CN109211657B - Railway ballast direct shearing device - Google Patents
Railway ballast direct shearing device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109211657B CN109211657B CN201811141236.1A CN201811141236A CN109211657B CN 109211657 B CN109211657 B CN 109211657B CN 201811141236 A CN201811141236 A CN 201811141236A CN 109211657 B CN109211657 B CN 109211657B
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- driving device
- shearing
- box
- shearing box
- ballast
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/32—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying repeated or pulsating forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0005—Repeated or cyclic
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0284—Bulk material, e.g. powders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
Abstract
The invention provides a ballast direct shearing device, and relates to the field of rail transit. Because the vibration exciter is installed at the top of the upper shearing box, the first driving device is connected with the vibration exciter, when the first driving device drives the upper shearing box to move in the vertical direction to shear the particle aggregate, the vibration exciter can be driven to apply vertical vibration with different amplitudes and frequencies to the upper shearing box, and because the second driving device is a variable-frequency driving device, the second driving device is connected with the lower shearing box through a connecting block, and when the second driving device is used, the lower shearing box can apply different speeds or different acceleration drives to horizontally move the lower shearing box. Through the two coupling actions, the direct shear performance test of the ballast group can be carried out by applying vibration load in the vertical direction; and applying a cyclic load or a variable frequency load horizontally, thereby determining the change size of particles, the force transmission rule and the deformation rule after different external loads act on the ballast group.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of rail transit, in particular to a ballast direct shearing device.
Background
The railway ballast is used for paving coarse gravel or crushed stone of a highway or railway roadbed or a railway bed, and is mainly used for a railway foundation bed or a railway bed. The ballast is used for bearing broken stones of a track sleeper in a railway transportation system and is a common track bed structure. In the engineering, before the rails are laid, a layer of broken stones is laid on the roadbed, then the broken stones are compacted, and then sleepers and the rails are laid. The railway ballast can be used for easily adjusting the position of the railway track and draining water, and meanwhile, the railway ballast disperses the weight of the train and the railway track on the roadbed, so that the vibration and the noise caused by the passing of the train can be reduced, and the riding comfort degree of passengers is increased.
In the prior art, a direct shear test of a railway ballast is carried out by using a direct shear apparatus. Generally, when a railway ballast direct shear test is carried out, an upper shear box in a direct shear apparatus is kept fixed in the horizontal direction, and a certain constant vertical force is applied to the upper shear box so as to compact railway ballast particles in the upper shear box and the lower shear box; and then according to different test requirements, horizontal transverse forces of different sizes are applied to the lower shearing box, so that tests such as fast shearing or slow shearing of the granular aggregate are realized. The traditional direct shear test of the railway ballast cannot reflect the direct shear performance of the railway ballast group under the actual vertical vibration load condition; the shearing performance of the ballast group under the condition of circular shearing or variable force shearing cannot be reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a ballast direct shearing device, which aims to solve the problems.
The ballast direct shearing device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises an upper shearing box, a lower shearing box, a main control chip, a first driving device, a vibration exciter and a second driving device, wherein the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box are oppositely arranged up and down to form a shearing seam to form a shearing box device, the vibration exciter is installed at the top of the upper shearing box, the first driving device is connected with the vibration exciter and is used for driving a loading plate in the upper shearing box to vertically move, the first driving device and the second driving device are variable-frequency driving devices, the second driving device is connected with the lower shearing box and is used for driving the lower shearing box to horizontally move, the main control chip is respectively and electrically connected with the first driving device and the second driving device, and a first load sensor is installed at the joint of the vibration exciter and the first driving device, the first load sensor is electrically connected with the main control chip, a second load sensor is installed between the lower shearing box and the second driving device, and the second load sensor is electrically connected with the main control chip.
Further, a plurality of pressure sensors are arranged in the shearing box device and electrically connected with the main control chip, and the pressure sensors are located in different areas in the shearing box device.
Further, a plurality of pressure sensors are evenly distributed in different areas within the shear box device.
