CN1854734B - Testing mould system and its operating method for triaxial experimental disturbed soil testing piece - Google Patents
Testing mould system and its operating method for triaxial experimental disturbed soil testing piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN1854734B CN1854734B CN 200510041978 CN200510041978A CN1854734B CN 1854734 B CN1854734 B CN 1854734B CN 200510041978 CN200510041978 CN 200510041978 CN 200510041978 A CN200510041978 A CN 200510041978A CN 1854734 B CN1854734 B CN 1854734B
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Abstract
A test mould system of disturbed soil test piece for three-shaft test comprises sleeve, bottom plate, five compaction blocks coordinating with sleeve in slide way, fixing frame for fixed-demoulding ofsleeve, pressure unit for compacting and pressure unit for demoulding. It is featured as making height of four compaction blocks be identical to height of single soil layer, setting bottom plate to beround form and setting its slide coordination unit at bottom of sleeve, applying static pressure to prepare test piece.
Description
Affiliated technical field:
The present invention relates to highway foundation treatment facility technical field, be specifically related to a kind of triaxial test disturbed soil test specimen die trial system and method for operating thereof.
Background technology:
According to existing " highway earthwork test rule " regulation (JTJ051-93), during preparation triaxial test disturbed soil test specimen, employing be to hit real method with the ramming device layering.Said ramming device mainly comprises the base plate of sleeve, lower cartridge and is used for hitting the hammer of real soil sample, during use, loose soil sample is put into sleeve, hit reality with hammer, and then add loose soil sample on the real soil sample hitting, and hit reality once more, repeat five times, finish the preparation of disturbed sample, finished product is five layers of soil sample.The problem that existing equipment exists is: 1, the dry density of uncontrollable expectation: no matter every layer is hit how many times always can't reach predetermined height, does not reach test objective; 2, preparation efficiency is low: with the manual practical operation work that hits, it is time-consuming to require great effort; 3, narrow application range: it is too little that ramming device hits real merit, can only be used for light-duty preparation of hitting the real sample of disturbance as a result in the past, and the standard that can not be used for present widespread use is hit reality (heavy type the is hit reality) preparation of disturbed sample as a result; 4, soil sample low precision: during former craft was hit in fact, soil sample can be along seething on the hammer lateral, and the edge is difficult to compacting; 5, structure relative complex: the part that ramming device comprises is many, and assembly unit, dismounting trouble.
Summary of the invention:
Dry density, the preparation efficiency that the present invention will overcome the uncontrollable expectation that prior art exists is low, the problem of narrow application range and structure relative complex.
For overcoming the problem that prior art exists, technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of triaxial test disturbed soil test specimen die trial system, comprise sleeve 1 and base plate 4, its special character is: also comprise five compacting blocks 2 that can be slidingly matched with sleeve 1, for fixing fixed mount, compacting usefulness pressure apparatus and the demoulding pressure apparatus used of the demoulding of sleeve 1, have four height consistent with individual layer soil sample height in the described compacting block 2, described base plate 4 is circular, and it is slidingly matched and is arranged at sleeve 1 bottom.
The overall height of above-mentioned base plate 4 and five compacting blocks 2 adds that the height overall of the height of individual layer soil sample equals the height of sleeve 1.
Above-mentioned compacting pressure apparatus is pressure testing machine or pavement strength instrument or reaction frame.
Above-mentioned demoulding pressure apparatus is stripper or lifting jack.
Such scheme also comprises demoulding piece 5, and described demoulding piece 5 can be slidingly matched with sleeve 1, and its underpart is provided with the groove 6 of matching for the power end with pressure apparatus.Guarantee the stressed even of soil sample.
A kind of method of operating of said system is to adopt static pressure method to carry out sample production.
The process that above-mentioned static pressure method is carried out sample production is: (one) will mix and decide five parts of the even branches of dry density through the soil of shelving by giving, base plate 4 is placed on sleeve 1 bottom, elder generation packs a soil sample in the sleeve 1, put into five compacting blocks 2 successively, the compacting block of topmost 2 is whole to be positioned at the outer or major part of sleeve 1 and to be positioned at outside the sleeve 1; (2) compacting: carry out compacting with the pressure experiment machine, stop when compacting block 2 tops of topmost are just flushed with sleeve 1,, utilize the deadweight of compacting block 2 that it is poured out then with the static pressure method moulding; (3) surface of contact is dug hair, get a soil sample again and pack in the sleeve 1, put into four compacting blocks 2 specifically successively,, utilize the deadweight of compacting block 2 that it is poured out then with the static pressure method moulding; (4) repeating above-mentioned compacting work, reduce by a compacting block 2 at every turn, is 5 layers until soil sample; (5) fixed muffle takes off and touches.
