CN114374087A - Broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna based on coupling implementation - Google Patents
Broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna based on coupling implementation Download PDFInfo
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- CN114374087A CN114374087A CN202111564643.5A CN202111564643A CN114374087A CN 114374087 A CN114374087 A CN 114374087A CN 202111564643 A CN202111564643 A CN 202111564643A CN 114374087 A CN114374087 A CN 114374087A
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010363 phase shift Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000191 radiation effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna based on coupling, which comprises an upper antenna radiator and a lower antenna reflecting plate, wherein the upper antenna radiator is arranged on the upper layer; the lower layer of a dielectric plate of an antenna radiator is printed with an excitation symmetric array, and the upper layer of the dielectric plate is printed with an angular coupling symmetric array and a step coupling square ring; the angular coupling symmetric array consists of two centrosymmetric right-angle metal patches which are connected through a high-impedance line; one right-angle metal edge of the right-angle metal patch is thinner than the other right-angle metal edge, and the thinner right-angle metal edge is adjacent to and parallel to the excitation symmetric array; and a cross-shaped gap for covering the excitation symmetric array and the angular coupling symmetric array is formed in the center of the stepped coupling square ring. The radiating body of the antenna disclosed by the invention only consists of three important parts, namely the excitation symmetric array positioned in the center, the angular coupling symmetric array and the step coupling square ring positioned on the periphery, and the structure is simple and compact.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of circularly polarized satellite navigation antennas, and particularly relates to a broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna based on coupling in the field.
Background
Unlike linearly polarized antennas, circularly polarized antennas can be flexibly placed between transceiver systems without regard to the polarization alignment of the antennas. It is widely popular with radio communication systems and is widely used in various systems such as satellite, navigation, radar, radio frequency identification, etc. With the development of these wireless communication systems, circularly polarized antennas are required to have wider impedance axial ratio bandwidths, stable directivity patterns, and compact antenna radiation sizes.
The traditional circularly polarized antenna can realize the circularly polarized radiation of the antenna by cutting an angle, adding a branch knot, notching and the like on a patch. However, because the single feed mode is limited, the circular polarization radiation mode is usually only one, and a wide axial ratio circular polarization radiation bandwidth is difficult to obtain. By introducing the broadband orthogonal power divider or the coupler, the circularly polarized microstrip patch antenna adopting double feed or four feed can obtain relatively wider circularly polarized radiation bandwidth. But due to the introduction of an additional feed network, the insertion loss is increased, and the radiation gain is reduced to a certain extent. Another common method for obtaining a wider bandwidth of circularly polarized radiation is to use a cross-symmetric array. Usually, a ring-shaped 90-degree phase shift line is introduced into the center of the cross symmetric array, so that a wider circularly polarized radiation bandwidth can be realized. Similarly, by adding various coupling parasitic radiation structures or short-circuit parasitic radiation structures, the circularly polarized radiation bandwidth of the cross array antenna can be widely improved. However, as the bandwidth of circularly polarized radiation increases, the far field pattern and the radiation gain of the broadband circularly polarized antenna become unstable at a high frequency band of an operating band due to the influence of the antenna reflection plate and the radiation aperture of the antenna. That is, the far-field pattern of the antenna may widen and even split at high frequency bands, and the gain of the antenna may decrease even as low as 0dBic or less.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna based on coupling.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the improvement of a broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna based on coupling implementation is that: the antenna comprises an upper antenna radiator and a lower antenna reflecting plate; the lower layer of a dielectric plate of an antenna radiator is printed with an excitation symmetric array, and the upper layer of the dielectric plate is printed with an angular coupling symmetric array and a step coupling square ring; the upper end outer conductor of a coaxial feed cable is connected with one arm of the excitation symmetric array, the inner conductor is connected with the other arm of the excitation symmetric array, and the lower end outer conductor is connected with the antenna reflector plate to form a grounding structure; the upper end outer conductor of the other coaxial feed cable is connected with one arm of the excitation symmetric array, the lower end outer conductor is connected with the antenna reflector plate to form a grounding structure, and the two coaxial feed cables form a balun structure; the angular coupling symmetric array consists of two centrosymmetric right-angle metal patches which are connected through a high-impedance line; one right-angle metal edge of the right-angle metal patch is thinner than the other right-angle metal edge, and the thinner right-angle metal edge is adjacent to and parallel to the excitation symmetric array; and a cross-shaped gap for covering the excitation symmetric array and the angular coupling symmetric array is formed in the center of the stepped coupling square ring.
Furthermore, the antenna radiator is printed by a Rogers RO4003C medium plate.
Furthermore, the size of the antenna reflector and the distance between the antenna reflector are adjusted, so that the antenna obtains stable radiation gain and directional diagram lobe width.
Furthermore, the size of the antenna reflector plate is 200mm × 200mm, and the distance between the antenna radiator and the antenna reflector plate is 50 mm.
Furthermore, the excitation symmetric array, the angular coupling symmetric array and the stepped coupling square ring are in central symmetry and rotational symmetry structures.
