CN114609787A - AR (augmented reality) glasses lens capable of eliminating rainbow lines, manufacturing method and AR glasses - Google Patents
AR (augmented reality) glasses lens capable of eliminating rainbow lines, manufacturing method and AR glasses Download PDFInfo
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- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses AR (augmented reality) spectacle lenses for eliminating rainbow patterns, a manufacturing method and AR spectacles, wherein the AR spectacle lenses for eliminating rainbow patterns comprise AR spectacle lenses, the AR spectacle lenses comprise semi-transparent semi-reflective spectacle lenses and super-surface lenses with phase gradient distribution, and the super-surface lenses are arranged on the outer surfaces of the spectacle lenses and used for changing the transmission direction of incident light so that the incident light is totally reflected on the inner surfaces of the spectacle lenses at least once. The invention aims to provide an AR (augmented reality) glasses lens for eliminating rainbow lines, a manufacturing method and AR glasses, so as to solve the problem of rainbow line effect in the traditional AR glasses.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of AR (augmented reality) glasses, in particular to AR glasses lenses capable of eliminating rainbow stripes, a manufacturing method and AR glasses.
Background
AR glasses are a realistic enhancement of the vision of the human eye, augmenting a real scene with a virtual image and the superposition of the real world. The quality of imaging becomes an important factor that limits its development. For head-mounted AR glasses, a solution of Holographic Optical Element (HOE) is widely adopted in the industry at present. The structure of the HOE covers the surface of the whole lens, and based on the structural characteristics of the HOE, when the HOE is irradiated by sunlight or light, part of the transmitted light is inevitably diffracted by the surface structure of the HOE, and the diffracted light enters human eyes, so that the rainbow effect is formed due to the dispersion effect, and the use experience of a wearer is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides AR (augmented reality) glasses lenses for eliminating rainbow lines, a manufacturing method and AR glasses, and aims to solve the problem of rainbow line effect existing in traditional AR glasses.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the embodiment of the application provides an eliminate AR spectacle lens of rainbow line, including AR spectacle lens, AR spectacle lens includes semi-transparent semi-reflective spectacle lens and the surperficial lens that surpasses that has the phase gradient and distribute, surpass surperficial lens set up in the surface of spectacle lens for change incident light's direction of transmission, make incident light is in total reflection takes place once at least for the internal surface of spectacle lens.
Optionally, the glasses lenses include a semi-transparent and semi-reflective first lens and a semi-transparent and semi-reflective second lens, the first lens is in a right triangle shape, the second lens is in a right trapezoid shape, and the first lens and the second lens form a rectangular structure after being attached to each other; the super surface lens is arranged on the top of the second lens.
Optionally, the preset phase gradient distribution is a symmetric phase distribution, a parabolic phase distribution or a hyperbolic phase distribution.
Optionally, the unit structure of the super-surface lens is a dielectric columnar structure.
A second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a method for manufacturing an AR eyeglass lens without rainbow stripes, including the steps of:
calculating a phase gradient distribution function of the super-surface lens by adopting a generalized Snell's law based on a preset light source position, a preset imaging position, the thickness and the refractive index of the spectacle lens;
constructing a unit structure of the super-surface lens and an arrangement mode of the unit structure based on the phase gradient distribution function;
arranging the unit structures based on the arrangement mode to obtain the super-surface lens with phase gradient distribution;
disposing the super-surface lens having a phase gradient profile on an outer surface of the eyeglass lens.
Optionally, the phase gradient distribution function is:
where Φ represents the phase gradient distribution function, k0Representing the wave vector in vacuum, l representing the distance between the preset light source position and the preset imaging position, n1Denotes the refractive index, x, of the medium in which the light source is located0And y0Representing the position coordinates of the super-surface lens, n2Denotes the refractive index, x, of the spectacle lens1,y1And z1Representing preset coordinates of the position of the light source, x2,y2And z2Representing preset imaging position coordinates.
A third aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an AR glasses for eliminating rainbow stripes, including a frame and an AR optical machine disposed on the frame; still include as above the AR spectacle lens of elimination rainbow line, AR spectacle lens set up in the picture frame, just AR spectacle lens with the AR optical machine is parallel, the central axis of AR spectacle lens with the central axis coincidence of optical machine.
Optionally, the AR light engine comprises a light emitting source, and the light emitting source is monochromatic light or RGB tricolor light.
Optionally, when the light-emitting source is RGB three-color light, the green light source is located between the red light source and the blue light source.
