CN109222192A

CN109222192A - It is a kind of to alleviate flue-cured tobacco management and the baking method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette based on salicylic acid application

Info

Publication number: CN109222192A
Application number: CN201811047718.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹聪明; 蔺忠龙; 黄维; 蔡永豪; 陈洁; 陈颐; 赵高坤; 李天福; 胡小东; 苏家恩; 徐鸿飞; 李宝乐; 王津军; 杨玉坤; 任可; 李军营; 李文标
Original assignee: Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Yunnan Academy of Tobacco Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2018-09-10
Filing date: 2018-09-10
Publication date: 2019-01-18
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-10
Also published as: CN109222192B

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of flue-cured tobacco management and baking methods that cigarette is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature based on salicylic acid application alleviation, 1) the flue-cured tobacco management method is the following steps are included: damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette prevention: according to weather condition, spraying salicylic acid solution to the cigarette strain not yet damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature and carry out damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette prevention；2) it damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette level identification and once sprays: level identification being carried out to the cigarette strain for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette, cigarette degree of disease will be damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature and be divided into three-level；And it is once sprayed according to cigarette grade is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature；3) damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade to identify and secondary spray again: first carrying out damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette level identification again to 10 ~ 20 days after once spraying cigarette strains, and according to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade carry out it is secondary spray, cigarette grade to be damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature is no more than 1 grade.The present invention damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette identification according to different aggrieved grades, the salicylic acid solution of suitable concentration is sprayed to alleviate extent of injury, is solved the problems, such as because field is because of ambient air temperature rapid drawdown, the generation that temperature is too low, soil moisture is excessively high, cigarette is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature in field caused by the excessively low factor of the soil moisture.

Description

It is a kind of to alleviate flue-cured tobacco management and the baking method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette based on salicylic acid application

Technical field

The invention belongs to tobacco cultivation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of to alleviate the flue-cured tobacco for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette based on salicylic acid application Management and baking method.

Background technique

China is global leaf tobacco production big country, provides raw material abundant for world's cured tobacco production.So far, China is roasting Cigarette cultivated area has had reached 14,820,000 mu, accounts for about 20% or more of world's total amount, and flue-cured tobacco is even more the important warp in some provinces in China Ji source, while huge contribution is made for China's tax revenue.According to the latest news, China's tobacco tax revenue in 2017 accounts for national profits tax 7% or so, the amount of money is up to 11145.1 hundred million yuan.

In practical cured tobacco production plantation, since temperature is too low and the influence of soil moisture content and weather conditions composite factor Frequently resulting in the flue-cured tobacco grown in field later period damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature the appearance that cigarette " damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette in field ", reduces yield of tobacco and reduces fresh tobacco leaf Quality, to directly affect the income and state revenue and expenditure tax revenue of tobacco grower.

Chilling injury is a kind of noninfectious disease on tobacco leaf production.In seedling stage, transplanting early stage and grown in field later period There is the generation for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature phenomenon.(tobacco harvesting is to be still in rainy season in or so September mostly, but temperature for Southwest tobacco-growing areas Decline more.Present invention is generally directed to the generations that the grown in field later period causes to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette since temperature is too low, cause tobacco leaf There is spot, here even cigarette strain presentation is withered rots, so that yield of tobacco be made to decline, quality is reduced.

Salicylic acid (Salicylic acid, abbreviation SA) is a kind of fat-soluble organic acid.Salicylic acid is general in plant All over existing endogenous signal molecule, there is important physiological function, play an important role in terms of the physiology of plant.Research Show salicylic acid the disease-resistant of plant, drought resisting, resist it is cold and in terms of, and seed is sprouted, fruit maturation and gardening produce Product are fresh-keeping equal with apparent effect.Salicylic acid is a kind of small molecule phenols substance generally existing in plant, and chemistry is entitled Septichen is widely present in higher plant.It, can be with since SA is synthesis in plant, the very low organic matter of content In phloem transport, and play unique effect, it is possible to which salicylic acid is regarded as a kind of new plant endogenous hormones.

Currently, it is concentrated mainly on the early harvesting of early transplanting about the prevention and treatment that cigarette is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature in grown in field later period field, it is not only bad Time and work are arranged, and remission effect is not significant.For this purpose, the method that flue-cured tobacco field is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature can be alleviated by researching and developing one kind, subtract It is the key that solve the above problems that few low ambient temperature, which causes to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature,.

Summary of the invention

Aiming at the problem that damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette in field tobacco production process, the first object of the present invention is to provide a kind of base Alleviate in salicylic acid application and damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature the flue-cured tobacco management method of cigarette, second be designed to provide it is a kind of alleviated based on salicylic acid application it is cold The baking of flue-cured tobacco method of evil cigarette.

The first object of the present invention be achieved in that the following steps are included:

1) damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette prevention: according to weather condition, to the cigarette strain not yet damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature spray salicylic acid solution carry out damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette it is pre- It is anti-；

2) it damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette level identification and secondary sprays: level identification being carried out to the cigarette strain damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, and according to practical tobacco leaf Victimization state will damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette, and to be divided into three-level as follows: 0 grade: whole leaf is disease-free；1 grade: there is puce spot, spot in upper blade blade tip Account for tobacco leaf area < 35%；2 grades: cigarette strain upper position shows puce spot, and spot accounts for tobacco leaf area>=35% and<70%；3 grades It is that each position of cigarette strain large area puce spot all occurs, spot accounts for tobacco leaf area >=70% and rots；

It is 1 grade when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 8-13mmolL^-1；

It is 2 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 13-17mmolL^-1；

It is 3 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 17-23mmolL^-1；

3) it damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade to identify and spray again again: 10 ~ 20 days after secondary spray cigarette strains being carried out again to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette Level identification,

It is 1 grade when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade；The amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 8-13 mmolL^-1；

It is 2 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade；The amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 17-23mmolL^-1；

Cigarette grade to be damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature is no more than 1 grade.