In above-mentioned (five), withstand base plate 4 with demoulding piece 5 and from the bottom to top soil sample is released.
In above-mentioned (five), withstand the bottom soil sample with demoulding piece 5 and from the bottom to top soil sample is released.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention is:
1, can effectively control the dry density of expectation: moulding is preceding mixing and deciding five parts of the even branches of dry density through the soil of shelving by giving, get portion packs in the sleeve at every turn, compacting is depressed same height with pressure apparatus at every turn, so just guarantee that each layer soil sample reaches predetermined height, test specimen height, density, water cut be the requirement of energy compliant all, can effectively reach testing requirements.In the sample preparation operating process, we have adopted static pressure method, and this method is compared compacting process, can effectively control every layer of soil compaction degree of sample on the one hand; Can save a large amount of time and manpower on the other hand;
2, preparation efficiency height: easy to operate, assist with pressure apparatus with the pressure apparatus and the demoulding with compacting, reduce labor workload, improved work efficiency;
3, the scope of application is wide: the utility model accuracy height, good stability, be applicable to that the triaxial test disturbed soil hits the specimen molding of different dry density under the real result in standard, not only can be used for light-duty preparation of hitting the real sample of disturbance as a result in the past, and the standard that can be used for present widespread use hits reality (heavy type the is hit reality) preparation of disturbed sample as a result, also can be used for shearing, the test material preparation of disturbed sample during compression test;
4, precision height: because the compaction theory difference, therefore gap is far as a result, and during former craft was hit in fact, soil sample can be along seething on the hammer lateral, the edge is difficult to compacting, and compacting block and sleeve are slidingly matched in the utility model, because the rubbing action between the two and the resistance of compacting block bottom air, compacting block slowly descends in the process that falls, no soil sample is seethed phenomenon and is occurred, adopt the compacting of static pressure mode at last again, can reduce personal error, effectively guaranteed precision;
5, simple in structure: the parts that the present invention includes are few, and do not need assembly unit to save a lot of troubles;
6, simple to operate: utilize system of the present invention, operation steps is simple, easily grasps, and operating personnel's ability is not had specific (special) requirements.
7, this method has good applied value: for the test that needs layering moulding sample in the soil test, can be according to the different height of sample, diameter and the desired number of plies, the cylinder and the compacting block of differing heights and diameter are processed in die trial, can both carry out hydrostatic profile by adopting said method.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a tube-in-tube structure synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of demoulding piece.
Description of reference numerals is as follows:
The 1-sleeve, 2-compacting block, 3-soil sample, 4-base plate, 5-demoulding piece, 6-groove.
Embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention includes sleeve 1 and base plate 4, also comprise five compacting blocks that can be slidingly matched with sleeve 12, demoulding piece 5, fixed mount, compacting usefulness pressure apparatus and a demoulding pressure apparatus for sleeve 1 detachable fixedly usefulness, described base plate 4 is circular, and it is slidingly matched and is arranged at sleeve 1 bottom.Said compacting pressure apparatus is a pressure testing machine; Said demoulding pressure apparatus is a lifting jack, and the bottom of demoulding piece 5 is provided with the groove 6 of matching for the power end with lifting jack.
Base plate 4 comes down to same structure with compacting block 2, but different titles has been arranged because of rising function difference.
In this example, the diameter of sleeve 1 is φ 61.8mm, highly is 175mm, and the height of base plate 4 and five compacting blocks 2 is 25mm (equating with the height of individual layer soil sample), and the height overall of a base plate 4 and five compacting blocks 2 is 150mm.
Rough segmentation of the present invention is (1) press device: two kinds of using of the compacting and the demoulding; (2) molding assembly: sleeve 1, base plate 4, five compacting blocks 2 and a demoulding pieces 5; (3) utility appliance: fixed mount.
