CN107584122A - A kind of method and apparatus that micro- compound increasing material manufacturing of molten drop is connected based on agitating friction - Google Patents
A kind of method and apparatus that micro- compound increasing material manufacturing of molten drop is connected based on agitating friction Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
It is a kind of that the compound increasing material manufacturing method of micro- molten drop is connected based on agitating friction, it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps：（1）The threedimensional model of part is processed according to required increasing material manufacturing, if part is divided into dried layer using microtomy, first layer metal sheet material is placed on thereon；（2）The temperature of micro- molten drop spraying system is controlled by computer, makes metal molten that micro- molten drop is injected on first layer metal sheet material into molten metal；（3）Second layer metal sheet material is placed on required position, starts chucking appliance system, by second layer metal sheet material clamping on micro- molten drop layer, the agitating friction for being carried out the micro- molten drop laminate material of sheet material according to desired trajectory using agitating friction device is connected；（4）After the completion of agitating friction connection, step is repeated（2）With（3）, realize the successively accumulation manufacture of sheet metal and micro- molten drop layer.Treatment process of the present invention is simple, and it is easy to implement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of metal material manufacturing technology, especially a kind of metal material increases material manufacturing technology, specifically
Say it is that one kind is based on agitating friction connection-micro- compound increasing material manufacturing method and apparatus of molten drop.
Background technology
Increasing material manufacturing（Additive Manufacturing, AM）Technology is that the method manufacture gradually to be added up using material is real
The technology of body part, it is the manufacture method of a kind of " from bottom to top " relative to traditional material removal-Machining Technology for Cutting.
The method of increasing material manufacturing is numerous, high energy beam current（Laser beam, electron beam）Increases material manufacturing technology is the technical field
Important development direction, be to be combined using high energy beam current with CAD/CAM technologies, in vacuum chamber or inert gas shielding environment
In, filled out to focal heat area and send metal wire material or paving to send metal powder material, material is successively melted, solidification-stack, form overall knot
The direct near-net-shape technology of structure.It has the advantages that rapid shaping, process-cycle are short, flexibility is high, can produce tradition side
The labyrinth that method can not process, there is quite varied development prospect in Aeronautics and Astronautics field.But high energy beam increasing material manufacturing
There are problems that, due to being to utilize high temperature coating material, forming speed is very fast, gas inevitably be present during material solidification
The defects of hole, nodularization, crackle, deformation and lack of fusion, and equipment costly, capacity usage ratio it is low, with high costs, for
The temperature distortion of low melting point metal material is particularly problematic.
Metal droplet spraying technique is also a kind of increases material manufacturing technology that developed recently gets up, and it is based on " discrete-folded
Add " forming principle, by liquid drop ejector produce homogeneous metal droplet, using molten metal droplet as basic forming list
Member, by making metal droplet accurate deposition in ad-hoc location " by putting to line, by line to face, by face to body " and mutually merging, solidifying
Gu successively " accumulating " point by point, and realize the quick manufacture of complex three-dimensional structure.The technology is so that its former is simple, control essence
Degree is high, can effectively thinning microstructure, improve the advantages that molded article performance, prepare in small complicated metalwork, circuit printing with it is electric
The field such as son encapsulation and the manufacture of structure-function integration part has wide application prospect.But the part during droplet deposition
It is internal easily to form all kinds of defects such as hole, crackle, its overall performance is had a strong impact on, and surface of shaped parts is of low quality.
Agitating friction connection be one efficiently, the solid phase joining technique of energy-saving and environmental protection, in connection procedure by stirring tool with
Friction generation heat energy, which occurs, for material makes material softening, and material does not melt, and jointing can avoid the gold such as stomata, crackle
Belong to defect, while the low stress and small deformation of workpiece after connection can be realized.Therefore, agitating friction connection is widely used in aluminium alloy
Etc. the connection procedure of coloured light metal.Agitating friction connection using mechanical energy be used as thermal source, progress material between solid diffusivity,
Achievable block is directly in solid molding metal structure, from broadly, and a kind of solid-state increases material manufacturing technology.
