CN105804954A - Telemetering method and testing device of dynamic signals of rotating blades of wind driven generator - Google Patents
Telemetering method and testing device of dynamic signals of rotating blades of wind driven generator Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0658—Arrangements for fixing wind-engaging parts to a hub
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种风力机旋转叶片动态信号遥测方法及试验装置，主要涉及风力发电机组监测试验领域。包括安装在发电机机轴上的遥测主机和叶片，遥测主机自头端至尾端设有依次连接的遥测信号发射天线、信号采集主机和电池，信号采集主机的周侧安装有激光触发器和通讯数据接口，叶片上设有传感器，还包括数据采集控制模块，数据采集控制模块包括数据分析计算机、电能质量测试仪、负载箱、无线路由器、激光发射器。本发明的有益效果在于：它采用旋转叶片动态信号有线采集与无线传输相结合的方式进行测试，可进行不同来流风速下，不同转速、尖速比的控制，实现多工况、多参数采集与分析的功能。
The invention discloses a dynamic signal telemetry method and a test device of a wind turbine rotating blade, and mainly relates to the field of monitoring and testing of wind power generating sets. It includes the telemetry host and the blades installed on the generator shaft. The telemetry host is provided with a telemetry signal transmitting antenna, a signal acquisition host and a battery connected in sequence from the head end to the tail end. A laser trigger and a laser trigger are installed around the signal acquisition host. The communication data interface, the blade is equipped with a sensor, and also includes a data acquisition control module, and the data acquisition control module includes a data analysis computer, a power quality tester, a load box, a wireless router, and a laser transmitter. The beneficial effect of the present invention is that it adopts the method of combining dynamic signal acquisition and wireless transmission of rotating blades for testing, and can control different speeds and tip speed ratios under different incoming wind speeds, and realize multi-working conditions and multi-parameter acquisition and analysis functions.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及风力发电机组监测试验领域，具体是一种风力机旋转叶片动态信号遥测方法及试验装置。The invention relates to the field of monitoring and testing of wind power generating sets, in particular to a method for telemetry of dynamic signals of rotating blades of a wind power machine and a testing device.
背景技术Background technique
风力发电机从风中汲取动能，通过叶片的旋转，进而将机械能转化为电能。叶片作为风力机的主要承载部件，几乎所有的力都要通过叶片传递出去，叶片必然产生振动，承受交变动应力的作用，使叶片成为风力机上最容易破坏的部件，叶片断裂现象频现。因此，获得风力机旋转叶片动态参数的实时状态，保证风力机叶片在严酷的环境中安全、稳定、耐久的运行，成为了风电企业发展壮大的一项重要需求。Wind turbines absorb kinetic energy from the wind and convert mechanical energy into electrical energy through the rotation of the blades. The blade is the main load-bearing part of the wind turbine, and almost all the force must be transmitted through the blade. The blade will inevitably vibrate and bear the action of alternating dynamic stress, making the blade the most easily damaged part of the wind turbine, and frequent blade fractures. Therefore, obtaining the real-time status of the dynamic parameters of the wind turbine blades and ensuring the safe, stable and durable operation of the wind turbine blades in harsh environments has become an important requirement for the development and growth of wind power enterprises.
风力发电机组一般由风轮、发电机舱、调速调向机构以及塔架等组成。风力机运行过程中通过转轴将旋转风轮与发电机体的动静结合体承接。叶片状态参数试验过程中，叶片的静态参数测量的信号，可通过接触式引线方式进行；由于旋转叶片与连接的发电机体受到动静部件的空间限制，动态参数的接触式测量信号的引出是其发展的瓶颈问题。A wind turbine generally consists of a wind rotor, a generator cabin, a speed control mechanism, and a tower. During the operation of the wind turbine, the rotating shaft connects the dynamic and static combination of the rotating wind wheel and the generator body. During the blade state parameter test, the signal of the static parameter measurement of the blade can be carried out through the contact lead method; since the rotating blade and the connected generator body are limited by the space of the dynamic and static parts, the extraction of the contact measurement signal of the dynamic parameter is its development. bottleneck problem.
旋转叶片动态信号的获取，常见的方式为滑环引电法。滑环引电装置是采用了物理接触将信号引出,需要动静接触环面的接触摩擦,对滑环的材料及加工精度要求很高，由于采用动静结合面将信号导出，信号传输容易受干扰，且很难做到高转速长寿命的滑环。The common way to obtain the dynamic signal of the rotating blade is the slip ring lead-in method. The slip ring lead-in device uses physical contact to lead the signal out, which requires the contact friction of the dynamic and static contact ring surface, and has high requirements for the material and processing accuracy of the slip ring. Since the signal is led out by the dynamic and static joint surface, the signal transmission is easily disturbed. And it is difficult to achieve a high-speed and long-life slip ring.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种风力机旋转叶片动态信号遥测方法及试验装置，它采用旋转叶片动态信号有线采集与无线传输相结合的方式进行测试，并对测试点实现锁相定位，有效解决了部件空间限制的瓶颈，数据传输稳定不易受干扰，真实的检测旋转叶片运行状态参数，可进行不同来流风速下，不同转速、尖速比的控制，实现多工况、多参数采集与分析的功能。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a dynamic signal remote measurement method and test device for the rotating blade of a wind turbine, which uses a combination of wired acquisition and wireless transmission of the dynamic signal of the rotating blade for testing, and realizes phase-locked positioning of the test point, effectively solving the problem of The bottleneck of component space limitation, the data transmission is stable and not susceptible to interference, the real detection of the operating state parameters of the rotating blades, the control of different speeds and tip speed ratios under different incoming wind speeds, and the realization of multi-working conditions and multi-parameter acquisition and analysis Features.
