CN109187141B - Preparation method of column shear penetration test sample - Google Patents
Preparation method of column shear penetration test sample Download PDFInfo
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- CN109187141B CN109187141B CN201811272134.3A CN201811272134A CN109187141B CN 109187141 B CN109187141 B CN 109187141B CN 201811272134 A CN201811272134 A CN 201811272134A CN 109187141 B CN109187141 B CN 109187141B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
- G01N2001/2873—Cutting or cleaving
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- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of a column shear penetration test sample, belonging to the technical field of earth-rock dam penetration test, comprising clay sample preparation and upstream and downstream material filling, and specifically comprising the following steps: 1) wrapping and fixing a core wall material at the periphery of the cross-shaped shearing column through a geotechnical standard three-section mold, and tamping the core wall material by using a compactor to form a cylindrical sample, namely a clay sample, wherein the height of the clay sample is the same as the length of a shearing section of the cross-shaped shearing column; 2) filling a downstream material into the sample base and compacting to form a downstream material sample, and stacking the clay sample on the downstream material sample; 3) coating a triaxial emulsion film on the two sections of samples, and reserving the length at the upper end; 4) and putting a side limiting cylinder in the reserved latex film, filling the upstream material and compacting to form an upstream material sample. The invention is designed according to the standard of the soil test, has low cost, can manufacture a plurality of samples simultaneously by separating the sample manufacturing equipment from the testing device, and greatly improves the test efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of clay seepage test of dam core walls, in particular to a preparation method of a column shear seepage test sample.
Background
The cylinder of a minor diameter is cuted out in the inside rotation of cylinder sample to the face of cylinder of top surface about the formation link up cylinder, shear plane promptly, this face of cylinder can lead to the vertical infiltration characteristic of sample to change, and the penetration test device is cut to the post is exactly the instrument that is used for studying the shear plane and leads to the change of sample infiltration characteristic. The clay cylinder sample of the instrument is used for simulating a clay core wall seepage-proofing body of an earth-rock dam. The upper end and the lower end of the sample are provided with the compacted gravels, so that the upstream material and the downstream material of the core wall impervious body can be simulated, and the change rule of the permeability characteristic of the sample under the action of the upstream material and the downstream material and the healing effect of the upstream material and the downstream material on the shearing surface can be further researched.
In order to realize the above-mentioned research, the inventor proposes a solution, and has applied for an invention patent named soil body cylinder shear penetration test device and test method, application number 201710891349.2. The scheme can well research the change rule of the permeability characteristic of the sample under the action of the filter material (downstream material), but the tested soil sample can be installed on the instrument to be tested through two steps of sample preparation and vacuum saturation, wherein the middle cylindrical part is not only a sample preparation device but also a component of the tester, so that only one sample can be prepared at a time, and the test can be carried out after long-time vacuum saturation, and the test efficiency is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a method for preparing a column shear penetration test sample, so as to solve the problem of low sample preparation efficiency in the prior art.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a column shear penetration test sample comprises clay sample preparation and upstream and downstream material filling, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1. a preparation method of a column shear penetration test sample is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises clay sample preparation and upstream and downstream material filling, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) wrapping and fixing a core wall material at the periphery of a cross shearing column through a standard three-section mould for geotechnical test, tamping the core wall material by using a tamping pad and a standard geotechnical compactor to form a standard cylindrical sample, namely a clay sample, placing porous permeable stones at two ends of the clay sample, and performing saturation treatment by using a saturator, wherein the height of the clay sample is the same as the length of a shearing action section of the cross shearing column;
2) filling downstream materials into the sample base and compacting to form a downstream material sample;
3) taking out the saturated clay sample from the three-petal mold, and stacking the saturated clay sample on a downstream material sample;
4) a triaxial latex film is sleeved on a standard film bearing barrel outside the two sections of samples, a certain length of the latex film is reserved at the upper end of the triaxial latex film, then a standard split mold for geotechnical test is sleeved on the latex film, and a steel hose hoop is hooped outside the split mold;
5) and putting a side limiting cylinder in the reserved latex film, filling an upstream material and compacting, wherein the upper surface of the compacted upstream material is flush with the upper edge of the side limiting cylinder to form an upstream material sample.
6) Placing a sample top cap on the upstream material and in the latex membrane;
7) and loosening the steel hose clamp, disassembling the split mold, and tightly binding the two ends of the latex film by using latex belts, so that the lower end of the latex film is tightly attached to the outer wall of the sample base, and the upper end of the latex film is tightly attached to the outer wall of the sample top cap, thereby forming a completely sealed sample assembly.
