CN109288110A - It is a kind of to apply flue-cured tobacco management and the baking method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid - Google Patents
It is a kind of to apply flue-cured tobacco management and the baking method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of flue-cured tobacco management and baking methods that alleviation grey cigarette is applied based on salicylic acid, 1) the flue-cured tobacco management method is the following steps are included: grayness level identification and once spray: carrying out grey cigarette level identification to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs, grey Tobacco Diseases degree is divided into 6 grades；And it is once sprayed according to grey cigarette grade；2) tobacco leaf grey level is identified again and secondary is sprayed: grey cigarette level identification first carried out again to 10 ~ 20 days after once spraying cigarette strains, and according to grey cigarette grade carry out it is secondary spray, be no more than 2 grades to grey cigarette grade.The method of the present invention is applied by the determination of aggrieved tobacco field dust grade, salicylic acid, and the generation of field grey cigarette has been effectively relieved.Method of the invention can effectively promote field tobacco leaf health degree, cured tobacco leaf grade, provide theory and technology for prevention and treatment field grey cigarette and support.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tobacco cultivation technical fields, and in particular to a kind of that the flue-cured tobacco for alleviating grey cigarette is applied based on salicylic acid
Management and baking method.
Background technique
China's tobacco planting area in 2017 accounts for about 20% or more of world's total amount up to 1482.2 ten thousand mu, tobacco planting with
Tax revenue is the main economic source in some provinces in China, and latest data is shown, national tobacco tax revenue realizes 11145.1 hundred million within 2017
Member accounts for 7% or so of national annual profits tax, and therefore, flue-cured tobacco cultivars plant quality and quality directly affects income and the state of tobacco grower
Family's revenue tax.In practical cured tobacco production plantation, due to stress (arid, salt marsh, heat, cold, jelly) composite factor of extraneous factor
Influence frequently result in the appearance of flue-cured tobacco grey cigarette " i.e. field dust cigarette ".
Grey cigarette refers to that needle point size occurs in blade face under the influence of stress (arid, salt marsh, heat, the cold, jelly) of extraneous factor
Black splotch, blade face piece thickens coarse, and it is bronze that blade moves back green presentation, organizes stiff, occurs on blade face after roasting of different sizes
Grey or the tiny spot of dark brown, appearance obviously degenerate.This tobacco leaf combustion force is weak, there is peculiar smell, and aroma quality is poor, perfume quantity
It is few, irritation enhancing, quality decline.
Salicylic acid (Pro) is one of component of phytoprotein, and can be widely present in plant with free state.?
Under the stress conditions such as arid, salt marsh, heat, cold, jelly, salicylic acid is largely accumulated in plant.The salicylic acid of accumulation is in addition to as plant
In object cytoplasm outside osmotic adjustment, is also stablizing structure of biological macromolecule, reducing cellular acid, releasing ammonia poison and conduct
Energy sink adjusts cell Redox, drought resisting, cold-resistant etc. and plays an important role.In vivo, salicylic acid is not only to manage
The osmotic adjustment thought, and the Protective substances and free radical scavenger of film and enzyme are alternatively arranged as, to permeated to plant
Growth under stress plays a protective role, for another important osmotic adjustment in potassium ion organism in vacuole
Accumulation, salicylic acid can play the adjustment effect to cytoplasm osmotic equilibrium again.What salicylic acid and glucose were formed
Amadori compound (Pro-Amadori), which is that one kind that tobacco is formed in modulation, ageing and process is important, non-to be waved
Hair property fragrance precursor substance, correlative study show that substance content in tobacco has a major impact the smoking quality of tobacco.
Currently, the prevention and treatment about field grey cigarette is concentrated mainly on the ridging of high moisture in the soil, spreads fertilizer over the fields lime, takes off the fields such as film ridging and plant
Training management measure and cultivation disease-resistant variety, it is not only time-consuming and laborious, and also remission effect is not significant.For this purpose, researching and developing a kind of effective
, method that can easily alleviate flue-cured tobacco field dust, be the key that solve the above problems to reduce field tobacco leaf dust.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the problem that grey cigarette occurred in field tobacco production process, the first object of the present invention is to provide one kind
The flue-cured tobacco management method for alleviating grey cigarette is applied based on salicylic acid, second, which is designed to provide a kind of apply based on salicylic acid, alleviates
The baking of flue-cured tobacco method of grey cigarette.
The first object of the present invention be achieved in that the following steps are included:
1) tobacco leaf grey level is identified and is once sprayed: level identification is carried out to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs, by grey flue-cured tobacco disease
Evil degree be divided into six grades it is as follows:
0 grade: whole leaf is disease-free；
1 grade: master pulse or offshoot are sporadicly distributed grey black spot, no more than the 5% of leaf area；
2 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 5%-15% of leaf area:
3 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 15%-30% of leaf area；
4 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 30%-45% of leaf area；
5 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more；
6 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more, and petiole grey black spot occurs and spreads to stalk；
When carrying out level identification to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs,
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 3-6 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 8-12 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 5-6 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 12-15 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.5-2%；
2) tobacco leaf grey level is identified again and secondary is sprayed: carrying out ash again to 10 ~ 20 days after once spraying cigarette strains
Color cigarette level identification is then sprayed without secondary when grey cigarette grade is no more than 2 grades；
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 2-5 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4-5 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 6-10 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.5-2%；
It is no more than 2 grades to grey cigarette grade.
The second object of the present invention is achieved in that the kind of the flue-cured tobacco is K326, and position is middle and upper part tobacco leaf,
The bulk curing barn (if air-flow ascending manner, high/low temperature layer swaps round) of airflow descending type compression, the baking process is mainly fixation
Gradually steady temperature drop is wet before, and specific baking operation is as follows:
A, yellowing stage: being 35 ~ 38 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature is 35 ~ 36 DEG C, if moisture content in leaves is too
It is more, 1 ~ 2 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature can be gradually reduced.When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 5 ~ 6 one-tenth, and blade main reinforcement half softens, with 1 DEG C/1 ~
Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 42 ~ 43 DEG C by 35 ~ 38 DEG C, makes wet-bulb temperature by 35 by the heating rate of 2h, baking time 36-44h
~ 36 DEG C rise to 36 ~ 37 DEG C, rise to 43 DEG C to dry-bulb temperature and rise, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, makes in barn wind between tobacco leaf
Speed should reach 0.3 ~ 0.4m/s in high wind speed layer, should reach 0.25 ~ 0.35m/s in middle wind speed layer, should reach 0.2 in low wind speed layer
~ 0.3m/s, baking time 18-24h,；
B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow at 36 ~ 37 DEG C
Yellow to full furnace, while accelerating hydrofuge, when two tobacco leaf flavescence offshoots bleach to 5 one-tenth, the flavescence offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated,
Baking time is 20-24h, while then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/1 ~ 2h, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 ~ 48 DEG C by 45 DEG C,
Wet-bulb temperature is remained unchanged, extends baking time until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll, completes fixation, baking time 18-
20h,；
C, the dry muscle stage: using in the conventional method for flue-curing tobacco leaves dry muscle stage dry, wet-bulb temperature and wet-emitting blower wind speed bake to
Until the master pulse of full barn tobacco leaf is dry, which is 34-40h.
