CN109193136B - High-gain patch antenna with broadband and filtering characteristics - Google Patents
High-gain patch antenna with broadband and filtering characteristics Download PDFInfo
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- CN109193136B CN109193136B CN201811140343.2A CN201811140343A CN109193136B CN 109193136 B CN109193136 B CN 109193136B CN 201811140343 A CN201811140343 A CN 201811140343A CN 109193136 B CN109193136 B CN 109193136B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
Abstract
The invention provides a high-gain patch antenna with broadband and filtering characteristics, which comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal bottom plate, a radiation patch, a first resonance unit, a second resonance unit and a feeder. One side of the medium substrate is connected with the metal bottom plate, the other side of the medium substrate is connected with the two resonance units, the radiation patch is positioned above the two resonance units, and the first resonance unit and the second resonance unit are of concentric structures. The radiation patch is provided with two grooves, and the direction of the grooves is vertical to the direction of the rectangular micro-strip forming the first resonance unit. The outline of the radiation patch is rectangular, and the side length of the radiation patch is larger than half of the free space wavelength in the working frequency band. The layers making up the antenna are thin, making the antenna low profile. The antenna is slotted on the radiating patch, so that the current distribution and the field distribution of the antenna in a high-order resonance mode are changed, and the gain of the antenna is greatly improved by depressing the side lobe of the E surface and reducing the beam width of the H surface. A plurality of resonant modes are introduced by coupling and feeding of a plurality of resonant units, so that the working bandwidth of the antenna is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a patch antenna, and more particularly, to a high gain patch antenna with a wide band and a filtering characteristic.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of wireless communication and increasingly complex application scenarios, the requirements for the bandwidth and other performances of the antenna in the wireless communication system are increasing.
First, due to the requirements of the application environment, many wireless communication components must be embedded or integrated into a small communication device, which requires the miniaturization of the components; meanwhile, from the perspective of market products, practical antennas should also have the characteristics of low profile, light weight, easy processing, and the like. Secondly, the signal coverage and distance of the communication system are affected by the antenna gain, and the antenna is required to have a high gain in the medium-long distance communication in order to cope with the transmission loss. There are many antenna types with high gain at present, for example, the patent application number is: 201310122359.1, the Chinese patent entitled "a dual-frequency high-gain coaxial feed patch antenna" proposes a high-gain antenna working at 2.45GHz and 5.8GHz simultaneously, which mainly comprises a rectangular thin-layer metal patch, a metal grounding plate and two coating layers of EBG, and realizes the highest gain of 10dB at 2.40GHz-2.483GHz and the highest gain of 8dB at 5.725GHz-5.875 GHz. However, the use of the EBG structure makes the antenna structure complicated while increasing the gain. As another example, the patent application number is: 201310610313.4, Chinese patent entitled "a high gain dual-frequency base station antenna" also proposes a high gain antenna, which mainly includes two sets of U-shaped patch units and a coupling feeder bent twice into a T-shaped form, and the antenna realizes the highest gain of 9.5dBi and the maximum gain of 13.0dBi at 2.3GHz-2.46GHz respectively. However, the use of a coupling feed of the Γ -type makes the antenna profile very high. Finally, in order to improve the system integration and reduce the cost, in practical applications, a plurality of communication systems in different frequency bands are often required to share one antenna, and therefore the antenna needs to have a wider bandwidth.
In summary, a practical antenna should have good impedance matching characteristics, stable radiation directivity, relatively flat gain characteristics, and be small enough, inexpensive, and easy to manufacture and install.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: a low profile antenna with high gain and bandwidth is obtained.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a high-gain patch antenna with broadband and filter characteristics comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal base plate, a radiation patch, a resonance unit group and a feed body, wherein one side of the dielectric substrate is connected with the resonance unit group, the other side of the dielectric substrate is connected with the metal base plate, and the radiation patch is arranged above the resonance unit group.