It is few to the report of agitating friction increasing material manufacturing from the point of view of disclosed document and data-searching, Chinese patent（Application
Number：201510623086.8）A kind of metal material agitating friction increasing material manufacturing method is disclosed, this method is stirred by agitating friction head
Mix double layer of metal to be allowed to connect, after certain number of plies is accumulated in successively stirring connection, switching cutting tool, which carries out machining, to be made to stir
Mix friction portion and the separation of non-stirred friction portion sheet material, can be achieved the large-scale integrated member of coloured light metal such as aluminium alloy it is low into
Originally, high-performance quickly manufactures.Chinese patent（Application number：201410701194.8）Disclose a kind of metal laser melting increasing material system
Method is made, by after laser gain material manufacture processes each layer, being modified using constituency agitating friction to individual layer laser photocoagulation area,
Solidification cracking is eliminated, and is formed nanocrystalline.Multilayer processing is and so on carried out, so as to produce the nanocrystalline tough flawless of height
Complicated metallic element.This kind of method mainly carries out reparation to the defects of laser fusion increasing material manufacturing and made up.Chinese patent
（The patent No.：ZL201410814969.2）Disclose a kind of metal increasing material manufacturing method and metal parts using cold hearth melting and
Using feed metal specifically being obtained into molten metal by cold hearth melting, then molten metal is coated with according to desired guiding trajectory
The surface of prefabricated blank, then to still be in good mecystasis metal be stirred friction processing thermo-mechanical processi, so by
Layer carries out thermo-mechanical processi after being coated with line by line, and finally obtains final products.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is the metal produced for existing high energy beam increasing material manufacturing and metal droplet spraying technique
Be present the defects of stomata, nodularization, crackle, deformation and lack of fusion in product, can improve with reference to agitating friction interconnection technique
The characteristics of material property, a kind of increasing material manufacturing method compound based on agitating friction connection-micro- molten drop is invented, while one kind is provided
Corresponding device.
One of technical scheme is：
A kind of increasing material manufacturing method compound based on agitating friction connection-micro- molten drop, it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps：
1）The threedimensional model of part is processed according to required increasing material manufacturing, if part is divided into dried layer using microtomy, from the bottom up,
The 1st, 2,3 are denoted as respectively, n-layer, wherein odd-level use sheet metal, and even level carries out increasing material using micro- molten drop layer
Manufacture, first layer and n-th layer are sheet metal；First layer metal sheet material 5 is placed on above substrate 11, starts fixture system
System, first layer metal sheet material 5 is fixed, substrate 11 is bolted on five-shaft numerical control workbench 12；
2）The temperature of micro- molten drop spraying system 6 is controlled by computer 1, metal molten is started auxiliary heating into molten metal 7
Device 13 is heated to substrate 11, the capacity of micro- molten drop 8 according to needed for every layer, and the size of micro- molten drop 8 is controlled by computer 1
And jet velocity, micro- molten drop 8 is injected on first layer metal sheet material 5 according to certain movement locus；
3）After micro- molten drop 8 sprays, chucking appliance system is unclamped by controller 2, that is, unclamps multiple clamping fixture heads 14, passes through machinery
Executing agency's adsorbent equipment 4 of the end of arm 3 picks up second layer metal sheet material 5, will under the positioning action of alignment system 9
Second layer metal sheet material 5 is placed on required position, then；Apply certain pressure to sheet metal 5, divide out micro- molten drop 8,
Reach as the thickness of the micro- molten drop layer of the first layer set by slicing delamination；Start chucking appliance system, by the clamping of second layer metal sheet material 5
On micro- molten drop layer, control five-shaft numerical control workbench 12 moves, and enters andante according to desired trajectory using agitating friction device 15
The agitating friction connection of material-micro- molten drop layer-sheet material；
4）After the completion of agitating friction connection, step 2 is repeated）With 3）, realize the successively accumulation of sheet metal and micro- molten drop layer
Manufacture.
When micro- molten drop 8 sprays start ultrasonic vibration installation 10, with improve micro- molten drop 8 divided on sheet metal it is uniform
Property and divide speed.
