CN109184721B - Tunneling construction method for fixing rotation direction of shield cutter head - Google Patents
Tunneling construction method for fixing rotation direction of shield cutter head Download PDFInfo
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- CN109184721B CN109184721B CN201811213524.3A CN201811213524A CN109184721B CN 109184721 B CN109184721 B CN 109184721B CN 201811213524 A CN201811213524 A CN 201811213524A CN 109184721 B CN109184721 B CN 109184721B
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- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/087—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a rotary drilling-head cutting simultaneously the whole cross-section, i.e. full-face machines
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/0875—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket
- E21D9/0879—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with a movable support arm carrying cutting tools for attacking the front face, e.g. a bucket the shield being provided with devices for lining the tunnel, e.g. shuttering
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a tunneling construction method for fixing rotation direction of a shield cutter head, which comprises the following steps: when the shield tunneling machine is in tunneling construction, a cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is enabled to rotate along a first direction and a second direction alternately to set the number of rings; when the scrapers are replaced, the scrapers positioned on the first sides of the spoke plates are replaced, and then the cutter head is made to rotate along the first direction; when the scraper is replaced next time, the scraper positioned on the second side of the spoke plate is replaced, and then the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is made to rotate along the second direction; and repeating the step, and alternately replacing scrapers positioned on the first sides of the spoke plates and the second sides of the spoke plates until the shield tunneling machine finishes tunneling construction. The cutter head of the invention rotates in a mode of fixing the rotation direction, so that the scraper can be fully utilized, after the cutting operation of setting the number of rings, the height of the scraper is reduced due to abrasion, the contact with soil during reversal is avoided, and the abnormal loss of the scraper is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield engineering, in particular to a tunneling construction method for a shield cutter head in a fixed rotating direction.
Background
With the rapid development of highway, high-speed railway and urban rail transit construction in China, a large-diameter shield tunnel is increasingly adopted to pass through a large river, and a large number of extra-large-diameter shield construction projects of more than 14m grade emerge. In the long-distance tunneling construction of the shield tunnel, when a cutter is seriously abraded, the tunneling speed of the shield machine is reduced, the efficiency is reduced, and the cutter needs to be checked and replaced in time. Meanwhile, as the single shield tunneling mileage of the tunnel passing through rivers, lakes and seas is continuously lengthened, the burial depth and the shield diameter are continuously increased, the wear rate and the damage degree of the cutters are correspondingly and greatly increased, and the replacement construction of various cutters becomes a normal state. The shield generally adopts forward rotation and reverse rotation to alternately tunnel, and when the cutter needs to be replaced, the cutters symmetrically arranged on two sides of the cutter arm need to be replaced, so that the problem of long cutter replacing period exists, and the shield construction efficiency is seriously influenced. When the cut residue soil has large viscosity and poor fluidity, the residue soil cut by the cutter in advance is easy to deposit on a cutter head panel to form mud cakes, so that mud is not smoothly discharged, the torque and the extrusion force of the cutter head are increased, and the propulsion speed is seriously influenced; the scrapers are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the main cutter arm and can be replaced under normal pressure, when the cutter head rotates forwards, the cutting surface of the left scraper cuts soil, the soil directly flows into an opening, and because the actual excavation surface is not regular as the cutter arrangement type, the alloy on the back of the right scraper also contacts with the soil, unnecessary loss is caused, especially in a composite stratum rich in gravel, pebbles and boulders, the alloy on the back of the right scraper is easy to break teeth, the cutting efficiency is greatly reduced, the cutter head panel is seriously damaged, the machine needs to be stopped for treatment when necessary, the construction period is delayed, and the reverse rotation condition is similar.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a tunneling construction method for a shield cutter head in a fixed rotation direction, solves the problems that the cutter changing period is long due to the fact that two sides of a cutter arm are replaced during cutter changing operation in the prior art, further the construction efficiency is seriously influenced, further solves the problems that mud is not smoothly discharged due to the fact that cut muck is deposited on a cutter head panel, further propulsion parameters are rapidly influenced, and further solves the problems that a scraper on one side cuts soil when the cutter head rotates, teeth are easily broken due to the fact that back alloy of the scraper on the other side is in contact with the soil, and further the construction period is delayed due to the fact that the cutter head panel is damaged and needs to.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows:
