CN106925883A - The radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of large thick-wall ring increases material forming technology - Google Patents
The radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of large thick-wall ring increases material forming technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN106925883A CN106925883A CN201710179493.3A CN201710179493A CN106925883A CN 106925883 A CN106925883 A CN 106925883A CN 201710179493 A CN201710179493 A CN 201710179493A CN 106925883 A CN106925883 A CN 106925883A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
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Abstract
The radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of large thick-wall ring increases material forming technology, sheet thin-walled ring monomer is prepared using footpath axial direction hot rolling technique, increasing material forming technique using Double shaft stirring friction welding carries out the radially superimposed formula Double shaft stirring friction welding increasing material shaping of thin-walled ring monomer, welding welding wire used needs to be preheated by laser heater, it is easy to the plasticizing of welding wire in welding process, simultaneously in welding process, need to carry out micro- forging treatment to the metal for plastifying using ultrasonic wave excitation device, the metal structure form that guarantee forms weld seam approximately forms nugget completely；After being welded one week along weld seam, welding wire constantly fills keyhole, while stirring-head is lentamente extracted out from workpiece, so as to complete the welding of the first ring thin-walled ring monomer；Finally carry out the radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of heavy wall ring and increase material shaping, the present invention can significantly improve the utilization rate of material, reduce energy resource consumption, improve the overall performance of product.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to band large-scale metal ring forming technique field, and in particular to the radially superimposed formula stirring of large thick-wall ring
Friction welding increases material forming technology.
Background technology
With the fast development of China's oil chemical industry, electric power, ship, Aero-Space and equipment manufacture, ring demand
It is continuously increased, kind is more and more, size is increasing, material therefor species is also increasingly presented variation.For middle-size and small-size ring
For part, now commonplace forming technique is to carry out ring rolling using machine for rolling ring.However, for large ring,
Because forming process needs huge plastic force to complete, large-scale rolling forging equipment manufactures difficulty, is more expensive to manufacture, by milling train
The limitation of crystallized ability and product shaping quality, it is difficult to realize that it shapes with rolling technique.As ingot casting increase setting rate is slow,
Material segregation is serious, coarse grains and crackle casting flaw can not be eliminated all during later stage rolling forging and stamping, causes part
Elongation percentage and intensity can not meet design requirement.In actual production, easily occur bark pocket, die cavity be not fully filled, the phenomenon such as coarse-grain.
And large ring is successfully rolled often with more spillage of material, is cost compared with high-energy source consumption.In addition, existing stirring
Friction welding easily forms the defects such as overlap, pit and keyhole in commissure.Therefore, the processing method of traditional large thick-wall ring
The efficient of market proposition, energy-saving material-saving, the manufacture requirement of superior performance cannot have been met.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome disadvantages mentioned above, it is an object of the invention to provide the radially superimposed formula agitating friction weldering of large thick-wall ring
Increasing material forming technology is connect, the high-performance large-scale heavy wall ring that commissure metal structure forms nugget completely is prepared by the technique
Part, can significantly improve the utilization rate of material, reduce energy resource consumption, improve the overall performance of product.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
The radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of large thick-wall ring increases material forming technology, comprises the following steps：
1) thin-walled ring monomer roll forming：Thin-walled ring base is carried out using footpath-axial direction hot rolling technique, will be ready
Ingot is prepared agitating friction and is welded and increased required for material shapes by blanking, base, looping mill rolling, heat treatment and process for machining
Thin-walled ring monomer；
2) the radially superimposed formula Double shaft stirring friction welding of thin-walled ring monomer increases material shaping：First, by the first thin-walled ring
Monomer 1-1 and the second thin-walled ring monomer 1-2 using clamping in the form of coaxial radially superimposed docking on welding bench as treating
Welder's part；Then, welding wire 4 is preheated by laser heater 5, is sent the welding wire 4 after preheating with feed appliance 3
To at the weld seam 2-1 of workpiece to be welded；Then, first vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2 of rotation are penetrated respectively at a high speed
