle, seriously affect its overall performance, and surface of shaped parts is of low quality.
Agitating friction connection be one efficiently, the solid phase joining techniques of energy-saving and environmental protection, in connection procedure by stirring tool with
Material occurs that friction generates heat can make material softening, and for material there is no fusing, jointing can be to avoid gold such as stomata, crackles
Belong to defect, while can realize the low stress and small deformation of workpiece after connection.Therefore, agitating friction connection is widely used in aluminium alloy
Etc. the connection procedure of coloured light metal.Agitating friction connection, as heat source, carries out the solid diffusivity between material using mechanical energy,
Achievable block is directly in solid molding metal structure, from broadly and a kind of solid-state increases material manufacturing technology.
It is few to the report of agitating friction increasing material manufacturing from the point of view of disclosed document and data-searching, Chinese patent (application
Number: 201510623086.8) a kind of metal material agitating friction increasing material manufacturing method is disclosed, this method is stirred by agitating friction head
It mixes double layer of metal to be allowed to connect, after certain number of plies is accumulated in layer-by-layer stirring connection, switching cutting tool, which carries out machining, to be made to stir
Mix friction part and it is non-stirred rub part plate separate, it can be achieved that the coloured light metal large size integrated member such as aluminium alloy it is low at
Originally, high-performance quickly manufactures.Chinese patent (application number: 201410701194.8) discloses a kind of metal laser melting increasing material system
Method is made, by being modified using constituency agitating friction to single layer laser photocoagulation area after laser gain material manufacture processes each layer,
Solidification cracking is eliminated, and is formed nanocrystalline.Multilayer processing is and so on carried out, to produce the nanocrystalline tough flawless of height
Complicated metal parts.This kind of method is mainly repair to the defect of laser fusing increasing material manufacturing making up.Chinese patent
(patent No.: ZL201410814969.2) disclose a kind of metal increasing material manufacturing method and metal parts using cold hearth melting and
Using raw metal specifically being obtained molten metal by cold hearth melting, then molten metal is coated with according to desired guiding trajectory
The surface of prefabricated blank, then to still be in good mecystasis metal be stirred friction processing thermo-mechanical processi, in this way by
Layer carries out thermo-mechanical processi after being coated with line by line, and finally obtains final products.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is be directed to existing high energy beam increasing material manufacturing and metal droplet spraying technique metal produced
There is the defects of stomata, nodularization, crackle, deformation and lack of fusion in product, can improve in conjunction with agitating friction interconnection technique
The characteristics of material property, invents a kind of increasing material manufacturing method compound based on agitating friction connection-micro- molten drop, while providing one kind
Corresponding device.
Technical solution of the present invention first is that:
A kind of increasing material manufacturing method compound based on agitating friction connection-micro- molten drop, it is characterised in that it includes following step
It is rapid:
1) threedimensional model that part is processed according to required increasing material manufacturing, is divided into several layers for part using microtomy, under
Up, it is denoted as the 1st, 2,3 respectively, n-layer, wherein odd-level uses sheet metal, and even level is carried out using micro- molten drop layer
Increasing material manufacturing, first layer and n-th layer are sheet metal；First layer metal plate 5 is placed on above substrate 11, fixture is started
System, first layer metal plate 5 is fixed, and substrate 11 is bolted on five-shaft numerical control workbench 12；
2) temperature that micro- molten drop spraying system 6 is controlled by computer 1 makes metal molten at molten metal 7, starting auxiliary
Heating device 13 heats substrate 11, and the capacity of micro- molten drop 8 according to needed for every layer controls micro- molten drop 8 by computer 1
Micro- molten drop 8 is injected on first layer metal plate 5 by size and jet velocity according to certain motion profile；
3) after micro- molten drop 8 sprays, chucking appliance system is unclamped by controller 2, that is, unclamps multiple clamping fixture heads 14, passes through
Executing agency's adsorbent equipment 4 of 3 end of mechanical arm picks up second layer metal plate 5, in the positioning action of positioning system 9
Under, second layer metal plate 5 is placed on required position, then；Apply certain pressure to sheet metal 5, keeps micro- molten drop 8 flat
It spreads out, reaches the thickness of the micro- molten drop layer of the first layer as set by slicing delamination；Start chucking appliance system, by second layer metal plate
5 clampings on micro- molten drop layer, control five-shaft numerical control workbench 12 move, using agitating friction device 15 according to desired trajectory into
Andante material-micro- molten drop layer-plate agitating friction connection；
4) after the completion of agitating friction connection, step 2 and 3) is repeated, realizes the layer-by-layer of sheet metal and micro- molten drop layer
Accumulation manufacture.