the invention provides a tunneling construction method for fixing rotation direction of a shield cutter head, which comprises the following steps:
when the shield tunneling machine is in tunneling construction, a cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is made to rotate along a first direction to set the number of rings, and when the cutter head rotates along the first direction, the cutting surface of a scraper positioned on the first side of a spoke plate on the cutter head cuts soil;
enabling a cutter head of the shield tunneling machine to rotate in a second direction opposite to the first direction for setting the number of rings, and cutting the soil body by the cutting surface of a scraper on the second side of the spoke plate on the cutter head when the cutter head rotates in the second direction;
when the scrapers are replaced, the scrapers positioned on the first sides of the spoke plates are replaced, and then the cutter head is made to rotate along the first direction; when the scraper is replaced next time, the scraper positioned on the second side of the spoke plate is replaced, and then the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is made to rotate along the second direction; and repeating the step, and alternately replacing scrapers positioned on the first sides of the spoke plates and the second sides of the spoke plates until the shield tunneling machine finishes tunneling construction.
The cutter head provided by the invention rotates in a mode of fixing the rotation direction, so that the scraper on one side corresponding to the rotation direction can be fully utilized, after the cutting operation with the set number of rings, the height of the scraper is reduced due to abrasion, and thus when the cutter head rotates reversely, the scraper on the other side performs the cutting operation, and the scraper with the reduced height due to abrasion is prevented from contacting with soil when the cutter head rotates reversely, so that the conditions of easy tooth falling and tooth breakage when alloy on the back of the cutter cuts soil are avoided, and the abnormal loss of the scraper is effectively reduced. And the scraper with the height reduced due to abrasion can enable the dregs cut by the prior cutter to enter the opening of the cutter head more easily, the reduced scraper weakens the effect of blocking the dregs, and the siltation of the dregs is effectively avoided. The invention adopts the mode of alternately carrying out scraper replacement operation and use, so that each cutter can be fully used, compared with the prior art of simultaneously replacing scrapers at two sides, more using rings are increased, the total using cost of the cutter is reduced, the replacement quantity of single-side cutters is small, the cutter replacement period is short, and the construction period is greatly saved.
The tunneling construction method for fixing the rotation direction of the shield cutter head is further improved in that the method further comprises the following steps:
in the process of tunneling construction of the shield tunneling machine, monitoring the rolling angle of the shield tunneling machine, and when the rolling angle reaches a set value, enabling a cutter head of the shield tunneling machine to rotate in a reverse direction for several rings until the rolling angle is smaller than the set value.
The tunneling construction method for fixing the rotation direction of the shield cutter head is further improved in that the method further comprises the following steps:
when the scraper on the first side of the spoke plate is replaced, the supporting oil cylinder on the bottom of the thrust oil cylinder on one side, corresponding to the first side of the spoke plate, of the two side parts at the shield tail of the shield machine is lifted, so that the corresponding thrust oil cylinder is arranged in a downward inclined manner along the tunneling direction, and offset torque opposite to the direction of the cutter head acting torque is applied to the shield machine through the inclined thrust oil cylinder;
when the scrapers on the second sides of the spoke plates are replaced, the supporting oil cylinder arranged at the bottom of the propelling oil cylinder on one side corresponding to the second sides of the spoke plates in the two side parts of the shield tail of the shield tunneling machine is heightened, so that the corresponding propelling oil cylinder is arranged in a downward inclined manner in the tunneling direction, and the counteracting torque opposite to the cutter disc acting torque direction is applied to the shield tunneling machine through the inclined propelling oil cylinder.