During use, carry out soil sample 3 preparations with the molding assembly earlier, concrete steps are: will mix and decide dry density and evenly divide five parts by giving through the soil of shelving, base plate 4 is placed on sleeve 1 bottom, in the sleeve 1 of earlier a soil sample being packed into, puts into five compacting blocks 2 successively, the compacting block 2 of topmost is whole to be positioned at the outer or major part of sleeve 1 and to be positioned at outside the sleeve 1, carry out compacting with the pressure experiment machine, stop when compacting block 2 tops of topmost are just flushed with sleeve 1, with the static pressure method moulding; Get a soil sample again and pack in the sleeve 1, put into four compacting blocks 2 specifically successively, repeat compacting work.Because the soil sample quantity of packing into is the same at every turn, and each compacting determines that highly therefore the height of prepared finished product soil sample 3 is equal fully.In the preparation process, each layer surface of contact should dig hair.Take off then and touch, at first utilize the deadweight of compacting block 2 that it is poured out, sleeve 1 is fixed on the fixed mount, withstand base plate 4 with lifting jack and upwards release the demoulding, soil sample 3 is stressed even when touching for guaranteeing to take off; Also can utilize base plate 4 deadweights that it is poured out earlier, again demoulding piece 5 be put into sleeve 1, withstand the lower recess 6 of demoulding piece 5 with lifting jack and upwards release the demoulding; Demoulding piece 5 directly withstands base plate 4 also can.
In the concrete test, used test apparatus is the desk-top triaxial apparatus of TSZ30-2.0 type, and this instrument is the strain control type, mainly is made up of testing machine, pressure chamber, observing and controlling cabinet three parts, and wherein the instrument important technological parameters is as follows:
A. soil sample size: φ=61.8mm * 125mm
B. maximum axial power output: 30KN;
C. axle lifting speed scope: (15 grades of speed changes) 0.002～4.5mm/min;
D. maximum ambient pressure: 2MPa action sensitivity 0.5%FS;
E. maximum opposite pressure: 0.8MPa action sensitivity 0.2%FS;
F. axle rises range: 90mm;
G. maximum pore water pressure: 2Mpa resolution 0.05%FS
In triaxial test, the diameter of the sample that is prepared under maximum dry density and optimum moisture content is 61.8mm, and height is 125mm, divides five layers of even compacting, and compaction Control is 93%.In process of the test, prepare soil sample with compacting process and two kinds of forming methods of static pressure method respectively, found that, when adopting compacting process, because the intensity of soil sample under maximum dry density and optimum moisture content is very big, hit and be difficult to reach 93% compactness in real time, and in hitting real process, owing to be with highly controlling every layer of soil compaction degree, whenever hitting several following, just need to measure the height of soil sample, bothersome trouble, and every layer also be difficult to be controlled to be identical compactness, and a lot of artificial factors are arranged, sometimes hitting in real time accidentally, with regard to multi-hit several down or hit less several down.And employing this method can reach desirable test effect.
Embodiment 2, die trial is made up of cylinder and compacting block, wherein the internal diameter of cylinder is 61.8mm, height is 205mm, and compacting block has six, and diameter also all is 61.8mm, the height that four compacting blocks are wherein arranged is 25mm (identical with every layer height of moulding sample), two is 40mm in addition, and one of them uses as base plate, and the overall height of six compacting blocks adds that the height of individual layer soil sample just equates with cylinder is high.The concrete operation method of specimen preparation is as follows:
1. choose the test soil sample, through air-dry, pulverize, sieve (sieve of crossing 5mm) measures air-dry water percentage, calculates required amount of water by the optimum moisture content of soil sample.
2. the water yield that need are added is sprayed onto and mixes on the earth material all, and the polybag of packing into after leaving standstill slightly placed in the airtight container 20 hours then at least, made water percentage even.Take out its water percentage of earth material repetition measurement.The difference of the water percentage of measuring and the water percentage of requirement is less than 1%.Otherwise, need to adjust water percentage till meet the requirements.
3. according to the maximum dry density of soil sample and 93% compactness, take by weighing totally five parts of every layer of required quality of soil sample of sample.Wherein the quality of every part of soil sample is:
In the formula: m is the quality of soil sample; ρ
dMaximum dry density for soil sample; W is the optimum moisture content of soil sample; K is the compactness of sample; V is the volume of sample, and V=π R
2H, R are radius of specimen, and h is a specimen height.