The both sides up and down of workpiece joint to be welded, the rotation in a counterclockwise direction of the first vertical mixing first 1, the second vertical mixing first 2 is with the inverse time
The rotation of pin direction, at the same the first vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2 along weld seam 2-1 around ring end face counterclockwise movement；
The tangential linear velocity of identical is toward persistently conveying welding wire 4, welding wire 4 at weld seam 2-1 when feed appliance 3 is with stirring-head rotation
Weld seam 2-1, the first vertical mixing first 1 and second are ceaselessly stirred into by the first vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2 simultaneously
The autorotation speed of vertical mixing first 2 is identical, and autorotation speed size needs to make workpiece weld seam 2-1 surrounding metals to be welded and welding wire
4 can be heated to mecystasis, and control temperature is less than the fusing point of metal, and the metal of plasticizing is in the first vertical mixing first 1 and the
Under the stirring of two vertical mixings first 2 and squeezing action, the cavity for constantly being formed after the movement of filling mixing needle, and gradually cool down solidifying
Solid is into weld seam 2-1；In addition, while the first vertical mixing first 1 and first 2 stirring of the second vertical mixing are welded, ultrasonic excitation device 6
Open, the metal to being plastified at weld seam 2-1 carries out micro- forging treatment, metal structure form at weld seam 2-1 is approximately formed weldering completely
Core；First vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2 travel forward after stirring welding one week along weld seam 2-1, and first vertical stirs
Mix first 1 and second vertical mixing first 2 mixing speed it is constant, while the first vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2 are from treating
Slowly extracted out in the weld seam 2-1 of welder's part, feed appliance 3 continues to welding wire 4 is conveyed in keyhole, and now, feed appliance 3 continues defeated
The speed and time of sending welding wire 4 need extraction speed and time with the first vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2
Match, untill filling up keyhole after the welding wire 4 for continuing to convey is plastified, complete the first ring thin-walled ring monomer
Radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding increases material forming process；
3) the radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of heavy wall ring increases material shaping：According to step 2) thin-walled ring monomer radially
The welding of stacked agitating friction increases material forming technology, with Axial and radial by ring superposition welding thin-walled ring monomer, completes the second ring, the
Three rings, the welding of the n-th ring thin-walled ring monomer radially superimposed formula agitating friction increase material shaping, until final weldering
The workpiece for being connected into shape meets product requirement, then complete the radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of large thick-wall ring and increase material shaping.
The structure of described the first vertical mixing first 1 first with the second vertical mixing 2 is identical, including shaft shoulder A1 and mixing needle
B1, shaft shoulder A1 is plane.
Described welding wire 4 is identical with the material properties of workpiece to be welded.
Described laser heater 5 be used for welding wire 4 preheating, it is ensured that welding wire 4 in welding process with it is to be welded
Metal at workpiece weld seam 2-1 reaches plastifying state simultaneously.
The present invention has advantages below：
1. compared with tradition prepares large thick-wall ring by flat-die forging technique, the present invention is using the stirring of radially superimposed formula
Friction welding increases large thick-wall ring prepared by material forming technology, due to workpiece weld seam 2-1 surrounding metals to be welded and welding wire 4
Under stirring, squeezing action in stirring-head, constantly there is plastic deformation and be filled into the cavity formed after mixing needle movement, and
Gradually cooled and solidified forms weld seam 2-1, and the weld seam 2-1 of formation is not in overlap and pit, and weld seam 2-1 appearance uniforms are smooth,
Zero defect, the mechanical property of welding point is better than melting welding.And agitating friction welding increasing material forming process is simple to operate, before weldering only
Organic solvent need to be used to remove composition surface grease, go the oxide film dissolving, postwelding need not to remove reinforcement without bevel, improve material profit
With rate and production efficiency, energy resource consumption is reduced.
2. during agitating friction welding increases material forming process, the first vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2 are along weld seam 2-
1 travel forward stirring welding one week after, the first vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2 are from the weld seam 2-1 of workpiece to be welded
During slow extraction, feed appliance 3 continues to welding wire 4 is conveyed in keyhole, until the welding wire 4 for continuing to convey occurs
Untill keyhole being filled up after plasticizing, therefore, the weld seam 2-1 tail ends for being formed will not form keyhole defect.