The tunneling construction method for fixing the rotation direction of the shield cutter head is further improved in that the method further comprises the following steps:
and when the supporting oil cylinder at the bottom is arranged on the propelling oil cylinder at one side of the two side parts of the shield tail of the shield machine, restoring the supporting oil cylinder at the bottom on the propelling oil cylinder at the other side of the two side parts of the shield tail of the shield machine.
The tunneling construction method for fixing the rotation direction of the shield cutter head is further improved in that the supporting oil cylinder is lifted, and the method comprises the following steps:
and providing a base plate, and arranging the base plate at the joint of the support oil cylinder and the shield tunneling machine.
The tunneling construction method for fixing the rotation direction of the shield cutter head is further improved in that the thickness of the cushion plate is 30-35 mm.
The tunneling construction method for fixing the rotation direction of the shield cutter head is further improved in that a support oil cylinder positioned at the bottom on a thrust oil cylinder at the other side of two side parts at the shield tail of the shield machine is restored to the original position, and the method comprises the following steps:
and dismantling a base plate which is arranged between the support oil cylinder and the shield tunneling machine.
The tunneling construction method for fixing the rotation direction of the shield cutter head is further improved in that the number of the set rings is selected according to the abrasion degree of the scraper.
The tunneling construction method for fixing the rotation direction of the shield cutter head is further improved in that whether the scraper needs to be replaced or not is determined according to the abrasion degree of the scraper.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a tunneling construction method for fixing the rotation direction of a shield cutter head according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cutter head in the tunneling construction method in which the shield cutter head is fixed in the rotation direction according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a circumferential cross-sectional view of spoke plates of the cutterhead in the tunneling construction method in which the shield cutterhead is fixed in the rotating direction according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view of the shield tail of the shield machine in the tunneling construction method of the shield cutter head in the fixed rotation direction of the shield cutter head along the tunneling direction.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a tunneling construction method of a shield cutter head in a fixed rotation direction, wherein the cutter head is tunneled in the fixed rotation direction, so that a scraper on one side corresponding to the rotation direction can be fully utilized, after cutting operation with a set number of rings, the height of the scraper is reduced due to abrasion, and when the cutter head rotates reversely, the scraper with the reduced height can be prevented from contacting with soil, the situation that teeth are easy to fall off and collapse when alloy on the back of the scraper cuts soil is avoided, and abnormal loss of the scraper is effectively reduced. On the other hand, the scraper with the reduced height enables the dregs cut by the prior cutter to enter spoke openings of the cutter arm more easily, the reduced scraper weakens the blocking effect on the dregs, and the dregs are effectively prevented from being deposited. The invention adopts the mode of alternately replacing the scrapers, so that the number of the used rings of the cutter is increased, the cutter can be fully used, the total cost of the cutter is obviously reduced, the number of the cutters replaced at one time is greatly reduced, the cutter replacing period is shortened, and the construction period can be saved to a greater extent. The following describes the tunneling construction method of the shield cutter head in the fixed rotation direction with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Firstly, problems existing in the construction of the existing shield cutter head are explained, and in the construction of the existing shield machine, in order to control the rolling angle of the shield machine, the forward and reverse rotation alternate tunneling construction is generally adopted, so that the situation that the back of a scraper is pressed into a soil body always exists in the construction of the shield machine. The scraper arranged on each track is divided into a left scraper and a right scraper which are respectively positioned at two sides of the spoke plates of the cutter head. When the shield machine is used for tunneling, the two scrapers on the same track move according to respective spiral lines, and the pitch between the two spiral lines can be calculated according to the shield propelling speed, the cutter head rotating speed and the angle difference between the scrapers and the pilot cutter. At this time, no matter which direction the cutter head rotates, two scrapers with opposite cutting edges and arranged on the same track always break rock by using the front cutting edge of one scraper, and press the back cutting edge of the other scraper into the excavation surface. The depth of the back of the scraper pressing into the excavated surface is the pitch between the two screws, which can be expressed as:
in order to solve the problems, the invention provides a tunneling construction method for fixing the rotation direction of a shield cutter head. Referring to fig. 1, a flow chart of the tunneling construction method of the shield cutter head in the fixed rotation direction of the invention is shown. The following describes a tunneling construction method of the present invention in which the shield cutter head is fixed in the rotational direction, with reference to fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1, the tunneling construction method for fixing the rotation direction of the shield cutter head of the invention comprises the following steps:
step S101 is executed, the cutter head is made to rotate along a first direction to set the number of rings, and scrapers on the first side of the spoke plates are used for cutting soil; as shown in fig. 1 and 2, during the shield tunneling construction, the cutter head 11 of the shield tunneling machine is rotated in the first direction by a set number of rings, and when the cutter head 11 is rotated in the first direction, the cutting surfaces of the scrapers 22 on the first sides 1111 of the spoke plates 111 on the cutter head 11 cut soil; step S102 is then performed.