4. in the cylinder of preparation soil sample, the compacting block of putting a high 40mm earlier is as base plate, the a soil that weighs up is poured in the cylinder, put the compacting block of four high 25mm and the compacting block of a high 40mm then, cylinder and compacting block be placed on carry out static pressure under the pressing machine, up to compacting block and cylinder just the same high till.
5. after cylinder and compacting block being taken away from pressing machine, from cylinder, utilize the deadweight of compacting block that they are poured out, after the soil that compacting is good digs hair, add a soil that weighs up again, on soil sample, put the compacting block (promptly taking down the compacting block of a high 25mm) of three high 25mm again, on pressing machine, carry out static pressure.
6. like this, take down the compacting block of a high 25mm after, carry out the static pressure of one deck soil sample again, till five layers of soil sample all are compacted to the compactness of regulation successively.
7. on lifting jack, with the sample demoulding.
For further specifying characteristics of the present invention, illustrate with sample moulding example:
Institute's soil sampling is from south, Shan swelled ground, and the place of fetching earth is that Ankang is raised place, landslide, stream, and this place's swelled ground causes extensive landslide, causes the retaining wall cracking, destroys, and mortar rubble masonry pavement damages, and heave on the road surface, depression.Be respectively ρ through indoor modified compaction test obtain the expanding maximum dry density and the optimum moisture content of soil sample
Dmax=1.84g/cm
3, w
0=15.1%.
This soil sample is carried out triaxial test, the diameter of the sample that is prepared under maximum dry density and optimum moisture content is 61.8mm, height is 125mm, divide five layers of even compacting, compaction Control is 93%, the water cut of air-dry swelled ground is w '=4.3%, and each four samples of moulding carry out compression test respectively under different confined pressures.
The moulding volume of sample is:
The air-dry quality of soil sample that needs is: m
1=4 ρ
Dmax(1+w ') kV
＝4×1.84×(1+0.043)×375×0.93＝2677g
The soil property amount is in the air-dry soil sample: m
s=4 ρ
DmaxKV=4 * 1.84 * 0.93 * 375=2567g
Quality is in the air-dry soil sample: m
W1=w ' m
s=2567 * 0.043=110g
During moulding in the soil sample quality be: m
W2=w
0m
s=0.151 * 2567=388g
Need add quality is: m
W3=m
W2-m
W1=388-110=278g
Each sample gross mass is: m=ρ
Dmax(1+w
0) kv=1.84 * (1+0.151) * 0.93 * 375=739g
The soil sample gross mass that every layer of need of moulding sample take by weighing is:
According to step 1～3 of embodiment 2, at first take by weighing this air-dry soil sample 2677g that expands, the 278g water that need are added is sprayed onto on the earth material equably to be mixed thoroughly, and the polybag of packing into after leaving standstill slightly places in the airtight container 20h at least then, makes water percentage even.Take by weighing five parts of the soil samples that add behind the water then, every part of 148g.Operate successively according to the step 4 among the embodiment 2,5,6,7, promptly prepare totally four on required sample.Consider moisture and the loss in test of air-dry soil sample, can suitably increase a small amount of soil sample and water in the test.
Claims (9)
1. triaxial test disturbed soil test specimen die trial system, comprise sleeve (1) and base plate (4), it is characterized in that: also comprise five compacting blocks (2) that can be slidingly matched with sleeve (1), for fixing fixed mount, compacting usefulness pressure apparatus and the demoulding pressure apparatus used of the demoulding of sleeve (1), there is four height consistent in the described compacting block (2) with individual layer soil sample height, described base plate (4) is circular, and it is slidingly matched and is arranged at sleeve (1) bottom.
2. a kind of triaxial test disturbed soil test specimen as claimed in claim 1 die trial system, it is characterized in that: the overall height of described base plate (4) and five compacting blocks (2) adds that the height overall of the height of individual layer soil sample equals the height of sleeve (1).
3. a kind of triaxial test disturbed soil test specimen as claimed in claim 1 or 2 die trial system, it is characterized in that: described compacting pressure apparatus is pressure testing machine or pavement strength instrument or reaction frame.
4. a kind of triaxial test disturbed soil test specimen as claimed in claim 3 die trial system, it is characterized in that: described demoulding pressure apparatus is stripper or lifting jack.
5. a kind of triaxial test disturbed soil test specimen as claimed in claim 4 die trial system, it is characterized in that: described scheme also comprises demoulding piece (5), described demoulding piece (5) is slidingly matched with sleeve (1), and its underpart is provided with the groove (6) of matching for the power end with pressure apparatus.