3. using ultrasonic wave excitation device 6 respectively inside and outside workpiece composition surface to be welded to the metal of plasticizing in welding process
Micro- forging treatment is carried out, the fibr tissue being mingled with when rolling/extrude with shape of broken material internal is forged, makes tissue more tiny
And be evenly distributed, reduce so that avoid the formation of the commissure heat engine zone of influence and heat affected area as far as possible, so that forming weldering
The metal structure form for stitching 2-1 reaches the approximate degree for forming nugget completely, it is to avoid the defects such as coarse grains and crackle, institute occur
Welding point of the mechanical property of the welding point of acquisition better than existing agitating friction weldering.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of forming technology of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is forming technology operation principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing at A in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the structure chart of vertical mixing of the present invention first 1 and 2, and figure (a) is front view, and figure (b) is left view.
Fig. 5 is 1/2nd profiles of the heavy wall ring that the present invention is shaped.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Reference picture 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of large thick-wall ring increase material forming technology, including
Following steps：
1) thin-walled ring monomer roll forming：Drawing requirement is processed according to production requirement and thin-walled ring monomer, is adopted
Carry out thin-walled ring base with footpath-axial direction hot rolling technique, by ready ingot by blanking, base, looping mill rolling, heat treatment and
The techniques such as machining prepare the thin-walled ring monomer required for agitating friction welding increases material shaping；
2) the radially superimposed formula Double shaft stirring friction welding of thin-walled ring monomer increases material shaping：First, by the first thin-walled ring
Monomer 1-1 and the second thin-walled ring monomer 1-2 using clamping in the form of coaxial radially superimposed docking on welding bench as treating
Welder's part；Then, welding wire 4 is preheated by laser heater 5, is sent the welding wire 4 after preheating with feed appliance 3
To at the weld seam 2-1 of workpiece to be welded；Then, first vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2 of rotation are penetrated respectively at a high speed
The both sides up and down of workpiece joint to be welded, the rotation in a counterclockwise direction of the first vertical mixing first 1, the second vertical mixing first 2 is with the inverse time
The rotation of pin direction, at the same the first vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2 along weld seam 2-1 around ring end face counterclockwise movement；
The tangential linear velocity of identical is toward persistently conveying welding wire 4, welding wire 4 at weld seam 2-1 when feed appliance 3 is with stirring-head rotation
Weld seam 2-1, the first vertical mixing first 1 and second are ceaselessly stirred into by the first vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2 simultaneously
The autorotation speed of vertical mixing first 2 is identical, due between the first vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2 and workpiece to be welded
Frictional heat, metal and welding wire 4 around workpiece joint to be welded be heated, so, autorotation speed size is necessary to ensure that
Workpiece weld seam 2-1 surrounding metals to be welded and welding wire 4 can be heated to mecystasis by the heat of generation, and need to control temperature
Less than the fusing point of metal, the stirring and squeezing action of the metal of plasticizing in the first vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2
Under, the cavity for constantly being formed after the movement of filling mixing needle, and gradually cooled and solidified forms weld seam 2-1；In addition, first vertical stirs
Mix first 1 and second vertical mixing it is first 2 stirring welding while, ultrasonic excitation device 6 is opened, to weld seam 2-1 at plasticizing metal enter
The micro- forging treatment of row, reduces the formation of the heat engine zone of influence and heat affected area at weld seam 2-1, makes metal structure form at weld seam 2-1 near
Seemingly nugget is formed completely；First vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2 travel forward along weld seam 2-1 and stir welding one week
Afterwards, the mixing speed of the first vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2 is constant, while the first vertical mixing first 1 and second is vertical
Formula stirring-head 2 is slowly extracted out from the weld seam 2-1 of workpiece to be welded, and feed appliance 3 continues to welding wire 4 is conveyed in keyhole, now,
Feed appliance 3 continues to convey the speed of welding wire 4 and the time needs and the first vertical mixing first 1 and the second vertical mixing first 2
Extract speed out and the time matches, untill filling up keyhole after the welding wire 4 for continuing to convey is plastified, prevent commissure
Residual withdrawing hole, it is ensured that welding joint structure is continuous at withdrawing and strong mechanical property, completes the first ring thin-walled ring list
The radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of body increases material forming process；
3) the radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of heavy wall ring increases material shaping：According to step 2) thin-walled ring monomer radially
The welding of stacked agitating friction increases material forming technology, with Axial and radial by ring superposition welding thin-walled ring monomer, completes the second ring, the
Three rings, the welding of the n-th ring thin-walled ring monomer radially superimposed formula agitating friction increase material shaping, until final weldering
The workpiece for being connected into shape meets product requirement, then complete the radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of large thick-wall ring and increase material shaping.
