CN110529139B

CN110529139B - Hard rock cutter head and cantilever tunneling machine comprising same

Info

Publication number: CN110529139B
Application number: CN201910837740.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李建斌; 张家年; 兰磊; 王杜鹃; 郑康泰
Original assignee: China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co Ltd CREG
Current assignee: China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co Ltd CREG
Priority date: 2019-09-05
Filing date: 2019-09-05
Publication date: 2021-08-27
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-05
Also published as: CN110529139A

Abstract

The invention provides a hard rock cutter head and a cantilever tunneling machine comprising the same. The invention has the advantages that: the cutter head structure is more uniform in stress, has stronger capability of resisting deformation and damage, and can bear tunneling working conditions such as high thrust, high rotating speed and the like; the cutter head is formed by processing a whole plate or welding steel plates, so that the integral strength and rigidity are better; the cutter adopts a mode that the end cover is located on the cutter holder mounting surface, so that the rock breaking efficiency can be improved; the central hob of the cutterhead can retract when the cutterhead swings for cutting, so that the problems of abnormal damage such as eccentric wear, tipping and the like of the central hob are effectively avoided; the hob and the serrated knife are arranged interchangeably, so that soft soil excavation and hard rock expanding excavation can be realized; the cutter head swings up and down and left and right, and circular and special-shaped sections can be excavated.

Description

Hard rock cutter head and cantilever tunneling machine comprising same

Technical Field

The invention relates to a tunneling cutterhead, in particular to a hard rock cutterhead and a cantilever tunneling machine comprising the same.

Background

With the development of the tunneling technology, the construction in the hard rock stratum is required to be safe and reliable, the requirement on the tunneling efficiency is continuously improved, the use of a TBM (tunnel boring machine) in the hard rock stratum has high cost, the safety is low if a drill is used for blasting the rock, the tunneling efficiency is low if a continuous miner or a tunneling and anchoring combined unit is used, and the cantilever tunneling machine which has safety guarantee, low cost and high tunneling efficiency is vigorously developed.

The heading head of the existing cantilever heading machine is mainly two semispherical or drum-shaped cutting heads which are bilaterally symmetrical (such as the invention patent application named as 'a horizontal shaft type heading machine cutting simulation experiment table' with the application number of 201811105636.7) or a single conical or conical cylindrical cutting head (such as the invention patent application named as 'a combined cantilever heading machine' with the application number of 201210207419.5), and the serrated cutters on the cutting head are arranged along a spiral line at a certain interval, so that the heading efficiency is lower in a hard rock stratum compared with a TBM cutter head. Therefore, the pursuit of the excavating head of the cantilever excavator capable of efficiently excavating is continuously improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a hard rock cutter head and a cantilever tunneling machine comprising the same, and solves the problem that the existing cantilever tunneling machine has low tunneling efficiency in a hard rock stratum.

The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the hard rock cutter head comprises a conical cutter head main structure, wherein the cutter head main structure comprises a head, spokes and a flange, the head is connected with the spokes, the spokes are connected with the flange, and detachable cutters are arranged on the head and the spokes.

The cutter is a serrated knife.

The cutter is a hob.

The cutter head main structure is provided with a cutter groove, the end cover is detachably fixed in the cutter groove, the upper end face of the end cover is flush with the upper end face of the cutter head main structure, and a hob is arranged in the end cover.

The end cover is fixed in the cutter groove through a bolt.

The head on be equipped with flexible central blade holder, be equipped with detachable cutter on the central blade holder, central blade holder is connected with the hydro-cylinder, hydro-cylinder and flange joint.

The spokes are arranged in a cross shape.

The spokes are arranged in a star shape.

The spokes are arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi'.

A cantilever heading machine comprises the hard rock cutterhead.

The invention has the advantages that:

1. the cutter head adopts a spoke and cone symmetrical structure, the distribution of cutters is uniform, the stress of the cutter head structure is more uniform, the deformation and damage resistance of the cutter head is stronger, and the cutter head can bear tunneling working conditions such as large thrust, high rotating speed and the like on the cantilever tunneling machine due to better strength and rigidity.

2. The cutter head main structure is formed by adopting whole plate processing design or welding steel plates, the overall strength and rigidity are better, the deformation of the cutter head in the tunneling process is reduced, and a structural basis is provided for reliable installation of cutters.

3. The replaceable cutter of the cutter head adopts an installation mode that the end cover is located on the cutter seat installation surface, so that the cutter bears the reaction force of the excavation surface, the cutter head is directly transmitted to the cutter seat through the cutter end cover, the cutter seat main structure is transmitted to the cutter head through the cutter seat, the cutter fixing bolt does not provide the supporting force of the cutter, only the fixing effect is achieved, and the higher-reliability cutter installation mode and reasonable cutter arrangement can improve the rock breaking efficiency of cutter head tunneling.

4. The central hob of the cutterhead can retract when the cutterhead swings for cutting, and the problems of abnormal damage such as eccentric wear and tipping of the central hob can be effectively avoided.

