CN113391392A - Optical waveguide combiner and head-mounted equipment - Google Patents

Optical waveguide combiner and head-mounted equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113391392A
CN113391392A CN202110677525.9A CN202110677525A CN113391392A CN 113391392 A CN113391392 A CN 113391392A CN 202110677525 A CN202110677525 A CN 202110677525A CN 113391392 A CN113391392 A CN 113391392A
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China
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optical waveguide
super
light beam
super surface
polarized light
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CN202110677525.9A
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CN113391392B (en
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李勇
吴斐
梁祥龙
陆希炜
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Beijing LLvision Technology Co ltd
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Beijing LLvision Technology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0013Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide
    • G02B6/0023Means for improving the coupling-in of light from the light source into the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed between the light guide and the light source, or around the light source
    • G02B6/0026Wavelength selective element, sheet or layer, e.g. filter or grating
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017Head mounted
    • G02B27/0172Head mounted characterised by optical features
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/0001Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems
    • G02B6/0011Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings specially adapted for lighting devices or systems the light guides being planar or of plate-like form
    • G02B6/0033Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide
    • G02B6/005Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided by one optical element, or plurality thereof, placed on the light output side of the light guide
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01Head-up displays
    • G02B27/017Head mounted
    • G02B2027/0178Eyeglass type

Abstract

The invention provides an optical waveguide combiner and a head-mounted device, wherein the optical waveguide combiner comprises: the optical waveguide chip comprises an optical waveguide chip, a first super surface and a second super surface, wherein the first super surface and the second super surface are respectively arranged in areas at two ends of the optical waveguide chip; the first and second super-surfaces respectively comprise: the rectangular columnar unit structures are arranged according to the phase difference and the diffraction efficiency on light rays and have different rotation angles; the incident first light beam is diffracted by the first super surface, enters the optical waveguide sheet for transmission, is diffracted by the second super surface and then is uniformly emitted, and the second light beam incident on the second super surface is diffracted by the second super surface and then is uniformly emitted with diopter divergence. When the optical waveguide combiner is applied to the head-mounted equipment, the first light beam and the second light beam are fused in front of eyes of a person, so that immersive experience can be enhanced, and the second light beam has diopter divergence and can have a myopia lens function.

Description

Optical waveguide combiner and head-mounted equipment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of super-surfaces, in particular to an optical waveguide combiner and a head-mounted device.
Background
Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology for calculating the position and angle of a camera image in real time and adding a corresponding image, and aims to sleeve a virtual world on a screen in the real world and interact with the real world so as to emphasize the seamless combination of virtual and real. Augmented reality devices, such as AR glasses, are widely used in stereoscopic movies as a head-mounted device.
Because the myopia audiences exist in the film watching crowd of the three-dimensional film, the myopia audiences need to wear the myopia glasses and the AR glasses when watching the three-dimensional film, and poor film watching experience is brought to the myopia audiences.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an optical waveguide combiner and a head-mounted device, which are used for solving the defect that the head-mounted device in the prior art does not have a myopia correction function, can integrate the myopia correction function into a whole and are convenient for myopia people to use.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides an optical waveguide combiner comprising: the optical waveguide chip comprises an optical waveguide chip, a first super surface and a second super surface, wherein the first super surface and the second super surface are respectively arranged in areas at two ends of the optical waveguide chip; the first and second super-surfaces respectively comprise: the rectangular columnar unit structures are arranged according to phase difference and diffraction efficiency on light rays and have different rotation angles; the incident first light beam is diffracted by the first super surface, enters the optical waveguide sheet for transmission, is diffracted by the second super surface and then is uniformly emitted, and the second light beam incident on the second super surface is diffracted by the second super surface and then is uniformly emitted with diopter divergence.
According to the optical waveguide combiner provided by the invention, the first super-surface and the second super-surface are respectively arranged on the surfaces of the same side of the optical waveguide sheet.
According to the optical waveguide combiner provided by the invention, the first super-surface and the second super-surface are respectively arranged on the surfaces of two opposite sides of the optical waveguide sheet.
