CN109188688A - Nearly eye display device based on diffractive optical element - Google Patents

Nearly eye display device based on diffractive optical element Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109188688A
CN109188688A CN201811353927.8A CN201811353927A CN109188688A CN 109188688 A CN109188688 A CN 109188688A CN 201811353927 A CN201811353927 A CN 201811353927A CN 109188688 A CN109188688 A CN 109188688A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
optical element
diffractive optical
display device
light
display screen
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN201811353927.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈超平
张文博
米岚田
朱铭
陆逸凡
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Publication date
Application filed by Shanghai Jiaotong University filed Critical Shanghai Jiaotong University
Priority to CN201811353927.8A priority Critical patent/CN109188688A/en
Publication of CN109188688A publication Critical patent/CN109188688A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/0081Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 with means for altering, e.g. enlarging, the entrance or exit pupil
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938Using specific optical elements
    • G02B27/0944Diffractive optical elements, e.g. gratings, holograms
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/42Diffraction optics, i.e. systems including a diffractive element being designed for providing a diffractive effect
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G02B2027/0112Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for genereting colour display
    • G02B2027/0114Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising device for genereting colour display comprising dichroic elements

Abstract

A kind of nearly eye display device based on diffractive optical element, it include: the laser for issuing the coherent light of collimation, the shape for changing hot spot and the beam shaping of light distribution, beam splitter, reflective micro display screen and the eyeglass at least six surfaces, the first diffractive optical element that can allow light that deviation occurs is prepared or be pasted on the first surface of the eyeglass, prepares or be pasted with the second diffractive optical element that light can be allowed to converge on second surface or third surface.The present apparatus only needs two diffractive optical elements that exit pupil expansion can be realized, wherein the second diffractive optical element may replace projection lens, imaging optical path is simplified on the whole.In addition, the device is integrated with vision correction function, user wears vision correction lens without additional.

Description

Nearly eye display device based on diffractive optical element
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of based on the close of diffractive optical element the present invention relates to a kind of technology in optical display means field Eye display device.
Background technique
Nearly eye shows (Near-Eye Display) that also known as wear-type shows that (Head-Mounted Display) is enhancing One of the key technology of reality, is the common visualization carrier of virtual world and real world.Belong to and can wear since nearly eye is shown Equipment is worn, therefore more stringent requirements are proposed to ergonomics.First, it is desirable that integrated vision correction function.In recent years, closely Disease incidence depending on optical disorders such as, long sights persistently increases.For suffering from the user crowd of above-mentioned optical disorders, aobvious using nearly eye Whens showing device, such as intelligent glasses, augmented reality (AR) or virtual reality (VR) helmet etc., need additionally to wear one secondary for regarding The glasses of power correction.This kind of design can not only make human eye far from emergent pupil, cause field angle (FOV) to lose, also lead to wearing When sense of discomfort, to influence user experience.Second, it is desirable that simplify complicated imaging optical path.The imaging optical path that nearly eye is shown relates to And multiple optical elements such as light source, micro display screen, beam splitter, projection lens, waveguide.In order to reduce aberration, projection lens is usually Lens group comprising 2 or more lens.In order to expand emergent pupil, waveguide surface or inside need at least three grating or half reflection Face.
Summary of the invention
The present invention In view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, proposes a kind of nearly eye display dress based on diffractive optical element It sets, is integrated with vision correction function, while only needing two diffractive optical elements that exit pupil expansion can be realized, in which: a diffraction Optical element may replace projection lens.Due to being integrated with vision correction function, user is not necessarily to volume when using this nearly eye display device Outer wearing vision correction lens.Since diffractive optical element can expand emergent pupil, and it may replace traditional projection lens, imaging optical path exists It is simplified on the whole.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention includes: for issuing the laser of the coherent light collimated, for changing the shape and light distribution of hot spot Beam shaping, beam splitter, reflective micro display screen and the eyeglass at least six surfaces, in which: the first of eyeglass The first diffractive optical element that can allow light that deviation occurs is prepared or be pasted on surface, is prepared on second surface or third surface Or it is pasted with the second diffractive optical element that light can be allowed to converge.