Furthermore, the length of the thin right-angle metal edge and the distance from the excitation symmetrical array are controlled, so that the wide right-angle metal edge obtains the orthogonal excitation with the equal-amplitude 90-degree delay phase.
Furthermore, the impedance bandwidth, the circularly polarized radiation bandwidth and the size of the antenna radiator of the antenna are adjusted by controlling the coupling distance and the coupling length of the step coupling square ring.
Furthermore, the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 1.08-1.87 GHz, and the echo reflection coefficient is less than-10 dB; the axial ratio bandwidth is 1.1-1.74 GHz, and the axial ratio is less than 3 dB; the gain of the antenna is 7.6-8.4 dBic, the gain ripple is less than 1dB, and the lobe width is in the range of 69-74 degrees at both orthogonal planes.
Furthermore, the antenna is applied to the field of wireless communication, including satellite navigation communication, radar communication and radio frequency identification; the antenna can be extended to an antenna array, and the form of the antenna array comprises a linear array and an area array.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the radiating body of the antenna disclosed by the invention only consists of three important parts, namely the excitation symmetric array positioned in the center, the angular coupling symmetric array and the step coupling square ring positioned on the periphery, and the structure is simple and compact. The antenna obtains good circularly polarized radiation by reasonably adjusting the coupling distance and the coupling length between the excitation symmetric array and the angular coupling symmetric array. By reasonably adjusting the coupling distance and the coupling length of the stepped coupling square ring, the antenna can obtain a compact structure, a good impedance working bandwidth and a circular polarization radiation bandwidth. The antenna has the characteristics of simple and compact structure, wide working frequency band, stable radiation performance and the like, and can be widely applied to the wireless communication fields of satellite navigation communication, radar communication, radio frequency identification and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of an antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional plane top structure of an antenna radiator disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic side view of an antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph showing the results of S parameters of the antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a two-dimensional radiation pattern of the disclosed antenna of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
figure 6 is a graph of gain and half power lobe width data for the antenna disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The excitation symmetric array 4 is printed on the lower layer of a dielectric plate of an antenna radiator, the angular coupling symmetric array 5 and the stepped coupling square ring 6 are printed on the upper layer of the dielectric plate, and the excitation symmetric array, the angular coupling symmetric array and the stepped coupling square ring are in central symmetry and rotational symmetry structures so as to ensure that the antenna obtains a stable far-field radiation directional diagram, gain and half-power lobe width.
The upper end outer conductor of one coaxial feed cable 31 is connected with one arm of the excitation symmetric array, the inner conductor is connected with the other arm of the excitation symmetric array, and the lower end outer conductor is connected with the antenna reflector plate to form a grounding structure. The upper end outer conductor of another coaxial feed cable 32 is connected with one arm of the excitation symmetric array, and the lower end outer conductor is connected with the antenna reflector plate to form a grounding structure. The single-end input coaxial feed cable 31 and the short-circuit grounded coaxial feed cable 32 form a feed balun structure to achieve balanced feeding. The excited symmetric array 4 of the antenna radiator is directly excited and fed by the coaxial feed cable 31, and excites the angular coupling symmetric array 5 and the step coupling square ring 6.
The angular coupling symmetric array is composed of two centrosymmetric right-angle metal patches which are connected through a thin high-impedance line 53. One right-angled metal edge 52 of the right-angled metal patch is thinner than the other right-angled metal edge 51, and the lengths of the two right-angled metal edges are different, so that different coupling and radiation effects are respectively realized. The thin right-angle metal edge is adjacent to and parallel to the excitation symmetric array and plays roles in amplitude coupling and phase control. By controlling the length of the thin right-angle metal edge and the distance from the excitation symmetric array, the circularly polarized radiation bandwidth of the antenna can be effectively adjusted, and the wide right-angle metal edge can obtain the orthogonal excitation of the equal-amplitude 90-degree delay phase. The circularly polarized radiation wave can be excited by combining the excited symmetric array with direct excitation and the angular coupled symmetric array with equal amplitude and 90-degree delay phase obtained by coupled excitation.
And a cross-shaped gap for covering the excitation symmetric array and the angular coupling symmetric array is formed in the center of the stepped coupling square ring. The cross-shaped slit divides the stepped coupling square ring into a wider portion 61 and a thinner portion 62. By controlling the coupling distance and the coupling length of the step coupling square ring, the antenna can effectively obtain wider impedance bandwidth, circularly polarized radiation bandwidth and compact antenna radiator size.
The antenna can be applied to different wireless communication fields such as satellite navigation communication, radar communication, radio frequency identification and the like; the antenna can be extended to an antenna array by proper adjustment, and the form of the antenna array includes but is not limited to linear array and area array.
As shown in fig. 4, the operating frequency band of the antenna is 1.1-1.74 GHz. In the working frequency band, the echo reflection coefficient of the antenna is less than-10 dB, and the circular polarization axial ratio of the antenna is less than 3 dB.
As shown in FIG. 5, the far-field radiation pattern of the antenna can obtain stable directional radiation in the working frequency band, and the front-to-back ratio of the far-field radiation pattern is better than 16 dB.
