CN109210607B - Normal-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating device - Google Patents

Normal-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating device Download PDF

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CN109210607B
CN109210607B CN201810927035.8A CN201810927035A CN109210607B CN 109210607 B CN109210607 B CN 109210607B CN 201810927035 A CN201810927035 A CN 201810927035A CN 109210607 B CN109210607 B CN 109210607B
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pipe
evaporation
wall
heating device
liquid
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CN109210607A (en
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纪献兵
代超
徐进良
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North China Electric Power University
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North China Electric Power University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D15/00—Other domestic- or space-heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • F28D15/043—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure forming loops, e.g. capillary pumped loops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/06—Control arrangements therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/14—Solar energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Central Heating Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a normal-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heat supply method and a normal-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heat supply device. The evaporation system is mainly used for absorbing heat and vaporizing liquid, the condensation system is used for condensing steam and supplying heat, and the evaporation system and the condensation system are connected through a steam discharge pipe and a liquid return pipe to form a loop heat pipe. The device does not need to be vacuumized, forms a liquid seal with the water tank through the pressure balance pipeline, operates under normal pressure and discharges non-condensable gas during work. The invention applies the loop heat pipe to the solar heating device and works under normal pressure, thereby not only ensuring high-efficiency heating efficiency, but also avoiding the problem of high cost caused by vacuum pumping, and the invention has simple structure, compact design, safety, lightness and provides a method and a means for effectively utilizing solar energy.

Description

Normal-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar heat supply, and particularly relates to a normal-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heat supply device.
Background
With the development and progress of science and technology, people put forward various requirements on energy utilization such as high efficiency, environmental protection, reproducibility and the like. Renewable energy sources such as solar energy and wind energy are required to be utilized more, and energy conversion efficiency is required to be improved more.
According to statistics, as a huge renewable energy source, in China, the solar energy can reach 5 × 1019The method has the advantages of thousands of cokes per year, inexhaustible natural advantages, and meeting the requirement of environmental protection, thereby having wide development prospect.
The loop heat pipe is used as a heat exchange device, heat is transferred by means of phase change and circulation of a working medium, external mechanical power is not needed, operation is reliable, the loop heat pipe becomes an ideal device for efficient heat exchange after years of improvement, and a wide development prospect is shown.
In recent years, loop heat pipes have been applied to solar heating devices, but because of the need of vacuum-pumping, there are usually problems of high technical and maintenance costs, complex system, unstable operation, etc.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a new loop heat pipe type solar heating apparatus to overcome the various defects in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome a series of defects in the prior art, the invention provides the normal-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating device, which not only inherits the advantages of high efficiency, stability and environmental protection of the vacuum-pumping loop heat pipe, but also obtains the effects of compact structure, simplicity, safety, low manufacturing cost and the like through a normal-pressure design mode, and has better universality.