Optionally, the AR optical device includes a left optical device and a right optical device, and display contents of the left optical device and the right optical device are the same or different.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1. the super-surface lens with phase gradient distribution is arranged on the glasses lens, and the super-surface lens is utilized to enable light emitted by the optical machine to generate large-angle deflection, so that incident light can be totally reflected in the glasses lens, the totally reflected incident light is semi-transmitted and semi-reflected when being transmitted to the edge of the glasses lens, and the reflected light enters human eyes for imaging, thereby avoiding rainbow ripple effect generated by HOE (optical emission enhanced) and improving the color uniformity of light beams;
2. by using the freedom of the super-surface lens in imaging design, the size of the finally presented virtual image can be arbitrarily scaled, so that the imaging range covers the whole field of view.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an AR spectacle lens in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the imaging principle of a super-surface lens in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating the fabrication of a super-surface lens according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a super-surface lens unit in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an array arrangement of super-surface lens units in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of AR glasses in the embodiment of the present application;
reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1. a super-surface lens; 2. a first lens; 3. a second lens; 4. a unit structure; 5. AR ray apparatus.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example 1
An AR spectacle lens for eliminating rainbow patterns is shown in figure 1 and comprises an AR spectacle lens, wherein the AR spectacle lens comprises semi-transparent semi-reflective spectacle lenses and super-surface lenses 1 with phase gradient distribution, and the super-surface lenses 1 are arranged on the outer surfaces of the spectacle lenses and used for changing the transmission direction of incident light so that the incident light can be totally reflected on the inner surfaces of the spectacle lenses at least once. Preferably, in order to avoid or reduce the visual obstruction of the super-surface lens 1 to the imaging picture, in the specific implementation, the super-surface lens 1 is set to be 4mm-8mm in size and is set at the bottom of the outer surface of the spectacle lens.
The existing AR glasses lenses mostly adopt an HOE structure to cover a whole lens, and when the HOE receives sunlight or lamplight irradiation, partial transmission light is diffracted through the HOE, so that an iridescence effect is formed at certain angles, and the watching experience of a user is seriously influenced. Based on this, in order to solve the above technical problem, the embodiment of the present application provides an AR glasses lens for eliminating rainbow patterns, a super surface lens 1 with phase gradient distribution is arranged on a semi-transparent and semi-reflective glasses lens, and the phase gradient distribution of the super surface lens 1 is utilized to make light emitted by an optical machine generate deflection at a large angle, so that the light emitted by the optical machine can be totally reflected in the glasses lens, the semi-transparent and semi-reflective are generated when incident light after total reflection is transmitted to the edge of the glasses lens, and the reflected light enters human eyes for imaging, thereby avoiding the rainbow pattern effect generated by using HOE. The principle of the method is shown in fig. 2, and the super-surface lens 1 can realize imaging at any position and regulate the imaging position by setting the phase gradient distribution. Specifically, since the super-surface lens 1 adopts a unit structure responding to incident light, an additional phase is given to light incident on the super-surface lens 1 at different angles, so that abnormal refraction or normal refraction occurs, and thus, the imaging position is controlled arbitrarily.
Specifically, the spectacle lenses in the embodiment of the present application include a semi-transparent and semi-reflective first lens 2 and a semi-transparent and semi-reflective second lens 3, the first lens 2 is set to be a right triangle, the second lens 3 is set to be a right trapezoid, a rectangular structure is formed after the bevel edge of the first lens 2 and the bevel edge of the second lens 3 are attached, and the super-surface lens 1 is disposed at the top of the second lens 3.
The specific distribution mode of the phase gradient distribution is not necessarily required, and may be reasonably set according to specific situations in practical use, for example, the phase gradient distribution may be set to be a symmetric phase distribution, may also be set to be a parabolic phase distribution, and may also be set to be a hyperbolic phase distribution, so that no particular limitation is imposed in the embodiment of the present application. Specifically, the phase gradient distribution can be obtained by the following equation:
where Φ represents the phase gradient distribution function, k0Representing the wave vector in vacuum, l representing the distance between a preset light source position (light engine position) and a preset imaging position, n1Denotes the refractive index, x, of the medium in which the light source is located0And y0Denotes the coordinate position, n, of the super-surface lens 1 when the origin is the geometric center of the super-surface lens 12Denotes the refractive index, x, of the spectacle lens1,y1And z1Representing the coordinates of the light source position, x, preset when the origin is the geometric center of the super-surface lens 12,y2And z2Representation sourceAnd when the point is the geometric center of the super-surface lens 1, the preset imaging position coordinate is obtained.
Further, the unit structures 4 of the super surface lens 1 in the embodiment of the present application are provided as dielectric columnar structures.