It is full that plane where the normal vector of the reflective micro display screen and the first diffractive optical element is formed by angle, θ Foot:
Wherein: M is the enlargement ratio of the length of hot spot in vertical direction.
The angle beta of the diffraction time of the maximal efficiency of first diffractive optical element meets:
Cos β=Nsin (- 90 ° of alpha+beta), in which: the amplification of the length that α is the base angle of eyeglass, N is hot spot in the horizontal direction Multiplying power.
The diopter of the second surface or third surface depends on the eyesight of user.
The laser is Wavelength tunable section laser.
The beam shaping is diffractive optical element or holographic optical element.
The beam splitter is unpolarized type beam splitter or polarization-type beam splitter.
The material of the eyeglass is glass, resin, the glass of blended photochromic materials or blended photochromic materials Resin.
The reflective micro display screen is silicon-based liquid crystal display screen or digital micromirror display screen, it is preferable that the silicon substrate Liquid crystal display is amplitude type spatial light modulator or phase type spatial light modulator.
First diffractive optical element is super surface (Metasurface), holographic grating, oblique raster, rectangular raster Or balzed grating,.
Second diffractive optical element is super lens (Superlens), base based on Meta Materials (Metamaterial) Thin film lens in diffractive optical element or the thin film lens based on holographic optical element, it is preferable that the super lens or film are saturating The diopter f of mirror meets:It is the second diffractive optical element that wherein it is reflective micro display screen dimensions, D away from, M that L, which is emergent pupil, Effective light passing size, E be emergent pupil size.
Technical effect
Compared with prior art, the technology of the present invention effect includes:
First, light is successively expanded in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, expands emergent pupil, enlargement ratio be M × N.Compared to traditional scheme based at least three gratings or reflecting surface, present invention reduction has used an optical element.
The second, the second diffractive optical element is substantially a thin film lens.Compared to traditional throwing being made of poly-lens Shadow camera lens, system light path greatly simplify.
Third, eyeglass second or three surface play the role of vision correction, i.e., be integrated with eyesight on same eyeglass Correction and optical waveguide.Compared to traditional nearly eye displaying scheme, vision correction lens are worn without additional, significantly improve use Family experience and wear comfort.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure and schematic illustration of the optical display based on diffractive optical element in embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the front view of the optical display based on diffractive optical element in embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the top view of the optical display based on diffractive optical element in embodiment 1;
In figure: laser 101, beam shaping 102, beam splitter 103, reflective micro display screen 104, eyeglass 105, first To third surface 105a~105c, the first diffractive optical element 106, the second diffractive optical element 107;
Fig. 4 is the structure and schematic illustration of the optical display based on diffractive optical element in embodiment 2;
Fig. 5 is the front view of the optical display based on diffractive optical element in embodiment 2;
Fig. 6 is the top view of the optical display based on diffractive optical element in embodiment 2;
In figure: laser 201, beam shaping 202, beam splitter 203, reflective micro display screen 204, eyeglass 205, first To third surface 205a~205c, the first diffractive optical element 206, the second diffractive optical element 207.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, including: laser for a kind of optical display based on diffractive optical element that the present embodiment is related to 101, beam shaping 102, beam splitter 103, reflective micro display screen 104 and tool there are six surface eyeglass 105, first It is pasted with the first diffractive optical element 106 on the 105a of surface, the second diffractive optical element 107 is pasted on the 105c of third surface.
In the present embodiment, the laser 101 is Wavelength tunable section laser;Beam shaping 102 is diffraction light member Part or holographic optical element;Beam splitter 103 is unpolarized type beam splitter or polarization-type beam splitter;Reflective micro display screen 104 is silicon Base fluid crystal display screen or digital micromirror display screen, it is preferable that silicon-based liquid crystal display screen is amplitude type spatial light modulator or phase Type spatial light modulator;The material of eyeglass 105 is that glass, resin, the glass of blended photochromic materials or doping are photochromic The resin of material;The normal vector and 106 place plane of the first diffractive optical element of reflective micro display screen 104 are formed by angle, θ Meet:Wherein: M is the enlargement ratio of the length of hot spot in vertical direction;First diffractive optical element 106 is Super surface (Metasurface), holographic grating, oblique raster, rectangular raster or balzed grating,;The maximum of first diffractive optical element The angle beta of the diffraction time of efficiency meets: cos β=Nsin (- 90 ° of alpha+beta), in which: α is the base angle of eyeglass, N is hot spot The enlargement ratio of length in the horizontal direction;Second diffractive optical element 107 is based on the super of Meta Materials (Metamaterial) Mirror (Superlens), the thin film lens based on diffractive optical element or the thin film lens based on holographic optical element, it is preferable that super The diopter f of mirror or thin film lens meets:It is second that wherein it is reflective micro display screen dimensions, D away from, M that L, which is emergent pupil, Effective light passing size of diffractive optical element, E are emergent pupil size.