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a normal pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating device comprises an evaporation system, a condensation system, a sealing system and a water supplementing feedback system, wherein the evaporation system is arranged at the lower part of the heating device and comprises an evaporation chamber 3, a hollow transparent plate 2, an evaporation wall 6, a heat insulation wall 5 and a steam discharging pipe 10, wherein the hollow transparent plate 2 faces the atmosphere and is used for absorbing solar energy, the heat insulation wall 5 is arranged on an outdoor wall, the evaporation wall 6 is arranged along the heat insulation wall 5, a flow equalizing pipe 4 is arranged at the upper end of the evaporation wall, and a water level gauge 18 is arranged at the lower end of the evaporation wall; the condensing system is arranged at the upper part of the heating device and comprises a condensing chamber 8, a condensing wall 9 and fins 7, wherein the fins 7 are arranged around the condensing chamber 8, and the condensing wall 9 is processed into a fully hydrophobic surface or a hydrophilic-hydrophobic mixed surface arranged at intervals; the sealing system comprises a water tank 12, a pressure balancing pipe 17 and a check valve 20, the condensing chamber 8 is connected with the water tank 12 through the pressure balancing pipe 17 to form a liquid seal, the water tank 12 is placed in the air so as to maintain the pressure inside the heating device to be normal pressure, and the check valve 20 is arranged on the pressure balancing pipe 17; the water supplementing feedback system comprises a water supplementing pipe 16, a liquid return pipe 11, a valve 13, a flow equalizing pipe 4, a feedback circuit 14 and a water level gauge 18, wherein the water tank 12 is connected with the liquid return pipe 11 through the water supplementing pipe 16, the water tank 12 is set to be at a high position, the liquid return pipe 11 is set to be at a low position, the valve 13 is arranged between the water supplementing pipe 16 and the liquid return pipe 11, the valve 13 is connected with the water level gauge 18 through the feedback circuit 14, the water level gauge 18 transmits a water level signal to the valve 13 through the feedback circuit 14, and the connection state of the water supplementing pipe 16 and the liquid return pipe 11 is automatically controlled, so that water supplementing operation is performed; the evaporation system and the condensation system are connected through a vapor discharge pipe 10 and a liquid return pipe 11 to form a loop heat pipe.
In a further optimized scheme, the inner space of the hollow transparent plate 2 is set to be a thin space, and the material is glass or organic material.
In a further optimized solution, one way of processing the evaporation wall 6 is: firstly, the surface of the evaporation wall is subjected to a surface treatment process, and then, on one side of the evaporation wall facing to solar radiation, powder is sintered to form a porous metal capillary wick 6a and a porous fiber capillary wick 6c which are arranged at intervals; further, the metal plate 6b at the bottom of the evaporation wall 6 is subjected to hydrophilic treatment, and then the sintered porous metal capillary wick 6a and the porous fiber capillary wick 6c are arranged at intervals on the side facing the solar radiation.
In a further optimized scheme, another treatment mode of the evaporation wall is as follows: the evaporation wall 6 is blackened and perforated with small holes 6e, and then the porous fiber capillary core 6c is directly covered on one side of the evaporation wall back to solar radiation to form a water absorption layer; further, the evaporation wall 6 is blackened and perforated with small holes 6e to form a toothed metal plate 6 d.
According to a further optimization scheme, an opening is formed in the bottom of the condensing chamber 8 and close to the condensing wall 9, the opening is connected with a liquid return pipe 11, the condensing chamber 8 is connected with a flow equalizing pipe 4 through the liquid return pipe 11, the flow equalizing pipe 4 is arranged at the top end of the evaporation wall 6, and backflow liquid is uniformly wetted onto the evaporation wall 6 through the flow equalizing pipe 4.
According to a further optimization scheme, when solar radiation is strong and evaporation is accelerated, part of steam enters the water tank 12 through the pressure balance pipe 17 to form working medium loss, the liquid level of the replenishing liquid at the bottom of the evaporation chamber 3 is lowered after the steam runs for a period of time under the condition, the water level meter 18 forms a feedback signal after the liquid level is lower than the set position of the water level meter 18, the feedback signal is transmitted to the valve 13 through the feedback circuit 14, and then the valve 13 is opened to start water replenishing.