本发明为实现上述目的，通过以下技术方案实现：In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种风力机旋转叶片动态信号试验装置，包括风力发电机组和动态信号采集装置，所述风力发电机组包括底部用于支撑的塔架、发电机及风轮，所述发电机内设有与风轮连接并通过风轮驱动发电的机轴，所述风轮包括叶片和轮毂法兰，所述叶片通过螺栓安装在轮毂法兰上，所述叶片上设有传感器，所述轮毂法兰安装在机轴上，A dynamic signal test device for rotating blades of a wind turbine, including a wind generator set and a dynamic signal acquisition device, the wind generator set includes a tower for support at the bottom, a generator and a wind wheel, and the generator is equipped with a The wind wheel is connected with the wind wheel and drives the generating shaft through the wind wheel. The wind wheel includes blades and hub flanges. The blades are mounted on the hub flanges through bolts. Sensors are arranged on the blades. crankshaft,
所述动态信号采集装置包括遥测主机和数据采集控制模块，所述遥测主机设置于机轴的首端，所述遥测主机自首端至尾端设有依次连接的遥测信号发射天线、信号采集主机和电池，所述信号采集主机的周侧安装有激光触发器和通讯数据接口，叶片上的所述传感器与通讯数据接口通过信号导线连接，The dynamic signal acquisition device includes a telemetry host and a data acquisition control module, the telemetry host is arranged at the head end of the machine shaft, and the telemetry host is provided with a telemetry signal transmitting antenna, a signal acquisition host and A battery, a laser trigger and a communication data interface are installed on the peripheral side of the signal acquisition host, and the sensor on the blade is connected to the communication data interface through a signal wire,
所述数据采集控制模块包括数据分析计算机、电能质量测试仪、负载箱、无线路由器、激光发射器，所述发电机、负载箱、电能质量测试仪和数据分析计算机依次通过导线连接，所述激光发射器对激光触发器触发，所述遥测信号发射天线通过无线路由器提供的无线信号与数据分析计算机数据连接。The data acquisition control module includes a data analysis computer, a power quality tester, a load box, a wireless router, and a laser transmitter. The generator, the load box, the power quality tester, and the data analysis computer are sequentially connected by wires, and the laser The transmitter triggers the laser trigger, and the telemetry signal transmitting antenna is connected with the data analysis computer through the wireless signal provided by the wireless router.
所述电池为锂电池，所述电池上中心对称的设有四个第一螺孔，所述信号采集主机上对应第一螺孔位置设有第二螺孔，所述第一螺孔和第二螺孔通过螺钉螺纹固定。The battery is a lithium battery, and four first screw holes are symmetrically arranged on the center of the battery, and second screw holes are arranged on the signal acquisition host corresponding to the first screw holes, and the first screw holes and the second screw holes are The two screw holes are fixed by screw threads.
所述遥测主机通过主机固定盘固定在机轴的头部一端，所述主机固定盘为圆盘形且居中的设有圆柱形凹槽，所述主机固定盘的边缘处设有与第一螺孔位置相对应的第三螺孔，所述第二螺孔、第一螺孔和第三螺孔通过主机螺钉固定，所述凹槽内设有螺栓，所述主机固定盘通过螺栓固定在发电机的转轴一端。The telemetry host is fixed on one end of the head of the machine shaft through the host fixing plate, the host fixing plate is disc-shaped and has a cylindrical groove in the center, and the edge of the host fixing plate is provided with the first screw. The third screw hole corresponding to the position of the hole, the second screw hole, the first screw hole and the third screw hole are fixed by the host screw, the groove is provided with a bolt, and the host fixed plate is fixed on the power generator by the bolt. One end of the shaft of the machine.
所述轮毂法兰居中的设有与机轴相适应的锥孔，所述锥孔固定安装在机轴上，所述轮毂法兰上中心对称的设有多组固定孔，所述叶片通过螺栓与固定孔的装配固定在轮毂法兰上。The center of the hub flange is provided with a tapered hole adapted to the crankshaft, and the taper hole is fixedly mounted on the crankshaft. The center of the hub flange is symmetrically provided with multiple sets of fixing holes, and the blades are connected by bolts. The assembly with the fixing holes is fixed on the hub flange.
所述传感器包括温度传感器、应变传感器、加速度传感器中的一种或几种。The sensors include one or more of temperature sensors, strain sensors, and acceleration sensors.