Also start ultrasonic vibration installation 10 when agitating friction device 15 works, to improve agitating friction welding performance.
Second layer metal sheet material 5 by adsorbent equipment 4 applies certain pressure to sheet metal 5 after being placed on micro- molten drop 8
Power, divide out micro- molten drop 8.
The described jet motion track of micro- molten drop 8 is that continuous serpentine structure or discontinuous point-like are distributed.
The two of technical scheme are：
One kind is based on agitating friction connection-micro- compound increasing material manufacturing device of molten drop, it is characterized in that it includes
One control system；The control system is made up of computer 1 and controller 2, and is connected with remaining system electrical；
One frock clamp system；The frock clamp system is by substrate 11, ultrasonic vibration installation 10, assisted heating device 13 and more
Individual clamping fixture head 14 forms, and each clamping fixture head 14 can work independently, and described ultrasonic vibration installation 10 is located at directly over substrate,
Its locus can be controlled by control system, be mainly used to tiling and enhancing stirring that auxiliary accelerates micro- molten drop 8
The binding ability of frictional connection, the assisted heating device 13 are located at the inside of substrate 11, for keeping substrate 11 and metallic plate
The temperature of material 5, ensure that micro- molten drop 8 also shows soft state on sheet metal 5 is fallen on；
One sheet metal induction system；The sheet metal induction system is by 9 groups of mechanical arm 3, adsorbent equipment 4 and positioner
Into, described adsorbent equipment 4 is located at the execution end of mechanical arm 3, for adsorbing metal sheet material 5, described positioner 9 with
Control system is connected, and with mechanical arm 3 and the lowered position of the co- controlling sheet metal 5 of adsorbent equipment 4, meets every layer of metal
The diverse location of sheet material 5 needs；
One micro- molten drop spraying system connects system with agitating friction；Described micro- molten drop spraying system by micro- molten drop injection apparatus 6,
Molten metal 7 and micro- molten drop 8 form；Described agitating friction connects system by five-shaft numerical control workbench 12 and agitating friction device
15 compositions.
The present invention has following technical characterstic：
（1）The present invention can avoid energy beam increasing material manufacturing and metal droplet from spraying stomata, crackle etc. caused by increasing material manufacturing
Defect, drip molding residual stress and thermal deformation are small；By the effect of the agitating friction of stirring-head can effectively improve multiple micro- molten drops it
Between melt run crack defect, binding ability between sheet metal and micro- molten drop is greatly enhanced, improve the entirety of drip molding
Performance.
（2）Treatment process of the present invention is simple, and it is easy to implement, and increases material system especially suitable for the coloured light metal component such as aluminium alloy
Make, realize the quick manufacture of green low cost of high-performance large-scale hardware.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is apparatus of the present invention structural representation；
In figure：1：Computer, 2：Controller, 3：Mechanical arm, 4：Adsorbent equipment, 5：Sheet metal, 6：Micro- molten drop injection apparatus,
7：Molten metal, 8：Micro- molten drop, 9：Positioner, 10：Ultrasonic vibration installation, 11：Substrate, 12：Five-shaft numerical control workbench, 13：
Assisted heating device, 14：Clamping fixture head, 15：Agitating friction device.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment one.
As shown in Figure 1.
One kind is comprised the following steps that based on agitating friction connection-micro- compound increasing material manufacturing method of molten drop：
（1）The threedimensional model of part is processed according to required increasing material manufacturing, if part is divided into dried layer using microtomy, from lower past
On, the 1st, 2,3 are denoted as respectively, n-layer, wherein odd-level use sheet metal, and even level is increased using micro- molten drop layer
Material is manufactured, and first layer metal sheet material 5 is placed on above substrate 11, starts chucking appliance system, first layer metal sheet material 5 is fixed,
Substrate 11 is bolted on five-shaft numerical control workbench 12.