In a further optimization scheme, the process of exhausting the non-condensable gas in the heat supply device is as follows: the evaporation system absorbs heat to evaporate the liquid, the internal pressure of the heating device is increased, and the mixed gas of the steam and the non-condensable gas is discharged outwards through the pressure balance pipe 17; when the solar radiation is small and the evaporation is weakened, the liquid in the water tank 12 is prevented from flowing back into the heating device through the check valve 20.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the normal-pressure loop heat pipe is applied to the solar heating device, the heating circulation is completed only by gravity backflow, the circulation of liquid is maintained without mechanical power such as a vacuum pump and the like, the structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the efficiency is high, the environment is protected, the operation cost and the maintenance cost caused by vacuumizing are reduced, and the requirements of people on energy utilization are met;
2) the device is optimally designed, the evaporation system and the condensation system can be made very thin, can be installed in a formed room, and has better adaptability and low cost;
3) on the premise of meeting the working condition, the material of the device can be changed into a material with lower density, and the device has the advantages of light weight and portability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system connection of a constant pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an evaporation wall 1 of the atmospheric pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 2a is a front view, FIG. 2b is a side view, and FIG. 2c is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 2 a;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an evaporation wall 2 of the atmospheric pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 3a is a front view, FIG. 3b is a side view, and FIG. 3c is a partial enlarged view of FIG. 3 a;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a flow equalizing pipe of the constant pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating apparatus according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 4a is a front view and FIG. 4b is a side view;
the reference numbers in the figures are:
1-an evaporation system; 2-a hollow transparent plate; 3-an evaporation chamber; 4-flow equalizing pipe; 5-an insulating wall; 6-evaporation wall; 6 a-metal capillary wick; 6 b-a metal plate; 6 c-fiber wick; 6 d-toothed metal plate; 6 e-small hole; 7-a fin; 8-a condensation chamber; 9-condensation walls; 10-a steam discharge pipe; 11-liquid return line; 12-a water tank; 13-a valve; 14-a feedback circuit; 15-a condensation system; 16-a water replenishing pipe; 17-a pressure equalization tube; 18-a water level gauge; 19-an exhaust port; 20-check valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The embodiments and the directional terms described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used in the explanation of the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a normal-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating device which mainly comprises an evaporation system, a condensation system, a sealing system and a water supplementing feedback system.
The evaporation system is arranged at the lower part of the heating device and mainly comprises an evaporation chamber, a hollow transparent plate, an evaporation wall, a heat insulation wall, a steam discharge pipe and the like, wherein the hollow transparent plate is arranged at one side of the evaporation chamber and faces the atmosphere for absorbing solar energy; the heat insulation wall is arranged at the other side of the evaporation chamber and is installed on the wall in a plug-in mode; the evaporation wall is arranged against the heat insulation wall, the upper end of the evaporation wall is provided with a flow equalizing pipe, and the lower end of the evaporation wall is provided with a water level meter.
The inner space of the hollow transparent plate can be set to be in a thin form, so that not only can the radiation heat exchange between the evaporation chamber and the environment be weakened, but also the convection formed by the air in the hollow transparent plate can be weakened, and the heat dissipation between the evaporation chamber and the environment can be reduced. The material of the hollow transparent plate can be glass or organic material.
It should be appreciated that the above selection of materials is merely exemplary and any material may be selected as desired.
The evaporation wall can be arranged in the following two forms: the first mode is that the surface of the evaporation wall is firstly subjected to a surface treatment process to change the surface wettability, and then on one side of the evaporation wall facing the solar radiation, powder is sintered to form porous metal capillary cores and porous fiber capillary cores which are arranged at intervals; and the second mode is that the evaporation wall is blackened and perforated, and then the porous fiber capillary core is directly covered on one side of the evaporation wall back to solar radiation to form a water absorption layer.
The condensing system is arranged at the upper part of the heating device and mainly comprises a condensing chamber, a condensing wall, fins and the like, wherein the fins are arranged around the condensing chamber and can be arranged into various forms such as straight ribs, annular ribs, pin ribs and the like; the condensation wall is processed by processes of spraying, chemical corrosion and the like to form an all-hydrophobic surface or a hydrophilic-hydrophobic spaced surface.
The condensing system may also be provided in the form of a serpentine for heating domestic water.
The evaporation system and the condensation system are connected through a vapor discharge pipe and a liquid return pipe, so that a loop heat pipe is formed. And a loop heat pipe formed by the evaporation system and the condensation system is arranged in a high-low position mode, and the circulation is completed under the action of gravity.