The second object of the present invention is achieved in that the kind of the flue-cured tobacco is K326, and position is middle and upper part tobacco leaf, The bulk curing barn (if air-flow ascending manner, high/low temperature layer swaps round) of airflow descending type compression, the baking process is mainly fixation Gradually steady temperature drop is wet before, and specific baking operation is as follows:

A, yellowing stage: being 35 ~ 38 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature is 35 ~ 36 DEG C, if moisture content in leaves is too It is more, 1 ~ 2 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature can be gradually reduced.When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 5 ~ 6 one-tenth, and blade main reinforcement half softens, with 1 DEG C/1 ~ Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 42 ~ 43 DEG C by 35 ~ 38 DEG C, makes wet-bulb temperature by 35 by the heating rate of 2h, baking time 36-44h ~ 36 DEG C rise to 36 ~ 37 DEG C, rise to 43 DEG C to dry-bulb temperature and rise, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, makes in barn wind between tobacco leaf Speed should reach 0.3 ~ 0.4m/s in high wind speed layer, should reach 0.25 ~ 0.35m/s in middle wind speed layer, should reach 0.2 in low wind speed layer ~ 0.3m/s, baking time 18-24h,；

B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow at 36 ~ 37 DEG C Yellow to full furnace, while accelerating hydrofuge, when two tobacco leaf flavescence offshoots bleach to 5 one-tenth, the flavescence offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated, Baking time is 20-24h, while then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/1 ~ 2h, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 ~ 48 DEG C by 45 DEG C, Wet-bulb temperature is remained unchanged, extends baking time until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll, completes fixation, baking time 18- 20h,；

C, the dry muscle stage: using in the conventional method for flue-curing tobacco leaves dry muscle stage dry, wet-bulb temperature and wet-emitting blower wind speed bake to Until the master pulse of full barn tobacco leaf is dry, which is 34-40h.

For the second object of the present invention it is also possible that realize, the kind of the flue-cured tobacco is Hongda tobacco, during position is Upper tobacco leaf, the bulk curing barn (if air-flow ascending manner, high/low temperature layer swaps round) of airflow descending type compression, the baking process master Will be for gradually steady temperature drop to be wet before fixation, specific baking operation is as follows:

A, yellowing stage: being 35 ~ 38 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature is 35 ~ 36.5 DEG C, if moisture content in leaves Too much, 1 ~ 2 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature can be gradually reduced.When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 5 ~ 6 one-tenth, and blade main reinforcement half softens, with 1 DEG C/1 Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 42 ~ 43 DEG C by 35 ~ 38 DEG C by the heating rate of ~ 2h, baking time 46-54h, make wet-bulb temperature by 35 ~ 36 DEG C rise to 36 ~ 37 DEG C, rise to 43 DEG C to dry-bulb temperature and rise, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, is made in barn between tobacco leaf Wind speed should reach 0.3 ~ 0.4m/s in high wind speed layer, should reach 0.25 ~ 0.35m/s in middle wind speed layer, should reach in low wind speed layer 0.2 ~ 0.3m/s, baking time 28-34h,；

B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow at 36 ~ 37 DEG C It is yellow to full furnace, while accelerating hydrofuge, when two tobacco leaf offshoots bleach to 6-7 at when, the offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated, when baking Between dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 ~ 48 DEG C by 45 DEG C, protects wet-bulb temperature then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h for 25-30h It holds constant, extends baking time until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll, complete fixation, baking time 23-25h；

Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:

1, the method for the present invention sprays salicylic acid solution before there's a sudden fall in temperature, to reach pre- according to local temperature change situation in advance Anti- effect makes preparation before damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette and not yet occurring, and greatly reduces the injury that there's a sudden fall in temperature to normal cigarette strain.

2, the method for the present invention alleviates degree by damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature the determination, salicylic acid application, damage symptoms of degree to aggrieved cigarette strain The methods of evaluation, effectively prevention with alleviate the generation that cigarette is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature in field, solve because field is because temperature is too low, moisture is excessively high Etc. field caused by factors the problem of damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature the generation of cigarette.Method of the invention can effectively promote yield of tobacco, field cigarette Leaf health degree, cured tobacco leaf grade damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette for prevention and treatment field and provide theory and technology support.

3, easily operated.The present invention has the advantages that easy to operate for field tobacco leaf injury from low temperature.It only need to be by salicylic acid The aqueous solution for being made into respective concentration carries out field blade spraying.And the present invention is molten using tx-10 auxiliary agent preparation salicylic acid Liquid is uniformly mixed and is sprayed, and cigarette strain is promoted to absorb, and auxiliary agent also goes the effect destaticed in addition to emulsification.

4, low in cost, the salicylic acid that the present invention is told is cheap, relative to other methods, has low investment high yield The advantages of.

5, technical costs is lower.Salicylic acid is sprayed for the methods of other physics, chemistry, technology and operation are more Simply, there is stronger applicability, the popularization suitable for large area.

6, remission effect is significant.The method of the present invention, the leaf of cigarette are used in the cigarette strain that grown in field deuterogenesis damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette Piece and its alleviation situation are significantly improved.After the processing of comparison in 7 days, the flue-cured tobacco that cigarette is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature in salicylic field is not sprayed Piece since blade tip, just be in water stain shape, after become brown, seriously affect quality of tobacco；And it sprays salicylic processing and damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature leaf Piece victimization state is significantly controlled, and is shown victimization state and is eased and is gradually restored to normal condition.And salicylic acid It is not only naturally occurring but also cheap as a kind of osmotic adjustment, a certain concentration is sprayed on aggrieved plant leaf Aqueous solution of salicylic acid, can quickly be absorbed by blade, rapid recovery inhibits field to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature the further sprawling of the cigarette state of an illness.

Specific embodiment

Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but the present invention is limited in any way, Based on present invention teach that it is made it is any transform or replace, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

It is of the present invention to alleviate the flue-cured tobacco management method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette based on salicylic acid application, comprising the following steps:

Further, the cigarette that damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature prevents specifically: according to Local Weather Report, mercury dropped amplitude is divided into three A grade is as follows:

1 grade: mercury dropped 6-8 degree/evening；

2 grades: mercury dropped 8-10 degree/evening；

3 grades: mercury dropped 10-12 degree/evening；

When mercury dropped grade is 1 grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 8-13mmolL^-1；

When mercury dropped grade is 2 grades, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 13-17mmolL^-1；

When mercury dropped grade is 3 grades, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 17-23mmolL^-1。

Further, the salicylic acid solution is salicylic aqueous solution.