使用一种风力机旋转叶片动态信号试验装置所进行的一种风力机旋转叶片动态信号遥测方法：A dynamic signal telemetry method for a wind turbine rotor blade using a dynamic signal test device for a wind turbine rotor blade:
1)所述风轮叶片在风洞或自然风场环境下被风力驱动旋转，通过机轴带动发电机发电；1) The blades of the wind rotor are driven to rotate by wind force in a wind tunnel or natural wind field environment, and the generator is driven to generate electricity through the machine shaft;
2)所述信号采集主机上的激光触发器接收自激光发射器所发出的激光信号，遥测主机随机轴旋转，所述激光触发器每旋转一周被激光发射器进行一次信号触发，所获得的信号触发数据通过遥测信号发射天线以无线信号的形式传输至数据分析计算机进行记录和分析，在运行稳定的工况下，通过转速平均法近似计算被测风轮叶片的空间位置，实现叶片的锁相定位；2) The laser trigger on the signal acquisition host receives the laser signal sent by the laser transmitter, the telemetry host rotates on a random axis, and the laser trigger is triggered by the laser transmitter once per rotation, and the obtained signal The trigger data is transmitted to the data analysis computer in the form of a wireless signal through the telemetry signal transmitting antenna for recording and analysis. Under stable operating conditions, the spatial position of the measured wind rotor blade is approximately calculated by the speed average method to achieve phase-locking of the blade. position;
3)所述传感器测得风轮叶片在旋转中的温度、应变、加速度的动态数据，并将上述数据，通过有线方式传输至信号采集主机，采集主机获得的动态参数通过遥测信号发射天线以无线传输方式发送到数据分析计算机进行记录和分析；3) The sensor measures the dynamic data of the temperature, strain, and acceleration of the wind rotor blades during rotation, and transmits the above data to the signal acquisition host through a wired method, and the dynamic parameters obtained by the acquisition host are transmitted wirelessly through the telemetry signal transmitting antenna. The transmission method is sent to the data analysis computer for recording and analysis;
4)通过负载箱改变发电机的负载，从而调节风轮叶片的运行工况，进而获得风轮叶片在不同风速、转速及尖速比工况下的测试条件。4) Change the load of the generator through the load box to adjust the operating conditions of the wind rotor blades, and then obtain the test conditions of the wind rotor blades under different wind speeds, rotation speeds and tip speed ratios.
对比现有技术，本发明的有益效果在于：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1、采用旋转叶片动态信号有线采集与无线传输相结合的方式进行测试，有效解决了叶片与连接的发电机体受到动静部件空间限制的瓶颈。将动态信号传感器(温度、应变、加速度等)布置于被测叶片相应测点，依据传感器测试桥路具体要求，通过信号导线将传感器与遥测主机连接，实现动态信号的采集功能；由遥测信号发射天线通过wifi的形式将动态信号无线传输至数据采集控制模块，克服了传统滑环引电法信号传输容易受干扰，且很难做到高转速长寿命的滑环等问题。1. The combination of wired acquisition and wireless transmission of the dynamic signal of the rotating blade is used for testing, which effectively solves the bottleneck of the blade and the connected generator body being limited by the space of the dynamic and static components. Arrange the dynamic signal sensors (temperature, strain, acceleration, etc.) at the corresponding measuring points of the blade to be tested. According to the specific requirements of the sensor test bridge, connect the sensor with the telemetry host through the signal wire to realize the collection function of the dynamic signal; The antenna wirelessly transmits the dynamic signal to the data acquisition control module in the form of wifi, which overcomes the problems that the signal transmission of the traditional slip ring lead-in method is easily disturbed, and it is difficult to achieve high-speed and long-life slip rings.
2、通过遥测主机机体激光触发器的设置，配套相应的固定激光光源信号触发，实现被测叶片空间位置的锁相定位功能。2. Through the setting of the laser trigger on the body of the telemetry host and the triggering of the corresponding fixed laser light source signal, the phase-locked positioning function of the spatial position of the measured blade is realized.
3、采用同步协调测量的旋转叶片动态信号遥测方法，将动态信号的采集测量前移至叶片实体，真实的检测旋转叶片运行状态参数。可进行不同来流风速下，不同转速、尖速比的控制，实现多工况、多参数采集与分析的功能。3. Adopt the dynamic signal telemetry method of the rotating blade with synchronous and coordinated measurement, move the acquisition and measurement of the dynamic signal to the blade entity, and truly detect the operating state parameters of the rotating blade. It can control different speeds and tip speed ratios under different incoming wind speeds, and realize the functions of multi-working conditions and multi-parameter acquisition and analysis.
4、主机固定盘、轮毂法兰与机轴的同轴心对中装配设计，遥测主机的圆柱体结构设计，有效减小装配组件偏心引起的离心力载荷，增强旋转遥测系统测试的稳定性。4. The coaxial centering assembly design of the fixed plate of the main engine, the hub flange and the crankshaft, and the cylindrical structure design of the telemetry main engine can effectively reduce the centrifugal force load caused by the eccentricity of the assembly components and enhance the stability of the rotation telemetry system test.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图1是本发明的结构示意图。Accompanying drawing 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
附图2是本发明遥测主机的示意图。Accompanying drawing 2 is the schematic diagram of telemetering main frame of the present invention.
附图3是本发明轮毂法兰的示意图。Accompanying drawing 3 is the schematic diagram of the hub flange of the present invention.