The common unit structure 4 of the super-surface lens 1 is a multi-layer super-surface transmission type structure and a medium structure. For the transmission type structure of the multilayer super surface, although the transmission efficiency is high, the space is saved, and the integration is convenient, the multilayer super surface is generally needed for realizing the phase modulation of 0-2 pi and the high transmittance, which puts higher requirements on the preparation process. For a dielectric structure, a common columnar structure realizes propagation phase delay by using the length in the light propagation direction, and simultaneously excites magnetic resonance and electric resonance to realize high transmittance, and although the transmission efficiency is not as good as that of a multilayer super-surface transmission structure, the preparation process is more convenient. In the present example, therefore, a dielectric columnar structure is selected as the unit structure 4 of the super surface lens 1.
Example 2
The embodiment of the application provides a method for manufacturing an AR (augmented reality) spectacle lens for eliminating rainbow lines, which comprises the following steps as shown in figure 3:
s1: calculating a phase gradient distribution function of the super-surface lens 1 by adopting a generalized Snell's law based on a preset light source position, a preset imaging position, the thickness and the refractive index of the spectacle lens;
the super Surface (Meta-Surface) is an artificial dispersion substance for regulating and controlling the phase, amplitude, frequency and polarization state of incident light through a micro-nano unit structure 4 distributed on a two-dimensional plane. The wavefront of incident light can be changed by phase regulation generated by exciting surface plasmons of the super-surface micro-nano unit by incident light, so that the direction of the incident light is changed. The super-surface can be used for regulating the wave front by designing a group of unit structures 4 so as to randomly change the phase of incident light. Compared with the traditional optical device, the super surface has higher degree of freedom, which is mainly expressed in two aspects:
aspect 1: the unit structure 4 has high design freedom, can process materials into any shape (such as a square column, a cylinder and the like), and realizes the effect of dispersion elimination through the design of the unit structure 4;
aspect 1: the unit structure 4 has high arrangement freedom, and can realize arbitrary reconstruction of wavefront through different arrangement modes, and realize functions such as deflection and imaging.
Based on this, the embodiment of the present application is high in degree of freedom in designing and degree of freedom in arranging the unit structure 4 based on the super surface, and calculates the phase gradient distribution function of the super surface lens 1 by using the generalized Snell's law.
Generalized Snell's law, also known as the expansion of Snell's law. When electromagnetic waves are incident at a constant frequency, different phase delays can be generated by using different structures and different parameters of the super surface unit structure 4. Therefore, when the super surface unit structures 4 with different structures and different parameters are adopted to perform array arrangement, a certain phase gradient is generated on the surface of the array. For spherical electromagnetic waves with different phases distributed in the same plane, when the spherical electromagnetic waves are superposed with each other at a far field, the wave surfaces of the spherical electromagnetic waves are deflected or distorted, so that an abnormal electromagnetic propagation phenomenon is caused. These phenomena can be reasonably explained by the Huygens Principle (Huygens Principle).
In particular, for the light ray from point A to point B, wherein A and B are respectively in different media n1And n2In the formula, the coordinate of the point A is (x)1,y1,z1) And the coordinate of the point B is (x)2,y2,z2). Assuming the intersection of the two media, i.e. the xoy plane, there exists a phase distribution function Φ (x, y,0) and an intersection point C (x) of the ray in the xoy plane0,y0,z0). Because of z00, so for the optical path length l between two points ABABComprises the following steps:
wherein k is0Denotes the wave vector in vacuum, let alphaiAnd betaiRepresenting the angle of incidence of the light ray AC with respect to the x-axis and y-axis, respectively, alpharAnd betarRespectively represent the emergent raysThe included angle between the light ray CB and the x-axis and the y-axis is as follows:
further, when the optical path length l is setABWhen extreme value is taken, there is optical path pair x0And y0The partial derivative of (a) is 0, it can be found that:
this is an expression of generalized Snell's law, whose physical meaning is the conservation of surface momentum of photons at an interface. When there is no phase gradient at the interface, i.e., Φ (x, y,0) ═ 0, generalized Snell's law is used for normal refraction and reflection phenomena at the interface.
Therefore, different phase distribution functions can be derived by using generalized Snell's law, so as to realize various functions, such as wave surface focusing, diverging, beam deflecting and the like. In the embodiment of the invention, the phase gradient distribution function of the super-surface lens 1 is designed based on the generalized Snell's law, so that the phase gradient distribution function transmits and deflects the light emitted by the AR optical machine 5, and the condition of total reflection and the imaging condition in the spectacle lens are met.