Further, the preparation method of the salicylic acid solution be in the tx-10 auxiliary agent that concentration is 60 ~ 100mg/L, The salicylic acid solution that salicylic acid is configured to respective concentration is added, is uniformly mixed, it is spare.

Further, the method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette level identification is " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/ T2322-2008 the investigation method in).

Further, the spraying method of the salicylic acid solution is when every morning 8 or when afternoon 18 to difference The aggrieved cigarette strain face of blade of grade carries out corresponding concentration and sprays, and uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, and continuous spraying 1 week.

Of the present invention to alleviate the baking of flue-cured tobacco method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette based on salicylic acid application, the kind of the flue-cured tobacco is K326, position are middle and upper part tobacco leaf, the bulk curing barn (if air-flow ascending manner, high/low temperature layer swaps round) of airflow descending type compression, institute The baking process stated is mainly that gradually steady temperature drop is wet before for fixation, and concrete operations are as follows:

A, yellowing stage: being 35 ~ 38 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature is 35 ~ 36 DEG C, if moisture content in leaves is too It is more, 1 ~ 2 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature can be gradually reduced；When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 5 ~ 6 one-tenth, and blade main reinforcement half softens, with 1 DEG C/1 ~ Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 42 ~ 43 DEG C by 35 ~ 38 DEG C, makes wet-bulb temperature by 35 by the heating rate of 2h, baking time 36-44h ~ 36 DEG C rise to 36 ~ 37 DEG C, rise to 43 DEG C to dry-bulb temperature and rise, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, makes in barn wind between tobacco leaf Speed should reach 0.3 ~ 0.4m/s in high wind speed layer, should reach 0.25 ~ 0.35m/s in middle wind speed layer, should reach 0.2 in low wind speed layer ~ 0.3m/s, baking time 18-24h,；

Of the present invention to alleviate the baking of flue-cured tobacco method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette based on salicylic acid application, the kind of the flue-cured tobacco is Hongda tobacco, position are middle and upper part tobacco leaf, and (if air-flow ascending manner, high/low temperature layer exchanges one to the bulk curing barn of airflow descending type compression Under), the baking process is mainly that gradually steady temperature drop is wet before for fixation, and concrete operations are as follows:

A, yellowing stage: being 35 ~ 38 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature is 35 ~ 36.5 DEG C, if moisture content in leaves Too much, 1 ~ 2 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature can be gradually reduced；When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 5 ~ 6 one-tenth, and blade main reinforcement half softens, with 1 DEG C/1 Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 42 ~ 43 DEG C by 35 ~ 38 DEG C by the heating rate of ~ 2h, baking time 46-54h, make wet-bulb temperature by 35 ~ 36 DEG C rise to 36 ~ 37 DEG C, rise to 43 DEG C to dry-bulb temperature and rise, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, is made in barn between tobacco leaf Wind speed should reach 0.3 ~ 0.4m/s in high wind speed layer, should reach 0.25 ~ 0.35m/s in middle wind speed layer, should reach in low wind speed layer 0.2 ~ 0.3m/s, baking time 28-34h,；

Embodiment 1

It is a kind of to alleviate the flue-cured tobacco management method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette based on salicylic acid application, comprising the following steps:

1) damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette prevention: according to weather condition, to the cigarette strain not yet damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature spray salicylic acid solution carry out damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette it is pre- It is anti-；Specially according to Local Weather Report, it is as follows that mercury dropped amplitude is divided into three grades:

1 grade: 6 degree of mercury dropped/evening；

2 grades: mercury dropped 8- degree/evening；

3 grades: 10 degree of mercury dropped/evening；

When mercury dropped grade is 1 grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 8mmolL^-1；

When mercury dropped grade is 2 grades, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 13mmolL^-1；

When mercury dropped grade is 3 grades, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 17mmolL^-1；

It is 1 grade when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 8mmolL^-1；

It is 2 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 13mmolL^-1；

It is 3 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 17mmolL^-1；

3) it damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade to identify and spray again again: 10 days after secondary spray cigarette strains being carried out again to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade Identification,

It is 1 grade when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade；The amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 8 mmolL^-1；

It is 2 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade；The amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 17mmolL^-1；

The salicylic acid solution is salicylic aqueous solution.The preparation method of the salicylic acid solution is in concentration It is uniformly mixed for the salicylic acid solution that salicylic acid is configured to respective concentration in the tx-10 auxiliary agent of 60mg/L, is added, it is spare.It is described The method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette level identification be investigation method in " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/T2322-2008). The spraying method of the salicylic acid solution is to correspond to when every morning 8 to different grades of aggrieved cigarette strain face of blade Concentration sprays, and uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, and continuous spraying 1 week.

Embodiment 2

1 grade: 8 degree of mercury dropped/evening；

2 grades: 10 degree of mercury dropped/evening；

3 grades: 12 degree of mercury dropped/evening；

When mercury dropped grade is 1 grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 13mmolL^-1；

When mercury dropped grade is 2 grades, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 17mmolL^-1；

When mercury dropped grade is 3 grades, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 23mmolL^-1；

It is 1 grade when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 13mmolL^-1；

It is 2 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 17mmolL^-1；

It is 3 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 23mmolL^-1；

It is 1 grade when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade；The amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 13 mmolL^-1；

It is 2 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade；The amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 23mmolL^-1；

The salicylic acid solution is salicylic aqueous solution.The preparation method of the salicylic acid solution is in concentration It is uniformly mixed for the salicylic acid solution that salicylic acid is configured to respective concentration in the tx-10 auxiliary agent of 100mg/L, is added, it is spare.Institute The method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette level identification stated is the investigation side in " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/T2322-2008) Method.The spraying method of the salicylic acid solution is to carry out when every afternoon 18 to different grades of aggrieved cigarette strain face of blade Corresponding concentration sprays, and uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, and continuous spraying 1 week.