According to the optical waveguide combiner provided by the invention, the first light beam is a light beam with image information, and the second light beam is a natural light beam. According to the optical waveguide combiner provided by the invention, the first light beam is first polarized light, the first polarized light is converted into first circularly polarized light through the first super surface and enters the optical waveguide sheet for transmission, and the first circularly polarized light is converted into second circularly polarized light which is uniformly emitted through the second super surface; the second light beam is natural light beams, the second polarized light is obtained after the natural light beams are filtered through a polarizing filter, and the second polarized light is converted into third circularly polarized light with diopter divergence through the second super surface and is uniformly emitted.
According to the optical waveguide combiner provided by the invention, the material of the rectangular columnar unit structure comprises one of the following materials: titanium oxide, silicon nitride, gallium nitride.
According to the optical waveguide combiner provided by the invention, the material of the optical waveguide sheet is fused quartz.
According to the optical waveguide combiner provided by the invention, the first super-surface and the second super-surface are manufactured on the optical waveguide sheet by adopting a semiconductor manufacturing process.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a head-mounted device comprising a lens made of the optical waveguide combiner.
The head-mounted equipment provided by the invention comprises one of augmented reality glasses and an augmented reality helmet.
The invention provides an optical waveguide combiner and a head-mounted device, comprising: the optical waveguide chip comprises an optical waveguide chip, a first super surface and a second super surface, wherein the first super surface and the second super surface are respectively arranged in areas at two ends of the optical waveguide chip; the first and second super-surfaces respectively comprise: the rectangular columnar unit structures are arranged according to the phase difference and the diffraction efficiency on light rays and have different rotation angles; the incident first light beam is diffracted by the first super surface, enters the optical waveguide sheet for transmission, is diffracted by the second super surface and then is uniformly emitted, and the second light beam incident on the second super surface is diffracted by the second super surface and then is uniformly emitted with diopter divergence. The first super surface and the second super surface are provided with the same rectangular columnar unit structures, and the rectangular columnar unit structures are arranged according to phase differences and diffraction efficiency of light rays and have different rotation angles, so that the first light beam can be uniformly emitted, and the second light beam can be uniformly emitted with diopter divergence. When the optical waveguide combiner is applied to the head-mounted equipment, the first light beam and the second light beam which are emitted from the second super surface can be fused before human eyes, so that the immersive experience is enhanced, and meanwhile, the second light beam which is emitted from the second super surface has diopter divergence and can have the function of a myopia lens, so that the head-mounted equipment integrates the myopia correction function, and the use experience of a user can be improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical waveguide combiner according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a process for fabricating a first super-surface and/or a second super-surface according to the present invention;
fig. 3A to 3C are schematic diagrams of rectangular pillar-shaped unit structures according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view under a microscope of a rectangular columnar unit structure provided by the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another optical waveguide combiner according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical waveguide combiner according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the optical waveguide combiner includes: the optical waveguide chip comprises an optical waveguide chip, a first super surface and a second super surface, wherein the first super surface and the second super surface are respectively arranged in areas at two ends of the optical waveguide chip; the first and second super-surfaces respectively comprise: the rectangular columnar unit structures are arranged according to the phase difference and the diffraction efficiency on light rays and have different rotation angles; the incident first light beam is diffracted by the first super surface, enters the optical waveguide sheet for transmission, is diffracted by the second super surface and then is uniformly emitted, and the second light beam incident on the second super surface is diffracted by the second super surface and then is uniformly emitted with diopter divergence. In the present invention, the rectangular columnar unit structure refers to a columnar unit structure having a rectangular cross section.
The optical waveguide sheet is a dielectric device for guiding light waves to propagate therein, and is also called a dielectric optical waveguide. The optical waveguide sheet is a guide structure made of an optically transparent medium for transmitting electromagnetic waves of optical frequencies. On the interface of the medium with different refractive indexes, the total reflection phenomenon of the electromagnetic wave leads the light wave to be limited in the waveguide and the limited area around the waveguide for propagation. Optionally, the material of the optical waveguide sheet may be fused silica, and the fused silica material has a good transmittance to the full optical wavelength band, so that the external ambient light can be well transmitted through the lens and enter the eyes.