The coaxial radiating patch comprises a radiating patch group, a radiating patch and a coaxial radiating element group, wherein the radiating patch group comprises a first resonant unit and a second resonant unit which are concentric, the first resonant unit comprises a strip-shaped rectangular microstrip, two ends of the strip-shaped rectangular microstrip are respectively provided with two U-shaped branches with inward openings which are mirrored with the rectangular microstrip, the second resonant unit is a strip-shaped microstrip which surrounds to form a rectangular ring, the second resonant unit surrounds the outer side of the first resonant unit, the first resonant unit is in feed connection with a metal baseplate through a feed body, the resonant unit group is mutually coupled with the radiating patch, the radiating patch is provided with a first notch and a second notch, the notch directions of the first notch and the second notch are perpendicular to the rectangular microstrip direction of the first resonant unit, the outer contour of the radiating patch is rectangular, the side length A of the radiating patch is larger than half of the wavelength lambda of a free space in a working frequency band, namely A is larger than phi 0.5 lambda, the radiating patch is in an axially symmetric structure, the first notch and the second notch are rectangular, the length of the radiating patch is larger than 10 times the width of the radiating patch, the central line of the radiating patch is larger than phi 0.5 lambda of the radiating patch, the radiating patch is further equal to be equal to or smaller than 2.5 lambda of the radiating patch, the central line of the radiating patch, the radiating patch is equal to or smaller than the central line of the coaxial radiating patch, the coaxial radiating patch is equal to or smaller than the coaxial radiating patch, the coaxial radiating patch is equal to or smaller than the coaxial radiating patch, the coaxial radiating.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the antenna is of a laminated structure, and materials of all layers are thin, so that the section of the antenna is low. The gain of the patch antenna is greatly improved by slotting the radiation patch, changing the current distribution and field distribution of the antenna in a high-order resonance mode, depressing the side lobe of the E surface and reducing the beam width of the H surface, and simultaneously introducing a plurality of resonance modes through the coupling feed of a plurality of resonance units, thereby improving the working bandwidth of the antenna.
Drawings
The detailed structure of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a high-gain patch antenna with a wide band and a filter characteristic according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a high-gain patch antenna with broadband and filtering characteristics according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a structural side view of a high-gain patch antenna having a wide band and a filtering characteristic according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the variation of the reflection coefficient of the input end of the high-gain patch antenna with the broadband and filtering characteristics according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph of gain versus frequency for a high gain patch antenna with broadband and filtering characteristics according to the present invention.
The antenna comprises a metal bottom plate 1, a dielectric substrate 2, a first resonance unit 3, a second resonance unit 4, a radiation patch 5, a first groove 6, a second groove 7 and a feed body 8.
Detailed Description
The most key concept of the invention is as follows: two grooves are formed in the radiation patch, and the groove direction is perpendicular to the rectangular micro-strip of the first resonance unit. The radiation patch is mutually coupled with the first resonance unit and the second resonance unit. The gain of the patch antenna is greatly improved by slotting the radiation patch, changing the current distribution and field distribution of the antenna in a high-order resonance mode, depressing the side lobe of the E surface and reducing the beam width of the H surface, and simultaneously introducing a plurality of resonance modes through the coupling feed of a plurality of resonance units, thereby improving the working bandwidth of the antenna.
In order to explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the present invention in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a high-gain patch antenna with a broadband and a filtering characteristic includes a dielectric substrate 2, a metal base plate 1, a radiation patch 5, a resonant unit group and a feeder 8, wherein one surface of the dielectric substrate 2 is connected to the resonant unit group, the other surface of the dielectric substrate 2 is connected to the metal base plate 1, and the radiation patch 5 is disposed above the resonant unit group.
The resonant unit group comprises a first resonant unit 3 and a second resonant unit 4 which are concentric; the first resonance unit 3 comprises a strip-shaped rectangular micro-strip, and two ends of the strip-shaped rectangular micro-strip are respectively provided with two U-shaped branches with inward openings which are mirrored with the rectangular micro-strip; the second resonance unit 4 is a rectangular ring formed by surrounding strip-shaped micro-strips; the second resonance unit surrounds the outer side of the first resonance unit; the first resonance unit 3 forms feed connection with the metal bottom plate 1 through the feed body 8; the resonance unit group and the radiation patch 5 are coupled with each other; a first slot 6 and a second slot 7 are formed in the radiation patch 5, and the slot directions of the first slot 6 and the second slot 7 are perpendicular to the rectangular microstrip direction of the first resonance unit 3; the outer contour of the radiation patch 5 is rectangular, and the side length A of the radiation patch is larger than half of the wavelength lambda of the free space in the working frequency band, namely A is larger than 0.5 lambda.
The antenna is of a laminated structure, and materials of all layers are thin, so that the section of the antenna is low. The antenna gain is greatly improved by slotting the radiation patch 5, changing the current distribution and field distribution of the antenna in a high-order resonance mode, depressing the side lobe of the E surface and reducing the beam width of the H surface, and simultaneously introducing a plurality of resonance modes through the coupling feed of a plurality of resonance units, thereby improving the working bandwidth of the antenna.