Embodiment 3

1 grade: 7 degree of mercury dropped/evening；

2 grades: 9 degree of mercury dropped/evening；

3 grades: 11 degree of mercury dropped/evening；

When mercury dropped grade is 1 grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 10mmolL^-1；

When mercury dropped grade is 2 grades, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 15mmolL^-1；

When mercury dropped grade is 3 grades, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 20mmolL^-1；

It is 1 grade when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 10mmolL^-1；

It is 2 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 15mmolL^-1；

It is 3 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 20mmolL^-1；

3) it damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade to identify and spray again again: 15 days after secondary spray cigarette strains being carried out again to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade Identification,

It is 1 grade when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade；The amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 10 mmolL^-1；

It is 2 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade；The amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 20mmolL^-1；

The salicylic acid solution is salicylic aqueous solution.The preparation method of the salicylic acid solution is in concentration It is uniformly mixed for the salicylic acid solution that salicylic acid is configured to respective concentration in the tx-10 auxiliary agent of 80mg/L, is added, it is spare.It is described The method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette level identification be investigation method in " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/T2322-2008). The spraying method of the salicylic acid solution is to correspond to when every morning 8 to different grades of aggrieved cigarette strain face of blade Concentration sprays, and uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, and continuous spraying 1 week.

It is a kind of to alleviate the baking of flue-cured tobacco method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette, the kind of the flue-cured tobacco based on salicylic acid application as described above For K326, position is middle and upper part tobacco leaf, the bulk curing barn of airflow descending type compression, the baking process be mainly fixation before gradually Steady temperature drop is wet, and concrete operations are as follows:

A, yellowing stage: being 35 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 35 DEG C, can if moisture content in leaves is too many To gradually reduce 1 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature；When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 5 at when blade main reinforcement half softens, with the heating speed of 1 DEG C/1h Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 42 DEG C by 35 DEG C, wet-bulb temperature is made to rise to 36 DEG C by 35 DEG C by degree, baking time 36h, to dry Ball temperature rises to 43 DEG C and rises, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, makes in barn wind speed among tobacco leaves that should reach 0.3m/ in high wind speed layer S, should reach 0.25m/s in middle wind speed layer, should reach 0.2m/s, baking time 18h in low wind speed layer,；

B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow to complete at 36 DEG C Furnace is yellow, while accelerating hydrofuge, and when two tobacco leaf flavescence offshoots bleach to 5 one-tenth, the flavescence offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated, and toasts Time is 20h, while then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/1h, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 DEG C by 45 DEG C, protects wet-bulb temperature It holds constant, extends baking time until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll, complete fixation, baking time 18h；

C, the dry muscle stage: using in the conventional method for flue-curing tobacco leaves dry muscle stage dry, wet-bulb temperature and wet-emitting blower wind speed bake to Until the master pulse of full barn tobacco leaf is dry, which is 34h.

Embodiment 4

1 grade: mercury dropped 6-8 degree/evening；

2 grades: mercury dropped 8-10 degree/evening；

3 grades: mercury dropped 10-12 degree/evening；

When mercury dropped grade is 1 grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 9mmolL^-1；

When mercury dropped grade is 2 grades, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 14mmolL^-1；

When mercury dropped grade is 3 grades, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 18mmolL^-1；

It is 1 grade when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 12mmolL^-1；

It is 2 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 16mmolL^-1；

It is 3 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 22mmolL^-1；

3) it damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade to identify and spray again again: 12 days after secondary spray cigarette strains being carried out again to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade Identification,

It is 1 grade when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade；The amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 9mmolL^-1；

It is 2 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade；The amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 18mmolL^-1；

The salicylic acid solution is salicylic aqueous solution.The preparation method of the salicylic acid solution is in concentration It is uniformly mixed for the salicylic acid solution that salicylic acid is configured to respective concentration in the tx-10 auxiliary agent of 70mg/L, is added, it is spare.It is described The method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette level identification be investigation method in " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/T2322-2008). The spraying method of the salicylic acid solution is to carry out pair when every afternoon 18 to different grades of aggrieved cigarette strain face of blade Concentration is answered to spray, uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, and continuous spraying 1 week.

It is a kind of to alleviate the baking of flue-cured tobacco method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette, the kind of the flue-cured tobacco based on salicylic acid application as described above For Hongda tobacco, position is middle and upper part tobacco leaf, the bulk curing barn of airflow descending type compression, the baking process be mainly fixation it Preceding gradually steady temperature drop is wet, and concrete operations are as follows:

A, yellowing stage: being 35 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 35 DEG C, can if moisture content in leaves is too many To gradually reduce 1 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature；When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 5 at when blade main reinforcement half softens, with the heating speed of 1 DEG C/1h Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 42 DEG C by 35 DEG C, wet-bulb temperature is made to rise to 36 DEG C by 35 DEG C by degree, baking time 46h, to dry Ball temperature rises to 43 DEG C and rises, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, makes in barn wind speed among tobacco leaves that should reach 0.3m/ in high wind speed layer S, should reach 0.25m/s in middle wind speed layer, should reach 0.2m/s, baking time 28h in low wind speed layer,；

B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow to complete at 36 DEG C Furnace is yellow, while accelerating hydrofuge, and when two tobacco leaf offshoots bleach to 6 one-tenth, the offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated, and baking time is Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 DEG C by 45 DEG C, remains unchanged wet-bulb temperature by 25h then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h, is extended Baking time completes fixation, baking time 23h until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll；

Embodiment 5

1 grade: mercury dropped 6-8 degree/evening；

2 grades: mercury dropped 8-10 degree/evening；

3 grades: mercury dropped 10-12 degree/evening；

When mercury dropped grade is 1 grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 12mmolL^-1；

When mercury dropped grade is 2 grades, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 16mmolL^-1；

When mercury dropped grade is 3 grades, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 22mmolL^-1；

It is 1 grade when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 9mmolL^-1；

It is 2 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 14mmolL^-1；

It is 3 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 18mmolL^-1；

3) it damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade to identify and spray again again: 18 days after secondary spray cigarette strains being carried out again to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade Identification,

It is 1 grade when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade；The amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 12 mmolL^-1；

It is 2 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade；The amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 22mmolL^-1；

The salicylic acid solution is salicylic aqueous solution.The preparation method of the salicylic acid solution is in concentration It is uniformly mixed for the salicylic acid solution that salicylic acid is configured to respective concentration in the tx-10 auxiliary agent of 90mg/L, is added, it is spare.It is described The method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette level identification be investigation method in " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/T2322-2008). The spraying method of the salicylic acid solution is to carry out pair when every afternoon 18 to different grades of aggrieved cigarette strain face of blade Concentration is answered to spray, uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, and continuous spraying 1 week.