Step S102 is executed, the cutter head is enabled to rotate along the second direction for setting the number of rings, and the scrapers on the second sides of the spoke plates are used for cutting soil; rotating a cutter head 11 of the shield tunneling machine along a second direction opposite to the first direction for setting the number of circles, and cutting soil on the cutting surfaces of the scrapers 22 positioned on the second sides 1112 of the spoke plates 111 on the cutter head 11 when the cutter head 11 rotates along the second direction; step S103 is then performed.
Step S103 is executed, the scrapers are replaced, the scrapers on the first side and the second side are replaced alternately, and after replacement, the cutter head is made to rotate along the first direction or the second direction to cut soil by using the newly replaced scrapers; when the scrapers 22 are replaced, the scrapers 22 on the first sides 1111 of the spoke plates 111 are replaced, and then the cutter head 11 is rotated in a first direction, preferably, the cutter head 11 can be rotated in the first direction for a set number of rings; when the scraper 22 is replaced next time, the scraper on the second side 1112 of the spoke plate 111 is replaced, and then the cutter head 11 of the shield machine is rotated in the second direction, and preferably the cutter head 11 can be rotated in the second direction for a set number of rings; this step is repeated to alternately replace the blades 22 on the first side 1111 of the spokes 111 and the second side 1112 of the spokes 111 until the shield machine has completed the tunneling operation.
The first direction may be clockwise or counterclockwise. When the first direction is clockwise, the second direction is counterclockwise, and when the first direction is counterclockwise, the second direction is clockwise. The first side 1111 and the second side 1112 of the spoke plate 111 also correspond to the first direction and the second direction, when the first direction is clockwise, the first side 1111 is a left side, and the second side 1112 is a right side, at this time, soil is cut by the scraper 22 of the first side 1111, the cutting edge of the scraper 22 of the first side 1111 breaks rock frontally, and the left side and the right side are corresponding left side and right side when the cutterhead 11 is seen in the heading direction while standing at the shield tail. When the first direction is counterclockwise, the first side 1111 is a right side, and the second side 1112 is a left side, at this time, the soil is cut by the scrapers 22 of the first side 1111, the front of the cutting edge of the scraper 22 of the first side 1111 breaks rock, and the right side and the left side are the corresponding left side and right side when the cutterhead 11 is viewed along the tunneling direction while standing at the shield tail.
The cutterhead disclosed by the invention adopts a fixed rotating direction to carry out tunneling construction, so that scrapers positioned on two sides of the spoke plate can be fully utilized, and the cutters are changed by adopting a single-side cutter changing mode, compared with a double-side changing mode, the number of the cutters is reduced by one third, the cutter changing period is reduced by one third, and the construction period is greatly saved. The full use of every scraper makes every cutter use the ring number than the mode of two side changes and promotes, and the cutter that changes is worn and torn all more than 30mm, and the use of cutter is abundant, obviously reduces cutter use total cost.