The bottom of the clay sample is provided with an anti-skid structure,
in the compaction process, a compaction pad is arranged,
during saturation treatment, porous permeable stones are arranged at two ends of the cylindrical sample.
Further, the cross-shaped shearing column comprises a shearing action section and cuboid extension sections arranged at the centers of two ends of the shearing action section.
Furthermore, before filling downstream materials, a dowel bar is coaxially arranged in the sample base, the lower end of the dowel bar is connected with a driving mechanism in an inserted mode, and the upper end of the dowel bar is connected with a cuboid extension section in an inserted mode.
Furthermore, before upstream materials are filled, the centering fixing rod is inserted and connected with the cuboid extension section at the upper end, and a forming limiting structure is arranged on the periphery of the centering fixing rod.
Further, the forming limit structure comprises a split mold and a side limit cylinder, the split mold is fixed on the periphery of the latex film, the side limit centering effect is achieved on the sample base, the clay sample and the side limit cylinder, and the side limit cylinder is placed on the inner side of the split cylinder and on the inner side of the latex film and stacked on the clay sample.
Further, the method for preparing a column shear penetration test sample according to claim 1, wherein: the lower extreme cover of emulsion membrane is in the outer wall of sample base, and the upper end cover is in the outer wall of sample hood, and both ends are hooped with the latex hoop tightly, make emulsion membrane with the outer wall all closely laminates, under emulsion membrane's effect, down to the sample base from sample hood has formed a sealed watertight whole.
Furthermore, the anti-skidding structure includes anti-skidding circle and the draw-in groove of sample base top edge, be provided with a plurality of fan-shaped anti-skidding teeth along radially extending on the anti-skidding circle, arbitrary fan-shaped anti-skidding tooth's below is provided with the latch, fan-shaped anti-skidding tooth is fixed in clay sample inside, the latch salient is in the lower extreme of clay sample, and is corresponding with the draw-in groove of sample base top edge.
Further, cylinder base and three lamella moulds, three lamella moulds movably suit are on the cylinder base, cylinder base center has cuboid extension section via hole.
Further, the compaction pad is a cylinder with a shearing section through hole.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the clay sample, the downstream material sample and the upstream material sample are manufactured step by step, particularly, the clay sample is manufactured by adopting a compactor standard for geotechnical test, the sample preparation equipment is low in price and low in use cost, and the sample preparation equipment is separated from the testing device, so that a plurality of samples can be simultaneously prepared and saturated, and when one sample is subjected to a test, a new saturated sample can be immediately replaced to perform the next test, thereby greatly improving the test efficiency;
2. the preparation method of the invention ensures that only clay samples are cut, and can be used for testing only the core wall impervious body or the combination condition of the core wall impervious body and upstream and downstream materials;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of step 1 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of step 2 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of step 3 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of step 4 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of step 5 of the production method of the present invention;
FIGS. 6 and 7 are schematic views of step 6 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of step 7 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of step 8 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of step 9 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of step 10 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of step 11 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of step 12 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of step 13 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of step 15 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic view of step 16 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of step 17 of the production process of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a schematic view of step 18 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a schematic view of step 19 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a schematic view of step 20 of the production method of the present invention;
FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of step 21 of the preparation method of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a cylindrical base; 2-compactor base; 3-anti-slip ring; 4-sector antiskid blocks; 5-latch; 6-a clamping groove; 7-a cross-shearing column; 8-a shearing action section; 9-a cuboid extension section; 10-three petals; 11-compaction mat; 12-porous permeable stone; 13-a reduction gear; 14-a pipe base; 15-sample base; 16-dowel bars; 17-downstream material; 18-split molding; 19-centering the fixed rod; 20-side limiting cylinder; 21-upstream material; 22-sample top cap; 23-a shearing action section via hole; 24-a torsion base; 25-clay sample.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the above description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "one side", "the other side" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or the element to which the present invention is directed must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Further, the term "identical" and the like do not mean that the components are absolutely required to be identical, but may have slight differences. The term "perpendicular" merely means that the positional relationship between the components is more perpendicular than "parallel", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly perpendicular, but may be slightly inclined.