The sealing system mainly comprises a water tank, a pressure balance pipe, a check valve and the like, and the specific form is as follows: the top end opening of condensation chamber is connected with the basin through pressure balance pipe and is formed the liquid seal, and the check valve sets up on pressure balance pipe.
The water supplementing feedback system mainly comprises a water supplementing pipe, a liquid return pipe, a valve, a flow equalizing pipe, a feedback circuit, a water level meter and the like, wherein the water tank is connected with the liquid return pipe through the water supplementing pipe, the water tank is arranged at a high position, and the liquid return pipe is arranged at a low position; a valve is arranged between the water replenishing pipe and the liquid return pipe and is connected with the water level meter through a feedback circuit; the water level gauge transmits a water level signal to the valve through the feedback circuit, and the connection state of the water replenishing pipe and the liquid return pipe is automatically controlled, so that water replenishing operation is performed. It will be appreciated that the working fluid in the heating apparatus may be water or other liquid of lower boiling point.
The normal-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating device does not need to be vacuumized when components are assembled, and can be connected with a water tank through a pressure balance pipe to form a liquid seal after assembly, so that the normal-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating device can normally work under normal pressure and can discharge non-condensable gas while running; when the solar radiation is reduced or not operated, the backflow of the liquid due to the reduction of the internal pressure can be prevented by the check valve.
The invention provides a heat supply method of a normal-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heat supply device, which comprises the following steps:
1) before the device works, a certain amount of liquid is injected into the evaporation chamber through the water replenishing pipe, whether the amount of the liquid is sufficient or not is detected through the water level gauge, and the evaporation wall is filled with the liquid in the vertical direction due to the existence of the water absorption layer on the evaporation wall surface, so that the device can be started quickly;
2) when the solar water heater works, solar energy irradiates the evaporation wall through the hollow transparent plate, liquid on the evaporation wall absorbs heat and evaporates, then enters the condensation chamber through the steam discharge pipe, and is condensed and released on the condensation wall, so that heat is supplied to a room; the condensate flows back into the evaporation chamber through the liquid return pipe by gravity and uniformly wets the evaporation wall through the flow equalizing pipe, thereby completing a heat supply cycle;
3) when solar radiation is high, liquid backflow and bottom water supplement speed cannot meet evaporation requirements due to the fact that liquid evaporation speed is high, in order to avoid evaporation to dryness, a water level gauge is particularly arranged at the bottom of an evaporation chamber and can feed a water level drop signal back to a valve of a water supplement pipe, then liquid is supplemented to the evaporation chamber, and solar heat supply is fully carried out under the working condition that solar radiation is strong.
The detailed structure and operation of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying fig. 1-4 and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a normal pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating apparatus mainly includes an evaporation system 1, a condensation system 15, a sealing system and a water feeding feedback system.
The evaporation system 1 is used as a device for absorbing heat and generating steam, is arranged on an outdoor wall, is arranged at the lower part of a heating device, and mainly comprises an evaporation chamber 3, a hollow transparent plate 2, an evaporation wall 6, a heat insulation wall 5 and a steam discharge pipe 10, wherein the hollow transparent plate 2 is arranged at one side of the evaporation chamber 3 and faces the atmosphere for absorbing solar energy; the heat insulation wall 5 is arranged at the other side of the evaporation chamber 3 and is installed on the outdoor wall in a plug-in mode; the evaporation wall 6 is arranged against the heat insulation wall 5, the upper end of the evaporation wall is provided with the flow equalizing pipe 4, and the lower end of the evaporation wall is provided with the water level meter 18.
The inner space of the hollow transparent plate 2 can be set to be a thin form, so that not only can the radiation heat exchange between the evaporation chamber 3 and the environment be weakened, but also the convection formed by the air in the hollow transparent plate 2 can be weakened, and the heat dissipation between the evaporation chamber 3 and the environment can be reduced. The material of the hollow transparent plate 2 can be glass or organic material.