By super-surface is meant an artificial layered material with a thickness less than the wavelength. The super-surface can realize flexible and effective regulation and control of characteristics such as electromagnetic wave polarization, amplitude, phase, polarization mode, propagation mode and the like. The first super surface and the second super surface adopt a geometric phase type medium super surface scheme, and can perform wavelength-level phase and amplitude regulation and control on light in different polarization states. The size of the first super surface and the size of the second super surface may be the same or different. The size of the first super-surface and the size of the second super-surface are not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.
Optionally, the first and second super-surfaces are fabricated on the optical waveguide sheet using a semiconductor fabrication process. Conventional semiconductor manufacturing processes include thin film fabrication, imprinting, etching, doping, and the like.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a process for fabricating a first super-surface or/and a second super-surface according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the process of manufacturing the first super surface or/and the second super surface includes: step 1, selecting a substrate with corrosion resistance; step 2, carrying out engraving on the substrate; step 3, performing initial atomic layer deposition on the substrate; step 4, carrying out complete atomic layer deposition on the substrate; step 5, removing the protective film through etching; and 6, carrying out final surface fusion.
Fig. 3A to 3C are schematic diagrams of the rectangular columnar unit structure provided in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3A, the length L and the width W of the rectangular columnar unit structure are not less than 100 nanometers, and the height H is 380-600 nanometers. The substrate under the rectangular columnar unit structure is a cut part of the optical waveguide sheet, the intervals among the rectangular columnar unit structures are the same, and the interval S is not more than 350 nanometers. Optionally, the material of the rectangular columnar unit structure includes one of titanium oxide, silicon nitride, and gallium nitride. The material of the rectangular columnar unit structure is not limited in the embodiment of the invention. Because titanium oxide is almost transparent in all optical bands; the geometrical phase is in principle weak in relation to the wavelength of light; and titanium oxide has a melting point of 1840 ℃ and a boiling point of 2900 ℃ and a density of 4.26g/mL (25 ℃), a refractive index of 2.61, and stability at normal temperature and pressure, and titanium oxide is preferably used as a material of the rectangular columnar unit structure.
Each rectangular columnar unit structure arranged in the first super-surface region and the second super-surface region is the same, that is, the length, width and height of each rectangular columnar unit structure are correspondingly equal. The interval between the rectangular columnar unit structures disposed in the first super-surface region and the interval between the rectangular columnar unit structures disposed in the second super-surface region may be the same or different, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention. Since the size of the first super surface and the size of the second super surface may be the same or different, the number of the rectangular columnar unit structures provided in the first super surface region and the number of the rectangular columnar unit structures provided in the second super surface region may be the same or different. The embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Fig. 3B and 3C are top views of rectangular columnar cell structures, and as shown in fig. 3B and 3C, the rectangular columnar cell structures are disposed in different directions, that is, at different rotation angles. Fig. 4 is a top view of a rectangular columnar unit structure under a microscope. As shown in fig. 4, the rectangular columnar unit structures are uniformly arranged, no blank area exists, and the rotation angles of the rectangular columnar unit structures are different, so that the uniform arrangement of the rectangular columnar unit structures can ensure the effect of beam imaging.
Optionally, the first light beam is a light beam with image information, and the second light beam is a natural light beam. As shown in fig. 1, the first light beam may be a first polarized light, and is incident to the first super surface in parallel, the first polarized light is converted into a first circularly polarized light by the first super surface, enters the optical waveguide sheet for transmission, and is reflected in the optical waveguide sheet for a plurality of times continuously, and the first circularly polarized light is converted into a second circularly polarized light which is emitted uniformly by the second super surface; because the first super-surface area is provided with the rectangular columnar unit structure, the rectangular columnar unit structure can enable the incident first polarized light to realize large-angle deflection in the optical waveguide sheet; the second light beam is natural light beams and is filtered by the polarizing filter to obtain second polarized light, and the second polarized light is converted into third circularly polarized light with diopter divergence through the second super surface and is uniformly emitted. The human eye can simultaneously see a real image formed by the third circularly polarized light and a virtual image formed by the second circularly polarized light. Because the second super surface makes the third circular polarized light diverge and emerge, can make the formation of image focus of real image skew backward, for myopia crowd, need not to wear under the circumstances of myopia glasses, the formation of image focus of real image falls on the retina, can make myopia crowd clear sight thing.