Furthermore, the second driving device is connected with the lower shearing box through a connecting block, and a second load sensor is installed at the connecting position of the connecting block and the second driving device.
Further, the ballast direct shearing device further comprises a shearing seam adjusting device, and the shearing seam adjusting device is installed at the joint of the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box.
Further, the lower shear box has a volume greater than the volume of the upper shear box.
Further, the ballast direct shearing device further comprises a guide rail and a guide rail mounting assembly, wherein the guide rail is mounted on the lower shearing box through the guide rail mounting assembly and is conducted with the lower shearing box.
Further, the ballast direct shearing device further comprises a load frame, and the first driving device, the second driving device and the guide rail are all installed in the load frame.
Furthermore, the outer bottom of the load frame is provided with foundation bolts.
Furthermore, a fixed ejector is arranged on one side, opposite to the first driving device, of the load frame, and the fixed ejector, the shearing box device and the second driving device correspond to each other in position.
The ballast direct shearing device provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: because the vibration exciter is installed at the top of the upper shearing box, the first driving device is connected with the vibration exciter, when the first driving device drives the upper shearing box to move in the vertical direction to shear the particle aggregate, the vibration exciter can be driven to apply vertical vibration with different amplitudes and frequencies to the upper shearing box, and because the second driving device is a variable-frequency driving device, the second driving device is connected with the lower shearing box through a connecting block, and when the second driving device is used, the lower shearing box can apply different speeds or different acceleration drives to horizontally move the lower shearing box. Through the two coupling actions, the direct shear performance test of the ballast group can be carried out by applying vibration load in the vertical direction; and (3) carrying out direct shear performance test on the ballast group under the condition of horizontally applying cyclic load or variable frequency load, namely under the condition of horizontally applying different speeds or different accelerations, thereby determining the particle change size, the force transmission rule and the deformation rule after different external loads act on the ballast group.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a ballast direct shearing device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit connection block diagram of the ballast direct shearing device according to the embodiment of the invention.
Icon: 101-upper cutting box; 102-lower shear box; 103-a main control chip; 104-a first drive; 105-a vibration exciter; 106-a second drive; 107-a first load cell; 108-a second load sensor; 109-a pressure sensor; 110-shear seam adjusting means; 111-a guide rail; 112-a rail mount assembly; 113-a load frame; 114-anchor bolts; 115-fixed plug; 116-a connection block; 117 — load plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships that are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention conventionally put into use, or the orientations or positional relationships that the persons skilled in the art conventionally understand, are only used for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically connected or connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Examples
The embodiment of the invention provides a ballast direct shearing device which is used for shearing granular aggregates. The ballast direct shearing device comprises an upper shearing box 101, a lower shearing box 102, a main control chip 103, a first driving device 104, a vibration exciter 105 and a second driving device 106. The upper shearing box 101 and the lower shearing box 102 are arranged up and down oppositely to form a shearing seam to form a shearing box device, in the embodiment, the volume of the lower shearing box 102 is larger than that of the upper shearing box 101, so that the size of a shearing surface in the direct shearing process can be ensured to be unchanged. When the shearing operation is carried out, the material is positioned in the shearing box device. In addition, a loading plate 117 is installed between the upper shear box 101 and the exciter 105, and the force output from the first driving device 104 and the exciter 105 does not directly act on the upper shear box 101 but acts on the loading plate 117 and is output to the ballast through the loading plate 117.
An exciter 105 is mounted on the top of the upper shear box 101, and a first driving device 104 is connected to the exciter 105 for driving the vertical movement of the loading plate 117 inside the upper shear box 101. In addition, the vibration exciter 105(vibration exciter) is a device attached to some machines and equipments for generating an exciting force, and is an important part using mechanical vibration. The exciter 105 can obtain a certain form and magnitude of vibration of the object to be excited, thereby performing vibration and strength tests on the object. In this embodiment, the vibration exciter 105 is configured to apply vertical vibrations of different amplitudes and frequencies to the shear box apparatus. The first driving device 104 and the second driving device 106 are frequency conversion driving devices and are used for driving the lower cutting box 102 to move horizontally, and the main control chip 103 is electrically connected with the first driving device 104 and the second driving device 106 respectively. The main control chip 103 is used for controlling the operation of the first driving device 104 and the second driving device 106.