When under a certain direction of rotation construction for the scraper of one side that corresponds can be because of wearing and tearing highly reduce, when both sides scraper all highly reduce because of wearing and tearing, changes the scraper of one side, utilizes this scraper to carry out the cutting soil operation after that, and the scraper of opposite side highly reduces, can not contact with the excavation face, can avoid the back alloy and the excavation face contact of scraper, has avoided falling the tooth, the condition of tipping tooth, has effectively reduced the abnormal loss of scraper. In addition, the height of the scraper is reduced, so that the residue soil cut by the prior cutter can enter the opening of the cutter head more easily, the reduced scraper weakens the blocking effect on the residue soil, and the residue soil deposition is effectively avoided.
As shown in fig. 2, the cutter head 11 of the present invention includes a plurality of spoke plates 111 and a cutter head frame, the plurality of spoke plates are installed in the cutter head frame, one ends of the plurality of spoke plates 111 are connected to each other, and the other ends are uniformly arranged along the outer edge of the cutter head 11. One end of the plurality of spoke plates 111 connected to each other is positioned at the center of the cutter head 11, forming a center region in which a plurality of leading blades 21 are arranged. The leading blades 21 on the spoke plate 111 are disposed along the middle of the spoke plate 111, and the scrapers 22 are disposed on opposite sides of the spoke plate 111, i.e., the scrapers 22 are disposed on both sides of the corresponding leading blades 21. As shown in fig. 3, since the cutting surfaces of the scrapers 22 located on both sides of the spoke plate 111 are disposed opposite to each other, the cutting surfaces of the scrapers 22 located on the first side 1111 of the spoke plate 111 perform cutting work when the cutter head 11 rotates in the first direction, and the cutting surfaces of the scrapers 22 located on the second side 1112 of the spoke plate 111 perform cutting work when the cutter head 11 rotates in the second direction. Initially, the heights of the scrapers 22 on both sides of the spoke plate 111 are the same, after the cutting operation with the set number of rings, the heights of the two scrapers are reduced due to abrasion, and under the condition that the heights of the scrapers on both sides are reduced, the invention adopts the alternative tool changing operation, so that the problem of tool changing in the prior art can be solved.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the construction method of the present invention further includes:
and in the process of tunneling construction of the shield tunneling machine, monitoring the rolling angle of the shield tunneling machine, and when the rolling angle reaches a set value, reversely rotating a cutter head of the shield tunneling machine for a plurality of rings until the rolling angle is smaller than the set value.
In the process of advancing construction, the change of the rolling angle is controlled, when the rolling angle reaches a set value, the rolling angle is controlled to be within a range of a normal value by rotating the cutter head in opposite directions for two to three rings, so that the rolling angle is smaller than the set value, and the set value can be selected according to the normal value of the rolling angle during construction.
As another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention further comprises:
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, when the scraper 22 on the first side 1111 of the spoke plate 111 is replaced, the supporting cylinder 43 at the bottom of the thrust cylinder 42 on the opposite side to the first side 1111 of the spoke plate 111 in the two side portions of the shield tail 41 of the shield machine 40 is raised, so that the corresponding thrust cylinder 42 is arranged in a downward inclined manner along the tunneling direction, and the shield machine 40 is applied with counteracting torque opposite to the cutterhead acting torque direction through the inclined thrust cylinder, and part of the cutterhead acting torque can be counteracted by the counteracting torque;
when the scraper 22 on the second side 1112 of the spoke plate 111 is replaced, the supporting cylinder 43 on the bottom of the thrust cylinder 42 on the opposite side of the second side 1112 of the spoke plate 111 in the two side parts of the shield tail 41 of the shield machine 40 is raised, so that the corresponding thrust cylinder 42 is arranged in a downward inclined shape along the tunneling direction, and the inclined thrust cylinder applies counteracting torque opposite to the direction of the cutter head acting torque to the shield machine 40, and part of the cutter head torque can be counteracted by the counteracting torque.