The imaging process of the present embodiment virtual scene are as follows: the coherent light of the sending collimation of laser 101 to beam shaping 102.Beam shaping 102 is by the hot spot of laser 101 ----generally circular, diameter is less than 1 millimeter, light distribution unevenness It is even ----rectangle, side length are converted into greater than 1 millimeter, the hot spot of optical power detection.Beam splitter 103 will pass through beam shaping 102 light for being incident to it reflex to reflective micro display screen 104;Reflective micro display screen 104 is by the light of load image information Line reflection returns beam splitter 103;The light that reflective micro display screen 104 is reflected back is transmitted through the first diffraction light member by beam splitter 103 Part 106.As shown in Fig. 2, by the 106 place plane institute shape of normal vector and the first diffractive optical element of reflective micro display screen 104 At angle be θ, therefore the length of hot spot that light is projected out on the first diffractive optical element 106 will be drawn in vertical direction Extend to original M times.According to projection theorem,As shown in figure 3, the first diffractive optical element 106 is by light along angle beta Diffraction direction deviation enter eyeglass 105.Light propagates on the third surface 105c of eyeglass 105 in eyeglass 105 Two diffractive optical elements 107.It is -90 ° of alpha+beta since light and 107 place plane of the second diffractive optical element are formed by angle, The length for the hot spot that light is projected out on the second diffractive optical element 107 will be stretched to original N times in the horizontal direction.Root According to projection theorem,It should be strongly noted that different from the first diffractive optical element 106, second spreads out Optical element 107 is penetrated for the light of specific wavelength and special angle, effect, which can be equivalent to one, has positive diopter Thin film lens.Therefore, when light is after the convergence of the second diffractive optical element 107 enters human eye 108, human eye 108 will be seen that one The virtual image of the reflective micro display screen 104 of a amplification.
The imaging process of the real scene of the present embodiment are as follows: the light that the real-world object in true environment locating for user is issued Line will pass sequentially through eyeglass 105 and the second diffractive optical element 107, subsequently into human eye 108.The second surface 105b of eyeglass 105 Face shape depend on user eyesight.If user's normal visual acuity, second surface 105b is a flat surface.If user is with close Depending on then second surface 105b is a concave surface.If user suffers from long sight, second surface 105b is a convex surface.
In conclusion user both can see virtual scene by the present apparatus, it can also be seen that real scene, thus real The display effect of existing augmented reality.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 4, including: laser for a kind of optical display based on diffractive optical element that the present embodiment is related to 201, beam shaping 202, beam splitter 203, reflective micro display screen 204 and tool there are six surface eyeglass 205, first It is prepared with the first diffractive optical element 206 on the 205a of surface, the second diffractive optical element 207 is prepared on the 205c of third surface, The diopter of third surface 205c depends on user's eyesight;
In the present embodiment, the laser 201 is Wavelength tunable section laser;Beam shaping 202 is diffraction light member Part or holographic optical element;Beam splitter 203 is unpolarized type beam splitter or polarization-type beam splitter;Reflective micro display screen 204 is silicon Base fluid crystal display screen or digital micromirror display screen, it is preferable that silicon-based liquid crystal display screen is amplitude type spatial light modulator or phase Type spatial light modulator;The material of eyeglass 205 is that glass, resin, the glass of blended photochromic materials or doping are photochromic The resin of material;The normal vector and 206 place plane of the first diffractive optical element of reflective micro display screen 204 are formed by angle, θ Meet:Wherein: M is the enlargement ratio of the length of hot spot in vertical direction;First diffractive optical element 206 is Super surface (Metasurface), holographic grating, oblique raster, rectangular raster or balzed grating,;First diffractive optical element 206 The angle beta of the diffraction time of maximal efficiency meets: cos β=Nsin (- 90 ° of alpha+beta), in which: α is the base angle of eyeglass, N is light The enlargement ratio of the length of spot in the horizontal direction;Second diffractive optical element 207 is based on Meta Materials (Metamaterial) Super lens (Superlens), the thin film lens based on diffractive optical element or the thin film lens based on holographic optical element, it is preferable that The diopter f of super lens or thin film lens meets:It is that reflective micro display screen dimensions, D are that wherein L, which is emergent pupil away from, M, Effective light passing size of second diffractive optical element, E are emergent pupil size.