（2）The temperature of micro- molten drop spraying system 6 is controlled by computer 1, metal molten is started auxiliary into molten metal 7
Heater 13 and ultrasonic vibration installation 10 are helped, the capacity of micro- molten drop 8 according to needed for every layer, micro- molten drop 8 is controlled by computer 1
Size and jet velocity, micro- molten drop 8 is injected on first layer metal sheet material 5 according to certain movement locus, described fortune
Dynamic rail mark can be continuous serpentine structure or the distribution of discontinuous point-like.
（3）After micro- molten drop 8 sprays, chucking appliance system is unclamped by controller 2, that is, unclamps multiple clamping fixture heads 14, is led to
The executing agency's adsorbent equipment 4 for crossing the end of mechanical arm 3 picks up second layer metal sheet material 5, in the positioning action of alignment system 9
Under, second layer metal sheet material 5 is placed on required position, certain pressure is then applied to sheet metal 5 by adsorbent equipment 4
Power, micro- molten drop 8 is divided out, reached as the thickness of the micro- molten drop layer of the first layer set by slicing delamination.Start chucking appliance system, will
The clamping of second layer metal sheet material 5 is on micro- molten drop layer, and control five-shaft numerical control workbench 12 moves, using agitating friction device 15
The agitating friction that sheet material-micro- molten drop layer-sheet material is carried out according to desired trajectory connects.
（4）After the completion of agitating friction connection, step 2 and 3 are repeated, realizes the successively heap of sheet metal and micro- molten drop layer
Product manufacture.
Embodiment two.
As shown in Figure 1.
One kind based on agitating friction connection-micro- compound increasing material manufacturing device of molten drop include control system, frock clamp system,
Sheet metal induction system, micro- molten drop spraying system connect system with agitating friction.As shown in figure 1, the control system is by counting
Calculation machine 1 and controller 2 form；The frock clamp system is by substrate 11, ultrasonic vibration installation 10, assisted heating device 13 and more
Individual clamping fixture head 14 forms；The sheet metal induction system is made up of mechanical arm 3, adsorbent equipment 4 and positioner 9, institute
The micro- molten drop spraying system stated is made up of micro- molten drop injection apparatus 6, molten metal 7 and micro- molten drop 8；Described agitating friction connection
System is made up of five-shaft numerical control workbench 12 and Horizontal stirring rubbing device 15.Described ultrasonic vibration installation 10 is being located at substrate just
Top, its locus can be controlled by controller 2, be mainly used to tiling and enhancing that auxiliary accelerates micro- molten drop 8
The binding ability of agitating friction connection；The assisted heating device 13 is located at the inside of substrate 11, for keeping substrate 11 and gold
Belong to the temperature of sheet material 5, ensure that micro- molten drop 8 also shows soft state on sheet metal 5 is fallen on；Described adsorbent equipment 4
In the execution end of mechanical arm 3, for adsorbing metal sheet material 5, described positioner 9 is connected with control system, with machine
The lowered position of tool arm 3 and the co- controlling sheet metal 5 of adsorbent equipment 4, meet the diverse location need of every layer of sheet metal 5
Will.