Micro- molten drop 8 injection when start ultrasonic vibration installation 10, with improve micro- molten drop 8 divided on sheet metal it is uniform
Property and divide rate.
Also start ultrasonic vibration installation 10 when agitating friction device 15 works, to improve Friction Stir Welding performance.
Second layer metal plate 5 passes through adsorbent equipment 4 after being placed on micro- molten drop 8 and applies certain pressure to sheet metal 5
Power divides out micro- molten drop 8.
The 8 jet motion track of micro- molten drop is continuous serpentine structure or discontinuous dotted distribution.
Technical solution of the present invention second is that:
One kind is based on agitating friction connection-micro- compound increasing material manufacturing device of molten drop, it is characterized in that it includes
One control system；The control system is made of computer 1 and controller 2, and is connect with remaining system electrical；
One frock clamp system；The frock clamp system is by substrate 11, ultrasonic vibration installation 10, assisted heating device 13
It is formed with multiple clamping fixture heads 14, each clamping fixture head 14 can work independently, and the ultrasonic vibration installation 10 is being located at substrate just
Top can control its spatial position by control system, be mainly used to tiling and enhancing that auxiliary accelerates micro- molten drop 8
The binding performance of agitating friction connection, the assisted heating device 13 is located at the inside of substrate 11, for keeping substrate 11 and gold
The temperature for belonging to plate 5, guarantees that micro- molten drop 8 also shows soft state on falling on sheet metal 5；
One sheet metal transportation system；The sheet metal transportation system is by mechanical arm 3, adsorbent equipment 4 and positioning dress
9 compositions are set, the adsorbent equipment 4 is located at the execution end of mechanical arm 3, is used to adsorbing metal plate 5, the positioning dress
It sets 9 to be connected to the control system, the lowered position with 4 co- controlling sheet metal 5 of mechanical arm 3 and adsorbent equipment, meet every
The different location of layer sheet metal 5 needs；
One micro- molten drop spraying system connects system with agitating friction；Micro- molten drop spraying system is sprayed by micro- molten drop to be filled
It sets 6, molten metal 7 and micro- molten drop 8 forms；The agitating friction connection system is by five-shaft numerical control workbench 12 and agitating friction
Device 15 forms.
The present invention has following technical characterstic:
(1) present invention can spray stomata caused by increasing material manufacturing to avoid energy beam increasing material manufacturing and metal droplet, split
The defects of line, drip molding residual stress and thermal deformation are small；It can effectively improve by the agitating friction effect of stirring-head multiple micro- molten
Melt run crack defect between drop makes binding performance between sheet metal and micro- molten drop be greatly enhanced, improves drip molding
Overall performance.
(2) treatment process of the present invention is simple, implements to be easy, and increases material system especially suitable for the coloured light metal component such as aluminium alloy
It makes, realizes the green low cost quickly manufacture of high-performance large-scale metal component.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic structural diagram of the device of the invention；
In figure: 1: computer, 2: controller, 3: mechanical arm, 4: adsorbent equipment, 5: sheet metal, 6: micro- molten drop injection
Device, 7: molten metal, 8: micro- molten drop, 9: positioning device, 10: ultrasonic vibration installation, 11: substrate, 12: five-shaft numerical control work
Platform, 13: assisted heating device, 14: clamping fixture head, 15: agitating friction device.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, and embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment one.
As shown in Figure 1.
One kind is based on agitating friction connection-micro- compound increasing material manufacturing method of molten drop, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) threedimensional model that part is processed according to required increasing material manufacturing, is divided into several layers for part using microtomy, under
Up, it is denoted as the 1st, 2,3 respectively, n-layer, wherein odd-level uses sheet metal, and even level is carried out using micro- molten drop layer
First layer metal plate 5 is placed on above substrate 11 by increasing material manufacturing, starts chucking appliance system, first layer metal plate 5 is consolidated
Fixed, substrate 11 is bolted on five-shaft numerical control workbench 12.