The imaging process of the present embodiment virtual scene are as follows: the coherent light of the sending collimation of laser 201 to beam shaping 202.Beam shaping 202 is by the hot spot of laser 201 ----generally circular, diameter is less than 1 millimeter, light distribution unevenness It is even ----rectangle, side length are converted into greater than 1 millimeter, the hot spot of optical power detection.Beam splitter 203 will pass through beam shaping 202 light for being incident to it reflex to reflective micro display screen 204;Reflective micro display screen 204 is by the light of load image information Line reflection returns beam splitter 203;The light that reflective micro display screen 204 is reflected back is transmitted through the first diffraction light member by beam splitter 203 Part 206.As shown in figure 5, by the 206 place plane institute shape of normal vector and the first diffractive optical element of reflective micro display screen 204 At angle be θ, therefore the length of hot spot that light is projected out on the first diffractive optical element 206 will be drawn in vertical direction Extend to original M times.According to projection theorem,As shown in fig. 6, the first diffractive optical element 206 is by light along angle beta Diffraction direction deviation enter eyeglass 205.Light propagates on the third surface 205c of eyeglass 205 in eyeglass 205 Two diffractive optical elements 207.It is -90 ° of alpha+beta since light and 207 place plane of the second diffractive optical element are formed by angle, The length for the hot spot that light is projected out on the second diffractive optical element 207 will be stretched to original N times in the horizontal direction.Root According to projection theorem,It should be strongly noted that different from the first diffractive optical element 206, second spreads out Optical element 207 is penetrated for the light of specific wavelength and special angle, effect, which can be equivalent to one, has positive diopter Thin film lens.Therefore, when light is after the convergence of the second diffractive optical element 207 enters human eye 208, human eye 208 will be seen that one The virtual image of the reflective micro display screen 204 of a amplification.
The imaging process of the real scene of the present embodiment are as follows: the light that the real-world object in true environment locating for user is issued Line will pass sequentially through eyeglass 205 and the second diffractive optical element 207, subsequently into human eye 208.The third surface 205c of eyeglass 205 Face shape depend on user eyesight.If user's normal visual acuity, third surface 205c is a flat surface.If user is with close Depending on then third surface 205c is a concave surface.If user suffers from long sight, third surface 205c is a convex surface.
In conclusion user both can see virtual scene by the present apparatus, it can also be seen that real scene, thus real The display effect of existing augmented reality.
Above-mentioned specific implementation can by those skilled in the art under the premise of without departing substantially from the principle of the invention and objective with difference Mode carry out local directed complete set to it, protection scope of the present invention is subject to claims and not by above-mentioned specific implementation institute Limit, each implementation within its scope is by the constraint of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of nearly eye display device based on diffractive optical element characterized by comprising
For issue collimation coherent light laser,
For changing hot spot shape and light distribution beam shaping,
Beam splitter,
Reflective micro display screen and the eyeglass at least six surfaces,
Wherein: prepare or be pasted on the first surface of eyeglass can allow light occur deviation the first diffractive optical element, second The second diffractive optical element that light can be allowed to converge is prepared or is pasted on surface or third surface;
Plane where the normal vector of the reflective micro display screen and the first diffractive optical element is formed by angle, θ satisfaction:Wherein: M is the enlargement ratio of the length of hot spot in vertical direction;
The angle beta of the diffraction time of the maximal efficiency of first diffractive optical element meets: cos β=Nsin (alpha+beta- 90 °), in which: the enlargement ratio of the length that α is the base angle of eyeglass, N is hot spot in the horizontal direction.