Part that the present invention does not relate to prior art is identical or can be realized using prior art.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. increasing material manufacturing method compound based on agitating friction connection-micro- molten drop, it is characterised in that it comprises the following steps：1）The threedimensional model of part is processed according to required increasing material manufacturing, if part is divided into dried layer using microtomy, from the bottom up, The 1st, 2,3 are denoted as respectively, n-layer, wherein odd-level use sheet metal, and even level carries out increasing material using micro- molten drop layer Manufacture, first layer and n-th layer are sheet metal；By first layer metal sheet material（5）It is placed on substrate（11）Above, fixture is started System, by first layer metal sheet material（5）It is fixed, substrate（11）It is bolted on five-shaft numerical control workbench（12）On；2）Pass through computer（1）Control micro- molten drop spraying system（6）Temperature, make metal molten into molten metal（7）, start auxiliary Help heater（13）To substrate（11）Heated, micro- molten drop according to needed for every layer（8）Capacity, pass through computer（1）Control Make micro- molten drop（8）Size and jet velocity, by micro- molten drop（8）First layer metal sheet material is injected according to certain movement locus （5）On；3）Micro- molten drop（8）After injection, pass through controller（2）Chucking appliance system is unclamped, that is, unclamps multiple clamping fixture heads（14）, lead to Cross mechanical arm（3）Executing agency's adsorbent equipment of end（4）By second layer metal sheet material（5）Pick up, in alignment system（9）'s Under positioning action, by second layer metal sheet material（5）Required position is placed on, then；To sheet metal（5）Apply certain pressure Power, make micro- molten drop（8）Divide out, reach as the thickness of the micro- molten drop layer of the first layer set by slicing delamination；Start chucking appliance system, By second layer metal sheet material（5）Clamping controls five-shaft numerical control workbench on micro- molten drop layer（12）Motion, using agitating friction Device（15）The agitating friction that sheet material-micro- molten drop layer-sheet material is carried out according to desired trajectory connects；4）After the completion of agitating friction connection, step 2 is repeated）With 3）, realize the successively accumulation of sheet metal and micro- molten drop layer Manufacture.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that in micro- molten drop（8）Start ultrasonic vibration installation during injection（10）, To improve the uniformity and divide speed that micro- molten drop 8 divides on sheet metal.
- 3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that in agitating friction device（15）Also ultrasonic vibration is started during work Device（10）, to improve agitating friction welding performance.
- 4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that second layer metal sheet material（5）It is placed on micro- molten drop（8）Lead to after upper Cross adsorbent equipment（4）To sheet metal（5）Apply certain pressure, make micro- molten drop（8）Divide out.
- 5. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that described micro- molten drop（8）Jet motion track is continuous " S " Shape structure or the distribution of discontinuous point-like.
- 6. one kind is based on agitating friction connection-micro- compound increasing material manufacturing device of molten drop, it is characterized in that it includesOne control system；The control system is by computer（1）And controller（2）Composition, and be connected with remaining system electrical；One frock clamp system；The frock clamp system is by substrate（11）, ultrasonic vibration installation（10）, assisted heating device （13）With multiple clamping fixture heads（14）Composition, each clamping fixture head（14）It can work independently, described ultrasonic vibration installation（10） Directly over substrate, its locus can be controlled by control system, be mainly used to auxiliary and accelerate micro- molten drop（8） Tiling and the binding ability that connects of enhancing agitating friction, the assisted heating device（13）Positioned at substrate（11）Inside, use Carry out substrate（11）And sheet metal（5）Temperature, ensure micro- molten drop（8）Falling on sheet metal（5）On also show softening shape State；One sheet metal induction system；The sheet metal induction system is by mechanical arm（3）, adsorbent equipment（4）Filled with positioning Put（9）Composition, described adsorbent equipment（4）Positioned at mechanical arm（3）Execution end, for adsorbing metal sheet material（5）, it is described Positioner（9）It is connected with control system, with mechanical arm（3）And adsorbent equipment（4）Co- controlling sheet metal（5）'s Lowered position, meet every layer of sheet metal（5）Diverse location need；One micro- molten drop spraying system connects system with agitating friction；Described micro- molten drop spraying system is by micro- molten drop injection apparatus （6）, molten metal（7）With micro- molten drop（8）Composition；Described agitating friction connects system by five-shaft numerical control workbench（12）With stir Mix rubbing device（15）Composition.
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| CN110315071A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-10-11 | 东南大学 | A kind of fixation devices and methods therefor of Direct Rapid Prototyping Metal increasing material manufacturing substrate |
| CN111230109A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-05 | 广东省焊接技术研究所（广东省中乌研究院） | Additive manufacturing equipment and additive manufacturing method |
| TWI766465B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2022-06-01 | 財團法人金屬工業研究發展中心 | Friction stir build-up manufacturing method of metal parts |
| CN115090249A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-09-23 | 浙江大学 | Reaction system for capturing liquid drops in micro-scale manner |
| CN115283700A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-11-04 | 中国兵器装备集团西南技术工程研究所 | Defect repairing device and method for metal structural part |
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