A first load sensor 107 is installed at the connection position of the vibration exciter 105 and the first driving device 104, and the first load sensor 107 is electrically connected with the main control chip 103. The first load sensor 107 can collect first pressure information applied to the upper shearing box 101 by the first driving device 104 during operation and transmit the first pressure information to the main control chip 103 for processing, and the main control chip 103 can process and transmit the first pressure information to the intelligent terminal for displaying, so that a user can understand potential relation between the first pressure information and the performance of the granular aggregate.
A second load sensor 108 is installed between the lower shear box 102 and the second driving device 106, specifically, the second driving device 106 is connected with the lower shear box 102 through a connection block 116, the second load sensor 108 is installed at the connection position of the connection block 116 and the second driving device 106, and the second load sensor 108 is electrically connected with the main control chip 103. The second load sensor 108 can collect second pressure information applied to the upper shearing box 101 by the first driving device 104 during operation and transmit the second pressure information to the main control chip 103 for processing, and the main control chip 103 can process and transmit the second pressure information to the intelligent terminal for displaying, so that a user can understand potential relation between the second pressure information and the performance of the granular aggregate.
A plurality of pressure sensors 109 are arranged in the shearing box device, the pressure sensors 109 are electrically connected with the main control chip 103, and the pressure sensors 109 are positioned in different areas such as the upper surface, the lower surface and the periphery in the shearing box device. Preferably, the plurality of pressure sensors 109 are evenly distributed over different areas within the shear box apparatus. The pressure sensors 109 can collect third pressure information of the upper shearing box 101 and the lower shearing box 102 at each time of each position in the shearing process and transmit the third pressure information to the main control chip 103 for processing, and the main control chip 103 can process and transmit the third pressure information to the intelligent terminal for displaying, so that a user can understand potential relation between the third pressure information and the performance of the granular aggregate.
The ballast direct shearing device further comprises a shearing seam adjusting device 110, and the shearing seam adjusting device 110 is installed at the connecting position of the upper shearing box 101 and the lower shearing box 102. The user adjusts the cutting distance between the upper shearing box 101 and the lower shearing box 102 through the shearing seam adjusting device 110 according to the particle sizes of different test samples and according to requirements.
The railway ballast direct shearing device further comprises a guide rail 111 and a guide rail mounting assembly, and the guide rail 111 is mounted on the lower shearing box 102 through the guide rail mounting assembly and is communicated with the lower shearing box 102. Wherein, the rail mounting component can adopt a raceway floor combination for assisting the mounting of the rail 111. The user can load material into the shear box assembly via the guide 111.
In addition, the ballast direct shearing device further comprises a load frame 113, and the first driving device 104, the second driving device 106 and the guide rail 111 are all installed in the load frame 113. The outer bottom of the load frame 113 is mounted with anchor bolts 114. The anchor bolts 114 are used to fix the load frame 113 to the ground.
The load frame 113 is provided with a fixed head 115 on the side opposite to the first drive means 104. The fixed ram 115, the shear box arrangement and the second drive arrangement 106 correspond in position. The fixed top head 115 is used for bearing force and fixing the upper shear box 101 not to move in the shearing process.