The rear part of the shield machine 40 is provided with a plurality of propulsion oil cylinders 42, one ends of the propulsion oil cylinders 42 are fixedly connected with the shield machine 40, the other ends of the propulsion oil cylinders 42 are embedded in the shield 21 of the shield machine 40, the arrangement direction of the propulsion oil cylinders 42 is consistent with the tunneling direction of the shield machine 40, the shield machine 40 is driven to tunnel forwards by the propulsion oil cylinders 42, when the shield machine 40 tunnels for a section, the length of one pipe joint 31 is usually tunneled, the propulsion oil cylinders 42 are retracted, so that a new assembling space of the pipe joint 31 is formed between the propulsion oil cylinders 42 and the pipe joint 31 behind the propulsion oil cylinders 42, the new pipe joint 31 is installed in the assembling space, and the propulsion oil cylinders 42 abut against the end faces of the new pipe joint 31. The thrust cylinders 42 are arranged uniformly along the circumferential end face of the pipe joint 31, and when the pipe joint stands in a direction facing the shield tail 41, the thrust cylinders 42 arranged at the shield tail 41 include thrust cylinders 42 located on the left side, the right side, the upper side and the lower side. Each of the thrust cylinders 42 is provided with a support cylinder 43 for holding the thrust cylinder 42 in a vertically opposed manner. One end of the supporting oil cylinder 43 is fixed on the shield machine 40, the other end of the supporting oil cylinder is abutted against the propelling oil cylinder 42, the supporting oil cylinder 43 arranged at the top and the bottom of the propelling oil cylinder 42 is utilized to tightly support the propelling oil cylinder 42, and the stability of the propelling oil cylinder 42 can be improved.
When the first direction is clockwise, the first side 1111 is the left side when the cutterhead 11 is seen from the shield tail in the tunneling direction, the side opposite to the first side 1111 in the two side parts of the shield tail 41 is the left side, and the left thrust cylinder 42 is the left side when the shield tail 41 faces the tunneling direction; when the scraper 22 on the first side 1111 is replaced, the supporting cylinder 43 at the bottom of the left thrust cylinder 42 on the shield tail 41 is lifted, so that the left thrust cylinder 42 is arranged in an inclined manner, the end of the thrust cylinder 42 connected with the shield tail 41 is higher than the end of the thrust cylinder connected with the front part of the shield machine 40, so that the thrust cylinder generates a downward vertical inclination angle, when the thrust cylinder 42 applies thrust, the acting force is inclined, so that a downward inclined acting force is applied to the shield machine, the acting force can generate a downward component force, so that the downward component forces of the left thrust cylinders 42 have a clockwise torque, the torque can offset a part of cutter torque, the rotation of the shield machine is delayed, the increase of the rolling angle is delayed, and the rolling angle is prevented from rapidly reaching a set value.
Correspondingly, the second side 1112 is the right side corresponding to the cutterhead 11 when the cutterhead is viewed in the heading direction when standing at the shield tail, the side opposite to the second side 1112 in the two side portions of the shield tail 41 is the right side, and the right thrust cylinder 42 is the right side when the shield tail 41 faces the heading direction; when the scraper 22 on the second side 1112 is replaced, the supporting cylinder 43 at the bottom of the right thrust cylinder 42 on the shield tail 41 is lifted, so that the right thrust cylinder 42 is arranged in an inclined manner, the end of the thrust cylinder 42 connected with the shield tail 41 is higher than the end of the thrust cylinder connected with the front part of the shield machine 40, so that the thrust cylinder generates a downward vertical inclination angle, when the thrust cylinder 42 applies thrust, the acting force is inclined, so that a downward-inclined acting force is applied to the shield machine, the acting force can generate a downward component force, so that the downward component forces of the thrust cylinders 42 on the right side have counterclockwise torque, and the torque can offset a part of cutter torque, so that the rotation of the shield machine is delayed, the increase of the rolling angle is delayed, and the rolling angle is prevented from rapidly reaching a rated value.