It is a kind of to alleviate the baking of flue-cured tobacco method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette, the kind of the flue-cured tobacco based on salicylic acid application as described above For K326, position is middle and upper part tobacco leaf, the bulk curing barn (if air-flow ascending manner, high/low temperature layer swaps round) of airflow descending type compression, The baking process is mainly that gradually steady temperature drop is wet before for fixation, and concrete operations are as follows:

A, yellowing stage: being 38 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 36 DEG C, can if moisture content in leaves is too many To gradually reduce 2 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature；When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 6 at when blade main reinforcement half softens, with the heating speed of 1 DEG C/2h Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 43 DEG C by 38 DEG C, so that wet-bulb temperature is risen to 37 DEG C by 36 DEG C, to dry bulb by degree, baking time 44h Temperature rises to 43 DEG C and rises, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, makes in barn wind speed among tobacco leaves that should reach 0.4m/s in high wind speed layer, 0.35m/s should be reached in middle wind speed layer, 0.3m/s should be reached in low wind speed layer, baking time is for 24 hours；

B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow to complete at 37 DEG C Furnace is yellow, while accelerating hydrofuge, and when two tobacco leaf flavescence offshoots bleach to 5 one-tenth, the flavescence offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated, and toasts Time is for 24 hours, while then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h, dry-bulb temperature to be risen to 48 DEG C by 45 DEG C, protects wet-bulb temperature It holds constant, extends baking time until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll, complete fixation, baking time 20h,；

C, the dry muscle stage: using in the conventional method for flue-curing tobacco leaves dry muscle stage dry, wet-bulb temperature and wet-emitting blower wind speed bake to Until the master pulse of full barn tobacco leaf is dry, which is 40h.

Embodiment 6

1 grade: mercury dropped 6-8 degree/evening；

2 grades: mercury dropped 8-10 degree/evening；

3 grades: mercury dropped 10-12 degree/evening；

When mercury dropped grade is 1 grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 11mmolL^-1；

When mercury dropped grade is 3 grades, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 21mmolL^-1；

It is 3 grades when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade, the amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 19mmolL^-1；

It is 1 grade when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade；The amount of spraying of salicylic acid solution is 10mmolL^-1；

The salicylic acid solution is salicylic aqueous solution.The preparation method of the salicylic acid solution is in concentration It is uniformly mixed for the salicylic acid solution that salicylic acid is configured to respective concentration in the tx-10 auxiliary agent of 60mg/L, is added, it is spare.It is described The method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette level identification be investigation method in " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/T2322-2008). The spraying method of the salicylic acid solution is to carry out pair when every afternoon 18 to different grades of aggrieved cigarette strain face of blade Concentration is answered to spray, uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, and continuous spraying 1 week.

A, yellowing stage: being 38 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 36.5 DEG C, if moisture content in leaves is too many, 2 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature can be gradually reduced；When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 6 at when blade main reinforcement half softens, with the heating speed of 1 DEG C/2h Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 43 DEG C by 38 DEG C, so that wet-bulb temperature is risen to 37 DEG C by 36 DEG C, to dry bulb by degree, baking time 54h Temperature rises to 43 DEG C and rises, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, makes in barn wind speed among tobacco leaves that should reach 0.4m/s in high wind speed layer, 0.35m/s should be reached in middle wind speed layer, 0.3m/s, baking time 34h should be reached in low wind speed layer；

B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow to complete at 37 DEG C Furnace is yellow, while accelerating hydrofuge, and when two tobacco leaf offshoots bleach to 7 one-tenth, the offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated, and baking time is Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 48 DEG C by 45 DEG C, remains unchanged wet-bulb temperature by 30h then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h, is extended Baking time completes fixation, baking time 25h until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll；

Test example 1(various concentration preventive effect)

Experiment is in the county Yuxi Yan He (1 grade of mercury dropped grade) and Shilin county of Kunming (2 grades of mercury dropped grade), great Li Zhou Jianchuan County (3 grades of mercury dropped grade) carries out, flue-cured tobacco cultivars K326 simultaneously, and 0,5,10,20 and 25mmolL is arranged^-15 water Poplar acid concentration is sprayed in that afternoon 18:00.50 plants of disease-free cigarette strains of each processing, every plant of investigation (8-10 piece) leaf.It is secondary Day carries out tobacco leaf to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature level identification, and experimental result is as follows:

The different Determination of Salicylic Acid of table 1 damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature the preventive effect of cigarette to field

As the result is shown: with the raising of mercury dropped grade, there is serious damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature in the cigarette strain that next day does not spray salicylic acid solution Phenomenon, and the cigarette strain of salicylic acid solution has been sprayed in advance, damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade sharp fall.When mercury dropped grade is 1 grade, Spraying the salicylic acid solution of 10 mmol/L, that next day can be made to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade is minimum, increases or reduce Determination of Salicylic Acid, effect is all It cannot reach best；When mercury dropped grade is 2 grades, the salicylic acid solution for spraying 15 mmol/L can make next day damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette etc. Grade is minimum；When mercury dropped grade is 3 grades, spraying the salicylic acid solution of 20 mmol/L, that next day can be made to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette grade is minimum.

Conclusion: on the day before there's a sudden fall in temperature, the salicylic acid solution for spraying suitable concentration can effectively prevent since there's a sudden fall in temperature Damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature the generation of cigarette in caused field.When mercury dropped grade is 1,10mmolL is sprayed^-1Salicylic acid effect it is the brightest It is aobvious；When mercury dropped grade is 2,15mmolL is sprayed^-1Salicylic acid effect it is the most obvious；When mercury dropped grade is 3 When, spray 20mmolL^-1Salicylic acid effect it is the most obvious.

Test example 2(optimum concentration preventive effect)

Experiment the county Yuxi Yan He carry out, flue-cured tobacco cultivars K326, choose 1 grade, 2 grades, 3 grades of 3 mercury dropped grades just Normal cigarette strain sprays in the salicylic acid solution that afternoon 18:00 carries out optimum concentration respectively, does not spray salicylic acid solution cigarette strain As control, each 50 plants of processing, every plant of investigation (8-10 piece) leaf.Next day, respectively to grade, the ppo(polyphenol for choosing cigarette strain Oxidizing ferment) activity, average price identified (ppo activity: (min*mg)^-1, average price: member).Experimental result is as follows:

Table 2 sprays the pre- cold damage prevention cigarette effect of salicylic acid solution

As the result is shown: with the rising of mercury dropped grade, damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette and rise phenomenon is presented, ppo activity constantly decline, average price is same Downward trend is also presented in sample.Relative to the cigarette strain in contrast, having sprayed optimum salicylic acid solution, damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade and be substantially less than Control group, ppo activity are significantly higher than control group, and average price is significantly higher than control group.