Further, the radiation patch 5 is of an axisymmetric structure; the first slot 6 and the second slot 7 are rectangular, the length is more than 10 times the width, and the central line of the two slots in the slot direction passes through the center of the radiation patch 5. By forming a long and narrow rectangular groove in the center line position of the radiation patch 5, the gain of the antenna is greatly improved by depressing the side lobe of the E-plane and reducing the beam width of the H-plane.
Further, the projection of the center of the radiation patch 5 and the center of the resonant unit group on the metal base plate 1 coincide. At this time, the coupling action between the radiation patch 5 and the resonant unit group is improved, thereby improving the operating bandwidth of the antenna.
Furthermore, two sides of the second resonance unit 3 are parallel to the direction of the elongated rectangular microstrip of the first resonance unit 4. The coupling between the first resonator element 3 and the second resonator element 4 is increased, thereby increasing the operating bandwidth of the antenna.
Furthermore, the microstrip width forming the resonant unit group is α, wherein α is more than or equal to 0.5mm and less than or equal to 3.5mm, and the proper microstrip width improves the coupling effect between the first resonant unit 3 and the second resonant unit 4, thereby improving the working bandwidth of the antenna.
Furthermore, the total length of the microstrip of the second resonant unit 4 is β, wherein 0.5 λ ≤ β λ, and the suitable microstrip width increases the coupling effect between the first resonant unit 3 and the second resonant unit 4, thereby increasing the operating bandwidth of the antenna.
Further, the first resonant unit 3 can form two symmetrical branch currents, one current branch is gamma, wherein gamma is greater than or equal to 0.2 lambda and less than or equal to 0.5 lambda. The appropriate microstrip width results in an improved coupling between the first resonator element 3 and the second resonator element 4, thereby increasing the operating bandwidth of the antenna.
Further, the feeder 8 is a coaxial line inner conductor, a small hole is formed in the metal base plate 1, and the coaxial line inner conductor penetrates through the small hole to be connected with the first resonance unit 3. The introduction of the coaxial line inner conductor enables the antenna structure to be simpler, and further enables the antenna profile to be low.
Further, the outer contour of the radiating patch 5 is circular with a diameter Φ, wherein Φ >0.5 λ. The shape of the radiation patch 5 is changed to obtain another high-gain patch antenna with different appearance structure and broadband and filtering characteristics.
Further, the dielectric substrate 2 is air. The dielectric substrate 2 is changed into air, and another high-gain patch antenna with different appearance structures and broadband and filter characteristics is obtained.
Referring to fig. 4, which shows a reflection coefficient variation graph of the antenna with frequency variation, it can be found that the antenna obtains good matching in the working frequency band of 4.01GHz-4.26GHz, and the reflection coefficients are all less than-10 dB; and due to the introduction of a plurality of resonant modes, the relative bandwidth of the antenna is about 7 percent and is larger than that of other high-gain patch antennas by about 1 percent.
Referring to fig. 5, which is a graph showing the radiation gain of the antenna as a function of frequency, it can be seen that the gain of the antenna in the operating frequency band of 4.01GHz-4.26GHz is greater than 12dBi, which is greatly improved compared to the conventional patch antenna unit with the gain generally less than 8 dBi. In addition, the radiation gain of the antenna is stable and flat in the operating frequency band, and has good frequency selection characteristics at the low frequency end, that is, the antenna has good filtering characteristics.
It should be noted that the antenna is not limited to operate in a frequency band of 4.01GHz-4.26GHz, and the operating frequency band and bandwidth of the antenna can be adjusted by adjusting the radiation patch 5, the first resonance unit 3, the second resonance unit 4, the first groove 6 and the second groove 7 as needed.
In summary, the high-gain patch antenna with a wideband and a filter characteristic according to the present invention can achieve a flat high gain and a good frequency selection characteristic in a wide operating frequency band based on a simple structure, and is advantageous for improving signal coverage of a wireless communication system. Meanwhile, the invention has the characteristics of low section, light weight, simple processing, low price and the like.