For the second object of the present invention it is also possible that realize, the kind of the flue-cured tobacco is Hongda tobacco, during position is
Upper tobacco leaf, the bulk curing barn (if air-flow ascending manner, high/low temperature layer swaps round) of airflow descending type compression, the baking process master
Will be for gradually steady temperature drop to be wet before fixation, concrete operations are as follows:
A, yellowing stage: being 35 ~ 38 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature is 35 ~ 36.5 DEG C, if moisture content in leaves
Too much, 1 ~ 2 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature can be gradually reduced.When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 5 ~ 6 one-tenth, and blade main reinforcement half softens, with 1 DEG C/1
Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 42 ~ 43 DEG C by 35 ~ 38 DEG C by the heating rate of ~ 2h, baking time 46-54h, make wet-bulb temperature by
35 ~ 36 DEG C rise to 36 ~ 37 DEG C, rise to 43 DEG C to dry-bulb temperature and rise, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, is made in barn between tobacco leaf
Wind speed should reach 0.3 ~ 0.4m/s in high wind speed layer, should reach 0.25 ~ 0.35m/s in middle wind speed layer, should reach in low wind speed layer
0.2 ~ 0.3m/s, baking time 28-34h,；
B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow at 36 ~ 37 DEG C
It is yellow to full furnace, while accelerating hydrofuge, when two tobacco leaf offshoots bleach to 6-7 at when, the offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated, when baking
Between dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 ~ 48 DEG C by 45 DEG C, protects wet-bulb temperature then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h for 25-30h
It holds constant, extends baking time until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll, complete fixation, baking time 23-25h；
C, the dry muscle stage: using in the conventional method for flue-curing tobacco leaves dry muscle stage dry, wet-bulb temperature and wet-emitting blower wind speed bake to
Until the master pulse of full barn tobacco leaf is dry, which is 34-40h.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the method for the present invention is applied by the determination of aggrieved tobacco field dust grade, salicylic acid, damage symptoms alleviate the evaluation of degree
The methods of, the generation of field grey cigarette has been effectively relieved, has solved the stress (arid, salt marsh, heat, cold, jelly) because of extraneous factor
Etc. the generation of field grey cigarette caused by influence factors the problem of.Method of the invention can effectively promote field tobacco leaf health
Degree, cured tobacco leaf grade provide theory and technology for prevention and treatment field grey cigarette and support.
2, improve dust quality of tobacco significant effect.Salicylic acid be water-soluble maximum amino acid (162.3 g/100g, 25
DEG C), it is a kind of dipole nitrogen compound, without net charge in physiological range.In addition, salicylic acid acts on crop nonhazardous, it
It can participate in the synthesis of chlorophyll and shield to protein.The Amadori compound that salicylic acid and glucose are formed
(Pro-Amadori) it is the important non-volatile fragrance precursor of one kind that tobacco is formed in modulation, ageing and process
Substance, substance content in tobacco have a major impact the smoking quality promotion of tobacco.And salicylic acid is as a kind of infiltration
Auto-regulator, naturally occurring and acquisition is convenient, and certain density aqueous solution of salicylic acid is sprayed on aggrieved plant leaf, can
It is quickly absorbed by blade, rapid recovery, the further sprawling for inhibiting the field grey cigarette state of an illness.
3, easily operated.The present invention is compared to conventional method with operation letter for the injury of field tobacco leaf dust is improved
Single, the aqueous solution that salicylic acid need to be only made into respective concentration carries out field blade spraying.And the present invention is helped using tx-10
Salicylic acid solution is prepared in agent, is uniformly mixed and is sprayed, and cigarette strain is promoted to absorb, and auxiliary agent also removes the work destaticed in addition to emulsification
With.
4, secondary pollution is not generated.The present invention is by spraying certain density aqueous solution of salicylic acid, salicylic acid separation and Extraction
It in plant, is prevalent in animal and plant body, is the intermediate product of Nutrition and Metabolism, to people and animals, environmentally friendly.Therefore, salicylic acid
Spray and will not generate secondary pollution to plant and soil, be that a kind of environmental protection, ecology are friendly for other chemical agents
The grey cigarette of type alleviates method.
5, technical costs is lower.It sprays salicylic acid and (cultivates disease-resistant variety, soil-fumigating, height relative to other chemical methodes
Moisture in the soil ridging spreads fertilizer over the fields lime, takes off film ridging) for, efficiently quickly, the popularization suitable for large area.
6, remission effect is faster and significantly.The method of the present invention is used on the plant that grey cigarette occurs for field, plant
Plant height and its alleviation situation are significantly improved.After the processing of comparison in 10 days, the plant of salicylic field grey cigarette is not sprayed
There is black-and-blue spot in strain blade, and spreads to blade whole body and upper blade by the master pulse of initial inferior leads, vein；And it sprays
The black-and-blue spot of salicylic processing diseased plant blade is significantly controlled, and shows stronger resistance and growth is vigorous.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that salicylic acid solution sprays comparative diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but the present invention is limited in any way,
Based on present invention teach that it is made it is any transform or replace, all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is of the present invention that the flue-cured tobacco management method for alleviating grey cigarette is applied based on salicylic acid, comprising the following steps:
1) tobacco leaf grey level is identified and is once sprayed: level identification is carried out to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs, by grey flue-cured tobacco disease
Evil degree be divided into six grades it is as follows:
0 grade: whole leaf is disease-free；
1 grade: master pulse or offshoot are sporadicly distributed grey black spot, no more than the 5% of leaf area；
2 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 5%-15% of leaf area:
3 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 15%-30% of leaf area；
4 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 30%-45% of leaf area；
5 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more；
6 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more, and petiole grey black spot occurs and spreads to stalk；
When carrying out level identification to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs,
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 3-6 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 8-12 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 5-6 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 12-15 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.5-2%；
2) tobacco leaf grey level is identified again and secondary is sprayed: carrying out ash again to 10 ~ 20 days after once spraying cigarette strains
Color cigarette level identification is then sprayed without secondary when grey cigarette grade is no more than 2 grades；
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 2-5 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4-5 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 6-10 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.5-2%；
It is no more than 2 grades to grey cigarette grade.
Further, the salicylic acid solution is salicylic aqueous solution.
Further, the preparation method of the salicylic acid solution be in the tx-10 auxiliary agent that concentration is 60 ~ 100mg/L,
The salicylic acid solution that salicylic acid is configured to respective concentration is added, is uniformly mixed, it is spare.
Further, the method for the grey cigarette level identification is " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/
T2322-2008 the investigation method in) is identified using the investigation method in national standard.
Further, the spraying method of the salicylic acid solution is field grey cigarette grade when being 1-4 grades morning eight
Point sprays, and sprays when grey cigarette grade being 5-6 grades in afternoon 17, sprays tobacco leaf front, uniformly moistening with blade is advisable, often
It is sprayed once, and continuous spraying 1 ~ 2 week.
Further, the method further includes step (3) auxiliary adjustment:
A, soil moisture and salinity measurement: it is secondary to spray 10 ~ 20 days afterwards, aggrieved plant rhizosphere is detected with FDS100 moisture transducer
The moisture and salinity of soil；
B, moisture and salinity are adjusted: soil salt are reduced by application ardealite in aggrieved plant rhizosphere, by soil moisture tune
It is whole in 6-7vol%, soil salt is adjusted in < 0.3%；
C, the auxiliary adjustment of soil pH: add white lime Ca (OH) in aggrieved plant root application28-10% aqueous solution is from cigarette strain rhizome 5cm
Side is made a call to depth 20cm filling hole and is poured, and irrigation volume is the adjusting that 2L carries out P in soil H, and soil pH is adjusted in 6-7.5.
It is of the present invention that the baking of flue-cured tobacco method for alleviating grey cigarette is applied based on salicylic acid, it is characterised in that described is roasting
The kind of cigarette be K326, position be middle and upper part tobacco leaf, airflow descending type compression bulk curing barn (if air-flow ascending manner, high/low temperature layer tune
Change), the baking process is mainly that gradually steady temperature drop is wet before for fixation, and concrete operations are as follows:
A, yellowing stage: being 35 ~ 38 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature is 35 ~ 36 DEG C, if moisture content in leaves is too
It is more, 1 ~ 2 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature can be gradually reduced.When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 5 ~ 6 one-tenth, and blade main reinforcement half softens, with 1 DEG C/1 ~
Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 42 ~ 43 DEG C by 35 ~ 38 DEG C, makes wet-bulb temperature by 35 by the heating rate of 2h, baking time 36-44h
~ 36 DEG C rise to 36 ~ 37 DEG C, rise to 43 DEG C to dry-bulb temperature and rise, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, makes in barn wind between tobacco leaf
Speed should reach 0.3 ~ 0.4m/s in high wind speed layer, should reach 0.25 ~ 0.35m/s in middle wind speed layer, should reach 0.2 in low wind speed layer
~ 0.3m/s, baking time 18-24h；
B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow at 36 ~ 37 DEG C
Yellow to full furnace, while accelerating hydrofuge, when two tobacco leaf flavescence offshoots bleach to 5 one-tenth, the flavescence offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated,
Baking time is 20-24h, while then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/1 ~ 2h, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 ~ 48 DEG C by 45 DEG C,
Wet-bulb temperature is remained unchanged, extends baking time until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll, completes fixation, baking time 18-
20h ；
C, the dry muscle stage: using in the conventional method for flue-curing tobacco leaves dry muscle stage dry, wet-bulb temperature and wet-emitting blower wind speed bake to
Until the master pulse of full barn tobacco leaf is dry, which is 34-40h.
It is of the present invention that the baking of flue-cured tobacco method for alleviating grey cigarette is applied based on salicylic acid, it is characterised in that described is roasting
The kind of cigarette is Hongda tobacco, and position is middle and upper part tobacco leaf, and the bulk curing barn of airflow descending type compression is (if air-flow ascending manner, just
Warm layer swaps round), the baking process is mainly that gradually steady temperature drop is wet before for fixation, and concrete operations are as follows:
A, yellowing stage: being 35 ~ 38 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature is 35 ~ 36.5 DEG C, if moisture content in leaves
Too much, 1 ~ 2 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature can be gradually reduced.When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 5 ~ 6 one-tenth, and blade main reinforcement half softens, with 1 DEG C/1
Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 42 ~ 43 DEG C by 35 ~ 38 DEG C by the heating rate of ~ 2h, baking time 46-54h, make wet-bulb temperature by
35 ~ 36 DEG C rise to 36 ~ 37 DEG C, rise to 43 DEG C to dry-bulb temperature and rise, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, is made in barn between tobacco leaf
Wind speed should reach 0.3 ~ 0.4m/s in high wind speed layer, should reach 0.25 ~ 0.35m/s in middle wind speed layer, should reach in low wind speed layer
0.2 ~ 0.3m/s, baking time 28-34h,；
B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow at 36 ~ 37 DEG C
It is yellow to full furnace, while accelerating hydrofuge, when two tobacco leaf offshoots bleach to 6-7 at when, the offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated, when baking
Between dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 ~ 48 DEG C by 45 DEG C, protects wet-bulb temperature then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h for 25-30h
It holds constant, extends baking time until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll, complete fixation, baking time 23-25h；
C, the dry muscle stage: using in the conventional method for flue-curing tobacco leaves dry muscle stage dry, wet-bulb temperature and wet-emitting blower wind speed bake to
Until the master pulse of full barn tobacco leaf is dry, which is 34-40h.
Embodiment 1
It is a kind of to apply the flue-cured tobacco management method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid, comprising the following steps:
1) tobacco leaf grey level is identified and is once sprayed: level identification is carried out to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs, by grey flue-cured tobacco disease
Evil degree be divided into six grades it is as follows:
0 grade: whole leaf is disease-free；
1 grade: master pulse or offshoot are sporadicly distributed grey black spot, no more than the 5% of leaf area；
2 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 5%-15% of leaf area:
3 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 15%-30% of leaf area；
4 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 30%-45% of leaf area；
5 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more；
6 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more, and petiole grey black spot occurs and spreads to stalk；
When carrying out level identification to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs,
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 3 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 8mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 5-6 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 12 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.5%；
2) tobacco leaf grey level is identified again and secondary is sprayed: carrying out grey cigarette again to 10 days after once spraying cigarette strains
Level identification is then sprayed without secondary when grey cigarette grade is no more than 2 grades；
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 2 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4-5 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 6mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.5%；
It is no more than 2 grades to grey cigarette grade.
The salicylic acid solution is salicylic aqueous solution.The preparation method of the salicylic acid solution is in concentration
It is uniformly mixed for the salicylic acid solution that salicylic acid is configured to respective concentration in the tx-10 auxiliary agent of 60mg/L, is added, it is spare.It is described
The method of grey cigarette level identification be investigation method in " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/T2322-2008),
Identified using the investigation method in national standard.The spraying method of the salicylic acid solution is field grey cigarette grade
When being 1-4 grades morning 8 points spray, sprayed when grey cigarette grade being 5-6 grade in afternoon 17, it is positive to spray tobacco leaf, with leaf
Piece, which uniformly moistens, to be advisable, and sprays daily once, continuous spraying 1 week.
Embodiment 2
It is a kind of to apply the flue-cured tobacco management method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid, comprising the following steps:
1) tobacco leaf grey level is identified and is once sprayed: level identification is carried out to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs, by grey flue-cured tobacco disease
Evil degree be divided into six grades it is as follows:
0 grade: whole leaf is disease-free；
1 grade: master pulse or offshoot are sporadicly distributed grey black spot, no more than the 5% of leaf area；
2 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 5%-15% of leaf area:
3 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 15%-30% of leaf area；
4 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 30%-45% of leaf area；
5 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more；
6 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more, and petiole grey black spot occurs and spreads to stalk；
When carrying out level identification to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs,
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 6 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 12 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 5-6 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 15 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.6%；
2) tobacco leaf grey level is identified again and secondary is sprayed: carrying out grey cigarette again to 20 days after once spraying cigarette strains
Level identification is then sprayed without secondary when grey cigarette grade is no more than 2 grades；
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 5 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4-5 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 10 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.6%；
It is no more than 2 grades to grey cigarette grade.
The salicylic acid solution is salicylic aqueous solution.The preparation method of the salicylic acid solution is in concentration
It is uniformly mixed for the salicylic acid solution that salicylic acid is configured to respective concentration in the tx-10 auxiliary agent of 100mg/L, is added, it is spare.Institute
The method for the grey cigarette level identification stated is the investigation side in " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/T2322-2008)
Method is identified using the investigation method in national standard.The spraying method of the salicylic acid solution is field grey cigarette
When grade is 1-4 grade morning 8 points spray, sprayed when grey cigarette grade being 5-6 grades in afternoon 17, it is positive to spray tobacco leaf,
Uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, and sprays daily once, continuous spraying 2 weeks.
Embodiment 3
It is a kind of to apply the flue-cured tobacco management method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid, comprising the following steps:
1) tobacco leaf grey level is identified and is once sprayed: level identification is carried out to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs, by grey flue-cured tobacco disease
Evil degree be divided into six grades it is as follows:
0 grade: whole leaf is disease-free；
1 grade: master pulse or offshoot are sporadicly distributed grey black spot, no more than the 5% of leaf area；
2 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 5%-15% of leaf area:
3 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 15%-30% of leaf area；
4 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 30%-45% of leaf area；
5 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more；
6 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more, and petiole grey black spot occurs and spreads to stalk；
When carrying out level identification to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs,
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 4mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 9mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 5-6 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 13 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.7%；
2) tobacco leaf grey level is identified again and secondary is sprayed: carrying out grey cigarette again to 12 days after once spraying cigarette strains
Level identification is then sprayed without secondary when grey cigarette grade is no more than 2 grades；
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 3 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4-5 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 7mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.7%；
It is no more than 2 grades to grey cigarette grade；
The salicylic acid solution is salicylic aqueous solution.The preparation method of the salicylic acid solution is to be in concentration
In the tx-10 auxiliary agent of 70mg/L, the salicylic acid solution that salicylic acid is configured to respective concentration is added, is uniformly mixed, it is spare.Described
The method of grey cigarette level identification is the investigation method in " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/T2322-2008), i.e.,
It is identified using the investigation method in national standard.The spraying method of the salicylic acid solution is that field grey cigarette grade is
At 1-4 grades morning 8 points spray, sprayed when grey cigarette grade being 5-6 grade in afternoon 17, it is positive to spray tobacco leaf, with blade
It is uniformly wet to be advisable, it sprays daily once, continuous spraying 1 week.
It is a kind of to apply the baking of flue-cured tobacco method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid as described above, it is characterised in that described
The kind of flue-cured tobacco is K326, and position is middle and upper part tobacco leaf, and the bulk curing barn of airflow descending type compression, the baking process is mainly
Gradually steady temperature drop is wet before fixation, and concrete operations are as follows:
A, yellowing stage: being 35 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 35 DEG C, can if moisture content in leaves is too many
To gradually reduce 1 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature.When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 5 at when blade main reinforcement half softens, with the heating speed of 1 DEG C/1h
Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 42 DEG C by 35 DEG C, so that wet-bulb temperature is risen to 36 DEG C by 35 DEG C, to dry bulb by degree, baking time 36h
Temperature rises to 43 DEG C and rises, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, makes in barn wind speed among tobacco leaves that should reach 0.3m/s in high wind speed layer,
0.25m/s should be reached in middle wind speed layer, 0.2m/s, baking time 18h should be reached in low wind speed layer,；
B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow to complete at 36 DEG C
Furnace is yellow, while accelerating hydrofuge, and when two tobacco leaf flavescence offshoots bleach to 5 one-tenth, the flavescence offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated, and toasts
Time is 20h, while then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/1h, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 DEG C by 45 DEG C, protects wet-bulb temperature
It holds constant, extends baking time until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll, complete fixation, baking time 18h,；
C, the dry muscle stage: using in the conventional method for flue-curing tobacco leaves dry muscle stage dry, wet-bulb temperature and wet-emitting blower wind speed bake to
Until the master pulse of full barn tobacco leaf is dry, which is 34h.
Embodiment 4
It is a kind of to apply the flue-cured tobacco management method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid, comprising the following steps:
1) tobacco leaf grey level is identified and is once sprayed: level identification is carried out to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs, by grey flue-cured tobacco disease
Evil degree be divided into six grades it is as follows:
0 grade: whole leaf is disease-free；
1 grade: master pulse or offshoot are sporadicly distributed grey black spot, no more than the 5% of leaf area；
2 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 5%-15% of leaf area:
3 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 15%-30% of leaf area；
4 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 30%-45% of leaf area；
5 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more；
6 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more, and petiole grey black spot occurs and spreads to stalk；
When carrying out level identification to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs,
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 5mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 10 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 5-6 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 14 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.8%；
2) tobacco leaf grey level is identified again and secondary is sprayed: carrying out grey cigarette again to 14 days after once spraying cigarette strains
Level identification is then sprayed without secondary when grey cigarette grade is no more than 2 grades；
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 4mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4-5 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 8 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.8%；
It is no more than 2 grades to grey cigarette grade.
The salicylic acid solution is salicylic aqueous solution.The preparation method of the salicylic acid solution is in concentration
It is uniformly mixed for the salicylic acid solution that salicylic acid is configured to respective concentration in the tx-10 auxiliary agent of 80mg/L, is added, it is spare.It is described
The method of grey cigarette level identification be investigation method in " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/T2322-2008),
Identified using the investigation method in national standard.The spraying method of the salicylic acid solution is field grey cigarette grade
When being 1-4 grades morning 8 points spray, sprayed when grey cigarette grade being 5-6 grade in afternoon 17, it is positive to spray tobacco leaf, with leaf
Piece, which uniformly moistens, to be advisable, and sprays daily once, continuous spraying 1 week.
It is a kind of to apply the baking of flue-cured tobacco method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid as described above, it is characterised in that described
The kind of flue-cured tobacco is Hongda tobacco, and position is middle and upper part tobacco leaf, and the bulk curing barn of airflow descending type compression is (high if air-flow ascending manner
Cryosphere swaps round), the baking process is mainly that gradually steady temperature drop is wet before for fixation, and concrete operations are as follows:
A, yellowing stage: being 35 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 35 DEG C, can if moisture content in leaves is too many
To gradually reduce 1 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature.When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 5 at when blade main reinforcement half softens, with the heating speed of 1 DEG C/1h
Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 42 DEG C by 35 DEG C, wet-bulb temperature is made to rise to 36 DEG C by 35 DEG C by degree, baking time 46h, to dry
Ball temperature rises to 43 DEG C and rises, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, makes in barn wind speed among tobacco leaves that should reach 0.3m/ in high wind speed layer
S, should reach 0.25m/s in middle wind speed layer, should reach 0.2m/s, baking time 28h in low wind speed layer,；
B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow to complete at 36 DEG C
Furnace is yellow, while accelerating hydrofuge, and when two tobacco leaf offshoots bleach to 6 one-tenth, the offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated, and baking time is
Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 DEG C by 45 DEG C, remains unchanged wet-bulb temperature by 25h then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h, is extended
Baking time completes fixation, baking time 23h until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll；
C, the dry muscle stage: using in the conventional method for flue-curing tobacco leaves dry muscle stage dry, wet-bulb temperature and wet-emitting blower wind speed bake to
Until the master pulse of full barn tobacco leaf is dry, which is 34h.
Embodiment 5
It is a kind of to apply the flue-cured tobacco management method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid, comprising the following steps:
1) tobacco leaf grey level is identified and is once sprayed: level identification is carried out to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs, by grey flue-cured tobacco disease
Evil degree be divided into six grades it is as follows:
0 grade: whole leaf is disease-free；
1 grade: master pulse or offshoot are sporadicly distributed grey black spot, no more than the 5% of leaf area；
2 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 5%-15% of leaf area:
3 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 15%-30% of leaf area；
4 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 30%-45% of leaf area；
5 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more；
6 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more, and petiole grey black spot occurs and spreads to stalk；
When carrying out level identification to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs,
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 3.5 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 11 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 5-6 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 12.5 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.9%；
2) tobacco leaf grey level is identified again and secondary is sprayed: carrying out grey cigarette again to 15 days after once spraying cigarette strains
Level identification is then sprayed without secondary when grey cigarette grade is no more than 2 grades；
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 2.5 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4-5 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 9 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.9%；
It is no more than 2 grades to grey cigarette grade；
3) auxiliary adjustment:
A, soil moisture and salinity measurement: it is secondary to spray 10 days afterwards, aggrieved plant Rhizosphere Soil is detected with FDS100 moisture transducer
The moisture and salinity of earth；
B, moisture and salinity are adjusted: soil salt are reduced by application ardealite in aggrieved plant rhizosphere, by soil moisture tune
It is whole in 6vol%, soil salt is adjusted in < 0.3%；
C, the auxiliary adjustment of soil pH: add white lime Ca (OH) in aggrieved plant root application28% aqueous solution is beaten by cigarette strain rhizome 5cm
One depth 20cm fills hole and is poured, and irrigation volume is the adjusting that 2L carries out P in soil H, and soil pH is adjusted 6.
The salicylic acid solution is salicylic aqueous solution.The preparation method of the salicylic acid solution is in concentration
It is uniformly mixed for the salicylic acid solution that salicylic acid is configured to respective concentration in the tx-10 auxiliary agent of 90mg/L, is added, it is spare.It is described
The method of grey cigarette level identification be investigation method in " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/T2322-2008),
Identified using the investigation method in national standard.The spraying method of the salicylic acid solution is field grey cigarette grade
When being 1-4 grades morning 8 points spray, sprayed when grey cigarette grade being 5-6 grade in afternoon 17, it is positive to spray tobacco leaf, with leaf
Piece, which uniformly moistens, to be advisable, and sprays daily once, continuous spraying 2 weeks.
It is a kind of to apply the baking of flue-cured tobacco method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid as described above, it is characterised in that described
The kind of flue-cured tobacco is K326, and position is middle and upper part tobacco leaf, and the bulk curing barn of airflow descending type compression, the baking process is mainly
Gradually steady temperature drop is wet before fixation, and concrete operations are as follows:
A, yellowing stage: being 38 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 36 DEG C, can if moisture content in leaves is too many
To gradually reduce 2 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature.When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 6 at when blade main reinforcement half softens, with the heating speed of 1 DEG C/2h
Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 43 DEG C by 38 DEG C, so that wet-bulb temperature is risen to 37 DEG C by 36 DEG C, to dry bulb by degree, baking time 44h
Temperature rises to 43 DEG C and rises, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, makes in barn wind speed among tobacco leaves that should reach 0.4m/s in high wind speed layer,
0.35m/s should be reached in middle wind speed layer, 0.3m/s should be reached in low wind speed layer, baking time is for 24 hours；
B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow to complete at 37 DEG C
Furnace is yellow, while accelerating hydrofuge, and when two tobacco leaf flavescence offshoots bleach to 5 one-tenth, the flavescence offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated, and toasts
Time is for 24 hours, while then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h, dry-bulb temperature to be risen to 48 DEG C by 45 DEG C, protects wet-bulb temperature
It holds constant, extends baking time until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll, complete fixation, baking time 20h；
C, the dry muscle stage: using in the conventional method for flue-curing tobacco leaves dry muscle stage dry, wet-bulb temperature and wet-emitting blower wind speed bake to
Until the master pulse of full barn tobacco leaf is dry, which is 40h.
Embodiment 6
It is a kind of to apply the flue-cured tobacco management method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid, comprising the following steps:
1) tobacco leaf grey level is identified and is once sprayed: level identification is carried out to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs, by grey flue-cured tobacco disease
Evil degree be divided into six grades it is as follows:
0 grade: whole leaf is disease-free；
1 grade: master pulse or offshoot are sporadicly distributed grey black spot, no more than the 5% of leaf area；
2 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 5%-15% of leaf area:
3 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 15%-30% of leaf area；
4 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 30%-45% of leaf area；
5 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more；
6 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more, and petiole grey black spot occurs and spreads to stalk；
When carrying out level identification to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs,
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 4.5 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 8.5mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 5-6 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 13.5 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 2%；
2) tobacco leaf grey level is identified again and secondary is sprayed: carrying out grey cigarette again to 16 days after once spraying cigarette strains
Level identification is then sprayed without secondary when grey cigarette grade is no more than 2 grades；
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 3.5 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4-5 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 6.5 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 2%；
It is no more than 2 grades to grey cigarette grade；
3) auxiliary adjustment:
A, soil moisture and salinity measurement: it is secondary to spray 20 days afterwards, aggrieved plant Rhizosphere Soil is detected with FDS100 moisture transducer
The moisture and salinity of earth；
B, moisture and salinity are adjusted: soil salt are reduced by application ardealite in aggrieved plant rhizosphere, by soil moisture tune
It is whole in 7vol%, soil salt is adjusted in < 0.3%；
C, the auxiliary adjustment of soil pH: add white lime Ca (OH) in aggrieved plant root application210% aqueous solution is by cigarette strain rhizome 5cm
It makes a call to depth 20cm filling hole to be poured, irrigation volume is the adjusting that 2L carries out P in soil H, and soil pH is adjusted 7.5.
The salicylic acid solution is salicylic aqueous solution.The preparation method of the salicylic acid solution is in concentration
It is uniformly mixed for the salicylic acid solution that salicylic acid is configured to respective concentration in the tx-10 auxiliary agent of 65mg/L, is added, it is spare.It is described
The method of grey cigarette level identification be investigation method in " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/T2322-2008),
Identified using the investigation method in national standard.The spraying method of the salicylic acid solution is field grey cigarette grade
When being 1-4 grades morning 8 points spray, sprayed when grey cigarette grade being 5-6 grade in afternoon 17, it is positive to spray tobacco leaf, with leaf
Piece, which uniformly moistens, to be advisable, and sprays daily once, continuous spraying 2 weeks.
It is a kind of to apply the baking of flue-cured tobacco method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid as described above, it is characterised in that described
The kind of flue-cured tobacco is Hongda tobacco, and position is middle and upper part tobacco leaf, and the bulk curing barn of airflow descending type compression is (high if air-flow ascending manner
Cryosphere swaps round), the baking process is mainly that gradually steady temperature drop is wet before for fixation, and concrete operations are as follows:
A, yellowing stage: being 38 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, and wet-bulb temperature is 36.5 DEG C, if moisture content in leaves is too many,
2 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature can be gradually reduced.When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 6 at when blade main reinforcement half softens, with the heating speed of 1 DEG C/2h
Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 43 DEG C by 38 DEG C, so that wet-bulb temperature is risen to 37 DEG C by 36 DEG C, to dry bulb by degree, baking time 54h
Temperature rises to 43 DEG C and rises, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, makes in barn wind speed among tobacco leaves that should reach 0.4m/s in high wind speed layer,
0.35m/s should be reached in middle wind speed layer, 0.3m/s, baking time 34h should be reached in low wind speed layer,；
B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow to complete at 37 DEG C
Furnace is yellow, while accelerating hydrofuge, and when two tobacco leaf offshoots bleach to 7 one-tenth, the offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated, and baking time is
Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 48 DEG C by 45 DEG C, remains unchanged wet-bulb temperature by 30h then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h, is extended
Baking time completes fixation, baking time 25h until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll；
C, the dry muscle stage: using in the conventional method for flue-curing tobacco leaves dry muscle stage dry, wet-bulb temperature and wet-emitting blower wind speed bake to
Until the master pulse of full barn tobacco leaf is dry, which is 40h.
Test example 1 --- comparative experiments
The comparison of the various prevention and treatment field grey cigarette method costs of table 1
| Project | Effect | Price (first mu) | Cost performance |
| Salicylic acid | Preferably | 200 | Highest |
| Cultivate disease-resistant variety | It is best | Need a large amount of manpower and material resources | It is high |
| Soil-fumigating | It is good | 150 | It is high |
| High entropy ridging | Difference | 100 | It is low |
| Take off film ridging | It is poor | 50 | It is lower |
| Spread fertilizer over the fields lime | It is good | 50 | Generally |
Test example 2
Experiment is ground and is carried out in Yuxi, and 0,1,2,3 and 4mmolL is arranged-15 Determination of Salicylic Acid.Choose 2 grades, 3 grades, 4
Grade, the aggrieved cigarette strain of 5 grades, 6 grades 5 grayness grades, each 50 plants of processing, every plant of investigation (8-10 piece) leaf.After 10 days
Observe the alleviation symptom of grey cigarette.
The salicylic acid of various concentration is sprayed when experiment in the cigarette strain of same aggrieved grade.Method particularly includes: (1) prepare 0,
1,2,3 and 4mmolL-15 Determination of Salicylic Acid are respectively placed in 5 3L Backpack type Insecticide sprayers, and (2) are when every morning 11 or so
To spraying in different grades of aggrieved cigarette strain, uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, and continuous spraying 2 weeks.Simultaneously by 0mmolL-1
Processing as control.The identification of grayness grade is re-started after 2 weeks to the aggrieved cigarette strain of different disposal.Experimental result is shown in Table
2。
The different Determination of Salicylic Acid of table 2 alleviate symptom to field grey cigarette
The result shows that: after 4 kinds of different Determination of Salicylic Acid processing, when grayness grade is 2,3,1mmolL-1Salicylic acid
Concentration can effectively alleviate the sprawling of field grey cigarette symptom, when grayness grade is 4,2mmolL-1Salicylic acid it is dense
Degree can effectively alleviate the sprawling of field grey cigarette symptom, and there is no aobvious as symptom is alleviated in the increase of Determination of Salicylic Acid
Writing improves.When grayness grade is 5,6,3mmolL-1Determination of Salicylic Acid can effectively alleviate the grade field grey
Cigarette symptom, the increase of Determination of Salicylic Acid do not make dust symptom be further improved yet.
Conclusion: from the point of view of experimental result, the salicylic acid solution that various concentration is sprayed in different aggrieved cigarette strains can
The effective sprawling for alleviating field grey cigarette symptom.The disease resistance of plant is improved, wherein when grayness grade is 2,3,
Spray 1mmolL-1Salicylic acid effect it is the most obvious；When grayness grade is 4,2mmolL is sprayed-1Salicylic acid effect
Fruit is the most obvious；When grayness grade is 5,6,3mmolL is sprayed-1Salicylic acid effect it is the most obvious.
Test example 3(conductivity)
Relative conductivity is an important physiological and biochemical index for reacting plant membrane system status, when plant is in adverse circumstances stress
Under state, membranous system vulnerable to damage, electrolyte penetration and increase relative conductivity, therefore pass through the survey to plant relative conductivity
It is fixed, directly effectively plant health degree can be evaluated.
On the basis of test example 2, each processing of the plant after level identification will be re-started and choose the new of same leaf position
Fresh leaves cut the young leaflet tablet of selection and mature leaf, and packet is built in ice chest in hermetic bag takes back laboratory.It will be fresh
Leaf sample first gently rinse blade with tap water, remove surface contamination object, then rinse 1 ~ 2 time with deionized water, gently with filter paper
Blade surface moisture is blotted, 0.2 g is claimed and is cut into filament, is put into 50 mL test tube with ground stoppers, 20 mL deionized waters, leaching is added
Do not have 4 h of sample, soaking time is consistent with measuring temperature at room temperature for each processing, surveys its conductivity with 11 type conductivity gauge of DDs, so
15 min of boiling water bath afterwards is cooled to room temperature and surveys a total conductivity value again.Permeability size is indicated with relative conductivity.
Experimental result such as table 3.
Table 3 sprays influence of the salicylic acid to grey cigarette cell leakage
The result shows that: after being sprayed to the aqueous solution of salicylic acid that different degrees of field grey cigarette carries out 4 kinds of various concentrations, grey journey
When degree is 2,3,4, spraying concentration 2mmolL-1Aqueous solution of salicylic acid can effectively reduce the Relative electro-conductivity of aggrieved blade
Rate.And grayness be 5 when, 3mmolL-1Aqueous solution of salicylic acid can preferably reduce the relative conductivity of aggrieved blade.When
When grayness is 6,4mmolL-1Aqueous solution of salicylic acid can preferably reduce the relative conductivity of aggrieved blade.And when ash
When coloration is 2, with applying 1mmolL-1Salicylic acid solution and spray 2mmolL-1Salicylic acid solution for relative conductivity
Range of decrease difference it is little.
Conclusion: can be effective according to the aqueous solution of salicylic acid that different grey cigarette degree spray salicylic acid various concentration
The alleviation field grey cigarette state of an illness sprawling, and it is more preferable to the improvement of quality of tobacco to be compared to other modes, conclusion with
The result of example one is coincide substantially, it is seen that is improved quality of tobacco by spraying aqueous solution of salicylic acid, is alleviated field grey cigarette
Occur and sprawling is feasible in effect.
Test example 4(activities of antioxidant enzymes)
Activities of antioxidant enzymes and MDA content are to study an important physical signs of plant stress, pass through measurement enzyme
Activity and MDA content are recognized that the physiology order and internal state of plant.Therefore, we are to 5 aggrieved grades
Cigarette strain antioxidase carry out activity and MDA assay, corresponding optimum concentration is sprayed to identical cigarette strain after measurement
Salicylic acid solution, uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, after continuous spraying 1 week, 2 weeks again to the tobacco leaf of the aggrieved cigarette strain of different disposal
Carry out activities of antioxidant enzymes detection.Experimental result such as table 4:
Table 4 sprays influence of the salicylic acid to activities of antioxidant enzymes
The result shows that after by spraying corresponding optimum concentration salicylic acid solution to different aggrieved grade tobacco leaves, cell SOD enzyme activity
Property is in increase trend.Wherein, when aggrieved grade is 2, SOD enzyme activity is increased in conspicuousness；When aggrieved grade is 4 and 5,
SOD enzyme activity increases.And POD activity is in then to be remarkably decreased as dust grade is promoted, MDA content is also on a declining curve.
Conclusion: can be effective according to the aqueous solution of salicylic acid that different dust cigarette degree spray salicylic acid various concentration
Increase enzymatic activity, alleviate the sprawling of field dust, and the result of conclusion and test example 2, test example 3 is identical, it is seen that lead to
Cross spray aqueous solution of salicylic acid alleviate the generation of field dust cigarette and sprawling be feasible in effect.
Test example 5(osmotic adjustment)
Protein and salicylic acid are the important substances for maintaining Premeabilisation of cells to adjust, and osmotic adjustment and maintenance are played in plant tissue
Cyto-architectural effect.Therefore, protein and endogenous salicylic acid in plant cell can be applied after exogenous salicylic acid by comparison
Whether content is feasible to judge the present invention.
We measure the cigarette strain protein content and patio's salicylic acid content of 6 aggrieved grades, to identical after measurement
Cigarette strain spray the salicylic acid solution of corresponding optimum concentration, uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, to not after continuous spraying 1 week, 2 weeks
Tobacco leaf with the aggrieved cigarette strain of processing re-starts protein content and patio's salicylic acid content detects.Experimental result such as the following table 5:
Table 5 sprays influence of the salicylic acid to protein and endogenous salicylic acid content
| Protein | Endogenous salicylic acid | Protein | Endogenous salicylic acid | |
| mg/g | mg/g | mg/g | mg/g | |
| Second level | 218.32 | 0.43 | 240.97 | 0.85 |
| Three-level | 200.4 | 0.54 | 232.41 | 0.95 |
| Level Four | 165.87 | 0.61 | 230.46 | 1.07 |
| Pyatyi | 155.23 | 0.72 | 213.54 | 1.13 |
| Six grades | 140.32 | 0.81 | 205.21 | 1.20 |
The results show that not spraying the cigarette strain protein content of exogenous salicylic acid as the promotion of dust grade is in be remarkably decreased
Gesture, endogenous salicylic acid content is in increase trend with the promotion of dust grade, but increased amount is not significant；Sprayed allogenic water
The cigarette strain of poplar acid, protein content is also on a declining curve, but the amount declined is not significant, and endogenous salicylic acid content is in dramatically increase.
Conclusion: dust cigarette strain protein content and endogenous salicylic acid content can effectively be improved by spraying exogenous salicylic acid, be delayed
The sprawling of field dust is solved, and the result of conclusion and example one, example two is identical, it is seen that by spraying aqueous solution of salicylic acid
It is feasible in effect to alleviate generation and the sprawling of field dust cigarette.
Test example 6(spraying time)
Due to being influenced by plant stomata opening and closing and solution evaporation with utilizing, salicylic acid solution pair is sprayed in different times
Field dust cigarette remission effect is different.Therefore, we are by different times spraying the cigarette strain that dust cigarette occurs
Salicylic acid solution measures optimum spraying time, to be provided fundamental basis using outside applying salicylic practical operation.
Experiment crop field in, damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature the cigarette strain that grade is 2,3,4,5,6 respectively select 20 plants totally 5 plants be one group, three groups are set
Number A/B/C/D, totally 360 plants of cigarettes, are marked.The aggrieved cigarette strain salicylic acid spraying concentration of each group is that optimum is dense
Degree, dosage is identical, and entire blade face is wet to be advisable, and continuous spraying one week, spraying time was divided into: A group 8:00 in morning B group morning 11:
00 C group 14:00 in afternoon, D group 17:00 in afternoon.It is identified after two weeks.Experimental result such as the following table 6:
6 spraying time of table alleviates symptom to field grey cigarette
| Processing | 8:00 | 11:00 | 14:00 | 17:00 |
| 2 | 1.27 | 1.43 | 1.37 | 1.60 |
| 3 | 1.97 | 2.07 | 2.13 | 2.27 |
| 4 | 2.93 | 2.77 | 2.80 | 3.07 |
| 5 | 4.03 | 3.70 | 3.27 | 3.83 |
| 6 | 4.73 | 4.40 | 3.23 | 3.43 |
As a result as shown in table 6 and Fig. 1, it is maximally efficient to the alleviation of dust grade to spray bigcatkin willow acid reagent by 17:00 or so in the afternoon,
Most to the reduction for damaging to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade, followed by 8:00 in morning, the worst spraying time of relaxation effect is 14:00 or so at noon.
Conclusion: due to being influenced by cigarette strain stomatal movement state and solution evaporation with utilizing, in dusk 18:00 or so
It is best to the effect for alleviating field dust to spray salicylic acid solution, followed by 8:00 in morning.Therefore, we are applying bigcatkin willow using outer
It should be noted that spraying time when acid solution, guarantee that 17:00 or so is sprayed in the afternoon as far as possible, effect is best；Not such as arrangement of time
Come over, it is also more feasible that 8:00 or so, which is sprayed, in the morning；Avoid at noon 14:00 or so spray, effect is worst at this time.
Test example 7(is economical)
Expenditure is the important indicator for judging practicability of the present invention with income, and only income, which is noticeably greater than, pays, and could reflect invention
Practicability and meaning.Therefore we by dust tobacco leaf by the value promotion after salicylic acid is applied per acre, and per acre
The calculating of ground salicylic acid amount of application price is to judge field practicability of the invention.
Both from Shanghai Cheng Shao Biotechnology Co., Ltd, chemical component is detected as the selected salicylic acid of experiment
Salicylic acid C5H9NO2, price is 100 yuan/kg.On the basis of test example 1, to the first tune of three aggrieved grade tobacco leaf values
Evaluation is looked into, corresponding Determination of Salicylic Acid is sprayed after investigation, after a week, same tobacco leaf is worth and carries out research and appraisal again.It adjusts
Come to an end fruit such as table.
To the cigarette strain with 5 kinds of aggrieved grades, the salicylic acid of corresponding optimum concentration is sprayed, counts salicylic dosage, so
After calculate and apply salicylic cost per acre.Calculated result is as follows:
Table 7-1 sprays the influence that salicylic acid is worth tobacco leaf
| Dust cigarette grade | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Salicylic acid tobacco leaf value (mu) is not applied | 1200 | 800 | 400 | 200 | 100 |
| Tobacco leaf is worth (mu) after applying salicylic acid | 1500 | 1300 | 1100 | 900 | 700 |
Table 7-2 sprays salicylic acid cost
| Dust cigarette grade | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
| Salicylic acid is suitable for application concentration mmol/L | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| Salicylic acid cost (mu) | 100 | 150 | 200 | 250 | 300 |
The result shows that tobacco leaf value is obviously improved after spraying suitable concentration salicylic acid solution to different aggrieved grade tobacco leaves, and
Value promotion is noticeably greater than salicylic acid cost.Wherein, when dust grade is 3,4 grades, tobacco leaf value per acre is relatively compareed
It is promoted at most, while required salicylic acid cost also highest, but income noticeably greater than expenditure.
Conclusion: tobacco leaf valence can be promoted according to the aqueous solution of salicylic acid that different dust cigarette degree spray various concentration
Value, and the value promoted is noticeably greater than cost.Therefore, by spray to different dust degree the salicylic acid of various concentration
Aqueous solution is feasible to alleviate the sprawling of dust cigarette and increase the method for income.
Test example 8(difference flue-cured tobacco cultivars)
The flue-cured tobacco intrinsic chemical ingredient of different cultivars has very big difference, also differs widely for the resistance of field dust, we
During studying dust alleviation, it is also contemplated that the problem of flue-cured tobacco cultivars.Therefore, we pass through to three flue-cured tobacco cultivars
Dust alleviation situation is identified, the effect that salicylic acid solution alleviates different flue-cured tobacco cultivars field dust cigarettes is analyzed.
The representative characteristic flue-cured tobacco cultivars in three kinds of Yunnan: K326, cloud and mist 87, Hongda tobacco are chosen in experiment.Three
It is 2/3/4/5/6 to be marked that the flue-cured tobacco of kind chooses dust grade respectively, and spraying concentration, mode are referring to example 1, when spraying
Between referring to example 6.Continuous spraying one week, dust grade is identified after two weeks.Experimental result such as the following table 8:
The effect that 8 salicylic acid solution of table alleviates different flue-cured tobacco cultivars dust grades
| It does not spray | It sprays | It does not spray | It sprays | It does not spray | It sprays | It does not spray | It sprays | It does not spray | It sprays | It does not spray | It sprays | |
| K326 | 1 | 0.63 | 2 | 1.47 | 3 | 2.23 | 4 | 3.69 | 5 | 4.69 | 6 | 5.37 |
| Cloud and mist 87 | 1 | 0.76 | 2 | 1.52 | 3 | 2.41 | 4 | 3.53 | 5 | 4.37 | 6 | 5.69 |
| Hongda tobacco | 1 | 0.76 | 2 | 1.53 | 3 | 2.43 | 4 | 3.65 | 5 | 4.68 | 6 | 5.38 |
As a result shown in, salicylic acid solution plays the role of alleviation to three flue-cured tobacco cultivars dusts, after spraying salicylic acid solution, three
The flue-cured tobacco of a kind, which damages to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature grade, to be reduced, wherein the degree of reduction it is most be K326, it is aobvious compared with other two kind effect
It writes, salicylic acid solution is essentially identical to cloud and mist 87 and Hongda tobacco dust remission effect.
Conclusion applies salicylic acid solution outside and alleviates field dust applied to multiple tobacco breds, and specific effect should be according to locality
Weather and the kind are different to the resistance of field dust.In experiment, K326 is worst to the resistance of dust, applies salicylic acid outside
Income is also most significant after solution.
Test example 9
Experiment is carried out in Dali Jianchuan County, and flue-cured tobacco cultivars are red big, selection 1 grade, 2 grades, 3 grades, 4 grades, 5 grades, 6 grades of 6 dusts
The aggrieved cigarette strain of grade sprays in the salicylic acid solution that afternoon 18:00 carries out optimum concentration respectively, does not spray salicylic acid
Solution cigarette strain is toasted using two kinds of baking process of A, B as control and (is denoted as A1-6/B1-6), and A technique is told by the present invention
Baking process, B technique are conventional baking process.Test dust degree, the ppo activity, average price of its cured tobacco leaf.(dust journey
Degree: %, ppo activity: (min*mg)-1, average price: member) and dust degree is divided into: 1 grade: dust area < 25%；2 grades: dust area 25-
50%；3 grades: dust area 50-75%；4 grades: dust area > 75%.Experimental result is as follows:
Influence of the salicylic acid solution to red big cured tobacco leaf is sprayed under 9 different process of table
As the result is shown: between different process, A technique cured tobacco leaf dust grade is significantly lower than B technique, the same A technique of ppo activity
Lower than B technique, A technique is higher than B technique in terms of average price.Experimental group compared with the control group, after spraying optimum concentration, cured tobacco leaf
Dust grade is substantially less than control group, and ppo activity is substantially less than control group, and average price is significantly higher than control group.
Conclusion: A technique cured tobacco leaf quality is higher than B technique；After spraying optimum concentration salicylic acid, it can significantly reduce after baking
The decline of dust bring quality of tobacco.
Test example 10
Experiment is carried out in Chuxiong Nanhua County, flue-cured tobacco cultivars K326, chooses 1 grade, 2 grades, 3 grades, 4 grades, 5 grades, 6 grades of 6 dusts
The aggrieved cigarette strain of grade sprays in the salicylic acid solution that afternoon 18:00 carries out optimum concentration respectively, does not spray salicylic acid
Solution cigarette strain is toasted using two kinds of baking process of A, B as control and (is denoted as A1-6/B1-6), and A technique is told by the present invention
Baking process, B technique are conventional baking process.Test dust degree, the ppo activity, average price (dust journey of its cured tobacco leaf
Degree: %, ppo activity: (min*mg)-1, average price: member).Dust degree is divided into: 1 grade: dust area < 25%；2 grades: dust area
25-50%；3 grades: dust area 50-75%；4 grades: dust area > 75%.Experimental result is as follows:
Influence of the salicylic acid solution to K326 cured tobacco leaf is sprayed under 10 different process of table
As the result is shown: between different process, A technique cured tobacco leaf dust grade is significantly lower than B technique, the same A technique of ppo activity
Lower than B technique, A technique is higher than B technique in terms of average price.Experimental group compared with the control group, after spraying optimum concentration, cured tobacco leaf
Dust grade is substantially less than control group, and ppo activity is substantially less than control group, and average price is significantly higher than control group.
Conclusion: A technique cured tobacco leaf quality is higher than B technique；After spraying optimum concentration salicylic acid, it can significantly reduce after baking
The decline of dust bring quality of tobacco.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of apply the flue-cured tobacco management method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) tobacco leaf grey level is identified and is once sprayed: level identification is carried out to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs, by grey flue-cured tobacco disease
Evil degree be divided into six grades it is as follows:
0 grade: whole leaf is disease-free；
1 grade: master pulse or offshoot are sporadicly distributed grey black spot, no more than the 5% of leaf area；
2 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 5%-15% of leaf area:
3 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 15%-30% of leaf area；
4 grades: grey black spot accounts for the 30%-45% of leaf area；
5 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more；
6 grades: grey black spot accounts for 45% of leaf area or more, and petiole grey black spot occurs and spreads to stalk；
When carrying out level identification to the cigarette strain that grey cigarette occurs,
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 3-6 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 8-12 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 5-6 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 12-15 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.5-2%；
2) tobacco leaf grey level is identified again and secondary is sprayed: carrying out ash again to 10 ~ 20 days after once spraying cigarette strains
Color cigarette level identification,
When grey cigarette grade is 2-3 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 2-5 mmolL-1；
When grey cigarette grade is 4-5 grades, the spraying concentration of salicylic acid solution is 6-10 mmolL-1；
Assist foliage-spray K2CO3, concentration 1.5-2%；
It is no more than 2 grades to grey cigarette grade.
2. according to claim 1 apply the flue-cured tobacco management method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid, it is characterised in that institute
The salicylic acid solution stated is salicylic aqueous solution.
3. according to claim 1 apply the flue-cured tobacco management method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid, it is characterised in that institute
The preparation method for the salicylic acid solution stated is that salicylic acid is added and is configured to phase in the tx-10 auxiliary agent that concentration is 60 ~ 100mg/L
The salicylic acid solution of concentration is answered, is uniformly mixed, it is spare.
4. according to claim 1 apply the flue-cured tobacco management method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid, it is characterised in that institute
The method for the grey cigarette level identification stated is the investigation side in " tobacco diseases classification and investigation method " (GB/T2322-2008)
Method is identified using the investigation method in national standard.
5. according to claim 1 apply the flue-cured tobacco management method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid, it is characterised in that institute
The spraying method for the salicylic acid solution stated is field grey cigarette grade when being 1-4 grades morning 8 points spray, when grey cigarette grade
It is sprayed when afternoon 17 when being 5-6 grades, sprays tobacco leaf front, uniformly being moistened with blade is advisable, and sprays primary, continuous spraying daily
1 ~ 2 week.
6. according to claim 1 apply the flue-cured tobacco management method for alleviating grey cigarette based on salicylic acid, it is characterised in that also
Including step (3) auxiliary adjustment:
A, soil moisture and salinity measurement: it is secondary to spray 10 ~ 20 days afterwards, aggrieved plant rhizosphere is detected with FDS100 moisture transducer
The moisture and salinity of soil；
B, moisture and salinity are adjusted: soil salt are reduced by application ardealite in aggrieved plant rhizosphere, by soil moisture tune
It is whole in 6-7vol%, soil salt is adjusted in < 0.3%；
C, the auxiliary adjustment of soil pH: add white lime Ca (OH) in aggrieved plant root application28-10% aqueous solution is by cigarette strain rhizome 5cm
It makes a call to depth 20cm filling hole to be poured, irrigation volume is the adjusting that 2L carries out P in soil H, and soil pH is adjusted in 6-7.5.
7. a kind of baking of flue-cured tobacco method that alleviation grey cigarette is applied based on salicylic acid any according to claim 1 ~ 6,
The kind for being characterized in that the flue-cured tobacco is K326, and position is middle and upper part tobacco leaf, and the bulk curing barn of airflow descending type compression is specific to grasp
Make as follows:
A, yellowing stage: being 35 ~ 38 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature is 35 ~ 36 DEG C, if moisture content in leaves is too
It is more, 1 ~ 2 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature can be gradually reduced；When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 5 ~ 6 one-tenth, and blade main reinforcement half softens, with 1 DEG C/1 ~
Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 42 ~ 43 DEG C by 35 ~ 38 DEG C, makes wet-bulb temperature by 35 by the heating rate of 2h, baking time 36-44h
~ 36 DEG C rise to 36 ~ 37 DEG C, rise to 43 DEG C to dry-bulb temperature and rise, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, makes in barn wind between tobacco leaf
Speed should reach 0.3 ~ 0.4m/s in high wind speed layer, should reach 0.25 ~ 0.35m/s in middle wind speed layer, should reach 0.2 in low wind speed layer
~ 0.3m/s, baking time 18-24h；
B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow at 36 ~ 37 DEG C
Yellow to full furnace, while accelerating hydrofuge, when two tobacco leaf flavescence offshoots bleach to 5 one-tenth, the flavescence offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated,
Baking time is 20-24h, while then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/1 ~ 2h, dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 ~ 48 DEG C by 45 DEG C,
Wet-bulb temperature is remained unchanged, extends baking time until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll, completes fixation, baking time 18-
20h；
C, the dry muscle stage: using in the conventional method for flue-curing tobacco leaves dry muscle stage dry, wet-bulb temperature and wet-emitting blower wind speed bake to
Until the master pulse of full barn tobacco leaf is dry, which is 34-40h.
8. a kind of baking of flue-cured tobacco method that alleviation grey cigarette is applied based on salicylic acid any according to claim 1 ~ 6,
The kind for being characterized in that the flue-cured tobacco is Hongda tobacco, and position is middle and upper part tobacco leaf, the bulk curing barn of airflow descending type compression, tool
Gymnastics is made as follows:
A, yellowing stage: being 35 ~ 38 DEG C in flavescence initial setting dry-bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperature is 35 ~ 36.5 DEG C, if moisture content in leaves
Too much, 1 ~ 2 DEG C of wet-bulb temperature can be gradually reduced；When bottom stage tobacco leaf turns yellow 5 ~ 6 one-tenth, and blade main reinforcement half softens, with 1 DEG C/1
Dry-bulb temperature is risen to 42 ~ 43 DEG C by 35 ~ 38 DEG C by the heating rate of ~ 2h, baking time 46-54h, make wet-bulb temperature by
35 ~ 36 DEG C rise to 36 ~ 37 DEG C, rise to 43 DEG C to dry-bulb temperature and rise, and wet-emitting blower is adjusted to high speed, is made in barn between tobacco leaf
Wind speed should reach 0.3 ~ 0.4m/s in high wind speed layer, should reach 0.25 ~ 0.35m/s in middle wind speed layer, should reach in low wind speed layer
0.2 ~ 0.3m/s, baking time 28-34h；
B, the fixation stage: stablize dry-bulb temperature at 45 DEG C at fixation initial stage, wet-bulb temperature makes tobacco leaf continue to turn yellow at 36 ~ 37 DEG C
It is yellow to full furnace, while accelerating hydrofuge, when two tobacco leaf offshoots bleach to 6-7 at when, the offshoot speed that bleaches obviously is accelerated, when baking
Between dry-bulb temperature is risen to 46 ~ 48 DEG C by 45 DEG C, protects wet-bulb temperature then with the heating rate of 1 DEG C/2h for 25-30h
It holds constant, extends baking time until full barn tobacco leaf parent roll, complete fixation, baking time 23-25h；
C, the dry muscle stage: using in the conventional method for flue-curing tobacco leaves dry muscle stage dry, wet-bulb temperature and wet-emitting blower wind speed bake to
Until the master pulse of full barn tobacco leaf is dry, which is 34-40h.
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| CN113974198A (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-01-28 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Method for judging flue-cured tobacco ash hanging by utilizing stress resistance of tobacco leaf cells |
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| US20050034365A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2005-02-17 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Spray and/or soil treatment of tobacco to reduce TSNAs |
| CN102986391A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2013-03-27 | 郑州大学 | Method for improving content and aromas of tobacco secondary metabolite products |
| CN107223452A (en) * | 2017-08-05 | 2017-10-03 | 郭汉华 | One cultural method grown tobacco |
| CN107646393A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-02-02 | 河南农业大学 | The method for reducing flue-cured tobacco " high temperature is forced ripe " harm |
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| US20050034365A1 (en) * | 2003-01-31 | 2005-02-17 | Philip Morris Usa Inc. | Spray and/or soil treatment of tobacco to reduce TSNAs |
| CN102986391A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2013-03-27 | 郑州大学 | Method for improving content and aromas of tobacco secondary metabolite products |
| CN107223452A (en) * | 2017-08-05 | 2017-10-03 | 郭汉华 | One cultural method grown tobacco |
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| CN113974198B (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2023-03-14 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Method for judging flue-cured tobacco ash formation by using stress resistance of tobacco leaf cells |
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