Conclusion: salicylic acid can effectively prevent the generation that cigarette is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature in the field brought by there's a sudden fall in temperature, and cigarette etc. is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature in reduction Grade improves ppo activity and average price.

Test example 3

Experiment carries out in the county Yuxi Yan He, flue-cured tobacco cultivars K326, and 0,5,10,20 and 25mmolL is arranged^-15 salicylic acids Concentration.Choose 1 grade, 2 grades, the 3 grades 3 aggrieved cigarette strain for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade, each 50 plants of processing, every plant of investigation (8-10 piece) leaf. The alleviation symptom of cigarette is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature in observation after 7 days.

Both from Shanghai Cheng Shao Biotechnology Co., Ltd, chemical component is detected as the selected salicylic acid of experiment Salicylic acid C₇H₆O₃.When experiment, the salicylic acid of various concentration is sprayed in the cigarette strain of same aggrieved grade.Method particularly includes:

(1) 0,5,10,20 and 25mmolL is prepared^-15 Determination of Salicylic Acid are respectively placed in 5 3L Backpack type Insecticide sprayers.

(2) it to being sprayed in different grades of aggrieved cigarette strain when every afternoon 18 or so, is uniformly moistened with blade and is Preferably, continuous spraying 1 week.Simultaneously by 0mmolL^-1Processing as control.To the tobacco leaf of the aggrieved cigarette strain of different disposal after 2 weeks Re-start the identification for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade.Experimental result is shown in Table 3.

The different Determination of Salicylic Acid of table 3, which damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette to field, alleviates symptom

The result shows that: after 4 kinds of different Determination of Salicylic Acid processing, when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade is 1,10mmolL^-1Salicylic acid it is dense Degree can effectively alleviate the sprawling that cigarette symptom is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature in field, when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade is 2,20mmolL^-1Determination of Salicylic Acid energy Enough effective sprawlings alleviated field and damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette symptom, and there is no significantly changing as symptom is alleviated in the increase of Determination of Salicylic Acid It is kind.When damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade is 3,20mmolL^-1Determination of Salicylic Acid can effectively alleviate the grade field and damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette symptom, The increase of Determination of Salicylic Acid, does not also make to damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature symptom and is further improved.

Conclusion: from the point of view of experimental result, the salicylic acid solution that various concentration is sprayed in different aggrieved cigarette strains can The effective sprawling alleviated field and damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette symptom.The disease resistance of plant is improved, wherein spraying when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade is 1 10mmol·L^-1Salicylic acid effect it is the most obvious；When damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade is 2,20mmolL is sprayed^-1Salicylic acid effect most It is obvious；When damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade is 3,20mmolL is sprayed^-1Salicylic acid effect it is the most obvious.

Test example 4(conductivity)

Relative conductivity can be very good reaction plant membrane system mode and be under low temperature stress state when plant, active oxygen, oneself It can be obviously increased by base generation, and clearing amount declines, and causes free radical largely to accumulate, membrane permeability is caused to increase, electrolyte penetration, from And increase conductivity.Therefore our flue-cured tobaccos are by examining by the healthy shape for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature rear cigarette strain the measurement of relative conductivity Condition.

On the basis of example 3, blade grade is subjected to Authenticate afresh, same position then is chosen to each processing cigarette strain Fresh tobacco leaves, the young leaflet tablet of selection and mature leaf are cut, packed with hermetic bag, is placed in ice chest, quickly Take back laboratory.Fresh leaf sample is first gently rinsed into blade with tap water, removes surface contamination object, then rinsed with deionized water 2 ~ 3 times, blade surface moisture is gently blotted with filter paper, claim 0.25 g and is cut into filament, is put into 50 mL test tube with ground stoppers, is added 20 mL deionized waters submerge 4 h of sample, and soaking time is consistent with measuring temperature at room temperature for each processing, with DDs 11 type electricity It leads instrument and surveys its conductivity, then 15 min of boiling water bath, be cooled to room temperature and survey a total conductivity value again.It is indicated with relative conductivity Permeability size.Experimental result such as table 4.

Table 4 sprays influence of the salicylic acid to cigarette cell leakage is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature

The result shows that: after being sprayed to the aqueous solution of salicylic acid that cigarette 4 kinds of various concentrations of progress are damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature in different degrees of field, damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature When grade is 1, spraying concentration 10mmolL^-1Aqueous solution of salicylic acid can effectively reduce the relative conductivity of aggrieved blade, And when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade for a period of time, the salicylic acid of various concentration is little for the range of decrease difference of relative conductivity.It is 2 when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade When, spray 20mmolL^-1The relative conductivity of the best aggrieved blade of reduction of aqueous solution of salicylic acid energy.It is 3 when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade When, 20mmolL^-1Aqueous solution of salicylic acid can preferably reduce the relative conductivity of aggrieved blade.

Conclusion: according to it is different damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette degree spray the aqueous solution of salicylic acid of salicylic acid various concentration can be effective Alleviation field damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature the sprawling of the cigarette state of an illness, and the result of conclusion and example 3 is identical, it is seen that water-soluble by spraying salicylic acid To alleviate, the generation of cigarette is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature in field to liquid and sprawling is feasible in effect.

Test example 5(activities of antioxidant enzymes)

Activities of antioxidant enzymes and MDA content are to study an important physical signs of plant stress, pass through measurement enzyme Activity and MDA content are recognized that the physiology order and internal state of plant.Therefore, we are to three aggrieved grades Cigarette strain antioxidase carry out activity and MDA assay, corresponding optimum concentration is sprayed to identical cigarette strain after measurement Salicylic acid solution, uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, after continuous spraying 1 week, 2 weeks again to the tobacco leaf of the aggrieved cigarette strain of different disposal Carry out activities of antioxidant enzymes detection.Experimental result such as the following table 5:

Table 5 sprays influence of the salicylic acid to cigarette enzymatic activity is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature

The result shows that after by spraying corresponding optimum concentration salicylic acid solution to different aggrieved grade tobacco leaves, cell SOD enzyme activity Property is in increase trend.Wherein, when aggrieved grade is 1, SOD enzyme activity is increased in conspicuousness；When aggrieved grade is 2 and 3, SOD enzyme activity increases.And POD activity is in then to be remarkably decreased with damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade and being promoted, MDA content is also on a declining curve.