The evaporation wall 6 can be arranged in two forms: the first mode is that the surface of the evaporation wall is firstly subjected to a surface treatment process to change the surface wettability, and then on one side of the evaporation wall facing the solar radiation, powder is sintered to form a porous metal capillary wick 6a and a porous fiber capillary wick 6c which are arranged at intervals; and the second mode is that the evaporation wall is blackened and perforated with small holes 6e, and then the porous fiber capillary core is directly covered on one side of the evaporation wall back to solar radiation to form a water absorption layer.
The condensing system 15 is used as a heat supply component, is installed indoors, is arranged at the upper part of the heat supply device, and mainly comprises a condensing chamber 8, a condensing wall 9 and fins 7, wherein the fins 7 are arranged around the condensing chamber 8 and can be arranged in various forms such as straight ribs, annular ribs, pin ribs and the like, so that the heat exchange efficiency of external natural convection is improved, and the heat transferred to the indoor space is increased; the condensation wall 9 is treated by spraying, chemical etching, etc. to form a fully hydrophobic surface or a hybrid surface of hydrophilic-hydrophobic spaced arrangement of droplets for improved condensation efficiency, it being appreciated that this may also be in a conventional manner; the place that 8 bottoms in condensation chamber are close to condensation wall 9 is provided with the opening, is connected with liquid return pipe 11 to ensure that condensation chamber 8 links to each other with flow equalizing pipe 4 through liquid return pipe 11, flow equalizing pipe 4 is placed on 6 tops of evaporation wall, and the reflux liquid can be through the even evaporation wall 6 that wets of flow equalizing pipe 4.
The condensing system 15 may also be provided in the form of a serpentine, i.e. heated by being placed in a liquid, which may provide domestic hot water.
The evaporation system 1 and the condensation system 15 are connected through a steam discharge pipe 10 and a liquid return pipe 11 to form a loop heat pipe, so that a heating cycle without mechanical power is completed, and high-efficiency heating efficiency is ensured through the application of the loop heat pipe.
The sealing system mainly comprises a water tank 12, a pressure balance pipe 17 and a check valve 20, and the specific form is as follows: the top end of the condensation chamber 8 is opened, and is connected with the water tank 12 through the pressure balance pipe 17 to form a liquid seal, the water tank 12 is placed in the air, so that the pressure inside the heating device is maintained to be normal pressure during normal work, and the check valve 20 is arranged on the pressure balance pipe 17.
The water supplementing feedback system mainly comprises a water supplementing pipe 16, a liquid return pipe 11, a valve 13, a flow equalizing pipe 4, a feedback circuit 14 and a water level gauge 18, wherein the water tank 12 is connected with the liquid return pipe 11 through the water supplementing pipe 16, the water tank 12 is arranged at a high position, and the liquid return pipe 11 is arranged at a low position; a valve 13 is arranged between the water replenishing pipe 16 and the liquid return pipe 11, and the valve 13 is connected with a water level gauge 18 through a feedback circuit 14; the water level gauge 18 transmits a water level signal to the valve 13 through the feedback circuit 14, and automatically controls the connection state of the water replenishing pipe 16 and the liquid return pipe 11, thereby performing the water replenishing operation.
In general, when solar radiation is strong and evaporation is accelerated, part of steam enters the water tank 12 through the pressure balance pipe 17 to form working medium loss, in such a situation, after the operation is carried out for a period of time, the liquid level of the replenishing liquid at the bottom of the evaporation chamber 3 is reduced, after the liquid level is lower than the set position of the water level gauge 18, the water level gauge 18 forms a feedback signal and transmits the feedback signal to the valve 13 through the feedback circuit 14, and then the valve 13 is opened to start water replenishing.