附图4是本发明轮毂法兰的剖面图。Accompanying drawing 4 is the sectional view of hub flange of the present invention.
附图5是本发明主机固定盘的示意图。Accompanying drawing 5 is the schematic diagram of the fixed disk of the host computer of the present invention.
附图6是本发明主机固定盘的剖面图。Accompanying drawing 6 is the cross-sectional view of the host fixed plate of the present invention.
附图中所示标号：Labels shown in the accompanying drawings:
1、塔架；2、发电机；3、机轴；4、叶片；5、轮毂法兰；6、传感器；7、遥测信号发射天线；8、信号采集主机；9、电池；10、激光触发器；11、通讯数据接口；12、数据分析计算机；13、电能质量测试仪；14、负载箱；15、无线路由器；16、激光发射器；17、主机固定盘；18、凹槽；19、锥孔；20、固定孔；21、第三螺孔。1. Tower; 2. Generator; 3. Shaft; 4. Blade; 5. Hub flange; 6. Sensor; 7. Telemetry signal transmitting antenna; 8. Signal acquisition host; 9. Battery; 10. Laser trigger 11. Communication data interface; 12. Data analysis computer; 13. Power quality tester; 14. Load box; 15. Wireless router; 16. Laser transmitter; 17. Host fixed disk; 18. Groove; 19. Tapered hole; 20, fixing hole; 21, the third screw hole.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改，这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, further illustrate the present invention. It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of the present application.
本发明所述是一种风力机旋转叶片动态信号试验装置，主体结构包括风力发电机组和动态信号采集装置，所述风力发电机组包括底部用于支撑的塔架1、发电机2及风轮，所述发电机2内设有与风轮连接并通过风轮驱动发电的机轴3，所述风轮包括叶片4和轮毂法兰5，所述叶片4通过螺栓安装在轮毂法兰5上，所述叶片4上设有传感器6，所述轮毂法兰5安装在机轴3上，所述动态信号采集装置包括遥测主机和数据采集控制模块，所述遥测主机设置于机轴3的首端，所述遥测主机自首端至尾端设有依次连接的遥测信号发射天线7、信号采集主机8和电池9，所述信号采集主机8的周侧安装有激光触发器10和通讯数据接口11，叶片4上的所述传感器6与通讯数据接口11通过信号导线连接，The present invention is a dynamic signal test device for rotating blades of a wind turbine. The main structure includes a wind power generator set and a dynamic signal acquisition device. The wind power generator set includes a tower 1 for support at the bottom, a generator 2 and a wind wheel. The generator 2 is provided with a shaft 3 connected to the wind wheel and driven by the wind wheel to generate electricity. The wind wheel includes blades 4 and hub flanges 5, and the blades 4 are mounted on the hub flange 5 by bolts. The blade 4 is provided with a sensor 6, the hub flange 5 is installed on the crankshaft 3, and the dynamic signal acquisition device includes a telemetry host and a data acquisition control module, and the telemetry host is arranged at the head end of the crankshaft 3 , the telemetry host is provided with a telemetry signal transmitting antenna 7, a signal acquisition host 8 and a battery 9 connected in sequence from the head end to the tail end, and a laser trigger 10 and a communication data interface 11 are installed on the peripheral side of the signal acquisition host 8, The sensor 6 on the blade 4 is connected with the communication data interface 11 through a signal wire,
信号采集主机8：接受传感器6采集传输的被测叶片4动态参数信号；Signal acquisition host 8: receiving the dynamic parameter signal of the measured blade 4 collected and transmitted by the sensor 6;
叶片4：安装和设置监测点；Blade 4: Install and set monitoring points;
遥测信号发射天线7：将被测动态参数通过无线电的方式传输，进而实现遥测功能；Telemetry signal transmitting antenna 7: transmit the measured dynamic parameters by radio, and then realize the telemetry function;
电池9：为信号采集主机8供电；Battery 9: powers the signal acquisition host 8;
激光触发器10：以接收固定光源发出的激光信号，机体随叶片4旋转一周进行一次信号触发，在运行稳定的工况下，通过转速平均法可近似计算被测叶片4空间位置，实现叶片4的锁相定位功能；Laser trigger 10: to receive the laser signal sent by a fixed light source, the body rotates with the blade 4 to perform a signal trigger once. Under stable operating conditions, the spatial position of the measured blade 4 can be approximately calculated by the speed average method, and the blade 4 can be realized. phase lock positioning function;
通讯数据接口11：将传感系统采集的被测叶片4动态参数信号通过有线的方式传输，具有可靠的数据传输功能；Communication data interface 11: transmit the dynamic parameter signal of the measured blade 4 collected by the sensor system through wired mode, and has a reliable data transmission function;
传感器6：采用同步协调测量的旋转叶片动态信号遥测方法，将动态信号的采集测量前移至叶片4实体，真实的检测旋转叶片4运行状态参数。可进行不同来流风速下，不同转速、尖速比的控制，实现多工况、多参数采集与分析的功能。Sensor 6: The dynamic signal telemetry method of the rotating blade is adopted for synchronous and coordinated measurement, and the acquisition and measurement of the dynamic signal is moved forward to the blade 4 entity, so as to truly detect the operating state parameters of the rotating blade 4. It can control different speeds and tip speed ratios under different incoming wind speeds, and realize the functions of multi-working conditions and multi-parameter acquisition and analysis.