Ultrasonic wave excitation device 6 respectively inside and outside workpiece composition surface to be welded in welding process plastify metal carry out it is micro-
Forging is processed, and forges the fibr tissue being mingled with when rolling/extrude with shape of broken material internal, is made tissue more tiny and is distributed
Uniformly, reduce so that avoid the formation of the commissure heat engine zone of influence and heat affected area as far as possible, so that formed weld seam 2-1
Metal structure form reaches the approximate degree for forming nugget completely, it is to avoid the defects such as coarse grains and crackle occur, improves welding
The mechanical property of joint.
Reference picture 4, the structure of described the first vertical mixing first 1 first with the second vertical mixing 2 is identical, including shaft shoulder A1 and
Mixing needle B1, shaft shoulder A1 is plane.The particular type of the shaft shoulder of stirring-head, it is possible to achieve agitating friction welding increases material process
Composition surface of the middle shaft shoulder all the time with workpiece to be welded is tangent, so as to ensure that weld seam wire rod 4 is constantly filled out under agitating friction welding effect
It is charged in weld seam 2-1, prevents occurring pit in welding process at weld seam 2-1, the welding quality of weld seam 2-1 is improved, so as to realize
Agitating friction welding increases material shaping.
Reference picture 5, the two of the large thick-wall ring that material forming technology is processed is increased using the welding of radially superimposed formula agitating friction
/ mono- profile, as a example by radially superimposed four layers, wherein the internal diameter of large thick-wall ring is R1, and external diameter is R2, four layers of thin-walled
Ring monomer is respectively the first thin-walled ring monomer 1-1, the second thin-walled ring monomer 1-2, the 3rd thin-walled ring monomer 1-3 and
Four thin-walled ring monomer 1-4, agitating friction welding increases material shaping and obtains three weld seams, respectively weld seam 2-1, weld seam 2-2 and weldering
Seam 2-3.
Claims (4)
1. the radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of large thick-wall ring increases material forming technology, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) thin-walled ring monomer roll forming：Thin-walled ring base is carried out using footpath-axial direction hot rolling technique, by ready metal
Ingot prepares agitating friction and welds the thin-walled increased required for material shapes by blanking, base, looping mill rolling, heat treatment and process for machining
Ring monomer；
2) the radially superimposed formula Double shaft stirring friction welding of thin-walled ring monomer increases material shaping：First, by the first thin-walled ring monomer
(1-1) and the second thin-walled ring monomer (1-2) using clamping in the form of coaxial radially superimposed docking on welding bench as treating
Welder's part；Then, welding wire (4) is preheated by laser heater (5), with feed appliance (3) by the welding after preheating
Wire rod (4) is sent to weld seam (2-1) place of workpiece to be welded；Then, the first vertical mixing head (1) of rotation and second vertical is stirred at a high speed
Mix the both sides up and down that head (2) penetrates workpiece joint to be welded respectively, first vertical mixing head (1) rotation in a counterclockwise direction, second
Vertical mixing head (2) rotation in a counterclockwise direction, while the first vertical mixing head (1) and the second vertical mixing head (2) are along weld seam
(2-1) is around ring end face counterclockwise movement；The tangential linear velocity of identical is toward weld seam (2- when feed appliance (3) is with stirring-head rotation
1) place persistently conveys welding wire (4), welding wire (4) while by the first vertical mixing head (1) and the second vertical mixing head (2)
Weld seam (2-1) is ceaselessly stirred into, the first vertical mixing head (1) is identical with the autorotation speed of the second vertical mixing head (2), from rotating speed
Rate size needs to make workpiece weld seam (2-1) surrounding metal to be welded and welding wire (4) to be heated to mecystasis, and control temperature
Degree less than metal fusing point, the stirring and extruding of the metal of plasticizing in the first vertical mixing head (1) and the second vertical mixing head (2)
Under effect, the cavity for constantly being formed after the movement of filling mixing needle, and gradually cooled and solidified forms weld seam (2-1)；In addition, first
While vertical mixing head (1) and the stirring welding of the second vertical mixing head (2), ultrasonic excitation device (6) is opened, to weld seam (2-1)
The metal for locating plasticizing carries out micro- forging treatment, weld seam (2-1) place metal structure form is approximately formed nugget completely；First vertical stirs
Mix head (1) and the second vertical mixing head (2) along weld seam (2-1) travel forward stirring welding one week after, the first vertical mixing head (1)
Mixing speed with the second vertical mixing head (2) is constant, at the same the first vertical mixing head (1) and the second vertical mixing head (2) from