Conclusion: according to it is different damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette degree spray the aqueous solution of salicylic acid of salicylic acid various concentration can be effective Increase enzymatic activity, alleviate the sprawling damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature of field, and the result of conclusion and example one, example two is identical, it is seen that pass through Spraying aqueous solution of salicylic acid, the generation of cigarette is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature in field and sprawling is feasible in effect to alleviate.

Test example 6(osmotic adjustment)

Protein and salicylic acid are the important substances for maintaining Premeabilisation of cells to adjust, and osmotic adjustment and maintenance are played in plant tissue Cyto-architectural effect.Therefore, protein and endogenous salicylic acid in plant cell can be applied after exogenous salicylic acid by comparison Whether content is feasible to judge the present invention.

We measure the cigarette strain protein content and patio's salicylic acid content of three aggrieved grades, to identical after measurement Cigarette strain spray the salicylic acid solution of corresponding optimum concentration, uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, to not after continuous spraying 1 week, 2 weeks Tobacco leaf with the aggrieved cigarette strain of processing re-starts protein content and patio's salicylic acid content detects.Experimental result such as the following table 6:

Influence of 6 exogenous salicylic acid of table to osmotic adjustment

The results show that not spraying the cigarette strain protein content of exogenous salicylic acid as the promotion for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade is in be remarkably decreased Gesture, endogenous salicylic acid content is in increase trend with the promotion for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade, but increased amount is not significant；Sprayed allogenic water The cigarette strain of poplar acid, protein content is also on a declining curve, but the amount declined is not significant, and endogenous salicylic acid content is in dramatically increase.

Conclusion: spraying exogenous salicylic acid and can effectively improve and damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette strain protein content and endogenous salicylic acid content, delays The sprawling that solution field is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, and the result of conclusion and example one, example two is identical, it is seen that by spraying aqueous solution of salicylic acid To alleviate, the generation of cigarette is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature in field and sprawling is feasible in effect.

Test example 7(spraying time)

Due to being influenced by plant stomata opening and closing and solution evaporation with utilizing, salicylic acid solution pair is sprayed in different times It is different for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature remission effect.Therefore, we are by spraying salicylic acid to the cigarette strain for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette in different times Solution measures optimum spraying time, to be provided fundamental basis using outside applying salicylic practical operation.

Experiment crop field in, damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature the cigarette strain that grade is 1/2/3 respectively select 20 plants totally 6 plants be one group, three group # are set A/B/C, totally 180 plants of cigarettes, are marked.The aggrieved cigarette strain salicylic acid spraying concentration of each group is optimum concentration, dosage Identical, entire blade face is wet to be advisable, and continuous spraying one week, spraying time was divided into: A group 8:00 in morning B group noon 14:00 C group Dusk 18:00, is identified after two weeks.Experimental result such as the following table 7:

The different spraying times of table 7 alleviate the influence for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade to salicylic acid

The results are shown in Table 7, and it is maximally efficient to the alleviation for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade to spray bigcatkin willow acid reagent in dusk 18:00 or so, to cold The reduction of evil grade is most, and followed by 8:00 in morning, the worst spraying time of relaxation effect is 14:00 or so at noon.

Conclusion: due to being influenced by cigarette strain stomatal movement state and solution evaporation with utilizing, in dusk 18:00 or so It is best to spray the effect that salicylic acid solution damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature alleviation, followed by 8:00 in morning.Therefore, we are molten using salicylic acid is applied outside It should be noted that spraying time when liquid, guarantee to spray in dusk 18:00 or so as far as possible, effect is best；If arrangement of time does not come, It is also more feasible that 8:00 or so, which is sprayed, in the morning；Avoid at noon 14:00 or so spray, effect is worst at this time.

Test example 8(is economical)

Expenditure is the important indicator for judging practicability of the present invention with income, and only income, which is noticeably greater than, pays, and could reflect invention Practicability and meaning.Therefore we are by per acre by the value promotion after tobacco leaf applies salicylic acid is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, and per acre The calculating of ground salicylic acid amount of application price is to judge field practicability of the invention.

Both from Shanghai Cheng Shao Biotechnology Co., Ltd, chemical component is detected as the selected salicylic acid of experiment Salicylic acid C₅H₉NO₂, price is 100 yuan/kg.On the basis of example 3, to the initial inquiry of three aggrieved grade tobacco leaf values Evaluation, sprays corresponding Determination of Salicylic Acid after investigation, after a week, be worth to same tobacco leaf and carry out research and appraisal again.Investigation As a result such as table 8-1.

To the cigarette strain with three kinds of aggrieved grades, the salicylic acid of corresponding optimum concentration is sprayed, counts salicylic dosage, so After calculate and apply salicylic cost per acre.Calculated result such as table 8-2.

Table 8-1 sprays influence of the salicylic acid to cigarette value is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature

Table 8-2 different brackets damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature salicylic acid cost needed for cigarette

The result shows that tobacco leaf value is obviously improved after spraying suitable concentration salicylic acid solution to different aggrieved grade tobacco leaves, and Value promotion is noticeably greater than salicylic acid cost.Wherein, when damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade is 3 grades, tobacco leaf value per acre is mentioned compared with control It rises at most, while required salicylic acid cost also highest, but income noticeably greater than expenditure.

Conclusion: according to it is different damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette degree and spray the aqueous solution of salicylic acid of various concentration can promote tobacco leaf valence Value, and the value promoted is noticeably greater than cost.Therefore, by spray to the different degree of damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature the salicylic acid of various concentration Aqueous solution come alleviate damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette sprawling and increase income method be feasible.