The preparation method of the column shear penetration test sample comprises the following steps:
1. as shown in fig. 1, a cylindrical base 1 is arranged in a compaction device base 2, and the cylindrical base is used for adjusting the height of the internal space of the three-split mold so as to control the height of a sample;
2. as shown in fig. 2, the antiskid structure is installed; the structure comprises an anti-slip ring 3 and a cylindrical barrel, wherein a plurality of fan-shaped anti-slip teeth 4 extending along the radial direction are arranged on a clamping ring, a latch 5 is arranged below any fan-shaped anti-slip block, the cylindrical base is the cylindrical barrel, a clamping groove 6 matched with the latch is correspondingly arranged at the top of the cylindrical base, and when a test is carried out, the latch is clamped into the clamping groove at the upper edge of a sample base to form fixation, so that a clay sample and a downstream material sample are prevented from rotating on a contact surface to cause that a cylindrical shear surface in the clay sample cannot be formed;
3. as shown in fig. 3, a cross-shaped shearing column 7 is installed, the cross-shaped shearing column comprises a shearing action section 8 and cuboid extension sections 9 arranged at the centers of two ends of the shearing action section, the shearing action section is substantially a cross-shaped cutting block and can carry out rotary shearing on a sample, and at the moment, the cuboid extension sections are inserted into fixing holes arranged at the top of a cylindrical base to form fixing;
4. as shown in fig. 4, the three-petal mould 10 is installed, the inner wall of the base of the compaction device and the outer surface of the three-petal mould form a limit fixation,
5. filling clay materials, compacting by using a compaction pad 11 and a geotechnical standard compactor, wherein the compaction pad is a cylinder with a shearing section through hole 23 as shown in fig. 5, the outer diameter of the cylinder is matched with the inner diameter of the three-petal mold, the compaction pad can slide along the cross-shaped shearing column in the hammering process and can tamp the sample to the maximum extent, and the tamping is shown in fig. 6 after the tamping is completed;
6. as shown in fig. 7, porous permeable stones 12 are placed at both ends, saturation treatment is carried out by a saturator, and the porous permeable stones are taken down to prepare clay samples 25 for standby;
7. as shown in fig. 8, the reduction gear 13 is mounted to the torsion base 24;
8. as shown in fig. 9, the pipe mount 14 is mounted to the torque mount;
9. as shown in fig. 10, the sample mount 15 is mounted to the manifold mount;
10. as shown in fig. 11, a dowel bar 16 is installed; the end part of the dowel bar is a square head, and the square head is inserted into a square hole in the center of the reduction gear to form force drive;
11. as shown in fig. 12, the sample holder is filled with downstream material 17 and compacted;
12. as shown in fig. 13, the clay sample after saturation treatment was taken out from the three-lobed mold;
13. as shown in fig. 14, a clay sample is placed on a sample base;
14. the triaxial latex film is sleeved on the sample base and the clay sample external standard film bearing cylinder, and a certain length is reserved at the upper end of the triaxial latex film.
15. As shown in fig. 15, the split mold 18 is installed in a one-dimensional compressed state when it is not finally removed;
16. as shown in fig. 16, a centering fixing rod 19 is installed and fixed at the upper end of the cross shear column to prevent eccentricity;
17. as shown in fig. 17, a side limiting cylinder 20 is installed for limiting the lateral expansion of the upstream material under the action of an axial force, so that the axial force is applied to the top of the clay sample;
18. as shown in fig. 18, upstream material 21 is charged;
19. as shown in fig. 19, a porous stone 12 is placed;
20. as shown in fig. 20, the sample top cap 22 is installed;
21. as shown in FIG. 21, the split mold was disassembled, and both ends of the latex film were tightened with latex tape to complete the preparation of the sample.
The clay sample, the upstream material sample and the downstream material sample are manufactured step by step, particularly, the clay sample is manufactured by adopting a standard compactor and a standard saturator, the sample manufacturing equipment is low in price and low in use cost, the sample manufacturing equipment is separated from a testing device, a plurality of samples can be manufactured and saturated at the same time, and after one sample is tested, a new saturated sample can be replaced immediately for next test, so that the test efficiency is greatly improved;
meanwhile, the preparation method ensures that only the clay sample is cut, and the test can be carried out based on the condition of only aiming at the core wall seepage-proofing body or aiming at the core wall seepage-proofing body and the upstream and downstream materials.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a column shear penetration test sample is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises clay sample preparation and upstream and downstream material filling, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1) preparing a clay sample:
I. the cylindrical base is arranged in the base of the compaction device and used for adjusting the height of the internal space of the three-split mold so as to control the height of the sample;
II, installing an anti-skid structure; the structure comprises an anti-slip ring and the cylindrical base, wherein the anti-slip ring is provided with a plurality of sector anti-slip teeth extending along the radial direction, a latch is arranged below any one of the sector anti-slip teeth, and the top of the cylindrical base is provided with a clamping groove matched with the latch;