The discharging process of the non-condensable gas in the heat supply device is as follows: the evaporation system 1 absorbs heat to evaporate the liquid, the internal pressure of the heating device is increased, and the mixed gas of the steam and the non-condensable gas is discharged outwards through the pressure balance pipe 17, so that the purpose of discharging the non-condensable gas is achieved; when the solar radiation is small and the evaporation is weakened, the liquid in the water tank 12 is prevented from flowing back into the heating device through the check valve 20.
The heating device works under normal pressure, avoids high cost and maintenance problems caused by vacuum pumping, and has a simple and safe structure.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, in order to improve the solar energy absorption efficiency of the heating device, the evaporation wall 6 is arranged in the following two ways:
1) as shown in fig. 2a to 2c, the metal plate 6b at the bottom is subjected to hydrophilic treatment, and then the sintered porous metal capillary wick 6a and the porous fiber capillary wick 6c are arranged at intervals on the side facing the solar radiation; the metal capillary wick 6a increases the specific surface area, so that the liquid evaporation can be effectively accelerated, and the fiber capillary wick 6c has strong water absorption capacity, so that the liquid can be absorbed into the evaporation wall 6.
2) As shown in fig. 3a to 3c, the wall surface is blackened and perforated with small holes 6e to form a toothed metal plate 6d, and then a porous fiber capillary wick 6c is arranged on the side back to the solar radiation; the fiber capillary wick 6c has a strong water absorbing capacity, which is beneficial for absorbing liquid into the evaporation wall 6.
As shown in fig. 4, the flow equalizing pipe 4 of the heating apparatus may be rectangular, and the upper opening thereof is connected to the liquid return pipe 11, and the lower opening thereof is capable of spraying the liquid on the evaporation wall 6, thereby facilitating uniform distribution of the return liquid to wet the evaporation wall 6.
The detailed description is specific to the practical example of the invention, the device innovatively applies the loop heat pipe under normal pressure, takes solar energy as energy, and circularly supplies heat through the phase change and circulation of liquid in the loop heat pipe, and the process does not need power input, thereby reducing the investment cost of the solar device, having simple structure and better application prospect and popularization value.
Finally, it should be pointed out that: the above examples are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A normal pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating device comprises an evaporation system, a condensation system, a sealing system and a water replenishing feedback system, and is characterized in that,
the evaporation system is arranged at the lower part of the heating device and comprises an evaporation chamber (3), a hollow transparent plate (2), an evaporation wall (6), a heat insulation wall (5) and a steam discharge pipe (10),
the hollow transparent plate (2) faces the atmosphere for absorbing solar energy,
the heat-insulating wall (5) is arranged on an outdoor wall,
the evaporation wall (6) is arranged along the heat insulation wall (5), the upper end of the evaporation wall is provided with a flow equalizing pipe (4), and the lower end of the evaporation wall is provided with a water level meter (18);
the condensing system is arranged at the upper part of the heating device and comprises a condensing chamber (8), a condensing wall (9) and fins (7),
the fins (7) are arranged around the condensation chamber (8),
the condensation wall (9) is treated to be a fully hydrophobic surface or a mixed surface arranged at an interval of hydrophilic and hydrophobic;
the sealing system comprises a water tank (12), a pressure balancing pipe (17) and a check valve (20), the condensing chamber (8) is connected with the water tank (12) through the pressure balancing pipe (17) to form a liquid seal,
the water tank (12) is placed in the air, so that the pressure in the heating device is kept to be normal pressure when the heating device works normally,
the check valve (20) is arranged on the pressure balance pipe (17);
the water supplementing feedback system comprises a water supplementing pipe (16), a liquid return pipe (11), a valve (13), a flow equalizing pipe (4), a feedback circuit (14) and a water level gauge (18),
the water tank (12) is connected with the liquid return pipe (11) through a water supplementing pipe (16), the water tank (12) is arranged at a high position, the liquid return pipe (11) is arranged at a low position,
a valve (13) is arranged between the water replenishing pipe (16) and the liquid return pipe (11), the valve (13) is connected with a water level meter (18) through a feedback circuit (14),
the water level gauge (18) is arranged at the bottom of the evaporation chamber (3), transmits a water level signal to the valve (13) through the feedback circuit (14), and automatically controls the connection state of the water replenishing pipe (16) and the liquid return pipe (11) so as to perform water replenishing operation;
the evaporation system and the condensation system are connected through a vapor discharge pipe (10) and a liquid return pipe (11) to form a loop heat pipe.