Alternatively, the first circularly polarized light and the second circularly polarized light may be polarized light having different handedness. The rotation directions of the first circularly polarized light and the second circularly polarized light are not limited in the embodiment of the invention. The second circularly polarized light and the third circularly polarized light may be polarized light having the same handedness. Typically, the first circularly polarized light is right-circularly polarized light, and the second circularly polarized light and the third circularly polarized light are left-circularly polarized light.
In some alternative examples, the first and second super-surfaces are respectively disposed on the surfaces of the optical waveguide sheet on the same side. As shown in fig. 1, the first super-surface and the second super-surface are both disposed on a side of the optical waveguide sheet away from human eyes.
In some alternative examples, the first and second super-surfaces are respectively disposed on surfaces of the optical waveguide sheet on opposite sides thereof. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of another optical waveguide combiner according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the first super-surface is disposed on a side of the optical waveguide sheet close to the human eye, and the second super-surface is disposed on a side of the optical waveguide sheet away from the human eye.
The first super-surface and the second super-surface are respectively disposed on the surface of the same side of the optical waveguide sheet and the first super-surface and the second super-surface are respectively disposed on the surfaces of the opposite sides of the optical waveguide sheet, that is, in the two embodiments, the propagation process and principle of light are the same, and details are not described herein.
The invention provides an optical waveguide combiner, comprising: the optical waveguide chip comprises an optical waveguide chip, a first super surface and a second super surface, wherein the first super surface and the second super surface are respectively arranged in areas at two ends of the optical waveguide chip; the first and second super-surfaces respectively comprise: the rectangular columnar unit structures are arranged according to the phase difference and the diffraction efficiency on light rays and have different rotation angles; the incident first light beam is diffracted by the first super surface, enters the optical waveguide sheet for transmission, is diffracted by the second super surface and then is uniformly emitted, and the second light beam incident on the second super surface is diffracted by the second super surface and then is uniformly emitted with diopter divergence. The first super surface and the second super surface are provided with the same rectangular columnar unit structures, and the rectangular columnar unit structures are arranged according to phase differences and diffraction efficiency on light rays and have different rotation angles, so that the first light beam can be uniformly emitted, and the second light beam can be uniformly emitted with diopter divergence; when the optical waveguide combiner is applied to the head-mounted device, the first light beam can be a light beam carrying image information, the second light beam can be a natural light beam, and the immersive experience can be enhanced by fusing the first light beam and the second light beam emitted by the second super-surface before human eyes and presenting a real image and a virtual image at the same time; simultaneously through making the second light beam that the super surface of second emergent have diopter to diverge, can possess the function of myopia lens to make wear-type equipment collect near-sighted function in an organic whole of correcting, can improve user's use and experience.