2. nearly eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser is Wavelength tunable section laser Device.
3. nearly eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the beam shaping be diffractive optical element or Holographic optical element.
4. nearly eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the beam splitter be unpolarized type beam splitter or Polarization-type beam splitter.
5. nearly eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the material of the eyeglass is to adulterate photochromic material The glass of material or the resin of blended photochromic materials.
6. nearly eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflective micro display screen is liquid crystal on silicon Display screen or digital micromirror display screen.
7. nearly eye display device according to claim 6, characterized in that the silicon-based liquid crystal display screen is that amplitude type is empty Between optical modulator or phase type spatial light modulator.
8. nearly eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that first diffractive optical element be super surface, Holographic grating, oblique raster, rectangular raster or balzed grating,.
9. nearly eye display device according to claim 1, characterized in that second diffractive optical element is based on super material The super lens of material, the thin film lens based on diffractive optical element or the thin film lens based on holographic optical element.
10. nearly eye display device according to claim 9, characterized in that the dioptric of the super lens or thin film lens F is spent to meet:It is the effective logical of the second diffractive optical element that wherein it is reflective micro display screen dimensions, D away from, M that L, which is emergent pupil, Light size, E are emergent pupil size.
CN201811353927.8A 2018-11-14 2018-11-14 Nearly eye display device based on diffractive optical element Pending CN109188688A (en)

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CN110456512A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-11-15 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 A kind of near-eye display system expanding pupil based on diffraction optical element
CN111240015A (en) * 2020-01-17 2020-06-05 北京理工大学 Diffraction waveguide with uniform double-side outgoing light
CN112147786A (en) * 2020-10-28 2020-12-29 南京爱奇艺智能科技有限公司 Augmented reality display system
WO2021036525A1 (en) * 2019-08-29 2021-03-04 华为技术有限公司 Optical combiner in augmented reality and related device
CN113176665A (en) * 2021-04-15 2021-07-27 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 Super-surface structure lens, manufacturing method thereof and near-to-eye display system
CN113391392A (en) * 2021-06-18 2021-09-14 北京亮亮视野科技有限公司 Optical waveguide combiner and head-mounted equipment
CN113534477A (en) * 2020-04-14 2021-10-22 蒋晶 Optical assembly, display system and manufacturing method
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WO2022135284A1 (en) * 2020-12-24 2022-06-30 华为技术有限公司 Display module, and method and apparatus for adjusting position of virtual image
CN117031762A (en) * 2023-09-28 2023-11-10 杭州光粒科技有限公司 Head-up display

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021036525A1 (en) * 2019-08-29 2021-03-04 华为技术有限公司 Optical combiner in augmented reality and related device
CN110456512A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-11-15 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 A kind of near-eye display system expanding pupil based on diffraction optical element
CN111240015A (en) * 2020-01-17 2020-06-05 北京理工大学 Diffraction waveguide with uniform double-side outgoing light
CN113534477A (en) * 2020-04-14 2021-10-22 蒋晶 Optical assembly, display system and manufacturing method
CN113534476A (en) * 2020-04-14 2021-10-22 蒋晶 Optical assembly, display system and manufacturing method
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WO2022135284A1 (en) * 2020-12-24 2022-06-30 华为技术有限公司 Display module, and method and apparatus for adjusting position of virtual image
CN114217428A (en) * 2021-01-29 2022-03-22 广州立景创新科技有限公司 Image sensing device
CN113176665A (en) * 2021-04-15 2021-07-27 深圳珑璟光电技术有限公司 Super-surface structure lens, manufacturing method thereof and near-to-eye display system
CN113391392A (en) * 2021-06-18 2021-09-14 北京亮亮视野科技有限公司 Optical waveguide combiner and head-mounted equipment
CN117031762A (en) * 2023-09-28 2023-11-10 杭州光粒科技有限公司 Head-up display
CN117031762B (en) * 2023-09-28 2024-01-30 杭州光粒科技有限公司 Head-up display

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Application publication date: 20190111