Further, the construction method of the present invention further comprises:
when the supporting cylinder 43 at the bottom of the thrust cylinder 42 on one of the two side portions of the shield tail 41 of the shield machine 40 is lifted, the supporting cylinder 43 at the bottom of the thrust cylinder 42 on the other of the two side portions of the shield tail 41 of the shield machine 40 is restored to the original position. Namely, the elevating structure of the supporting cylinder 43 at the bottom of the other side thrust cylinder 42 is removed to restore the other side thrust cylinder 42.
Still further, raising the support cylinder 43 includes:
and providing a base plate, and arranging the base plate at the joint of the support oil cylinder and the shield tunneling machine. The mode that the backing plate is arranged on the backing plate is utilized to heighten the supporting oil cylinder, and the implementation is convenient.
The vertical inclination angle is calculated according to the change rate of the rolling angle in the propelling process, and a base plate with proper thickness is further selected, wherein the thickness of the base plate is preferably between 30mm and 35mm (including an end value).
Still further, the support cylinder that is located the bottom on the propulsion cylinder of the opposite side in shield tail department both sides portion of shield constructs the quick-witted shield returns the normal position, includes:
and (3) removing a base plate arranged between the support oil cylinder 43 and the shield tunneling machine 40.
As still another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the setting rings is selected according to the degree of wear of the blade.
When the set ring number is selected, the ring number can be selected according to the abrasion degree of the scraper, for example, the ring number corresponding to the scraper when the scraper is abraded to be replaced is used as the set ring number, so that the corresponding scraper is the scraper to be replaced after the scraper rotates in the fixed direction and passes through the set ring number. After the reverse rotation passes through the set number of rings, the corresponding scraper is also the scraper to be replaced, so that the scraper on one side can be replaced, the scraper on the other side is used for cutting operation, and after the set number of rings, the scraper on the other side is replaced, and the operation is repeated in sequence until the tunneling construction of the shield tunneling machine is completed. In such a mode, after the scrapers are replaced, the cutter head needs to be switched alternately in the rotating direction, and the scrapers on the other side can be replaced by only rotating the cutter head to the set number of rings along one rotating direction after the scrapers are replaced.
Preferably, the number of rings is set to 30.
As a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the need for blade replacement is determined in dependence on the degree of wear of the blade. The number and time of tool changing are determined according to the wear degree of the scraper.
For example, it can be confirmed that the blade needs to be replaced when the blade is worn by 30 mm.
When the cutter disc rotates along the first direction and the second direction alternately, if the scrapers on the two sides do not reach the wear degree required to be replaced, the cutting operation can be continued, namely, the cutter disc continues to rotate along the first direction and the second direction alternately.
While the present invention has been described in detail and with reference to the embodiments thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein. Therefore, certain details of the embodiments are not to be interpreted as limiting, and the scope of the invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A tunneling construction method for fixing rotation direction of a shield cutter head is characterized by comprising the following steps:
when the shield tunneling machine is in tunneling construction, a cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is made to rotate along a first direction to set the number of rings, and when the cutter head rotates along the first direction, the cutting surface of a scraper positioned on the first side of a spoke plate on the cutter head cuts soil;
enabling a cutter head of the shield tunneling machine to rotate in a second direction opposite to the first direction for setting the number of rings, and cutting the soil body by the cutting surface of a scraper on the second side of the spoke plate on the cutter head when the cutter head rotates in the second direction;
when the scrapers are replaced, the scrapers positioned on the first sides of the spoke plates are replaced, and then the cutter head is made to rotate along the first direction; when the scraper is replaced next time, the scraper positioned on the second side of the spoke plate is replaced, and then the cutter head of the shield tunneling machine is made to rotate along the second direction; repeating the step, and alternately replacing scrapers positioned on the first side of the spoke plate and the second side of the spoke plate until the shield machine finishes tunneling construction;
further comprising:
when the scraper on the first side of the spoke plate is replaced, the supporting oil cylinder on the bottom of the thrust oil cylinder on one side, corresponding to the first side of the spoke plate, of the two side parts at the shield tail of the shield machine is lifted, so that the corresponding thrust oil cylinder is arranged in a downward inclined manner along the tunneling direction, and offset torque opposite to the direction of the cutter head acting torque is applied to the shield machine through the inclined thrust oil cylinder;
when the scrapers on the second sides of the spoke plates are replaced, the supporting oil cylinder arranged at the bottom in the two side parts of the shield tail of the shield tunneling machine and the thrust oil cylinder on one side corresponding to the second sides of the spoke plates are heightened, so that the corresponding thrust oil cylinders are arranged in a downward inclined manner along the tunneling direction, and the thrust oil cylinders are inclined to apply counteracting torque opposite to the torque direction of the cutter head on the shield tunneling machine.