The embodiment of the invention also provides head-mounted equipment which comprises a lens manufactured by the optical waveguide combiner. The optical waveguide combiner shown in fig. 1 is applied to the lens of a head-mounted device. Taking the optical waveguide combiner shown in fig. 1 applied to a right eyeglass as an example, the first super-surface region is located at a temple position on the right side of a human body and is used for receiving a light beam carrying image information; the second super-surface area is positioned at the right eye and used for receiving the light beams emitted by the optical waveguide sheet. The light beam carrying image information, namely the first light beam is incident to the first super surface, the rectangular columnar unit structure is arranged in the first super surface area, the incident first light beam can be deflected at a large angle in the optical waveguide sheet and is totally reflected to the second super surface, the rectangular columnar unit structure is also distributed in the second super surface area, the incident first light beam can be emitted in parallel and reaches human eyes, and the virtual image formed by the first light beam can be seen by the human eyes. When the first light beam is totally reflected in the optical waveguide sheet, the second light beam, namely the natural light beam, is incident to the second super surface, and the rectangular columnar unit structure arranged in the second super surface area can disperse and emit the incident second light beam to reach human eyes, so that the human eyes can see a real image formed by the second light beam. The first light beam and the second light beam emitted by the second super surface are fused at the positions of human eyes, and the human eyes can see the virtual image and the real image simultaneously and feel immersive experience. The second super surface can enable the emergent second light beam to diverge, so that the focus of real image imaging moves backwards, the imaging principle of the myopia glasses is met, and the head-mounted equipment integrates the augmented reality function and the myopia correction function.
The optical waveguide combiner shown in fig. 1 is applied to a left eyeglass, the first super-surface area is located at the position of the temple on the left side of the human body, and the second super-surface area is located at the position of the left eye, which is consistent with the principle of being applied to a right eyeglass, and is not described herein again.
The head-mounted equipment provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a lens manufactured by the optical waveguide combiner. This head-mounted equipment need not additionally to wear myopia glasses when experiencing augmented reality technique to myopia crowd, can promote to experience and feel.
Optionally, the optical waveguide combiner shown in fig. 5 is applied to a lens of a head-mounted device, and the propagation process and principle of light are the same as those of the above embodiments, which are not described herein again.
Optionally, the head-mounted device may include one of augmented reality glasses and an augmented reality helmet. Augmented reality glasses and augmented reality helmets are often used in the medical field, commercial activities, and the movie field, etc.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An optical waveguide combiner, comprising: the optical waveguide chip comprises an optical waveguide chip, a first super surface and a second super surface, wherein the first super surface and the second super surface are respectively arranged in areas at two ends of the optical waveguide chip;
the first and second super-surfaces respectively comprise: the rectangular columnar unit structures are arranged according to phase difference and diffraction efficiency on light rays and have different rotation angles;
the incident first light beam is diffracted by the first super surface, enters the optical waveguide sheet for transmission, is diffracted by the second super surface and then is uniformly emitted, and the second light beam incident on the second super surface is diffracted by the second super surface and then is uniformly emitted with diopter divergence.
2. The optical waveguide combiner of claim 1, wherein the first and second super-surfaces are respectively disposed on surfaces of the same side of the optical waveguide sheet.
3. The optical waveguide combiner of claim 1, wherein the first and second super-surfaces are disposed on surfaces on opposite sides of the optical waveguide sheet, respectively.
4. The optical waveguide combiner of any one of claims 1-3, wherein the first light beam is a light beam with image information and the second light beam is a natural light beam.
5. The optical waveguide combiner of claim 4, wherein the first light beam is a first polarized light, the first polarized light is converted into a first circularly polarized light by the first super-surface and transmitted into the optical waveguide sheet, and the first circularly polarized light is converted into a second circularly polarized light which is uniformly emitted by the second super-surface;
the second light beam is natural light beams, the second polarized light is obtained after the natural light beams are filtered through a polarizing filter, and the second polarized light is converted into third circularly polarized light with diopter divergence through the second super surface and is uniformly emitted.
6. The optical waveguide combiner of claim 5, wherein the material of the rectangular columnar cell structure comprises one of: titanium oxide, silicon nitride, gallium nitride.
7. The optical waveguide combiner of claim 6, wherein the material of the optical waveguide sheet is fused silica.
8. The optical waveguide combiner of claim 7, wherein the first and second super-surfaces are fabricated on the optical waveguide sheet using a semiconductor fabrication process.
9. A head-mounted device comprising a lens made from the optical waveguide combiner.
10. The head-mounted device of claim 9, comprising one of augmented reality glasses and an augmented reality helmet.
CN202110677525.9A 2021-06-18 2021-06-18 Optical waveguide combiner and head-mounted equipment Active CN113391392B (en)

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