III, installing a cross-shaped shear column: the cross-shaped shearing column comprises a shearing action section and cuboid extension sections arranged at the centers of two ends of the shearing action section, the shearing action section is substantially a cross-shaped cutting block and can carry out rotary shearing on a sample, and at the moment, the cuboid extension sections are inserted into fixing holes formed in the top of the cylindrical base to be fixed;
IV, installing the three-petal mold, and limiting and fixing the inner wall of the compaction device base and the outer surface of the three-petal mold;
v, filling clay materials, filling the clay materials between the inner wall of the three-section die and the shearing action section of the cross shearing column, compacting by using a compacting pad and a geotechnical standard compactor, wherein the compacting pad is a cylinder with a shearing action section through hole, the outer diameter of the cylinder is matched with the inner diameter of the three-section die, and the compacting pad can slide along the cross shearing column in the hammering process to compact the sample;
finally, placing porous permeable stones at two ends of the sample, performing saturation treatment by using a saturator, taking down the porous permeable stones to prepare a clay sample, wherein the height of the clay sample is the same as the length of the shearing action section of the cross-shaped shearing column;
2) filling downstream materials into the sample base and compacting to form a downstream material sample;
3) taking out the saturated clay sample from the three-petal mold, and stacking the saturated clay sample on a downstream material sample;
4) a triaxial latex film is sleeved on a standard film bearing barrel outside the two sections of samples, a certain length of the latex film is reserved at the upper end of the triaxial latex film, then a standard split mold for geotechnical test is sleeved on the latex film, and a steel hose hoop is hooped outside the split mold;
5) putting a side limiting cylinder in the reserved latex film, filling an upstream material and compacting, wherein the upper surface of the compacted upstream material is flush with the upper edge of the side limiting cylinder to form an upstream material sample;
6) placing a sample top cap on the upstream material and in the latex membrane;
7) loosening the steel hose clamp, disassembling the split mold, and tightly binding the two ends of the latex film by using latex belts to ensure that the lower end of the latex film is tightly attached to the outer wall of the sample base and the upper end of the latex film is tightly attached to the outer wall of the sample top cap, thereby forming a completely sealed sample assembly;
there is antiskid circle antiskid structure clay sample bottom, when experimental, the draw-in groove formation that goes into the sample base top edge with the latch card on the antiskid circle is fixed, thereby prevents that clay sample and low reaches material sample from producing the cylinder shear plane that rotates on the contact surface and lead to can not form in the clay sample.
2. The method for preparing a column shear penetration test sample according to claim 1, wherein: before filling downstream material, be provided with the dowel steel in the sample base is coaxial, the dowel steel lower extreme inserts with actuating mechanism and links to each other, and the upper end inserts with the cuboid extension and links to each other.
3. The method for preparing a column shear penetration test sample according to claim 1, wherein: before upstream materials are filled, the centering fixing rod is inserted and connected with a cuboid extension section at the upper end, and a forming limiting structure is arranged on the periphery of the centering fixing rod.
4. The method for preparing a column shear penetration test sample according to claim 3, wherein: the forming limiting structure comprises a split mold and a side limiting cylinder, the split mold is fixed on the periphery of the latex film, the side limiting and centering effects are achieved on the sample base, the clay sample and the side limiting cylinder, and the side limiting cylinder is placed on the inner side of the split cylinder and on the inner side of the latex film and stacked on the clay sample.
5. The method for preparing a column shear penetration test sample according to claim 1, wherein: the lower extreme cover of emulsion membrane is in the outer wall of sample base, and the upper end cover is in the outer wall of sample hood, and both ends are hooped with the latex hoop tightly, make emulsion membrane with the outer wall all closely laminates, under emulsion membrane's effect, down to the sample base from sample hood has formed a sealed watertight whole.
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| CN114323892B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2023-10-27 | 扬州大学 | Sample removing device for three-flap die |
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| CN206725316U (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-12-08 | 长安大学 | A kind of ring shear test preparation of soil sample device |
| CN207578509U (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-07-06 | 深圳市美信检测技术股份有限公司 | A kind of sample preparation tool |
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| JP2000178956A (en) * | 1998-12-17 | 2000-06-27 | Ohbayashi Corp | Ground survey method |
| CN108663242A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-10-16 | 浙江大学 | A kind of ordinary triaxial test disturbed soil sample preparation device and method |
| CN106840808A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-06-13 | 宁波工程学院 | A kind of hollow cylinder remoulded sample preparing device |
| CN107807079B (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2020-07-31 | 重庆大学 | Soil body cylinder shearing and penetration experimental device and testing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN206725316U (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-12-08 | 长安大学 | A kind of ring shear test preparation of soil sample device |
| CN207578509U (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-07-06 | 深圳市美信检测技术股份有限公司 | A kind of sample preparation tool |
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