S2: constructing a unit structure 4 of the super-surface lens 1 and an arrangement mode of the unit structure 4 based on a phase gradient distribution function;
after deriving the phase gradient distribution function of the super-surface, the next step is to consider how to select the unit structure 4, and the common unit structure 4 includes a multi-layer super-surface transmission type structure and a dielectric structure. For a multi-layer super-surface transmission type structure, the transmission efficiency is high, the space is saved, and the integration is convenient, but in order to realize the phase modulation of 0-2 pi and the high transmittance, the multi-layer super-surface is generally needed, and a higher requirement is provided for the preparation process. For a dielectric structure, a common columnar structure realizes propagation phase delay by using the length in the light propagation direction, and simultaneously excites magnetic resonance and electric resonance to realize high transmittance, and although the transmission efficiency is not as good as that of a multilayer super-surface transmission structure, the preparation process is more convenient. In the present example, therefore, a dielectric columnar structure is selected as the unit structure 4 of the super surface lens 1.
When the unit structure 4 is specifically set, the parameters of the unit structure 4 may be numerically simulated by commercial electromagnetic field simulation software COMSOL based on a Finite Element Method (FEM) or CST software based on a Finite Element Method (FEM) or a finite integration method (FIT) transmission line matrix method, so as to obtain parameters such as height, transmittance or phase of the unit structure 4. The main calculation method is parameter scanning, a database is established, and a group of unit structures 4 with the phase coverage of 0-2 pi and the transmittance of more than 80% are selected from the database.
And screening a group of unit structures 4 meeting the requirements from a database of the unit structures 4, and constructing specific arrangement of the unit structures 4 to realize the required phase plane based on the obtained super-surface phase distribution function. The cell structure 4 and arrangement in the examples of the present application are shown in fig. 4 and 5, respectively.
S3: arranging the unit structures 4 based on the arrangement mode to obtain the super-surface lens 1 with phase gradient distribution;
s4: the super-surface lens 1 having a phase gradient distribution is disposed on the outer surface of the eyeglass lens, thereby obtaining an AR eyeglass lens from which rainbow fringes can be removed.
In the embodiment of the application, a method for manufacturing an AR spectacle lens for eliminating rainbow patterns is provided, the super-surface lens 1 with preset phase gradient distribution can be obtained by the manufacturing method, when the super-surface lens 1 is applied to an AR spectacle, the phase gradient distribution of the super-surface lens 1 is utilized to enable light emitted by an optical machine to generate large-angle deflection, so that the light emitted by the optical machine can be totally reflected in the spectacle lens, the totally reflected incident light is semi-transmitted and semi-reflected when being transmitted to the edge of the spectacle lens, the reflected light enters human eyes for imaging, and the rainbow pattern effect generated by using HOE is avoided.
Example 3
The embodiment of the application provides an eliminate AR glasses of rainbow line, including the picture frame, the picture frame is including left picture frame and the right picture frame that the symmetry set up, be provided with left eye AR ray machine on the picture frame of a left side, be provided with right eye AR ray machine on the picture frame of the right side, still include two AR glasses lenses of eliminating rainbow line as that embodiment 1 provided, one of them AR glasses lens sets up in the picture frame of a left side, another AR glasses lens sets up in the picture frame of the right side, and two AR glasses lenses are separately parallel with corresponding AR ray machine 5, the central axis of two AR glasses lenses is separately with the coincidence of corresponding AR ray machine 5's the central axis. The working principle of the embodiment of the present application is explained as follows:
for an object AB displayed on the AR optical machine 5, as shown in fig. 6, emergent light is firstly incident on the surface M of the eyeglass lens (i.e. the outer surface of the super-surface lens 1 structure), the super-surface lens 1 reflects the incident light, so that the reflected light impinges on the other side N surface of the eyeglass lens (i.e. the inner surface of the eyeglass lens), so that the reflected light propagates in the form of total reflection on the N surface, and at this time, a virtual image a is formed through the super-surface structure1B1Subsequent aerial image A1B1After reflection of M surface, the mirror image is formed as A2B2A virtual image. After the light is totally reflected once, the total reflection condition can be changed at the joint of the first lens 2 and the second lens 3 (or the edge of the spectacle lens), because the spectacle lens is semi-transparent and semi-reflective, part of the light is reflected, the part of the reflected light enters eyes of people, and the eyes of people observe the A light based on the intuition that the light is transmitted along a straight line3B3A virtual image. Therefore, human eyes can observe the image formed by the light emitted by the optical machine, and the reality enhancement effect is realized.