所述数据采集控制模块包括数据分析计算机12、电能质量测试仪13、负载箱14、无线路由器15、激光发射器16，所述发电机2、负载箱14、电能质量测试仪13和数据分析计算机12依次通过导线连接，所述激光发射器16对激光触发器10触发，所述遥测信号发射天线7通过无线路由器15提供的无线信号与数据分析计算机12数据连接。可实现相应的旋转叶片4温度、应力、加速度等参数信号测量，获得运行中旋转叶片4的动态参数的实时状态，进而掌握其结构动态性能的变化规律及调控机理。Described data acquisition control module comprises data analysis computer 12, power quality tester 13, load box 14, wireless router 15, laser transmitter 16, described generator 2, load box 14, power quality tester 13 and data analysis computer 12 are sequentially connected by wires, the laser transmitter 16 triggers the laser trigger 10, and the telemetry signal transmitting antenna 7 is connected to the data analysis computer 12 through the wireless signal provided by the wireless router 15. It can realize the corresponding temperature, stress, acceleration and other parameter signal measurement of the rotating blade 4, obtain the real-time status of the dynamic parameters of the rotating blade 4 in operation, and then grasp the change rule and regulation mechanism of its structural dynamic performance.
数据分析计算机12：配套软件，进行数据采集处理及分析；Data analysis computer 12: supporting software for data collection, processing and analysis;
电能质量测试仪13：可实现风力发电系统的电流、电压等电能质量评估；Power quality tester 13: It can realize the power quality evaluation of wind power generation system such as current and voltage;
负载箱14：用来改变发电机的负载，从而调节叶片4的转速，进而获得叶片4在不同风速、转速及尖速比工况下的测试条件；Load box 14: used to change the load of the generator, thereby adjusting the speed of the blade 4, and then obtain the test conditions of the blade 4 under different wind speeds, speeds and tip speed ratios;
无线路由器15：接受遥测信号发射天线7的测试信号，进行测试参数信号的无线传输；Wireless router 15: receiving the test signal from the telemetry signal transmitting antenna 7, and performing wireless transmission of the test parameter signal;
激光发射器16：发射激光信号，与遥测主机的激光触发器10配套使用，旋转一周触发一次，实现叶片4空间锁向定位功能；Laser transmitter 16: emits laser signals, used in conjunction with the laser trigger 10 of the telemetry host, and triggers once for one revolution to realize the space locking and positioning function of the blade 4;
所述电池9为锂电池9，所述电池9上中心对称的设有四个第一螺孔，所述信号采集主机8上对应第一螺孔位置设有第二螺孔，所述第一螺孔和第二螺孔通过螺钉螺纹固定。固定效果好，易于拆装。The battery 9 is a lithium battery 9, and four first screw holes are symmetrically arranged on the center of the battery 9. The signal acquisition host 8 is provided with a second screw hole corresponding to the position of the first screw hole. The screw hole and the second screw hole are fixed by screw threads. Good fixing effect, easy to disassemble.
所述遥测主机为圆柱形且通过主机固定盘17固定在机轴3的头部一端，圆柱体的设计有助于减小旋转过程中气流阻力。所述主机固定盘17为圆盘形且居中的设有圆柱形凹槽18，所述主机固定盘17的边缘处设有与第一螺孔位置相对应的第三螺孔21，所述第二螺孔、第一螺孔和第三螺孔21通过主机螺钉固定，所述凹槽18内设有螺栓，螺栓面嵌入主机固定盘17的凹槽18内，防止螺栓头部凸起影响装配效果。所述主机固定盘17通过螺栓固定在发电机2的转轴一端。对中装配设计有效减小装配组件偏心引起的离心力载荷，增强稳定性。The telemetry host is cylindrical and fixed on the head end of the crankshaft 3 through the host fixing plate 17, and the design of the cylinder helps to reduce airflow resistance during rotation. The main machine fixed plate 17 is disc-shaped and is provided with a cylindrical groove 18 in the center, and the edge of the main machine fixed plate 17 is provided with a third screw hole 21 corresponding to the position of the first screw hole. The two screw holes, the first screw hole and the third screw hole 21 are fixed by the screws of the main engine. Bolts are arranged in the groove 18, and the bolt surface is embedded in the groove 18 of the main engine fixing plate 17, so as to prevent the protrusion of the bolt head from affecting the assembly. Effect. The main engine fixing plate 17 is fixed on one end of the rotating shaft of the generator 2 by bolts. The centered assembly design effectively reduces the centrifugal force load caused by the eccentricity of assembly components and enhances stability.