In summary, according to the ballast direct shearing device provided by the invention, the vibration exciter is installed at the top of the upper shearing box, the first driving device is connected with the vibration exciter, when the first driving device drives the upper shearing box to move in the vertical direction to shear the granular aggregate, the vibration exciter can be driven to apply vertical vibration with different amplitudes and frequencies to the upper shearing box, and the second driving device is a variable frequency driving device and is connected with the lower shearing box through a connecting block, so that the second driving device can apply different speeds or different accelerations to the lower shearing box to drive the lower shearing box to move horizontally. Through the two coupling actions, the direct shear performance test of the ballast group can be carried out by applying vibration load in the vertical direction; and (3) carrying out direct shear performance test on the ballast group under the condition of horizontally applying cyclic load or variable frequency load, namely under the condition of horizontally applying different speeds or different accelerations, thereby determining the particle change size, the force transmission rule and the deformation rule after different external loads act on the ballast group.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The ballast direct shearing device is characterized by comprising an upper shearing box, a lower shearing box, a master control chip, a first driving device, a vibration exciter and a second driving device, wherein the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box are oppositely arranged from top to bottom to form a shearing seam to form a shearing box device, the vibration exciter is installed at the top of the upper shearing box, a loading plate is installed between the upper shearing box and the vibration exciter, the first driving device is connected with the vibration exciter and is used for driving the loading plate in the upper shearing box to vertically move, the first driving device and the second driving device are variable-frequency driving devices, the second driving device is connected with the lower shearing box and is used for driving the lower shearing box to horizontally move, and the master control chip is respectively electrically connected with the first driving device and the second driving device, a first load sensor is arranged at the joint of the vibration exciter and the first driving device and is electrically connected with the main control chip, a second load sensor is arranged between the lower shearing box and the second driving device and is electrically connected with the main control chip; the shearing box device is internally provided with a plurality of pressure sensors, the pressure sensors are electrically connected with the main control chip, and the pressure sensors are positioned in different areas in the shearing box device.
2. The ballast direct shearing device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of pressure sensors are evenly distributed in different areas within the shear box device.
3. The ballast direct shearing device according to claim 1, wherein the second driving device is connected to the lower shearing box through a connecting block, and a second load sensor is installed at a connection position of the connecting block and the second driving device.
4. The ballast direct shearing device according to claim 1, further comprising a shear seam adjusting device installed at a connection between the upper shear box and the lower shear box.
5. The ballast direct shearing device according to claim 1, wherein the volume of the lower shearing box is larger than the volume of the upper shearing box.
6. The ballast direct shearing device according to claim 1, further comprising a guide rail and a guide rail mounting assembly, wherein the guide rail is mounted on the lower shearing box through the guide rail mounting assembly and conducted with the lower shearing box.
7. The ballast direct shearing device according to claim 6, further comprising a load frame, wherein the first driving device, the second driving device and the guide rail are all mounted in the load frame.
8. The ballast direct shearing device according to claim 7, wherein anchor bolts are mounted at the outer bottom of the load frame.
9. The ballast direct shearing device according to claim 7, wherein a fixed top is provided at a side of the load frame opposite to the first driving device, and the fixed top, the shearing box device and the second driving device correspond in position.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811141236.1A CN109211657B (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2018-09-28 | Railway ballast direct shearing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811141236.1A CN109211657B (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2018-09-28 | Railway ballast direct shearing device |
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| CN109211657A CN109211657A (en) | 2019-01-15 |
| CN109211657B true CN109211657B (en) | 2020-05-19 |
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| CN110455644A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-11-15 | 武汉理工大学 | The shearing test device of the two-way exciting of the soil body |
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| CN203365229U (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-12-25 | 上海大学 | Large interface characteristic direct shear apparatus applying cyclic load |
| CN104596868B (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2017-03-01 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of shift shaft type rubble railway ballast direct shear apparatus |
| CN106840810B (en) * | 2017-04-12 | 2018-05-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of ring shear test and preparation of soil sample device suitable for vertical shearing face |
| CN107101899B (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2020-09-29 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Soil body high-frequency vibration direct shear apparatus for monitoring horizontal acceleration and use method thereof |
| CN107167387A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-09-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of landslide slip rheological test instrument and landslide slip rheological test method |
| CN207662742U (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-27 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of rubble railway ballast direct shear test instrument |
| CN108398338B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-04-19 | 河海大学 | It is a kind of can temperature control geomembrane and soil contact face shearing test device and test method |
| CN108444816B (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2024-04-02 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Rock mass structural plane cyclic shear tester and test method |
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