Slowly extracted out in the weld seam (2-1) of workpiece to be welded, feed appliance (3) continues to conveying welding wire (4) in keyhole, now, feeding
Device (3) continues to convey the speed of welding wire (4) and time needs and the first vertical mixing head (1) and the second vertical mixing head
(2) extraction speed and time matches, complete untill filling up keyhole after the welding wire (4) for continuing to convey is plastified
Increase material forming process into the radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of the first ring thin-walled ring monomer；
3) the radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of heavy wall ring increases material shaping：According to step 2) thin-walled ring monomer it is radially superimposed
The welding of formula agitating friction increases material forming technology, with Axial and radial by ring superposition welding thin-walled ring monomer, completes the second ring, the 3rd
Ring ..., the welding of the n-th ring thin-walled ring monomer radially superimposed formula agitating friction increase material shaping, the work until being eventually welded into shape
Part meets product requirement, then complete the radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of large thick-wall ring and increase material shaping.
2. the radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of large thick-wall ring according to claim 1 increases material forming technology, and it is special
Levy and be：The first described vertical mixing head (1) is identical with the structure of the second vertical mixing head (2), including the shaft shoulder (A1) and stirs
Pin (B1) is mixed, the shaft shoulder (A1) is plane.
3. the radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of large thick-wall ring according to claim 1 increases material forming technology, and it is special
Levy and be：Described welding wire (4) is identical with the material properties of workpiece to be welded.
4. the radially superimposed formula agitating friction welding of large thick-wall ring according to claim 1 increases material forming technology, and it is special
Levy and be：Preheating of the described laser heater (5) for welding wire (4), it is ensured that welding wire (4) in welding process with
The metal at workpiece weld seam (2-1) place to be welded reaches plastifying state simultaneously.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710179493.3A CN106925883B (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2017-03-23 | The radially superimposed formula Friction Stir Welding of large thick-wall ring increases material forming technology |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710179493.3A CN106925883B (en) | 2017-03-23 | 2017-03-23 | The radially superimposed formula Friction Stir Welding of large thick-wall ring increases material forming technology |
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| CN106925883A true CN106925883A (en) | 2017-07-07 |
| CN106925883B CN106925883B (en) | 2018-11-23 |
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| CN107214410A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-09-29 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of rotary large thin-wall ring increasing material manufacturing device |
| CN107584122A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-16 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of method and apparatus that micro- compound increasing material manufacturing of molten drop is connected based on agitating friction |
| CN108971743A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2018-12-11 | 江苏科技大学 | A kind of long adaptive friction stir welding method of mixing needle needle that eliminating keyhole |
| CN109807563A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-05-28 | 东北大学 | A kind of silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of made of Al-Cu alloy |
| CN109807564A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-05-28 | 东北大学 | A kind of silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy |
| CN110587166A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-20 | 浙江海洋大学 | Ultrasonic consolidation-stirring friction composite additive manufacturing device and using method |
| CN112621221A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-09 | 北京工业大学 | Friction material increasing and decreasing integrated equipment and machining method |
| CN114367732A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-19 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Stirring friction additive manufacturing system and method |
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| CN110587166B (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2021-03-16 | 浙江海洋大学 | Ultrasonic consolidation-stirring friction composite additive manufacturing device and using method |
| CN112621221A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-09 | 北京工业大学 | Friction material increasing and decreasing integrated equipment and machining method |
| CN114367732A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-19 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Stirring friction additive manufacturing system and method |
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