2. The atmospheric-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner space of the hollow transparent plate (2) is a thin space made of glass or organic material.
3. An atmospheric-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation wall (6) is treated in such a manner that the surface of the evaporation wall is first subjected to a surface treatment process, and then the porous metal capillary wick (6a) and the porous fiber capillary wick (6c) are arranged at a distance from each other by sintering the powder on the side of the evaporation wall facing the solar radiation.
4. An atmospheric-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the metal plate (6b) at the bottom of the evaporation wall (6) is subjected to hydrophilic treatment, and then the sintered porous metal capillary wick (6a) and the porous fiber capillary wick (6c) are arranged at intervals at the side facing the solar radiation.
5. A normal pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation wall (6) is treated by blacking and perforating the evaporation wall (6) with holes (6e), and then directly covering the porous fiber wick (6c) on the side of the evaporation wall facing away from the solar radiation to form a water absorbing layer.
6. A normal pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the evaporation wall (6) is blackened and perforated with holes (6e) to form a toothed metal plate (6 d).
7. A normal pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating device according to claim 1, wherein an opening is provided at the bottom of the condensing chamber (8) near the condensing wall (9) and connected with a liquid return pipe (11), and the condensing chamber (8) is connected with the flow equalizing pipe (4) through the liquid return pipe (11), the flow equalizing pipe (4) is arranged at the top end of the evaporating wall (6), and the return liquid is uniformly wetted onto the evaporating wall (6) through the flow equalizing pipe (4).
8. The atmospheric-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating device according to claim 1, wherein when solar radiation is strong and evaporation is accelerated, part of steam enters the water tank (12) through the pressure balance pipe (17) to form working medium loss, in such a case, after a period of operation, the liquid level of the replenishing liquid at the bottom of the evaporation chamber (3) is lowered, when the liquid level is lower than the set position of the water level gauge (18), the water level gauge (18) forms a feedback signal and transmits the feedback signal to the valve (13) through the feedback circuit (14), and then the valve (13) is opened to start water replenishing.
9. The atmospheric-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating device according to claim 1, wherein the exhausting process of the non-condensable gas in the heating device is as follows: the evaporation system absorbs heat to evaporate liquid, the internal pressure of the heating device is increased, and the mixed gas of steam and non-condensable gas is discharged outwards through the pressure balance pipe (17); when the solar radiation is small and the evaporation is weakened, the liquid in the water tank (12) is prevented from flowing back to the interior of the heating device through the check valve (20).
CN201810927035.8A 2018-08-15 2018-08-15 Normal-pressure loop heat pipe type solar heating device Active CN109210607B (en)

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JPS60207896A (en) * 1984-03-30 1985-10-19 Agency Of Ind Science & Technol Reverse syphon type heat transmission system
CN2720341Y (en) * 2004-07-26 2005-08-24 孙宝纯 Solar heat-pipe heat-conducting heating apparatus
CA2678584C (en) * 2009-09-08 2013-05-28 W&E International (Canada) Corp. Self-powered pump for heated liquid and heat driven liquid close-loop automatic circulating system employing same
CN102913986B (en) * 2012-10-17 2016-07-06 常州海卡太阳能热泵有限公司 Separating heat tube wall hanging type flat plate solar heating device
CN103075818A (en) * 2013-01-28 2013-05-01 大厂菲斯曼太阳能集热器有限公司 Heat transmission method and system for heat-pipe-type solar hot water system
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