所述轮毂法兰5居中的设有与机轴3相适应的锥孔19，所述锥孔19固定安装在机轴3上，实现与机转轴连接的紧密性。所述轮毂法兰5上中心对称的设有多组固定孔20，所述叶片4通过螺栓与固定孔20的装配固定在轮毂法兰5上。对中装配设计有效减小装配组件偏心引起的离心力载荷，增强稳定性。The center of the hub flange 5 is provided with a tapered hole 19 compatible with the crankshaft 3, and the tapered hole 19 is fixedly mounted on the crankshaft 3 to realize the tightness of the connection with the crankshaft. The hub flange 5 is center-symmetrically provided with a plurality of sets of fixing holes 20 , and the blade 4 is fixed on the hub flange 5 through the assembly of bolts and fixing holes 20 . The centered assembly design effectively reduces the centrifugal force load caused by the eccentricity of assembly components and enhances stability.
所述传感器6包括温度传感器6、应变传感器6、加速度传感器6中的一种或几种。用以实现对被测叶片4动态参数信号(温度、应变、加速度等)的测试。The sensor 6 includes one or more of a temperature sensor 6 , a strain sensor 6 and an acceleration sensor 6 . It is used to realize the test of the dynamic parameter signal (temperature, strain, acceleration, etc.) of the blade 4 under test.
本发明所述是使用一种风力机旋转叶片动态信号试验装置所进行的遥测方法：Described in the present invention is the telemetry method that uses a kind of wind turbine rotating blade dynamic signal test device to carry out:
1)所述风轮叶片4在风洞或自然风场环境下被风力驱动旋转，通过机轴3带动发电机2发电；1) The wind rotor blade 4 is driven to rotate by wind force in a wind tunnel or natural wind field environment, and the generator 2 is driven to generate electricity through the shaft 3;
2)所述信号采集主机8上的激光触发器10接收自激光发射器16所发出的激光信号，遥测主机随机轴3旋转，所述激光触发器10每旋转一周被激光发射器16进行一次信号触发，所获得的信号触发数据通过遥测信号发射天线7以无线信号的形式传输至数据分析计算机12进行记录和分析，在运行稳定的工况下，通过转速平均法近似计算被测风轮叶片4的空间位置，实现叶片4的锁相定位；2) The laser trigger 10 on the signal acquisition host 8 receives the laser signal sent by the laser transmitter 16, and the telemetry host rotates on the random axis 3, and the laser trigger 10 is signaled by the laser transmitter 16 every revolution. Triggering, the obtained signal triggering data is transmitted to the data analysis computer 12 in the form of a wireless signal through the telemetry signal transmitting antenna 7 for recording and analysis. The spatial position of the blade 4 is realized to achieve phase-locked positioning;
3)所述传感器6测得风轮叶片4在旋转中的温度、应变、加速度的动态数据，并将上述数据，通过有线方式传输至信号采集主机8，采集主机获得的动态参数通过遥测信号发射天线7以无线传输方式发送到数据分析计算机12进行记录和分析；3) The sensor 6 measures the dynamic data of the temperature, strain, and acceleration of the wind rotor blade 4 during rotation, and transmits the above data to the signal acquisition host 8 through a wired method, and the dynamic parameters obtained by the acquisition host are transmitted through a telemetry signal Antenna 7 sends to data analysis computer 12 with wireless transmission mode and records and analyzes;
4)通过负载箱14改变发电机的负载，从而调节风轮叶片4的运行工况，进而获得风轮叶片4在不同风速、转速及尖速比工况下的测试条件。4) Change the load of the generator through the load box 14, thereby adjusting the operating conditions of the rotor blades 4, and then obtain the test conditions of the rotor blades 4 under different wind speeds, rotation speeds and tip speed ratios.
本发明采用旋转叶片4动态信号有线采集与无线传输相结合的方式进行测试，有效解决了叶片4与连接的发电机2体受到动静部件空间限制的瓶颈。将动态信号传感器6(温度、应变、加速度等)布置于被测叶片4相应测点，依据传感器6测试桥路具体要求，通过导线将传感器6与遥测主机连接，实现动态信号的采集功能；由遥测信号发射天线7通过wifi的形式将动态信号无线传输至数据采集控制模块，克服了传统滑环引电法信号传输容易受干扰，且很难做到高转速长寿命的滑环等问题。The present invention adopts the combination of wired collection and wireless transmission of the dynamic signal of the rotating blade 4 for testing, which effectively solves the bottleneck that the blade 4 and the connected generator 2 are limited by the space of the dynamic and static components. The dynamic signal sensor 6 (temperature, strain, acceleration, etc.) is arranged at the corresponding measuring point of the blade 4 to be tested, and according to the specific requirements of the sensor 6 test bridge, the sensor 6 is connected with the telemetry host through a wire to realize the acquisition function of the dynamic signal; The telemetry signal transmitting antenna 7 wirelessly transmits the dynamic signal to the data acquisition control module in the form of wifi, which overcomes the problems that the signal transmission of the traditional slip ring induction method is easily disturbed, and it is difficult to achieve a high-speed and long-life slip ring.
实施例1：本发明所述是一种风力机旋转叶片动态信号试验装置，主体结构包括风力发电机组和动态信号采集装置，所述风力发电机组包括底部用于支撑的塔架1、发电机2及风轮，所述发电机2内设有与风轮连接并通过风轮驱动发电的机轴3，所述风轮包括叶片4和轮毂法兰5，所述轮毂法兰5居中的设有与机轴3相适应的锥孔19，所述锥孔19固定安装在机轴3上，所述轮毂法兰5上中心对称的设有多组固定孔20，所述叶片4通过螺栓与固定孔20的装配固定在轮毂法兰5上。所述叶片4上设有传感器6，所述传感器6包括温度传感器6、应变传感器6和加速度传感器6。通过通讯线与通讯数据接口11连接，根据被测风力机叶片4动态参数信号(温度、应变、加速度等)具体形式，进行相应通讯线及适合的测试桥路的选用，实现信号采集与传输功能。所述发电机22的尾部还设有尾舵，通过旋转风轮带动机转轴旋转实现线圈发电功能。Embodiment 1: The present invention is a dynamic signal test device for rotating blades of a wind turbine. The main structure includes a wind power generator set and a dynamic signal acquisition device. The wind power generator set includes a tower 1 for support at the bottom, a generator 2 And the wind wheel, the generator 2 is provided with a shaft 3 connected with the wind wheel and driven by the wind wheel to generate electricity, the wind wheel includes blades 4 and hub flanges 5, and the center of the hub flange 5 is provided with A tapered hole 19 compatible with the crankshaft 3, the tapered hole 19 is fixedly mounted on the crankshaft 3, and a plurality of sets of fixing holes 20 are symmetrically arranged on the center of the hub flange 5, and the blade 4 is fixed by bolts and The fitting of the bore 20 is fixed on the hub flange 5 . The blade 4 is provided with a sensor 6 , and the sensor 6 includes a temperature sensor 6 , a strain sensor 6 and an acceleration sensor 6 . Connect with the communication data interface 11 through the communication line, and select the corresponding communication line and suitable test bridge according to the specific form of the dynamic parameter signal (temperature, strain, acceleration, etc.) of the wind turbine blade 4 to realize the signal acquisition and transmission function . The tail portion of the generator 22 is also provided with a tail rudder, and the coil power generation function is realized by rotating the wind turbine to drive the shaft of the generator to rotate.
所述动态信号采集装置包括遥测主机和数据采集控制模块，所述遥测主机设置于机轴3的首端，且通过主机固定盘17固定在机轴3的头部一端，所述主机固定盘17为圆盘形且居中的设有圆柱形凹槽18，所述主机固定盘17的边缘处设有与第一螺孔位置相对应的第三螺孔21，所述第二螺孔、第一螺孔和第三螺孔21通过主机螺钉固定，所述凹槽18内设有螺栓，所述主机固定盘17通过螺栓固定在发电机2的转轴一端。The dynamic signal acquisition device comprises a telemetry host and a data acquisition control module, the telemetry host is arranged on the head end of the crankshaft 3, and is fixed on the head end of the crankshaft 3 by the host fixed plate 17, the host fixed plate 17 It is disc-shaped and centrally provided with a cylindrical groove 18, and the edge of the host fixing plate 17 is provided with a third screw hole 21 corresponding to the position of the first screw hole, the second screw hole, the first screw hole The screw hole and the third screw hole 21 are fixed by the main engine screw, the groove 18 is provided with a bolt, and the main engine fixing plate 17 is fixed on one end of the rotating shaft of the generator 2 by the bolt.
所述遥测主机自首端至尾端设有依次连接的遥测信号发射天线7、信号采集主机8和电池9，所述信号采集主机8的周侧安装有激光触发器10和通讯数据接口11，叶片4上的所述传感器6与通讯数据接口11通过信号导线连接，所述电池9为锂电池9，所述电池9上中心对称的设有四个第一螺孔，所述信号采集主机8上对应第一螺孔位置设有第二螺孔，所述第一螺孔和第二螺孔通过螺钉螺纹固定。The telemetry host is provided with a telemetry signal transmitting antenna 7, a signal acquisition host 8 and a battery 9 connected in sequence from the head end to the tail end, and a laser trigger 10 and a communication data interface 11 are installed on the peripheral side of the signal acquisition host 8. The sensor 6 on the 4 is connected to the communication data interface 11 through a signal wire, the battery 9 is a lithium battery 9, and the center of the battery 9 is symmetrically provided with four first screw holes, and the signal acquisition host 8 A second screw hole is provided corresponding to the position of the first screw hole, and the first screw hole and the second screw hole are fixed by screw threads.
所述数据采集控制模块包括数据分析计算机12、电能质量测试仪13、负载箱14、无线路由器15、激光发射器16，所述发电机2、负载箱14、电能质量测试仪13和数据分析计算机12依次通过导线连接，所述激光发射器16对激光触发器10触发，所述遥测信号发射天线7通过无线路由器15提供的无线信号与数据分析计算机12数据连接。Described data acquisition control module comprises data analysis computer 12, power quality tester 13, load box 14, wireless router 15, laser transmitter 16, described generator 2, load box 14, power quality tester 13 and data analysis computer 12 are sequentially connected by wires, the laser transmitter 16 triggers the laser trigger 10, and the telemetry signal transmitting antenna 7 is connected to the data analysis computer 12 through the wireless signal provided by the wireless router 15.