The embodiment of the application realizes the convergence deflection of the wave beam through the structure of the super surface, the light of all wavelengths that make AR ray apparatus 5 send can both satisfy the total reflection condition in the spectacle lens, take place once or many times of total reflection in the lens, make originally can not be observed or form images at the image in people's eye field by people's eye direct observation, propagate in the spectacle lens through the mode with total reflection propagation, pass through the reflection of spectacle lens at last, make the reverberation get into people's eye, thereby the produced rainbow line effect of HOE has been avoided adopting.
Further, the AR light engine 5 includes a light source, which may be monochromatic light or RGB three-color light. Preferably, in order to facilitate that the light sources of the light sources can independently display without interfering with each other, the light sources in the embodiment of the present application are set to RGB three-color light, and in consideration of that the light with different wavelengths has different deflection angles after passing through the superlens, the required total reflection conditions are also different, so that in the specific setting, the green light source is disposed between the red light source and the blue light source.
Further, the left eye optical machine and the right eye optical machine can simultaneously display the same image and can also display different images, so that better use experience is brought to a user for realizing a 3D imaging effect, and preferably, the left eye optical machine and the right eye optical machine can display different images.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The AR spectacle lens capable of eliminating rainbow lines is characterized by comprising AR spectacle lenses, wherein the AR spectacle lenses comprise semi-transparent semi-reflective spectacle lenses and super-surface lenses (1) with phase gradient distribution, and the super-surface lenses (1) are arranged on the outer surfaces of the spectacle lenses and used for changing the transmission direction of incident light so that the incident light is totally reflected on the inner surfaces of the spectacle lenses at least once.
2. An AR spectacle lens for eliminating rainbow patterns according to claim 1, wherein the spectacle lens comprises a semi-transparent and semi-reflective first lens (2) and a semi-transparent and semi-reflective second lens (3), the first lens (2) is in a right triangle shape, the second lens (3) is in a right trapezoid shape, and the first lens (2) and the second lens (3) form a rectangular structure after being attached; the super-surface lens (1) is arranged on the top of the second lens (3).
3. The AR spectacle lens with rainbow fringes removed as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phase gradient distribution is a symmetric phase distribution, a parabolic phase distribution or a hyperbolic phase distribution.
4. An AR spectacle lens with elimination of rainbow lines as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the unit structures (4) of the super surface lens (1) are dielectric cylindrical structures.
5. A method for manufacturing an AR (augmented reality) spectacle lens for eliminating rainbow lines is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
calculating a phase gradient distribution function of the super-surface lens (1) by adopting a generalized Snell's law based on a preset light source position, a preset imaging position, the thickness and the refractive index of the spectacle lens;
constructing a unit structure (4) of the super-surface lens (1) and an arrangement mode of the unit structure (4) based on the phase gradient distribution function;
arranging the unit structures (4) based on the arrangement mode to obtain the super-surface lens (1) with phase gradient distribution;
-arranging said super-surface lens (1) with a phase gradient profile on the outer surface of said spectacle lens.
6. The method for manufacturing an AR eyeglass lens with rainbow patterns removed according to claim 5, wherein the phase gradient distribution function is:
where Φ represents the phase gradient distribution function, k0Representing the wave vector in vacuum, l representing the distance between the preset light source position and the preset imaging position, n1Indicating lightRefractive index of the medium in which the source is located, x0And y0Denotes the position coordinates, n, of the super-surface lens (1)2Denotes the refractive index, x, of the spectacle lens1,y1And z1Representing preset coordinates of the position of the light source, x2,y2And z2Representing preset imaging position coordinates.
7. AR glasses for eliminating rainbow patterns, comprising a frame and an AR optical machine (5) arranged on the frame, characterized in that the AR glasses further comprise AR glasses lenses for eliminating rainbow patterns according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the AR glasses lenses are arranged in the frame, the AR glasses lenses are parallel to the AR optical machine (5), and the central axes of the AR glasses lenses coincide with the central axis of the optical machine.
8. AR glasses with rainbow patterns according to claim 7, characterized in that the AR light machine (5) comprises a light source, which is monochromatic or RGB.
9. The AR glasses with rainbow patterns as claimed in claim 8, wherein when the light sources are RGB trichromatic light, the green light source is located between the red light source and the blue light source.
10. The AR glasses with rainbow textures eliminated according to claim 7, wherein the AR optical machine (5) comprises a left-eye optical machine and a right-eye optical machine, and the display contents of the left-eye optical machine and the right-eye optical machine are the same or different.
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