2. A tunneling construction method in a fixed rotational direction of a shield cutter head according to claim 1, further comprising:
in the process of tunneling construction of the shield tunneling machine, monitoring the rolling angle of the shield tunneling machine, and when the rolling angle reaches a set value, enabling a cutter head of the shield tunneling machine to rotate in a reverse direction for several rings until the rolling angle is smaller than the set value.
3. A tunneling construction method in a fixed rotational direction of a shield cutter head according to claim 1, further comprising:
and when the supporting oil cylinder at the bottom is arranged on the propelling oil cylinder at one side of the two side parts of the shield tail of the shield machine, restoring the supporting oil cylinder at the bottom on the propelling oil cylinder at the other side of the two side parts of the shield tail of the shield machine.
4. A tunneling construction method according to claim 3 with the shield cutter head fixed in rotation, wherein raising the support cylinder comprises:
and providing a base plate, and arranging the base plate at the joint of the support oil cylinder and the shield tunneling machine.
5. A tunneling construction method according to claim 4 with the fixed rotational direction of the shield cutterhead, wherein the thickness of the said backing plate is between 30mm and 35 mm.
6. The tunneling construction method according to claim 4, wherein the restoring of the support cylinder at the bottom of the thrust cylinder on the other of the two sides of the shield tail of the shield tunneling machine comprises:
and dismantling a base plate which is arranged between the support oil cylinder and the shield tunneling machine.
7. A method of performing tunneling construction in a direction in which a cutter head is rotated in a fixed manner according to claim 1, wherein the number of rings is selected and set in accordance with the degree of wear of said cutter blades.
8. A method of performing tunneling construction with fixed rotational direction of a shield cutterhead according to claim 1, wherein the need to replace a blade is determined according to the degree of wear of said blade.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811213524.3A CN109184721B (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2018-10-18 | Tunneling construction method for fixing rotation direction of shield cutter head |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811213524.3A CN109184721B (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2018-10-18 | Tunneling construction method for fixing rotation direction of shield cutter head |
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| CN109184721A CN109184721A (en) | 2019-01-11 |
| CN109184721B true CN109184721B (en) | 2020-03-17 |
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Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2706527B1 (en) * | 1993-06-14 | 1996-01-05 | Bresso Claude Louis Jean | Full section frontal tunneling machine. |
| CN101749027B (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2012-04-18 | 天津大学 | Multi-adaptive cutter head for shield machine |
| CN203847122U (en) * | 2014-05-28 | 2014-09-24 | 宏润建设集团股份有限公司 | Shield tunneling machine cutter head used for complex stratums |
| CN106246198B (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-10-24 | 辽宁三三工业有限公司 | Rock ripper bidirectional rotary type cutterhead and bidirectional rotation driving method |
| CN106555594B (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2019-05-31 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | A kind of normal pressure tool changing cutterhead |
| CN108643922B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2020-06-05 | 中铁十四局集团有限公司 | Large-diameter slurry shield comprehensive tunneling method for highly permeable soil-rock composite stratum |
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