5. The equipment can excavate soft soil and can dig hard rock by interchanging and installing cutters such as a hob, a serrated knife and the like. When the hard rock stratum is tunneled, the multiple combination mode of positive pressure rock breaking and suspended cutting rock breaking of the hob is utilized, and efficient rock breaking can be performed on the rock on the excavated surface; the soft soil stable stratum can be replaced by a serrated knife, and efficient excavation is carried out on the excavation surface by utilizing the serrated knife.

6. The cutter head swings up and down and left and right depending on a cantilever of the cantilever excavator, so that circular and special-shaped sections can be excavated, and compared with a full-section excavator, the whole excavator is low in equipment cost and good in maneuverability, and the excavating efficiency is high compared with the existing cutter head type excavator head.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the hob installation of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a structure of a center blade holder according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of horizontal tunneling and rock breaking according to the invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the swing tunneling rock breaking method.

In the figure: 1-cutterhead main structure, 2-hob, 3-bolt, 4-knife slot, 5-end cover, 6-center knife seat, 7-oil cylinder, 8-head, 9-spoke and 10-flange.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the hard rock cutter head comprises a cutter head main structure 1, wherein the cutter head main structure 1 comprises a head 8, spokes 9 and a flange 10, the head 8 is connected with the spokes 9, the spokes and the spokes are formed by processing a whole plate, the spokes 9 are welded with the flange 10, the flange is used for being connected with a rotating shaft of a heading machine, the spokes 9 are arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi', the spokes 9 can be arranged in a cross shape or a star shape, and the head 8, the spokes 9 and the flange 10 form a conical cutter head main structure 1. Be equipped with detachable cutter on head 8 and spoke 9, the cutter is hobbing cutter 2, and 12 cun or 14 cun hobbing cutters of blade disc conical surface hobbing cutter adoption are arranged, and with 2 of orbit, 3 are arranged with the orbit to the edge hobbing cutter, and same cutter can be the serrated knife, improves the adaptability of blade disc to the stratum.

As shown in fig. 3, when the cutter is a hob, a cutter slot 4 is arranged on the cutter head main structure 1, an end cover 5 is detachably fixed in the cutter slot 4 through a bolt 3, the upper end face of the end cover 5 is flush with the upper end face of the cutter head main structure 1, and a hob 2 is arranged in the end cover 5.

As shown in fig. 4, a telescopic central knife holder is arranged on the head 8, a detachable knife is arranged on the central knife holder, the central knife holder is connected with an oil cylinder 7, and the oil cylinder 7 is connected with a flange 10. The hob arranged in the center of the cutterhead can be pushed out, and when the cutterhead is tunneled horizontally, the central hob is pushed out, so that the cutterhead is tunneled integrally; when the cutter head swings for cutting, the central hob retracts to 80-150 mm through the oil cylinder, and abnormal damage to the central hob is avoided.

During construction, a cutter is fixed on a cutter head main structure through bolt connection, the cutter head is installed at the front end of the cantilever tunneling machine through a flange, the rock on the excavation surface is cut and crushed by utilizing the principle that a hob cuts and breaks rock in a suspension mode and positive pressure rock breaking, excavation of the tunnel face is carried out by means of cantilever rotation and vertical and horizontal swinging of the cutter head, a circular, rectangular and oval tunnel section can be excavated, and the rock cut and peeled off by the cutter head is subjected to slag removal through a slag removal system of the cantilever tunneling machine. In addition, when the cutterhead is in horizontal tunneling, as shown in fig. 5, the central hob is pushed out and directly participates in rock breaking, while when the cutterhead is in swing cutting, as shown in fig. 6, the central hob is retracted and does not participate in rock breaking.

Example 2

A cantilever excavator comprises a hard rock cutterhead, and the structure of the hard rock cutterhead is the same as that of embodiment 1.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a hard rock blade disc, includes conical blade disc main structure (1), its characterized in that: the cutter head main structure (1) comprises a head (8), spokes (9) and a flange (10), the head (8) is connected with the spokes (9), the spokes (9) are connected with the flange (10), and detachable cutters are arranged on the head (8) and the spokes (9); the head (8) is provided with an axially telescopic central tool apron, the central tool apron is provided with a detachable tool, the central tool apron is connected with an oil cylinder (7), and the oil cylinder (7) is connected with a flange (10); the spokes (9) are arranged in a cross shape or a star shape or a meter shape.

2. The hard rock cutterhead of claim 1, wherein: the cutter is a serrated knife.

3. The hard rock cutterhead of claim 1, wherein: the cutter is a hob (2).

4. A hard rock cutterhead according to claim 3, wherein: the cutter head main structure (1) is provided with a cutter groove (4), the end cover (5) can be detachably fixed in the cutter groove (4), the upper end face of the end cover (5) is flush with the upper end face of the cutter head main structure (1), and the end cover (5) is internally provided with a hob (2).

5. A hard rock cutterhead according to claim 4, in which: the end cover (5) is fixed in the cutter groove (4) through a bolt (3).

6. The cantilever heading machine is characterized in that: a hard rock cutterhead including a hard rock cutterhead as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.