As shown in fig. 6, the antenna has stable gain and half power lobe width in the operating band. The gain is stabilized at 7.6-8.4 dBic and the half-power lobe width is stabilized at 69-74 in two orthogonal planes.
Claims (9)
1. A broadband circular polarization satellite navigation antenna based on coupling realization is characterized in that: the antenna comprises an upper antenna radiator and a lower antenna reflecting plate; the lower layer of a dielectric plate of an antenna radiator is printed with an excitation symmetric array, and the upper layer of the dielectric plate is printed with an angular coupling symmetric array and a step coupling square ring; the upper end outer conductor of a coaxial feed cable is connected with one arm of the excitation symmetric array, the inner conductor is connected with the other arm of the excitation symmetric array, and the lower end outer conductor is connected with the antenna reflector plate to form a grounding structure; the upper end outer conductor of the other coaxial feed cable is connected with one arm of the excitation symmetric array, the lower end outer conductor is connected with the antenna reflector plate to form a grounding structure, and the two coaxial feed cables form a balun structure; the angular coupling symmetric array consists of two centrosymmetric right-angle metal patches which are connected through a high-impedance line; one right-angle metal edge of the right-angle metal patch is thinner than the other right-angle metal edge, and the thinner right-angle metal edge is adjacent to and parallel to the excitation symmetric array; and a cross-shaped gap for covering the excitation symmetric array and the angular coupling symmetric array is formed in the center of the stepped coupling square ring.
2. The coupling implementation-based broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna of claim 1, wherein: the antenna radiator is printed by a Rogers RO4003C medium plate.
3. The coupling implementation-based broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna of claim 1, wherein: by adjusting the size of the antenna reflector and the distance between the antenna reflector and the antenna radiator, the antenna obtains stable radiation gain and directional diagram lobe width.
4. The coupling implementation-based broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna of claim 1, wherein: the size of the antenna reflector plate is 200mm multiplied by 200mm, and the distance between the antenna radiator and the antenna reflector plate is 50 mm.
5. The coupling implementation-based broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna of claim 1, wherein: the excitation symmetric array, the angular coupling symmetric array and the stepped coupling square ring are in centrosymmetric and rotationally symmetric structures.
6. The coupling implementation-based broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna of claim 1, wherein: by controlling the length of the thin right-angle metal edge and the distance from the excitation symmetrical array, the wide right-angle metal edge obtains the orthogonal excitation with the equal amplitude and 90-degree delay phase.
7. The coupling implementation-based broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna of claim 1, wherein: the impedance bandwidth, the circularly polarized radiation bandwidth and the size of an antenna radiator of the antenna are adjusted by controlling the coupling distance and the coupling length of the step coupling square ring.
8. The coupling implementation-based broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna of claim 1, wherein: the impedance bandwidth of the antenna is 1.08-1.87 GHz, and the echo reflection coefficient is less than-10 dB; the axial ratio bandwidth is 1.1-1.74 GHz, and the axial ratio is less than 3 dB; the gain of the antenna is 7.6-8.4 dBic, the gain ripple is less than 1dB, and the lobe width is in the range of 69-74 degrees at both orthogonal planes.
9. The coupling implementation-based broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna of claim 1, wherein: the antenna is applied to the field of wireless communication, including satellite navigation communication, radar communication and radio frequency identification; the antenna can be extended to an antenna array, and the form of the antenna array comprises a linear array and an area array.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111564643.5A CN114374087A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna based on coupling implementation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111564643.5A CN114374087A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna based on coupling implementation |
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| CN114374087A true CN114374087A (en) | 2022-04-19 |
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| CN202111564643.5A Pending CN114374087A (en) | 2021-12-20 | 2021-12-20 | Broadband circularly polarized satellite navigation antenna based on coupling implementation |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115173051A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-10-11 | 曲阜师范大学 | Broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna array |
| CN116435779A (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-07-14 | 深圳大学 | Ultra-wideband circularly polarized antenna |
| WO2023240792A1 (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-12-21 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Satellite navigation antenna and satellite navigation transceiving device |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108306106A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-20 | 福州大学 | Minimize rectangular patch short circuit load satellite navigation loop aerial and terminal |
-
2021
- 2021-12-20 CN CN202111564643.5A patent/CN114374087A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108306106A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-07-20 | 福州大学 | Minimize rectangular patch short circuit load satellite navigation loop aerial and terminal |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| LEHU WEN等: "Compact and Wideband Crossed Dipole Antenna Using Coupling Stub for Circular Polarization", 《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION》 * |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023240792A1 (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2023-12-21 | 上海海积信息科技股份有限公司 | Satellite navigation antenna and satellite navigation transceiving device |
| CN115173051A (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2022-10-11 | 曲阜师范大学 | Broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna array |
| CN115173051B (en) * | 2022-08-01 | 2023-08-15 | 曲阜师范大学 | Broadband high-gain circularly polarized antenna array |
| CN116435779A (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-07-14 | 深圳大学 | Ultra-wideband circularly polarized antenna |
| CN116435779B (en) * | 2023-06-08 | 2023-08-08 | 深圳大学 | Ultra-wideband circularly polarized antenna |
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Application publication date: 20220419 |
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