实施例2：本发明所述是使用一种风力机旋转叶片动态信号试验装置所进行的遥测方法：Embodiment 2: The present invention describes a telemetry method using a dynamic signal test device for rotating blades of a wind turbine:
1)所述风轮叶片4在风洞或自然风场环境下被风力驱动旋转，通过机轴3带动发电机2发电；1) The wind rotor blade 4 is driven to rotate by wind force in a wind tunnel or natural wind field environment, and the generator 2 is driven to generate electricity through the shaft 3;
2)所述信号采集主机8上的激光触发器10接收自激光发射器16所发出的激光信号，遥测主机随机轴3旋转，所述激光触发器10每旋转一周被激光发射器16进行一次信号触发，所获得的信号触发数据通过遥测信号发射天线7以无线信号的形式传输至数据分析计算机12进行记录和分析，在运行稳定的工况下，通过转速平均法近似计算被测风轮叶片4的空间位置，实现叶片4的锁相定位；2) The laser trigger 10 on the signal acquisition host 8 receives the laser signal sent by the laser transmitter 16, and the telemetry host rotates on the random axis 3, and the laser trigger 10 is signaled by the laser transmitter 16 every revolution. Triggering, the obtained signal triggering data is transmitted to the data analysis computer 12 in the form of a wireless signal through the telemetry signal transmitting antenna 7 for recording and analysis. The spatial position of the blade 4 is realized to achieve phase-locked positioning;
3)所述传感器6测得风轮叶片4在旋转中的温度、应变、加速度的动态数据，并将上述数据，通过有线方式传输至信号采集主机8，采集主机获得的动态参数通过遥测信号发射天线7以无线传输方式发送到数据分析计算机12进行记录和分析；3) The sensor 6 measures the dynamic data of the temperature, strain, and acceleration of the wind rotor blade 4 during rotation, and transmits the above data to the signal acquisition host 8 through a wired method, and the dynamic parameters obtained by the acquisition host are transmitted through a telemetry signal Antenna 7 sends to data analysis computer 12 with wireless transmission mode and records and analyzes;
4)通过负载箱14改变发电机的负载，从而调节风轮叶片4的运行工况，进而获得风轮叶片4在不同风速、转速及尖速比工况下的测试条件。4) Change the load of the generator through the load box 14, thereby adjusting the operating conditions of the rotor blades 4, and then obtain the test conditions of the rotor blades 4 under different wind speeds, rotation speeds and tip speed ratios.
Claims (6)
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| CN108194279A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-22 | 广州市风力新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of testing device for wind driven generator and method |
| CN106224174B (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2018-08-24 | 内蒙古工业大学 | The more field parameters synchronous monitoring systems of wind energy conversion system |
| CN108757340A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-06 | 浙江运达风电股份有限公司 | A kind of high speed shaft of aerogenerator real-time status of the operation monitoring method and system |
| CN108757305A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-06 | 浙江运达风电股份有限公司 | A kind of high speed shaft of aerogenerator dynamic centering monitoring method and system |
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| CN108757340A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-06 | 浙江运达风电股份有限公司 | A kind of high speed shaft of aerogenerator real-time status of the operation monitoring method and system |
| CN108757305A (en) * | 2018-04-25 | 2018-11-06 | 浙江运达风电股份有限公司 | A kind of high speed shaft of aerogenerator dynamic centering monitoring method and system |
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| CN109297625B (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2020-11-20 | 西北工业大学 | Dynamic pressure measurement system on rotor blade surface based on phase locking method |
| CN108799013A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-13 | 内蒙古工业大学 | A kind of device and its measurement method measuring wind energy conversion system Unsteady Flow |
| CN108983148A (en) * | 2018-07-30 | 2018-12-11 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | A kind of pivoting microphone array apparatus for auditory localization |
| CN109216892A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-15 | 天津大学 | A kind of wireless data transmission antenna for engine dynamic stress signal telemetry system |
| CN109216892B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2024-03-12 | 天津大学 | Wireless data transmission antenna for starting motor stress signal telemetry system |
| CN110469460A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-19 | 北京汉能华科技股份有限公司 | A kind of fault detection method and system of wind-driven generator |
| CN110594105A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2019-12-20 | 扬州大学 | Measuring device for aerodynamic characteristics of small-power wind turbines suitable for wind tunnel tests |
| CN110594105B (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-08-11 | 扬州大学 | Aerodynamic characteristics measurement device of small power wind turbine suitable for wind tunnel test |
| CN113670597A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-11-19 | 石家庄钢铁有限责任公司 | Rotating machinery working condition data acquisition system |
| CN117514646A (en) * | 2023-11-22 | 2024-02-06 | 辽宁高比科技有限公司 | Dynamic inspection analysis method and system for ground type fan blade |
| CN117514646B (en) * | 2023-11-22 | 2024-06-07 | 辽宁高比科技有限公司 | Dynamic inspection analysis method and system for ground type fan blade |
| CN118962175A (en) * | 2024-07-15 | 2024-11-15 | 华夏天信智能物联(大连)有限公司 | Method for measuring wind speed based on rotation speed difference |
| CN118962175B (en) * | 2024-07-15 | 2025-06-10 | 华夏天信智能物联(大连)有限公司 | Method for measuring wind speed based on rotation speed difference |
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