(2) temperature that micro- molten drop spraying system 6 is controlled by computer 1 makes metal molten at molten metal 7, starts auxiliary
Heating device 13 and ultrasonic vibration installation 10 are helped, the capacity of micro- molten drop 8 according to needed for every layer controls micro- molten drop 8 by computer 1
Size and jet velocity, micro- molten drop 8 is injected on first layer metal plate 5 according to certain motion profile, the fortune
Dynamic rail mark can be continuous serpentine structure, be also possible to discontinuous dotted distribution.
(3) after micro- molten drop 8 sprays, chucking appliance system is unclamped by controller 2, that is, unclamps multiple clamping fixture heads 14, is led to
The executing agency's adsorbent equipment 4 for crossing 3 end of mechanical arm picks up second layer metal plate 5, in the positioning action of positioning system 9
Under, second layer metal plate 5 is placed on required position, certain pressure is then applied to sheet metal 5 by adsorbent equipment 4
Power divides out micro- molten drop 8, reaches the thickness of the micro- molten drop layer of the first layer as set by slicing delamination.Start chucking appliance system, it will
5 clamping of second layer metal plate is on micro- molten drop layer, and control five-shaft numerical control workbench 12 moves, using agitating friction device 15
The agitating friction connection of the micro- molten drop layer-plate of plate-is carried out according to desired trajectory.
(4) after the completion of agitating friction connection, step 2 and 3 is repeated, realizes the layer-by-layer heap of sheet metal and micro- molten drop layer
Product manufacture.
Embodiment two.
As shown in Figure 1.
One kind based on agitating friction connection-micro- compound increasing material manufacturing device of molten drop include control system, frock clamp system,
Sheet metal transportation system, micro- molten drop spraying system connect system with agitating friction.As shown in Figure 1, the control system is by counting
Calculation machine 1 and controller 2 form；The frock clamp system is by substrate 11, ultrasonic vibration installation 10, assisted heating device 13 and more
A clamping fixture head 14 forms；The sheet metal transportation system is made of mechanical arm 3, adsorbent equipment 4 and positioning device 9, institute
The micro- molten drop spraying system stated is made of micro- molten drop injection apparatus 6, molten metal 7 and micro- molten drop 8；The agitating friction connection
System is made of five-shaft numerical control workbench 12 and Horizontal stirring rubbing device 15.The ultrasonic vibration installation 10 is being located at substrate just
Top can control its spatial position by controller 2, be mainly used to tiling and enhancing that auxiliary accelerates micro- molten drop 8
The binding performance of agitating friction connection；The assisted heating device 13 is located at the inside of substrate 11, for keeping substrate 11 and gold
The temperature for belonging to plate 5, guarantees that micro- molten drop 8 also shows soft state on falling on sheet metal 5；The adsorbent equipment 4
In the execution end of mechanical arm 3, it is used to adsorbing metal plate 5, the positioning device 9 is connected to the control system, with machine
The lowered position of 4 co- controlling sheet metal 5 of tool arm 3 and adsorbent equipment, meets the different location need of every layer of sheet metal 5
It wants.
The part that the present invention does not relate to prior art is identical or can be realized by using the prior art.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of increasing material manufacturing method compound based on agitating friction connection-micro- molten drop, it is characterised in that it the following steps are included:
1) threedimensional model that part is processed according to required increasing material manufacturing, is divided into several layers for part using microtomy, from the bottom up,
It is denoted as the 1st, 2,3 respectively, n-layer, wherein odd-level uses sheet metal, and even level carries out increasing material using micro- molten drop layer
Manufacture, first layer and n-th layer are sheet metal；First layer metal plate (5) is placed on substrate (11) above, starts fixture
System, first layer metal plate (5) are fixed, and substrate (11) is bolted on five-shaft numerical control workbench (12)；
2) temperature that micro- molten drop spraying system (6) is controlled by computer (1) makes metal molten at molten metal (7), starts auxiliary
Heating device (13) is helped to heat substrate (11), the capacity of micro- molten drop (8) according to needed for every layer is controlled by computer (1)
Micro- molten drop (8) is injected in first layer metal plate according to certain motion profile by the size and jet velocity for making micro- molten drop (8)
(5) on；
3) after micro- molten drop (8) injection, chucking appliance system is unclamped by controller (2), that is, unclamps multiple clamping fixture heads (14), is led to
The executing agency's adsorbent equipment (4) for crossing mechanical arm (3) end picks up second layer metal plate (5), in positioning system (9)
Under positioning action, second layer metal plate (5) is placed on required position, then；Sheet metal (5) are applied with certain pressure
Power divides out micro- molten drop (8), reaches the thickness of the micro- molten drop layer of the first layer as set by slicing delamination；Start chucking appliance system,
By second layer metal plate (5) clamping on micro- molten drop layer, control five-shaft numerical control workbench (12) movement, using agitating friction
Device (15) is connected according to the agitating friction that desired trajectory carries out the micro- molten drop layer-plate of plate-；
4) after the completion of agitating friction connection, step 2 and 3) is repeated, realizes the layer-by-layer accumulation of sheet metal and micro- molten drop layer
Manufacture.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that micro- molten drop (8) spray when start ultrasonic vibration installation (10),
To improve the uniformity and divide rate that micro- molten drop (8) is divided on sheet metal.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that starting ultrasonic vibration dress when agitating friction device (15) work
(10) are set, to improve Friction Stir Welding performance.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that second layer metal plate (5) leads to after being placed on micro- molten drop (8)
It crosses adsorbent equipment (4) and sheet metal (5) is applied with certain pressure, divide out micro- molten drop (8).
5. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that micro- molten drop (8) the jet motion track is continuous " S "
Shape structure or discontinuous dotted distribution.
6. one kind is based on agitating friction connection-micro- compound increasing material manufacturing device of molten drop, it is characterized in that it includes
One control system；The control system is made of computer (1) and controller (2), and is connect with remaining system electrical；
One frock clamp system；The frock clamp system is by substrate (11), ultrasonic vibration installation (10), assisted heating device
(13) it can work independently with multiple clamping fixture heads (14) composition, each clamping fixture head (14), the ultrasonic vibration installation (10)
Right above substrate, its spatial position can be controlled by control system, be mainly used to auxiliary and accelerate micro- molten drop (8)
Tiling and the binding performance that connect of enhancing agitating friction, the assisted heating device (13) is located at the inside of substrate (11), use
The temperature of substrate (11) and sheet metal (5) is kept, guarantees that micro- molten drop (8) also shows on falling on sheet metal (5) soft
Change state；
One sheet metal transportation system；The sheet metal transportation system is by mechanical arm (3), adsorbent equipment (4) and positioning dress
(9) composition is set, the adsorbent equipment (4) is located at the execution end of mechanical arm (3), is used to adsorbing metal plate (5), described
Positioning device (9) be connected to the control system, with mechanical arm (3) and adsorbent equipment (4) co- controlling sheet metal (5)
Lowered position meets the different location needs of every layer of sheet metal (5)；
One micro- molten drop spraying system connects system with agitating friction；Micro- molten drop spraying system is by micro- molten drop injection apparatus
(6), molten metal (7) and micro- molten drop (8) composition；The agitating friction connection system by five-shaft numerical control workbench (12) and is stirred
Mix rubbing device (15) composition.
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| CN110315071A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-10-11 | 东南大学 | A kind of fixation devices and methods therefor of Direct Rapid Prototyping Metal increasing material manufacturing substrate |
| CN111230109B (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-09-14 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | Additive manufacturing equipment and additive manufacturing method |
| TWI766465B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-06-01 | 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 | Friction stir build-up manufacturing method of metal parts |
| CN115090249B (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2023-03-21 | 浙江大学 | Reaction system for capturing liquid drops in micro-scale manner |
| CN115283700A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-04 | 中国兵器装备集团西南技术工程研究所 | Defect repairing device and method for metal structural part |
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| JP2002035965A (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2002-02-05 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Joining method for metal-ceramics composite materials or metal-ceramics composite material and metallic material |
| US8632850B2 (en) * | 2005-09-26 | 2014-01-21 | Schultz-Creehan Holdings, Inc. | Friction fabrication tools |
| KR101451278B1 (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2014-10-16 | (주)태광테크 | Apparatus for friction stir welding |
| CN105171229A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-23 | 北京理工大学 | Friction stir additive manufacturing method for metal materials |
| CN107020447B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2019-05-21 | 西安交通大学 | Large thick-wall cylindrical member composite layer stacked Friction Stir Welding increases material forming technology |
| CN106925883B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-11-23 | 西安交通大学 | The radially superimposed formula Friction Stir Welding of large thick-wall ring increases material forming technology |
| CN106925884B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-11-23 | 西安交通大学 | The axially stacked formula Friction Stir Welding of large thin-wall ring increases material forming technology |
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