The first … … and the second … … are only used for name differentiation and do not represent how different the importance and position of the two are.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes performed by the present specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high gain patch antenna with broadband and filtering characteristics,
the antenna comprises a dielectric substrate, a metal bottom plate, a radiation patch, a resonance unit group and a feeder, wherein one surface of the dielectric substrate is connected with the resonance unit group, the other surface of the dielectric substrate is connected with the metal bottom plate, and the radiation patch is arranged above the resonance unit group;
the resonant unit group comprises a first resonant unit and a second resonant unit which are concentric;
the first resonance unit comprises a strip-shaped rectangular micro-strip, two ends of the strip-shaped rectangular micro-strip are respectively provided with two U-shaped branches which are in mirror symmetry and have opposite openings;
the second resonance unit is a rectangular ring formed by surrounding strip-shaped micro-strips;
the second resonance unit surrounds the outer side of the first resonance unit;
the first resonance unit forms feed connection with the metal bottom plate through the feed body;
the resonance unit group and the radiation patch are mutually coupled;
a first slot and a second slot are formed in the radiation patch, and the slot directions of the first slot and the second slot are vertical to the rectangular microstrip direction of the first resonance unit;
the outline of the radiation patch is rectangular, and the side length A of the radiation patch is larger than half of the wavelength lambda of the free space in the working frequency band, namely A is larger than 0.5 lambda.
2. A high gain patch antenna with broadband and filtering characteristics as claimed in claim 1, wherein said radiating patch has an axisymmetric structure; the first slot and the second slot are rectangular, the length of the first slot and the second slot is larger than 10 times of the width of the second slot, and the center line of the two slots in the slot direction passes through the center of the radiation patch.
3. A high gain patch antenna with broadband and filter characteristics as claimed in claim 2, wherein the center of said radiating patch coincides with the projection of the center of said resonant cell group on said metal chassis.
4. A high-gain patch antenna with a wide band and a filtering characteristic as claimed in claim 3, wherein two sides of said second resonator element are parallel to the direction of the elongated rectangular microstrip of said first resonator element.
5. The high-gain patch antenna with a wide band and a filtering characteristic according to claim 4, wherein a microstrip width constituting said resonance unit group is α, wherein 0.5mm ≦ α ≦ 3.5 mm.
6. The high-gain patch antenna with broadband and filtering characteristics as claimed in claim 5, wherein the total microstrip length of said second resonant unit is β, wherein 0.5 λ ≦ β ≦ λ.
7. The high-gain patch antenna with broadband and filter characteristics as claimed in claim 6, wherein said first resonant unit is capable of forming two symmetrical branch currents, one of which has a current branch length γ, wherein 0.2 λ ≦ γ ≦ 0.5 λ.
8. A high gain patch antenna with broadband and filter characteristics as claimed in claim 7, wherein said feed is a coaxial line inner conductor, and said metal base plate has a hole formed therein through which the coaxial line inner conductor is connected to said first resonator element.
9. A high gain patch antenna with broadband and filter characteristics as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said radiating patch has a circular outer profile with a diameter Φ, wherein Φ >0.5 λ.
10. A high gain patch antenna with broadband and filter characteristics as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein said dielectric substrate is air.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811140343.2A CN109193136B (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2018-09-28 | High-gain patch antenna with broadband and filtering characteristics |
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| CN201811140343.2A CN109193136B (en) | 2018-09-28 | 2018-09-28 | High-gain patch antenna with broadband and filtering characteristics |
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| CN109193136A CN109193136A (en) | 2019-01-11 |
| CN109193136B true CN109193136B (en) | 2020-05-05 |
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| CN109742539B (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2021-03-23 | 深圳市卓睿通信技术有限公司 | Patch antenna with broadband and filtering characteristics |
| CN109860976B (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2021-05-07 | 深圳市卓睿通信技术有限公司 | Broadband patch antenna based on differential resonator feed |
| CN112635981B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2023-08-22 | 上海诺基亚贝尔股份有限公司 | Antenna assembly, antenna array and communication device |
| CN115275589B (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2024-04-09 | 四川大学 | Full-coupling resonant loop antenna unit and two-dimensional chebyshev network feed array antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP3120414A1 (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2017-01-25 | Universite De Rennes I | Frequency-tunable planar antenna supplied with power via a slot, and satellite-based positioning receiver including such an antenna |
| CN107425276A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-12-01 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of circular polarisation slot antenna with filtering characteristic |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| TWI608656B (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2017-12-11 | Slot antenna with complementary split ring | |
| CN107809009B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2023-08-22 | 华南理工大学 | Filtering duplex antenna based on open-loop resonator |
| CN207690998U (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-08-03 | 中国人民解放军陆军工程大学 | A kind of micro-strip paster antenna with wide band high-gain |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3120414A1 (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2017-01-25 | Universite De Rennes I | Frequency-tunable planar antenna supplied with power via a slot, and satellite-based positioning receiver including such an antenna |
| CN107425276A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-12-01 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of circular polarisation slot antenna with filtering characteristic |
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