6. a method of operating triaxial test disturbed soil test specimen as claimed in claim 1 with the die trial system is characterized in that: adopt static pressure method to carry out sample production.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the process that described static pressure method is carried out sample production is, (1) will mix and decide dry density and evenly divide five parts by giving through the soil of shelving, base plate (4) is placed on sleeve (1) bottom, elder generation packs a soil sample in the sleeve (1), put into five compacting blocks (2) successively, the compacting block of topmost (2) is whole to be positioned at the outer or major part of sleeve (1) and to be positioned at outside the sleeve (1); (2) compacting: carry out compacting with the pressure experiment machine, compacting block (2) top of topmost is just stopped when flushing with sleeve (1),, utilize the deadweight of compacting block (2) that it is poured out then with the static pressure method moulding; (3) surface of contact is dug hair, get a soil sample again and pack in the sleeve (1), put into four compacting blocks (2) specifically successively,, utilize the deadweight of compacting block (2) that it is poured out then with the static pressure method moulding; (4) repeating above-mentioned compacting work, reduce a compacting block (2) at every turn, is (5) layer until soil sample; (5) fixed muffle takes off and touches.
8. method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: in described (five), withstand base plate (4) with demoulding piece (5) and from the bottom to top soil sample is released.
9. method as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: in described (five), withstand the bottom soil sample with demoulding piece (5) and from the bottom to top soil sample is released.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510041978 CN1854734B (en) | 2005-04-20 | 2005-04-20 | Testing mould system and its operating method for triaxial experimental disturbed soil testing piece |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200510041978 CN1854734B (en) | 2005-04-20 | 2005-04-20 | Testing mould system and its operating method for triaxial experimental disturbed soil testing piece |
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| CN1854734A CN1854734A (en) | 2006-11-01 |
| CN1854734B true CN1854734B (en) | 2010-04-21 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101368940B (en) * | 2008-09-25 | 2011-12-07 | 南京农业大学 | Soil ramming device and its application |
| CN103969094B (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2017-02-08 | 北京交通大学 | Process of preparing sample through multifunctional sample preparation device |
| CN106568623B (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2019-07-05 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of production method of the cylindric remolding soil specimens of spliced large volume |
| CN109946128A (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2019-06-28 | 同济大学 | A kind of subgrade soils test material preparation device |
| CN111024467B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-11-06 | 河海大学 | Remolded soil batch sample preparation device and sample preparation method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3998090A (en) * | 1975-11-07 | 1976-12-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Soil compactor |
| DE2548997A1 (en) * | 1975-11-03 | 1977-05-12 | Ekard Bahr | Two:part cubical mould for test specimens of concrete - has its four sides joined together but uses loose bottom |
| FR2539229A1 (en) * | 1983-01-06 | 1984-07-13 | Labotest | Compaction mould for soil tests |
| CN1121744A (en) * | 1993-04-23 | 1996-05-01 | 特罗克斯勒电子实验有限公司 | Method and apparatus for compacting material samples |
| CN2295212Y (en) * | 1996-06-20 | 1998-10-21 | 桂林市涌泉高科技开发公司 | Compacted-sample density homogenizing device |
| CN2800277Y (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-07-26 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院 | Test mould device for triaxial test disturbance soil specimen |
-
2005
- 2005-04-20 CN CN 200510041978 patent/CN1854734B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2548997A1 (en) * | 1975-11-03 | 1977-05-12 | Ekard Bahr | Two:part cubical mould for test specimens of concrete - has its four sides joined together but uses loose bottom |
| US3998090A (en) * | 1975-11-07 | 1976-12-21 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Soil compactor |
| FR2539229A1 (en) * | 1983-01-06 | 1984-07-13 | Labotest | Compaction mould for soil tests |
| CN1121744A (en) * | 1993-04-23 | 1996-05-01 | 特罗克斯勒电子实验有限公司 | Method and apparatus for compacting material samples |
| CN2295212Y (en) * | 1996-06-20 | 1998-10-21 | 桂林市涌泉高科技开发公司 | Compacted-sample density homogenizing device |
| CN2800277Y (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-07-26 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院 | Test mould device for triaxial test disturbance soil specimen |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 交通部公路科学研究所.公路土工试验规程（JTJ051-93）.人民交通出版社,2001,第16章. * |
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