Test example 9(difference flue-cured tobacco cultivars)

The flue-cured tobacco intrinsic chemical ingredient of different cultivars has very big difference, also differs widely for the resistance damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, we are grinding Study carefully during damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature alleviation, it is also contemplated that the problem of flue-cured tobacco cultivars.Therefore, we are by damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature three flue-cured tobacco cultivars Alleviate situation to be identified, analyzes the effect that salicylic acid solution damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature alleviation to different flue-cured tobacco cultivars.

The representative characteristic flue-cured tobacco cultivars in three kinds of Yunnan: K326, cloud and mist 87, Hongda tobacco are chosen in experiment.Three The flue-cured tobacco of kind respectively chooses that damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade be 1/2/3 to be marked, and spraying concentration, mode are referring to example 3, spraying time ginseng According to the facts example 7.It continuous spraying one week, identifies after two weeks to damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade.Experimental result such as the following table 9:

9 salicylic acid solution of table damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature the effect of grade alleviation to different flue-cured tobacco cultivars

As a result shown in, salicylic acid solution, which damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature three flue-cured tobacco cultivars, alleviation, after spraying salicylic acid solution, three The flue-cured tobacco of a kind, which damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade, to be reduced, wherein the degree of reduction it is most apply K326, it is aobvious compared with other two kind effect It writes, it is essentially identical that salicylic acid solution damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature remission effect to cloud and mist 87 and Hongda tobacco.

Conclusion is applied salicylic acid solution alleviation field outside and is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature applied to multiple tobacco breds, and specific effect should be according to locality Weather and the kind are different to the resistance damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature.In experiment, K326 is worst to the resistance damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, applies salicylic acid solution outside Income is also most significant afterwards.

Example 10 --- (Qujing Fuyuan County K326)

Experiment is carried out in Qujing Fuyuan County, flue-cured tobacco cultivars K326, chooses 1 grade, 2 grades, 3 grades 3 the aggrieved of evil grade that is gas-cooled Cigarette strain is sprayed in the salicylic acid solution that afternoon 18:00 carries out optimum concentration respectively, does not spray salicylic acid solution cigarette strain work It for control, is toasted using two kinds of baking process of A, B, A technique is baking process of the present invention, and B technique is conventional dry Curing process.Test dust degree, ppo activity, average price (the dust degree: %, ppo activity: (min*mg) of its cured tobacco leaf^-1, Valence: member).Dust degree is divided into: 1 grade: dust area < 25%；2 grades: dust area 25-50%；3 grades: dust area 50-75%；4 Grade: dust area > 75%.Experimental result is as follows:

Influence of the salicylic acid solution to cured tobacco leaf is sprayed under 10 different process of table

As the result is shown: between different process, A technique cured tobacco leaf dust grade is significantly lower than B technique, the same A technique of ppo activity Lower than B technique, A technique is higher than B technique in terms of average price.Experimental group compared with the control group, after spraying optimum concentration, cured tobacco leaf Dust grade is substantially less than control group, and ppo activity is substantially less than control group, and average price is significantly higher than control group.

Conclusion: A technique cured tobacco leaf quality is higher than B technique；After spraying optimum concentration salicylic acid, it can significantly reduce after baking The decline of dust bring quality of tobacco.

Example 11 --- (Dali Jianchuan County is red big)

Experiment is carried out in Dali Jianchuan County, and flue-cured tobacco cultivars are red big, 1 grade of selection, 2 grades, 3 grades 3 the aggrieved of evil grade that are gas-cooled Cigarette strain is sprayed in the salicylic acid solution that afternoon 18:00 carries out optimum concentration respectively, does not spray salicylic acid solution cigarette strain work It for control, is toasted using two kinds of baking process of A, B, A technique is baking process of the present invention, and B technique is conventional dry Curing process.Test dust degree, ppo activity, average price (the dust degree: %, ppo activity: (min*mg) of its cured tobacco leaf^-1, Valence: member).Dust degree is divided into: 1 grade: dust area < 25%；2 grades: dust area 25-50%；3 grades: dust area 50-75%；4 Grade: dust area > 75%.Experimental result is as follows:

Influence of the salicylic acid solution to cured tobacco leaf is sprayed under 11 different process of table

Claims

1. a kind of alleviate the flue-cured tobacco management method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette based on salicylic acid application, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:

2. according to claim 1 alleviate the flue-cured tobacco management method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette based on salicylic acid application, it is characterised in that institute That states damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette prevention specifically:

According to Local Weather Report, it is as follows that mercury dropped amplitude is divided into three grades:

1 grade: mercury dropped 6-8 degree/evening；

2 grades: mercury dropped 8-10 degree/evening；

3 grades: mercury dropped 10-12 degree/evening；

3. according to claim 1 alleviate the flue-cured tobacco management method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette based on salicylic acid application, it is characterised in that institute The salicylic acid solution stated is salicylic aqueous solution.

4. according to claim 1 alleviate the flue-cured tobacco management method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette based on salicylic acid application, it is characterised in that institute The preparation method for the salicylic acid solution stated is that salicylic acid is added and is configured to phase in the tx-10 auxiliary agent that concentration is 60 ~ 100mg/L The salicylic acid solution of concentration is answered, is uniformly mixed, it is spare.

5. according to claim 1 alleviate the flue-cured tobacco management method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette based on salicylic acid application, it is characterised in that institute The method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette level identification stated is the investigation side in " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/T2322-2008) Method.

6. according to claim 1 alleviate the flue-cured tobacco management method for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature cigarette based on salicylic acid application, it is characterised in that institute The spraying method for the salicylic acid solution stated be when every morning 8 or when afternoon 18 to different grades of aggrieved cigarette strain blade just Face carries out corresponding concentration and sprays, and uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, and continuous spraying 1 week.

7. a kind of baking of flue-cured tobacco method that cigarette is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature based on salicylic acid application alleviation any according to claim 1 ~ 6, The kind for being characterized in that the flue-cured tobacco is K326, and position is middle and upper part tobacco leaf, the bulk curing barn of airflow descending type compression, concrete operations It is as follows:

8. a kind of baking of flue-cured tobacco method that cigarette is damaged to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature based on salicylic acid application alleviation any according to claim 1 ~ 6, The kind for being characterized in that the flue-cured tobacco is Hongda tobacco, and position is middle and upper part tobacco leaf, the bulk curing barn of airflow descending type compression, tool Gymnastics is made as follows: