CN109216892B - Wireless data transmission antenna for starting motor stress signal telemetry system - Google Patents
Wireless data transmission antenna for starting motor stress signal telemetry system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109216892B CN109216892B CN201811007650.3A CN201811007650A CN109216892B CN 109216892 B CN109216892 B CN 109216892B CN 201811007650 A CN201811007650 A CN 201811007650A CN 109216892 B CN109216892 B CN 109216892B
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
- H01Q3/08—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying two co-ordinates of the orientation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wireless data transmission antenna for starting a dynamic stress signal telemetry system, which comprises a transmitting antenna fixed on a rotor rotating shaft and a receiving antenna fixed on a stator, wherein the transmitting antenna comprises a medium substrate, a ground plane and a plurality of groups of microstrip dipole antennas with different working frequency points, each group of microstrip dipole antennas comprises a microstrip feeder line and a radiation patch, the microstrip feeder line is used for feeding the radiation patch, the lengths of the radiation patch and the microstrip feeder line are designed to be half of the working frequency point wavelength, and the length of an overlapping area of the radiation patch and the microstrip feeder line is designed to be quarter of the working frequency point wavelength; the receiving antenna adopts a loading ring antenna structure and comprises a metal conductor ring, a loading resistor and a planar reflecting plate, wherein the metal conductor ring is of a metal tube structure, the metal conductor ring is divided into two semi-rings, the loading resistor is connected in series between the two semi-rings, the resistance value of the loading resistor is equal to the average characteristic impedance of the metal conductor ring, the two ends of the loading resistor are feed ends, and the planar reflecting plate is arranged at the back of the metal conductor ring. The invention can prevent inter-channel crosstalk and channel fading.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a wireless data transmission antenna for use in powering a motorized stress signal telemetry system.
Background
The aeroengine and the gas turbine are core mechanical components of heavy key equipment such as airplanes, ships and the like in the national defense field, wherein the engine moving blades work under severe working condition environments such as high temperature, high pressure, high rotating speed and the like, in the daily production and operation process, the blade fracture faults are particularly prominent, and once the blade fracture occurs, serious economic loss and safety accidents can be caused. In the actual working state of the engine, the dynamic frequency (self-vibration frequency) of the blades in the rotating state and the static frequency in the non-rotating state are different under the influence of the connection rigidity of the blades and the wheel disc, the centrifugal force of the engine, the internal temperature, the air flow force and other factors, so that the working state and the operation safety of the blades can be effectively monitored in real time by measuring the dynamic stress signals of the rotor blades of the engine.
On the one hand, the engine is in a working state of high temperature, high pressure and high rotation speed in the normal running process, the traditional contact type dynamic stress signal measuring system adopts a slip ring to realize power supply and data transmission, the service life of the method is extremely low, the structure of the engine is changed, and the potential safety hazard of the engine running is greatly increased.
On the other hand, non-contact rotor blade dynamic stress signal measurement systems are also known as engine rotor blade dynamic stress signal telemetry systems. The remote measurement refers to a measurement process of sensing and collecting parameters of a measured object at a certain distance, sending the parameters to a receiving place through a transmission medium, and demodulating, recording and processing the parameters. The non-contact data real-time transmission system can be divided into an induction type, an infrared type and a wireless digital type. The induction type data transmission mode is based on an electromagnetic coupling principle, the carrier frequency of the induction type data transmission mode is limited by the cut-off frequency of the magnetic core, and the requirement of high-speed data transmission is difficult to meet; the infrared data transmission mode uses infrared rays as a carrier, is only suitable for data transmission in close-range, small-angle and barrier-free occasions, and is not suitable for severe service environments; the wireless digital data transmission mode is widely applied to a high-speed rotation wireless communication system and has the characteristics of short distance and low power consumption.
In yet another aspect, the engine-driven stress signal telemetry system is positioned in the rotating body, the receiving and transmitting modules rotate along with the rotating shaft, and the radiation directivity of the antenna can rotate along with the shaft approximately in a circular manner, so that the design of the wireless data transmission antenna needs to solve the Doppler effect and the shadow effect caused by relative motion and prevent inter-channel crosstalk and channel fading.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention designs a wireless data transmission antenna for starting a dynamic stress signal telemetry system, which comprises a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna, is suitable for short-range dynamic stress signal data transmission within 10mm between a rotor part and a stator part of an engine, and can prevent inter-channel crosstalk and channel fading. The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the wireless data transmission antenna for starting the dynamic stress signal telemetry system comprises a transmitting antenna fixed on a rotor rotating shaft and a receiving antenna fixed on a stator, wherein the transmitting antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a ground plane and a plurality of groups of microstrip dipole antennas with different working frequency points; the thickness of a dielectric substrate between the radiating patch and the microstrip feeder or the microstrip feeder is offset in the width direction by adjusting the width of the radiating patch, so that the superposition area of the microstrip feeder and the radiating patch is changed, and the input impedance of the microstrip dipole antenna is further adjusted; the receiving antenna adopts a loading ring antenna structure and comprises a metal conductor ring, a loading resistor and a planar reflecting plate, wherein the metal conductor ring is of a metal tube structure, the metal conductor ring is divided into two semi-rings, the loading resistor is connected in series between the two semi-rings, the resistance value is equal to the average characteristic impedance of the metal conductor ring, the two ends are feed ends, the planar reflecting plate is arranged at the back of the metal conductor ring and is used for improving the directivity coefficient of the antenna in the theta=0 direction, the theta=0 direction is perpendicular to the planar reflecting plate, and the planar reflecting plate points to the direction of the metal conductor ring; the distance between the metal conductor ring and the plane reflecting plate is set to be 0.05-0.2, wherein d is the distance between the plane reflecting plate and the metal conductor ring, and lambda is the wavelength of the working frequency point of the receiving antenna.
The invention has the substantial characteristics that: the transmitting antenna adopts a microstrip dipole antenna structure, has the performance of high gain and high efficiency, and can meet the requirements of narrow antenna bandwidth and modulation frequency point separation of a plurality of channels by designing proper single frequency point bandwidth of the transmitting antenna, thereby effectively avoiding the crosstalk between the channels; the receiving antenna adopts a loading loop antenna structure, has the performances of wide bandwidth and small transmission loss, ensures that the antenna transmission coefficient is basically consistent in the process that the transmitter rotates along with the rotor shaft at high speed, realizes the high-speed transmission of the rotating telemetry signal with high transmission coefficient, and effectively avoids channel fading. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages: the wireless data transmission antenna for starting the dynamic stress signal telemetry system is provided, and the antenna is matched with a telemetry system transmitter and a receiver, so that the high-speed transmission of the dynamic stress telemetry signal with long service life, short distance, low power consumption, stability and high transmission signal-to-noise ratio under the severe service environment can be realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a microstrip dipole antenna structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the reflection coefficient of a single channel transmit antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the loading loop antenna structure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the reflection coefficient of the receiving antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a motor stress signal telemetry system to which the present invention is applicable.
The reference numerals in the figures illustrate: 0 is a microstrip dipole antenna; 1 is a radiation patch; 2 is a microstrip feeder (also called a coupling line); 3 is a dielectric substrate; 4 is a ground plane; 5 is a loading ring antenna, 6 is a metal conductor ring, 7 is a loading resistor, and 8 is a plane reflecting plate; 9 is an engine rotor, 10 is a strain gauge, 11 is a transmission cable, 12 is a transmitter, 13 is a transmitting antenna, 14 is a rotor ring antenna slot, 15 is a receiving antenna, 16 is a stator ring antenna slot, 17 is a power divider, 18 is a receiver, and 19 is a peripheral device.
Detailed Description
The invention is described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The invention designs a wireless data transmission antenna for starting a motor stress signal telemetry system, which comprises a transmitting antenna and a receiving antenna.
(1) Transmitting antenna:
as shown in fig. 1, the transmitting antenna 13 adopts a structure of a plurality of microstrip dipole antennas 0, the microstrip dipole antennas 0 comprise a radiation patch 1, a microstrip feeder (also called a coupling line) 2, a dielectric substrate 3 and a ground plane 4, the radiation patch 1 is made of metal material and is positioned on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 3, the microstrip feeder 2 is made of metal material and is positioned inside the dielectric substrate 3, the ground plane 4 is made of metal material and is positioned on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 3, the dielectric substrate 3 is made of a plate material commonly used for a Printed Circuit Board (PCB), the width of the radiation patch 1 is limited by the size of a rotor ring and is designed to be equal to the width of the microstrip feeder 2, the microstrip feeder 2 is used for feeding the radiation patch 1, the lengths of the radiation patch 1 and the microstrip feeder 2 are designed to be half of the wavelength of the operating frequency point, the length of an overlapping area of the radiation patch 1 and the microstrip feeder 2 is designed to be one fourth of the wavelength of the operating frequency point, and the bending radius of the radiation patch 1 and the microstrip feeder 2 and the thickness of the dielectric substrate 3 can be adjusted according to practical installation conditions, and no influence is caused on the antenna performance.
By adjusting the width of the radiation patch 1, the thickness of the substrate between the radiation patch 1 and the microstrip feeder 2 or the bias of the microstrip feeder 2 in the width direction, the input impedance of the microstrip dipole antenna 0 can be adjusted by changing the overlapping area of the microstrip feeder 2 and the radiation patch 1.
The transmitting antenna 13 adopts a coaxial line feed mode, the coaxial line inner conductor passes through the dielectric substrate and is connected to the microstrip feeder 2, and the coaxial line shielding layer is connected with the ground plane 4 on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate 3 to realize the excitation of the antenna;
the transmitting antenna 13 belongs to the microstrip antenna type, is suitable for the environment with excitation frequency higher than 100MHz, each microstrip dipole antenna 0 corresponds to one transmitting channel, each transmitting channel corresponds to one working frequency point, as shown in figure 2, the bandwidth of a single frequency point of the microstrip dipole antenna 0 is narrow, only 40MHz, the requirement of separating modulation frequency points of a plurality of transmitting channels can be met, the crosstalk between channels is effectively avoided, and the microstrip dipole antenna has the characteristics of high gain and high efficiency.
(2) Receiving antenna:
as shown in fig. 3, the receiving antenna 15 adopts a loading loop antenna 5 structure, which comprises a metal conductor loop 6, a loading resistor 7 and a plane reflecting plate 8, wherein the metal conductor loop 6 is a metal tube structure, the conductor loop diameter a and the metal tube diameter b of the metal tube structure can be set according to the actual installation conditions, the two ends of the metal conductor loop 6 are feed ends, the metal conductor loop 6 is divided into two halves, and the average characteristic impedance of the metal conductor loop 6 is approximately equal to that of the metal tube structureThe loading resistor 7 with a specific value is connected in series in the middle, the resistance value is equal to the average characteristic impedance of the metal conductor ring 6, and the directivity coefficient of the antenna in the theta=0 direction can be improved by the plane reflecting plate 8 arranged at the back of the metal conductor ring 6; the θ=0 direction is a direction perpendicular to the planar reflecting plate 8, from which the metal conductor ring 6 is directed; the planar reflecting plate 8 is a metal material.
The metal conductor ring 6 is connected with the loading resistor 7, the two semicircular rings can radiate electromagnetic waves outwards, current along the ring is distributed into traveling wave current, and the metal conductor ring has unidirectional radiation and has wider frequency band. The distance between the metal conductor ring 6 and the plane reflecting plate 8 is set to be 0.05 less than or equal to d/lambda less than or equal to 0.2, wherein d is the distance between the plane reflecting plate 8 and the metal conductor ring 6, lambda is the wavelength of the working frequency point, the distance setting range meets the requirement of the corresponding wavelength of all the working frequency points of the receiving antenna 15, and the directivity coefficient of the receiving antenna can be improved.
The receiving antenna 15 adopts a differential double-wire feed mode, and two differential wires are respectively connected into two feed ports of the metal conductor ring 6 to realize the excitation of the antenna.
The receiving antenna 15 is of a loop antenna type, and is suitable for an environment requiring broadband spectrum reception, and as shown in fig. 4, the receiving antenna 15 has broadband characteristics, the bandwidth covers 1GHz to 3GHz, and has high gain in the θ=0 direction.
(3) Mounting position:
as shown in fig. 5, which is a schematic diagram of the relative installation positions of the transmitting antenna 13 and the receiving antenna 15 and the structure of the engine dynamic stress signal telemetry system, the transmitting antenna 13 is installed in the rotor ring antenna slot 14, the rotor ring antenna slot 14 and the transmitter 12 are installed on the engine rotor 9 to rotate along with the engine rotor 9, the rotor ring antenna slot 14 coincides with the central axis of the engine rotor 9, the receiving antenna 15 is installed in the stator ring antenna slot 16, the θ=0 direction of the receiving antenna 15 points to the center of the engine rotor 9, the planar reflecting plate 8 can be installed on the back surface of the stator ring antenna slot 16 or embedded into the inside of the stator ring antenna slot 16, the stator ring antenna slot 16 is stationary in the engine working process, and the rotor ring antenna slot 14 adopts a form of butt joint of the end face of the rotary shaft or a radial butt joint of the rotary shaft, the central axes of the stator ring antenna slot 16 and the rotor ring antenna slot 14 are coincident, so that the receiving antenna always faces the transmitting antenna, and the stator ring antenna slot 16 and the rotor ring antenna slot 14 adopt insulating materials such as plastics, wood and the like in the engine rotating process.
The transmitting antenna 13 is connected with the transmitter 12 through the transmission cable 11, the receiving antenna 15 is connected with the power divider 17 through a differential double line, the power divider 17 is connected with the receiver 18, the strain gauge 10 is attached to the blade of the blade disc of the engine rotor 9, the dynamic strain signal measured by the strain gauge 10 is transmitted to the transmitter 12 through the transmission cable 11, modulated and encoded by the transmitter 12, transmitted by the transmitting antenna 13, received by the receiving antenna 15, and then the signal is evenly distributed to each channel of the receiver 18 through the power divider 17 for signal decoding demodulation, and the decoded signal is output from the receiver 18 to the peripheral equipment 19.
Each channel of the transmitter 12 is connected with one path of microstrip dipole antenna 0, the transmitting antenna 13 is composed of multiple paths of microstrip dipole antennas 0, and the number of the microstrip dipole antennas 0 is determined by the number of the transmitter channels. For example, a transmitter 12 of a telemetry system for engine dynamic stress signals has 8 channels, which are externally connected with 8 paths of microstrip dipole antennas 0, and the 8 paths of microstrip dipole antennas 0 are arranged on the inner circumference of a rotor ring antenna slot 14 to form a transmitting antenna 13 of the telemetry system. All channels of the receiver 18 are connected with a receiving antenna 15 in the form of a loading loop antenna 5 in an external mode, and the receiving antenna 15 is connected with each channel of the receiver 18 after power is distributed evenly through a power divider 17. For example, a certain engine dynamic stress signal telemetry system receiver 18 has 8 channels, and the receiving antenna 15 is divided into 8 channels for each channel of the receiver 18 after power is distributed evenly by the power splitter 17.
Claims (1)
1. The wireless data transmission antenna is characterized in that each group of microstrip dipole antennas comprises a microstrip feeder line and a radiation patch, the microstrip feeder line is used for feeding the radiation patch, the width of the radiation patch is equal to the width of the microstrip feeder line, the lengths of the radiation patch and the microstrip feeder line are designed to be one half of the wavelength of a working frequency point, and the length of an overlapping area of the radiation patch and the microstrip feeder line is designed to be one quarter of the wavelength of the working frequency point; the receiving antenna adopts a loading ring antenna structure and comprises a metal conductor ring, a loading resistor and a planar reflecting plate, wherein the metal conductor ring is of a metal tube structure, the metal conductor ring is divided into two semi-rings, the loading resistor is connected in series between the two semi-rings, the resistance value is equal to the average characteristic impedance of the metal conductor ring, the two ends are feed ends, the planar reflecting plate is arranged at the back of the metal conductor ring and is used for improving the directivity coefficient of the antenna in the theta=0 direction, the theta=0 direction is perpendicular to the planar reflecting plate, and the planar reflecting plate points to the direction of the metal conductor ring; the distance between the metal conductor ring and the plane reflecting plate is set to be 0.05-0.2, wherein d is the distance between the plane reflecting plate and the metal conductor ring, and lambda is the wavelength of the working frequency point of the receiving antenna.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811007650.3A CN109216892B (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2018-08-31 | Wireless data transmission antenna for starting motor stress signal telemetry system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811007650.3A CN109216892B (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2018-08-31 | Wireless data transmission antenna for starting motor stress signal telemetry system |
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| CN109216892A CN109216892A (en) | 2019-01-15 |
| CN109216892B true CN109216892B (en) | 2024-03-12 |
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| CN114156714B (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2024-01-09 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Manufacturing method of capacitive coupling slip ring |
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| CN107764198A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-06 | 天津大学 | Engine rotor and stator blade axial gap light projection measuring device and method |
| CN208723090U (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-04-09 | 天津大学 | A kind of wireless data transmission antenna of achievable engine dynamic stress signal telemetry |
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| US8508320B2 (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2013-08-13 | General Electric Company | Antenna mounting to a rotor antenna having radial and axial air bearings |
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| CN106654556B (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2019-05-14 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of miniaturization broadband antenna suitable for 5G communication |
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2018
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| CN102074796A (en) * | 2011-01-27 | 2011-05-25 | 广东博纬通信科技有限公司 | Unidirectional linear polarized ultra-wideband antenna |
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